1 Samuel 25:18
New International Version
Abigail acted quickly. She took two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five dressed sheep, five seahs of roasted grain, a hundred cakes of raisins and two hundred cakes of pressed figs, and loaded them on donkeys.

New Living Translation
Abigail wasted no time. She quickly gathered 200 loaves of bread, two wineskins full of wine, five sheep that had been slaughtered, nearly a bushel of roasted grain, 100 clusters of raisins, and 200 fig cakes. She packed them on donkeys

English Standard Version
Then Abigail made haste and took two hundred loaves and two skins of wine and five sheep already prepared and five seahs of parched grain and a hundred clusters of raisins and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on donkeys.

Berean Standard Bible
Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five butchered sheep, five seahs of roasted grain, a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs. She loaded them on donkeys

King James Bible
Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and an hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses.

New King James Version
Then Abigail made haste and took two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five sheep already dressed, five seahs of roasted grain, one hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and loaded them on donkeys.

New American Standard Bible
Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread and two jugs of wine, and five sheep already prepared and five measures of roasted grain, and a hundred cakes of raisins and two hundred cakes of figs, and she loaded them on donkeys.

NASB 1995
Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread and two jugs of wine and five sheep already prepared and five measures of roasted grain and a hundred clusters of raisins and two hundred cakes of figs, and loaded them on donkeys.

NASB 1977
Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread and two jugs of wine and five sheep already prepared and five measures of roasted grain and a hundred clusters of raisins and two hundred cakes of figs, and loaded them on donkeys.

Legacy Standard Bible
Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread and two jugs of wine and five sheep already prepared and five seahs of roasted grain and one hundred clusters of raisins and two hundred cakes of figs, and loaded them on donkeys.

Amplified Bible
Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread, two jugs of wine, five sheep already prepared [for roasting], five measures of roasted grain, a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and loaded them on donkeys.

Christian Standard Bible
Abigail hurried, taking two hundred loaves of bread, two clay jars of wine, five butchered sheep, a bushel of roasted grain, one hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of pressed figs, and loaded them on donkeys.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Abigail hurried, taking 200 loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five butchered sheep, a bushel of roasted grain, 100 clusters of raisins, and 200 cakes of pressed figs, and loaded them on donkeys.

American Standard Version
Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched grain, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses.

Contemporary English Version
Abigail quickly got together 200 loaves of bread, two large clay jars of wine, the meat from five sheep, a large sack of roasted grain, 100 handfuls of raisins, and 200 handfuls of dried figs. She loaded all the food on donkeys

English Revised Version
Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and an hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
So Abigail quickly took 200 loaves of bread, 2 full wineskins, 5 butchered sheep, a bushel of roasted grain, 100 bunches of raisins, and 200 fig cakes and loaded them on donkeys.

Good News Translation
Abigail quickly gathered two hundred loaves of bread, two leather bags full of wine, five roasted sheep, two bushels of roasted grain, a hundred bunches of raisins, and two hundred cakes of dried figs, and loaded them on donkeys.

International Standard Version
Abigail quickly took 200 loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five butchered sheep, five measures of roasted grain, 100 bunches of raisins, and 200 fig cakes and loaded them on donkeys.

Majority Standard Bible
Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five butchered sheep, five seahs of roasted grain, a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs. She loaded them on donkeys

NET Bible
So Abigail quickly took two hundred loaves of bread, two containers of wine, five prepared sheep, five seahs of roasted grain, a hundred bunches of raisins, and two hundred lumps of pressed figs. She loaded them on donkeys

New Heart English Bible
Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread, two bottles of wine, five sheep ready dressed, five measures of parched grain, one hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on donkeys.

Webster's Bible Translation
Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses.

World English Bible
Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread, two containers of wine, five sheep ready dressed, five seahs of parched grain, one hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on donkeys.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And Abigail hurries, and takes two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep, prepared, and five measures of roasted grain, and one hundred bunches of raisins, and two hundred bunches of figs, and sets [them] on the donkeys.

Young's Literal Translation
And Abigail hasteth, and taketh two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep, prepared, and five measures of roasted corn, and a hundred bunches of raisins, and two hundred bunches of figs, and setteth them on the asses.

Smith's Literal Translation
And Abigail will hasten and take two hundred of bread, and two flasks of wine, and five sheep done, and five measures of parched grain, and a hundred clusters of dried grapes, and two hundred cakes of figs, and put upon asses.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Then Abigail made haste and took two hundred loaves, and two vessels of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of dry figs, and laid them upon asses:

Catholic Public Domain Version
And so Abigail hurried, and she took two hundred loaves, and two vessels of wine, and five cooked sheep, and five measures of cooked grain, and one hundred clusters of dried grapes, and two hundred masses of dried figs, and she set them upon donkeys.

