1 Samuel 17
TSK
Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and were gathered together at Shochoh, which belongeth to Judah, and pitched between Shochoh and Azekah, in Ephesdammim.
And Saul and the men of Israel were gathered together, and pitched by the valley of Elah, and set the battle in array against the Philistines.
And the Philistines stood on a mountain on the one side, and Israel stood on a mountain on the other side: and there was a valley between them.
And there went out a champion out of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six cubits and a span.

Goliath

1 Samuel 17:23 And as he talked with them, behold, there came up the champion, the …

1 Samuel 21:9,10 And the priest said, The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom you …

2 Samuel 21:19 And there was again a battle in Gob with the Philistines, where Elhanan …

1 Chronicles 20:5 And there was war again with the Philistines; and Elhanan the son …

of Gath

1 Samuel 27:4 And it was told Saul that David was fled to Gath: and he sought no …

Joshua 11:22 There was none of the Anakims left in the land of the children of …

2 Samuel 21:16-22 And Ishbibenob, which was of the sons of the giant, the weight of …

1 Chronicles 20:4-8 And it came to pass after this, that there arose war at Gezer with …

whose height

Deuteronomy 3:11 For only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of giants; behold …

1 Chronicles 11:23 And he slew an Egyptian, a man of great stature, five cubits high; …

Amos 2:9 Yet destroyed I the Amorite before them, whose height was like the …

six cubits According to Bp. Cumberland's calculation, the height of Goliath was about eleven feet ten inches; but Parkhurst estimating the ordinary cubit at seventeen inches and a half, calculates that he was nine feet six inches high. Few instances can be produced of men who can be compared with him. Pliny says, `The tallest man that hath been seen in our days was one name Gabara, who, in the days of Claudius, the late Emperor, was brought out of Arabia: he was nine feet nine inches.' Josephus mentions a Jew, named Eleazar, whom Vitellius sent to Rome, who was seven cubits, or ten feet two inches high. Becanaus saw a man near ten feet, and a woman that was a full ten feet. And, to mention no more, a man of the name of John Middleton, born at Hale, near Warrington, in Lancashire, in the reign of James the First, was more than nine feet high. Dr. Plott, in his history of Staffordshire, says, that `his hand, from the carpus to the end of the middle finger, was seventeen inches, his palms eight inches and a half broad, and his whole height was nine feet three inches; wanting but six inches of the height of Goliath of Gath.'

And he had an helmet of brass upon his head, and he was armed with a coat of mail; and the weight of the coat was five thousand shekels of brass.

armed [heb] clothed

And he had greaves of brass upon his legs, and a target of brass between his shoulders.
And the staff of his spear was like a weaver's beam; and his spear's head weighed six hundred shekels of iron: and one bearing a shield went before him.
And he stood and cried unto the armies of Israel, and said unto them, Why are ye come out to set your battle in array? am not I a Philistine, and ye servants to Saul? choose you a man for you, and let him come down to me.
If he be able to fight with me, and to kill me, then will we be your servants: but if I prevail against him, and kill him, then shall ye be our servants, and serve us.
And the Philistine said, I defy the armies of Israel this day; give me a man, that we may fight together.
When Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid.
Now David was the son of that Ephrathite of Bethlehemjudah, whose name was Jesse; and he had eight sons: and the man went among men for an old man in the days of Saul.
And the three eldest sons of Jesse went and followed Saul to the battle: and the names of his three sons that went to the battle were Eliab the firstborn, and next unto him Abinadab, and the third Shammah.
And David was the youngest: and the three eldest followed Saul.
But David went and returned from Saul to feed his father's sheep at Bethlehem.
And the Philistine drew near morning and evening, and presented himself forty days.
And Jesse said unto David his son, Take now for thy brethren an ephah of this parched corn, and these ten loaves, and run to the camp to thy brethren;
And carry these ten cheeses unto the captain of their thousand, and look how thy brethren fare, and take their pledge.
Now Saul, and they, and all the men of Israel, were in the valley of Elah, fighting with the Philistines.

the valley Dr. Richardson says, that in about twenty minutes, in an easterly direction, form the cave of St. John, (which is about two hours or six miles, in a westerly direction, from Jerusalem,) they came to the valley of Elah; which position seems to agree with that of Shochoh and Azekah. He describes it as `a small valley, and the place of the encampment is pointed out where it narrows into a broad, deep ravine; part of it was in crop, and part of it was under the plough, which was drawn by a couple of oxen. A small stream, which had shrunk almost under its stony bed, passes through it from east to west, from which we are informed that David chose out five smooth stones, and hasted and ran to meet the haughty champion of Gath. A well of water under the bank, with a few olive trees above, on the north side of the valley, are said to mark the spot of the shepherd's triumph over his boasting antagonist. Saul and his men probably occupied the side of the valley which is nearest to Jerusalem, on which the ground is higher and more rugged than on the other side.'

