1 Samuel 25:44
New International Version
But Saul had given his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to Paltiel son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

New Living Translation
Saul, meanwhile, had given his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to a man from Gallim named Palti son of Laish.

English Standard Version
Saul had given Michal his daughter, David’s wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was of Gallim.

Berean Standard Bible
But Saul had given his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to Palti son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

King James Bible
But Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Phalti the son of Laish, which was of Gallim.

New King James Version
But Saul had given Michal his daughter, David’s wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

New American Standard Bible
But Saul had given his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

NASB 1995
Now Saul had given Michal his daughter, David’s wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

NASB 1977
Now Saul had given Michal his daughter, David’s wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

Legacy Standard Bible
Now Saul had given Michal his daughter, David’s wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

Amplified Bible
But Saul had given Michal his [younger] daughter, David’s wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

Christian Standard Bible
But Saul gave his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to Palti son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
But Saul gave his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to Palti son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

American Standard Version
Now Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was of Gallim.

Contemporary English Version
Meanwhile, Saul had arranged for Michal to marry Palti the son of Laish, who came from the town of Gallim.

English Revised Version
Now Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Palti the Son of Laish, which was of Gallim.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Saul had given his daughter Michal, David's wife, to Palti, Laish's son, who was from Gallim.

Good News Translation
Meanwhile, Saul had given his daughter Michal, who had been David's wife, to Palti son of Laish, who was from the town of Gallim.

International Standard Version
Meanwhile, Saul had given his daughter Michal, David's wife, to Laish's son Palti from Gallim.

Majority Standard Bible
But Saul had given his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to Palti son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

NET Bible
(Now Saul had given his daughter Michal, David's wife, to Paltiel son of Laish, who was from Gallim.)

New Heart English Bible
Now Saul had given Mikal his daughter, David's wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was of Gallim.

Webster's Bible Translation
But Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Phalti the son of Laish, who was of Gallim.

World English Bible
Now Saul had given Michal his daughter, David’s wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was of Gallim.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and Saul gave his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to Phalti son of Laish, who [is] of Gallim.

Young's Literal Translation
and Saul gave Michal his daughter, wife to David, to Phalti son of Laish, who is of Gallim.

Smith's Literal Translation
And Saul gave Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Phalti, son of Laish, who was of Gallim.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
But Saul gave Michol his daughter, David's wife, to Phalti, the son of Lais, who was of Gallium.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Then Saul gave his daughter Michal, the wife of David, to Palti, the son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

New American Bible
But Saul gave David’s wife Michal, Saul’s own daughter, to Palti, son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

New Revised Standard Version
Saul had given his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to Palti son of Laish, who was from Gallim.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
But Saul had given Malchel his daughter, David's wife, to Phalti the son of Laish, who was of Gallim.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Shaul gave Malkil, his daughter, the wife of David, to Palti, son of Lish, who was from Galim
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Now Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was of Gallim.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And Saul gave Melchol his daughter, David's wife, to Phalti the son of Amis who was of Romma.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
David Marries Abigail
43David had also married Ahinoam of Jezreel. So she and Abigail were both his wives. 44But Saul had given his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to Palti son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

Cross References
2 Samuel 3:14-16
Then David sent messengers to say to Ish-bosheth son of Saul, “Give me back my wife, Michal, whom I betrothed to myself for a hundred Philistine foreskins.” / So Ish-bosheth sent and took Michal from her husband Paltiel son of Laish. / Her husband followed her, weeping all the way to Bahurim. Then Abner said to him, “Go back.” So he returned home.

2 Samuel 6:23
And Michal the daughter of Saul had no children to the day of her death.

2 Samuel 12:8
I gave your master’s house to you and your master’s wives into your arms. I gave you the house of Israel and Judah, and if that was not enough, I would have given you even more.

2 Samuel 16:21-22
Ahithophel replied, “Sleep with your father’s concubines, whom he has left to take care of the palace. When all Israel hears that you have become a stench to your father, then the hands of all who are with you will be strengthened.” / So they pitched a tent for Absalom on the roof, and he slept with his father’s concubines in the sight of all Israel.