New American Bible
Abigail quickly got together two hundred loaves, two skins of wine, five dressed sheep, five seahs of roasted grain, a hundred cakes of pressed raisins, and two hundred cakes of pressed figs, and loaded them on donkeys.

New Revised Standard Version
Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves, two skins of wine, five sheep ready dressed, five measures of parched grain, one hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs. She loaded them on donkeys
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves of bread and two skins of wine and five sheep ready dressed and five measures of parched wheat and one hundred cheeses and two hundred bunches of raisins, and laid them on asses.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Abigal hurried and she took two hundred bread loaves, and two skins of wine, and five prepared sheep, and five threegallon measures of parched corn, and a hundred cheeses and two hundred fig cakes, and she set them on the donkey
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And Abigaia hasted, and took two hundred loaves, and two vessels of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five ephahs of fine flour, and one homer of dried grapes, and two hundred cakes of figs, and put them upon asses.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Abigail Intercedes for Nabal
18Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five butchered sheep, five seahs of roasted grain, a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs. She loaded them on donkeys 19and said to her young men, “Go ahead of me. I will be right behind you.” But she did not tell her husband Nabal.…

Cross References
Proverbs 31:14-15
She is like the merchant ships, bringing her food from afar. / She rises while it is still night to provide food for her household and portions for her maidservants.

Genesis 32:13-15
Jacob spent the night there, and from what he had brought with him, he selected a gift for his brother Esau: / 200 female goats, 20 male goats, 200 ewes, 20 rams, / 30 milk camels with their young, 40 cows, 10 bulls, 20 female donkeys, and 10 male donkeys.

2 Kings 4:42
Now a man from Baal-shalishah came to the man of God with a sack of twenty loaves of barley bread from the first ripe grain. “Give it to the people to eat,” said Elisha.

2 Samuel 16:1-2
When David had gone a little beyond the summit, Ziba the servant of Mephibosheth was there to meet him. He had a pair of saddled donkeys loaded with two hundred loaves of bread, a hundred clusters of raisins, a hundred summer fruits, and a skin of wine. / “Why do you have these?” asked the king. Ziba replied, “The donkeys are for the king’s household to ride, the bread and summer fruit are for the young men to eat, and the wine is to refresh those who become exhausted in the wilderness.”

1 Kings 17:10-16
So Elijah got up and went to Zarephath. When he arrived at the city gate, there was a widow gathering sticks. Elijah called to her and said, “Please bring me a little water in a cup, so that I may drink.” / And as she was going to get it, he called to her and said, “Please bring me a piece of bread.” / But she replied, “As surely as the LORD your God lives, I have no bread—only a handful of flour in a jar and a little oil in a jug. Look, I am gathering a couple of sticks to take home and prepare a meal for myself and my son, so that we may eat it and die.” ...

2 Chronicles 31:5-6
As soon as the order went out, the Israelites generously provided the firstfruits of the grain, new wine, oil, and honey, and of all the produce of the field, and they brought in an abundance—a tithe of everything. / And the Israelites and Judahites who lived in the cities of Judah also brought a tithe of their herds and flocks and a tithe of the holy things consecrated to the LORD their God, and they laid them in large heaps.

Nehemiah 5:17-18
There were 150 Jews and officials at my table, besides the guests from the surrounding nations. / Each day one ox, six choice sheep, and some fowl were prepared for me, and once every ten days an abundance of all kinds of wine was provided. But I did not demand the food allotted to the governor, because the burden on the people was so heavy.

Genesis 43:11
Then their father Israel said to them, “If it must be so, then do this: Put some of the best products of the land in your packs and carry them down as a gift for the man—a little balm and a little honey, spices and myrrh, pistachios and almonds.

2 Samuel 17:27-29
When David came to Mahanaim, he was met by Shobi son of Nahash from Rabbah of the Ammonites, Machir son of Ammiel from Lo-debar, and Barzillai the Gileadite from Rogelim. / They brought beds, basins, and earthen vessels, as well as wheat, barley, flour, roasted grain, beans, lentils, / honey, curds, sheep, and cheese from the herd for David and his people to eat. For they said, “The people have become hungry, exhausted, and thirsty in the wilderness.”

1 Kings 10:2
She arrived in Jerusalem with a very large caravan—with camels bearing spices, gold in great abundance, and precious stones. And she came to Solomon and spoke to him all that was on her mind.

Matthew 14:17-21
“We have here only five loaves of bread and two fish,” they answered. / “Bring them here to Me,” Jesus said. / And He directed the crowds to sit down on the grass. Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to heaven, He spoke a blessing. Then He broke the loaves and gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the people. ...