And David rose up early in the morning, and left the sheep with a keeper, and took, and went, as Jesse had commanded him; and he came to the trench, as the host was going forth to the fight, and shouted for the battle.
For Israel and the Philistines had put the battle in array, army against army.
And David left his carriage in the hand of the keeper of the carriage, and ran into the army, and came and saluted his brethren.
And as he talked with them, behold, there came up the champion, the Philistine of Gath, Goliath by name, out of the armies of the Philistines, and spake according to the same words: and David heard them.
And all the men of Israel, when they saw the man, fled from him, and were sore afraid.
And the men of Israel said, Have ye seen this man that is come up? surely to defy Israel is he come up: and it shall be, that the man who killeth him, the king will enrich him with great riches, and will give him his daughter, and make his father's house free in Israel.
And David spake to the men that stood by him, saying, What shall be done to the man that killeth this Philistine, and taketh away the reproach from Israel? for who is this uncircumcised Philistine, that he should defy the armies of the living God?
And the people answered him after this manner, saying, So shall it be done to the man that killeth him.
And Eliab his eldest brother heard when he spake unto the men; and Eliab's anger was kindled against David, and he said, Why camest thou down hither? and with whom hast thou left those few sheep in the wilderness? I know thy pride, and the naughtiness of thine heart; for thou art come down that thou mightest see the battle.
And David said, What have I now done? Is there not a cause?
And he turned from him toward another, and spake after the same manner: and the people answered him again after the former manner.
And when the words were heard which David spake, they rehearsed them before Saul: and he sent for him.
And David said to Saul, Let no man's heart fail because of him; thy servant will go and fight with this Philistine.
And Saul said to David, Thou art not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him: for thou art but a youth, and he a man of war from his youth.
And David said unto Saul, Thy servant kept his father's sheep, and there came a lion, and a bear, and took a lamb out of the flock:

lamb. or, kid

And I went out after him, and smote him, and delivered it out of his mouth: and when he arose against me, I caught him by his beard, and smote him, and slew him.
Thy servant slew both the lion and the bear: and this uncircumcised Philistine shall be as one of them, seeing he hath defied the armies of the living God.
David said moreover, The LORD that delivered me out of the paw of the lion, and out of the paw of the bear, he will deliver me out of the hand of this Philistine. And Saul said unto David, Go, and the LORD be with thee.
And Saul armed David with his armour, and he put an helmet of brass upon his head; also he armed him with a coat of mail.

armed David with his armour [heb] clothed David with his clothes

1 Samuel 17:5 And he had an helmet of brass on his head, and he was armed with …

And David girded his sword upon his armour, and he assayed to go; for he had not proved it. And David said unto Saul, I cannot go with these; for I have not proved them. And David put them off him.
And he took his staff in his hand, and chose him five smooth stones out of the brook, and put them in a shepherd's bag which he had, even in a scrip; and his sling was in his hand: and he drew near to the Philistine.
And the Philistine came on and drew near unto David; and the man that bare the shield went before him.
And when the Philistine looked about, and saw David, he disdained him: for he was but a youth, and ruddy, and of a fair countenance.
And the Philistine said unto David, Am I a dog, that thou comest to me with staves? And the Philistine cursed David by his gods.
And the Philistine said to David, Come to me, and I will give thy flesh unto the fowls of the air, and to the beasts of the field.

come to me

1 Kings 20:10,11 And Benhadad sent to him, and said, The gods do so to me, and more also…

Proverbs 18:12 Before destruction the heart of man is haughty, and before honor is humility.

Ecclesiastes 9:11,12 I returned, and saw under the sun, that the race is not to the swift, …

Jeremiah 9:23 Thus said the LORD, Let not the wise man glory in his wisdom, neither …

Ezekiel 28:2,9,10 Son of man, say to the prince of Tyrus, Thus said the Lord GOD; Because …

Ezekiel 39:17-20 And, you son of man, thus said the Lord GOD; Speak to every feathered …

I will give Parallel instances of vaunting occur in some writers of a more recent date:--The conspirators against the emperor Maximinus having slain him, his son, and several of his best friends, threw out their bodies to be devoured by dogs and the fowls of the air. This custom appears to have been frequently threatened; and however shocking to human feelings, was often carried into effect.