1 Kings 2:22
King Solomon answered his mother, “Why do you request Abishag the Shunammite for Adonijah? Since he is my older brother, you might as well request the kingdom for him and for Abiathar the priest and for Joab son of Zeruiah!”

1 Kings 11:1-3
King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women along with the daughter of Pharaoh—women of Moab, Ammon, Edom, and Sidon, as well as Hittite women. / These women were from the nations about which the LORD had told the Israelites, “You must not intermarry with them, for surely they will turn your hearts after their gods.” Yet Solomon clung to these women in love. / He had seven hundred wives of royal birth and three hundred concubines—and his wives turned his heart away.

1 Kings 15:5
For David had done what was right in the eyes of the LORD and had not turned aside from anything the LORD commanded all the days of his life, except in the matter of Uriah the Hittite.

1 Chronicles 3:1-3
These were the sons of David who were born to him in Hebron: The firstborn was Amnon by Ahinoam of Jezreel; the second was Daniel by Abigail of Carmel; / the third was Absalom the son of Maacah daughter of King Talmai of Geshur; the fourth was Adonijah the son of Haggith; / the fifth was Shephatiah by Abital; and the sixth was Ithream by his wife Eglah.

1 Chronicles 8:33
Ner was the father of Kish, Kish was the father of Saul, and Saul was the father of Jonathan, Malchishua, Abinadab, and Esh-baal.

1 Chronicles 14:3
And David took more wives in Jerusalem and became the father of more sons and daughters.

Matthew 19:8-9
Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because of your hardness of heart. But it was not this way from the beginning. / Now I tell you that whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.”

Matthew 22:24-28
“Teacher,” they said, “Moses declared that if a man dies without having children, his brother is to marry the widow and raise up offspring for him. / Now there were seven brothers among us. The first one married and died without having children. So he left his wife to his brother. / The same thing happened to the second and third brothers, down to the seventh. ...

Mark 10:4-5
They answered, “Moses permitted a man to write his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away.” / But Jesus told them, “Moses wrote this commandment for you because of your hardness of heart.

Luke 16:18
Anyone who divorces his wife and marries another woman commits adultery, and he who marries a divorced woman commits adultery.

John 4:16-18
Jesus told her, “Go, call your husband and come back.” / “I have no husband,” the woman replied. Jesus said to her, “You are correct to say that you have no husband. / In fact, you have had five husbands, and the man you now have is not your husband. You have spoken truthfully.”


Treasury of Scripture

But Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Phalti the son of Laish, which was of Gallim.

But Saul.

Michal

1 Samuel 18:20,27
And Michal Saul's daughter loved David: and they told Saul, and the thing pleased him…

Phalti

2 Samuel 3:14,14
And David sent messengers to Ishbosheth Saul's son, saying, Deliver me my wife Michal, which I espoused to me for an hundred foreskins of the Philistines…

Phaltiel

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Daughter David David's Laish Michal Palti Paltiel Saul Wife
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Daughter David David's Laish Michal Palti Paltiel Saul Wife
1 Samuel 25
1. Samuel dies
2. David in Paran sends to Nabal
10. Provoked by Nabal's rudeness, he minds to destroy him
14. Abigail understanding thereof
18. takes a present
23. and by her wisdom
32. pacifies David
36. Nabal hearing thereof, dies
39. David takes Abigail and Ahinoam to be his wives
44. Michal is given to Phalti














But Saul
The conjunction "But" introduces a contrast or a shift in the narrative. Saul, the first king of Israel, is a complex figure whose reign is marked by disobedience to God and a deteriorating relationship with David. Saul's actions often reflect his jealousy and fear of David, who is anointed by God to be the next king. This context sets the stage for understanding Saul's motivations and the political dynamics at play.

had given
The phrase "had given" indicates a past action with ongoing implications. In ancient Israel, marriages were often arranged by the family head, and Saul's decision to give Michal to another man was a significant political and personal maneuver. This act underscores Saul's attempt to undermine David's claim to the throne and disrupt his personal life.

his daughter Michal
Michal, Saul's daughter, is a pivotal character in David's story. Her marriage to David initially symbolizes a political alliance, but it also involves genuine affection, as seen earlier in 1 Samuel. Michal's shifting loyalties and her role in the narrative highlight the personal cost of political machinations and the complex interplay of love, duty, and power.