Luke 10:38-42
As they traveled along, Jesus entered a village where a woman named Martha welcomed Him into her home. / She had a sister named Mary, who sat at the Lord’s feet listening to His message. / But Martha was distracted by all the preparations to be made. She came to Jesus and said, “Lord, do You not care that my sister has left me to serve alone? Tell her to help me!” ...

John 6:9-13
“Here is a boy with five barley loaves and two small fish. But what difference will these make among so many?” / “Have the people sit down,” Jesus said. Now there was plenty of grass in that place, so the men sat down, about five thousand of them. / Then Jesus took the loaves and the fish, gave thanks, and distributed to those who were seated as much as they wanted. ...

Acts 9:36-39
In Joppa there was a disciple named Tabitha (which is translated as Dorcas), who was always occupied with works of kindness and charity. / At that time, however, she became sick and died, and her body was washed and placed in an upper room. / Since Lydda was near Joppa, the disciples, hearing that Peter was there, sent two men to urge him, “Come to us without delay.” ...

Romans 12:20
On the contrary, “If your enemy is hungry, feed him; if he is thirsty, give him a drink. For in so doing, you will heap burning coals on his head.”


Treasury of Scripture

Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and an hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses.

made haste

1 Samuel 25:34
For in very deed, as the LORD God of Israel liveth, which hath kept me back from hurting thee, except thou hadst hasted and come to meet me, surely there had not been left unto Nabal by the morning light any that pisseth against the wall.

Numbers 16:46-48
And Moses said unto Aaron, Take a censer, and put fire therein from off the altar, and put on incense, and go quickly unto the congregation, and make an atonement for them: for there is wrath gone out from the LORD; the plague is begun…

Proverbs 6:4,5
Give not sleep to thine eyes, nor slumber to thine eyelids…

Genesis 32:13-20
And he lodged there that same night; and took of that which came to his hand a present for Esau his brother; …

Genesis 43:11-14
And their father Israel said unto them, If it must be so now, do this; take of the best fruits in the land in your vessels, and carry down the man a present, a little balm, and a little honey, spices, and myrrh, nuts, and almonds: …

2 Samuel 17:28,29
Brought beds, and basons, and earthen vessels, and wheat, and barley, and flour, and parched corn, and beans, and lentiles, and parched pulse, …

five sheep.

2 Samuel 16:1
And when David was a little past the top of the hill, behold, Ziba the servant of Mephibosheth met him, with a couple of asses saddled, and upon them two hundred loaves of bread, and an hundred bunches of raisins, and an hundred of summer fruits, and a bottle of wine.

cakes of figs.

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Abigail Asses Bottles Cakes Clusters Corn Donkeys Dressed Haste Hundred Loaves Measures Parched Raisins Ready Sheep Wine
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Abigail Asses Bottles Cakes Clusters Corn Donkeys Dressed Haste Hundred Loaves Measures Parched Raisins Ready Sheep Wine
1 Samuel 25
1. Samuel dies
2. David in Paran sends to Nabal
10. Provoked by Nabal's rudeness, he minds to destroy him
14. Abigail understanding thereof
18. takes a present
23. and by her wisdom
32. pacifies David
36. Nabal hearing thereof, dies
39. David takes Abigail and Ahinoam to be his wives
44. Michal is given to Phalti














Then Abigail hurried
The Hebrew root for "hurried" is "מָהַר" (mahar), which conveys a sense of urgency and promptness. Abigail's quick action reflects her wisdom and discernment, recognizing the imminent danger posed by David's anger. Her haste is a testament to her proactive nature and her role as a peacemaker, emphasizing the importance of timely intervention in conflict resolution.

and took two hundred loaves of bread
Bread, in ancient Israel, was a staple of daily life, symbolizing sustenance and hospitality. The large quantity indicates Abigail's wealth and her willingness to use her resources to avert disaster. This act of generosity aligns with the biblical principle of using one's blessings to serve others, highlighting the virtue of selflessness.

two skins of wine
Wine, often associated with joy and celebration in the Bible, here serves a dual purpose: as a gift of goodwill and a means to soften David's heart. The use of "skins" for storage reflects the historical context of wine preservation in animal skins, a common practice in the ancient Near East.

five dressed sheep
Sheep were valuable assets in agrarian societies, representing wealth and provision. By offering dressed sheep, Abigail not only provides a meal but also demonstrates respect and honor towards David. This gesture underscores the biblical theme of reconciliation through sacrificial giving.