Then said David to the Philistine, Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a shield: but I come to thee in the name of the LORD of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast defied.
This day will the LORD deliver thee into mine hand; and I will smite thee, and take thine head from thee; and I will give the carcases of the host of the Philistines this day unto the fowls of the air, and to the wild beasts of the earth; that all the earth may know that there is a God in Israel.

will the Lord

Deuteronomy 7:2,23 And when the LORD your God shall deliver them before you; you shall …

Deuteronomy 9:2,3 A people great and tall, the children of the Anakims, whom you know, …

Joshua 10:8 And the LORD said to Joshua, Fear them not: for I have delivered …

deliver thee [heb] shut thee up

Psalm 31:8 And have not shut me up into the hand of the enemy: you have set …

take thine

1 Samuel 17:51 Therefore David ran, and stood on the Philistine, and took his sword, …

carcases

1 Samuel 17:44 And the Philistine said to David, Come to me, and I will give your …

Deuteronomy 28:26 And your carcass shall be meat to all fowls of the air, and to the …

Isaiah 56:9 All you beasts of the field, come to devour, yes, all you beasts in the forest.

Matthew 24:28 For wherever the carcass is, there will the eagles be gathered together.

Revelation 19:17,18 And I saw an angel standing in the sun; and he cried with a loud …

all the earth

Exodus 9:16 And in very deed for this cause have I raised you up, for to show …

Exodus 15:14,15 The people shall hear, and be afraid: sorrow shall take hold on the …

Joshua 4:24 That all the people of the earth might know the hand of the LORD, …

1 Kings 8:43 Hear you in heaven your dwelling place, and do according to all that …

1 Kings 18:36,37 And it came to pass at the time of the offering of the evening sacrifice, …

2 Kings 19:19 Now therefore, O LORD our God, I beseech you, save you us out of his hand…

Psalm 46:10 Be still, and know that I am God: I will be exalted among the heathen, …

Isaiah 52:10 The LORD has made bore his holy arm in the eyes of all the nations; …

Daniel 2:47 The king answered to Daniel, and said, Of a truth it is, that your …

Daniel 3:29 Therefore I make a decree, That every people, nation, and language, …

Daniel 6:26,27 I make a decree, That in every dominion of my kingdom men tremble …

And all this assembly shall know that the LORD saveth not with sword and spear: for the battle is the LORD'S, and he will give you into our hands.
And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and drew nigh to meet David, that David hasted, and ran toward the army to meet the Philistine.
And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone, and slang it, and smote the Philistine in his forehead, that the stone sunk into his forehead; and he fell upon his face to the earth.
So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David.

So David prevailed The tradition of the combat between David and Goliath, in which the latter was killed, is preserved among the Arabs; for he is mentioned in the Koran, where he is called Galut or Jalut. The Arabs also call the dynasty of the Philistine kings, who reigned in palestine when the Hebrews came there, Galutiah, or Jalutiah. Achmed Al Fassi say, `Those kings were as well known by the name of Jalaut, as the ancient kings of Egypt by that of Pharaoh. David killed the Jalaut who reigned in his time, and entirely rooted out the Philistines, the rest of whom fled into Africa, and from them descended the Brebers or Berbers, who inhabit the coast of Barbary.' It is remarkable that the Berbers themselves should acknowledge their descent from the Philistines. The name Goliath, which they pronounce Sqhia-lud, is very common among the Brebers, and the history of the champion of the Philistines is very well known to the Moors. When children quarrel, and the bigger one challenges the smaller to fight the latter answers, `Who will fight with you? (Enta men ulid Sgialud.) You are of the race of Golaith.' The Jews who dwell among them, on the mountains, all call them Philistines.

1 Samuel 21:9 And the priest said, The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom you …

1 Samuel 23:21 And Saul said, Blessed be you of the LORD; for you have compassion on me.

Judges 3:31 And after him was Shamgar the son of Anath, which slew of the Philistines …

Judges 15:15 And he found a new jawbone of an donkey, and put forth his hand, …

but there was

1 Samuel 17:39 And David girded his sword on his armor, and he assayed to go; for …

1 Samuel 13:22 So it came to pass in the day of battle…

Therefore David ran, and stood upon the Philistine, and took his sword, and drew it out of the sheath thereof, and slew him, and cut off his head therewith. And when the Philistines saw their champion was dead, they fled.
And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pursued the Philistines, until thou come to the valley, and to the gates of Ekron. And the wounded of the Philistines fell down by the way to Shaaraim, even unto Gath, and unto Ekron.
And the children of Israel returned from chasing after the Philistines, and they spoiled their tents.
And David took the head of the Philistine, and brought it to Jerusalem; but he put his armour in his tent.
And when Saul saw David go forth against the Philistine, he said unto Abner, the captain of the host, Abner, whose son is this youth? And Abner said, As thy soul liveth, O king, I cannot tell.
And the king said, Inquire thou whose son the stripling is.
And as David returned from the slaughter of the Philistine, Abner took him, and brought him before Saul with the head of the Philistine in his hand.
And Saul said to him, Whose son art thou, thou young man? And David answered, I am the son of thy servant Jesse the Bethlehemite.
Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge by R. A. Torrey [ca. 1880]
Expanded version courtesy INT Bible ©2013, Used by permission

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