David’s wife
Referring to Michal as "David’s wife" emphasizes the legitimacy of their marriage and the personal betrayal involved in Saul's actions. David, the anointed future king, is portrayed as a man after God's own heart, and his relationship with Michal is part of his broader narrative of trials and triumphs. This phrase underscores the tension between divine anointing and human interference.

to Palti son of Laish
Palti, also known as Paltiel, is introduced as Michal's new husband. His lineage, "son of Laish," provides a glimpse into his background, though little is known about him. This marriage, orchestrated by Saul, places Palti in a difficult position, caught between the king's orders and the moral implications of taking another man's wife. It reflects the broader theme of individuals being used as pawns in the political games of the powerful.

who was from Gallim
Gallim is a location mentioned in the Bible, though its exact site is uncertain. It is referenced in Isaiah 10:30, suggesting it was a place known to the original audience. The mention of Gallim situates the narrative in a real geographical context, grounding the account in the historical and cultural landscape of ancient Israel.

(44) Michal his daughter.--The marriage of the Princess Michal to Phalti (Michal, we read, "loved David," 1Samuel 18:20) had taken place probably some time before. This high-handed act showed on the part of Saul a fixed determination to break utterly and for ever with David. Phalti was presumably a chieftain whom Saul was desirous of attracting to his fortunes. But the story of Miehal does not end here. After King Saul's death, Abner, the uncle (or perhaps the cousin) of the late king, the well-known captain of his host, made overtures to David. David, however, only consented to a friendship with Abner if his young kins woman, the Princess Miehal, Saul's daughter, was taken away from Phalti, and restored to him as his wife. Abner, we read, complied with the condition, and Miehal was taken from Phaltiel--as he is called in the account of this transaction, contained in 2Samuel 3:13; 2Samuel 3:161Samuel 25:44 the second husband of David's wife is called Phalti, and in 2Samuel 3:15 he is called Phaltiel. Rabbi Jochanan said his name received that extension (el=God) to indicate that God had saved him from transgression. (The name Phalti being derived from the root palat--to cause to escape, Michal and Phalti never having lived together as man and wife.)--Treatise Sanhedrin, fol. 19, Colossians 2.

Once more the daughter of Saul appears in the sacred history. (See 2Samuel 6:20-23.) It was the greatest day in David's life--the Ark of the Covenant was being brought up with solemn pomp from its place of long exile in Kirjath-jearim to the new sacred capital of the loved king. One sad incident alone, we are told, marred the glories of the day. Michal, his wife, as Stanley thinks, in the proud, almost conservative, spirit of the older dynasty, not without a thought of her father's fallen house, looked on contemptuously as King David danced before the Ark with the priests, his royal robes thrown aside; and later in the day seems to have poured out before the king her scornful feelings. . . .

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
But Saul
וְשָׁא֗וּל (wə·šā·’ūl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 7586: Saul -- first king of Israel, also an Edomite and two Israelites

had given
נָתַ֛ן (nā·ṯan)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5414: To give, put, set

his daughter
בִּתּ֖וֹ (bit·tōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1323: A daughter

Michal,
מִיכַ֥ל (mî·ḵal)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 4324: Michal -- wife of David

David’s
דָּוִ֑ד (dā·wiḏ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1732: David -- perhaps 'beloved one', a son of Jesse

wife,
אֵ֣שֶׁת (’ê·šeṯ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

to Palti
לְפַלְטִ֥י (lə·p̄al·ṭî)
Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6406: Palti -- 'escape', two Israelites

son
בֶן־ (ḇen-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Laish,
לַ֖יִשׁ (la·yiš)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3919: Laish -- 'lion', a city and region in northern Canaan

who [was]
אֲשֶׁ֥ר (’ă·šer)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

from Gallim.
מִגַּלִּֽים׃ (mig·gal·lîm)
Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 1554: Gallim -- 'heaps', a place near Jerusalem


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OT History: 1 Samuel 25:44 Now Saul had given Michal his daughter (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa)
1 Samuel 25:43
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