five seahs of roasted grain
A "seah" is a unit of measure, roughly equivalent to seven quarts or liters. Roasted grain was a nutritious and easily transportable food, often used in offerings. Abigail's inclusion of this item signifies her comprehensive approach to appeasing David, ensuring that all needs are met.

a hundred cakes of raisins
Raisins, made from dried grapes, were a sweet delicacy and a source of energy. The abundance of raisin cakes reflects Abigail's thoughtfulness in providing not just necessities but also comforts, illustrating the biblical principle of going above and beyond in acts of kindness.

and two hundred cakes of pressed figs
Pressed figs were another form of preserved fruit, valued for their sweetness and longevity. This offering highlights the cultural practice of using fruits as gifts, symbolizing prosperity and goodwill. Abigail's provision of figs complements her overall strategy of peace-making through generosity.

and loaded them on donkeys
Donkeys were essential for transportation in ancient times, known for their endurance and reliability. By loading the provisions on donkeys, Abigail ensures the swift and efficient delivery of her peace offering. This practical step reflects her strategic planning and commitment to resolving the conflict.

(18) Five measures.--The LXX. alter the measure into five ephahs, thinking the quantity in the text ridiculously small for such an host as followed David. Ewald too, would change 5 into 500; but the truth is that Abigail in her haste, thinking rightly that no time must be lost, as the danger was pressing, simply pro-provided a liberal present for David's own immediate followers, not for the whole force.

An hundred clusters of raisins.--That is, an hundred cakes of dried grapes--what in Italy is called "simmuki."

Verses 18-20. - Five measures of parched corn. The measure named here, the seah, contains about a peck and a half. As this seems little, Ewald reads 500 seahs, but probably it was regarded as a delicacy. Clusters of raisins. Rather, as in the margin, lumps of raisins. The bunches of grapes when dried were pressed into cakes. Sending her servants in front leading the asses which carried the present, she followed behind, and met David as she was coming down by the covert of the hill. Hebrew, "in secret of the hill," under cover of the hill, i.e. she met him as she was descending into some glen into which he had entered from the other end.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Abigail
אֲבִיגַ֡יִל (’ă·ḇî·ḡa·yil)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 26: Abigail -- 'my father is joy', two Israelite women

hurried
וַתְּמַהֵ֣ר (wat·tə·ma·hêr)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 4116: To be liquid, flow easily, to hurry, promptly

and took
וַתִּקַּח֩ (wat·tiq·qaḥ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 3947: To take

two hundred
מָאתַ֨יִם (mā·ṯa·yim)
Number - fd
Strong's 3967: A hundred

[loaves] of bread,
לֶ֜חֶם (le·ḥem)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3899: Food, bread, grain

two
וּשְׁנַ֣יִם (ū·šə·na·yim)
Conjunctive waw | Number - md
Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number)

skins
נִבְלֵי־ (niḇ·lê-)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 5035: A skin-bag for, liquids, a vase, a lyre

of wine,
יַ֗יִן (ya·yin)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3196: Wine, intoxication

five
וְחָמֵ֨שׁ (wə·ḥā·mêš)
Conjunctive waw | Number - feminine singular
Strong's 2568: Five

butchered
עֲשׂוּיֹת֙‪‬ (‘ă·śū·yōṯ)
Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine plural
Strong's 6213: To do, make

sheep,
צֹ֤אן (ṣōn)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 6629: Small cattle, sheep and goats, flock

five
וְחָמֵ֤שׁ (wə·ḥā·mêš)
Conjunctive waw | Number - feminine singular
Strong's 2568: Five

seahs
סְאִים֙ (sə·’îm)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 5429: A seah, certain measure, for, grain

of roasted grain,
קָלִ֔י (qā·lî)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7039: Roasted ears of grain

a hundred
וּמֵאָ֥ה (ū·mê·’āh)
Conjunctive waw | Number - feminine singular
Strong's 3967: A hundred

clusters of raisins,
צִמֻּקִ֖ים (ṣim·mu·qîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 6778: A cake of dried grapes

and two hundred
וּמָאתַ֣יִם (ū·mā·ṯa·yim)
Conjunctive waw | Number - fd
Strong's 3967: A hundred

cakes of figs.
דְּבֵלִ֑ים (də·ḇê·lîm)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 1690: A lump (of pressed figs), a pressed (fig) cake

She loaded
וַתָּ֖שֶׂם (wat·tā·śem)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 7760: Put -- to put, place, set

them on
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

donkeys
הַחֲמֹרִֽים׃ (ha·ḥă·mō·rîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 2543: A male ass


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OT History: 1 Samuel 25:18 Then Abigail made haste and took two (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa)
1 Samuel 25:17
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