2 Chronicles 25
Berean Study Bible

Amaziah Reigns in Judah

Amaziah was twenty-five years old when he became king,

He succeeded his father Joash as king of Judah at an age suited for active rule and military leadership. His accession continued the Davidic line in Jerusalem during a time when Judah remained vulnerable to both internal corruption and pressure from neighboring nations.

2Ki 18:2 He was twenty-five years old when he became king…
2Ki 15:33 He was twenty-five years old when he became king…
2Ch 27:1 Jotham was twenty-five years old when he became king,…

and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-nine years.

His long reign included victories over Edom, conflict with Israel, and a later decline brought on by pride and idolatry. Jerusalem remained the seat of his government and the center of worship at the temple.

2Ki 14:2 He was twenty-five years old when he became king,…
2Ch 29:1 Hezekiah was twenty-five years old when he became king…
1Ki 15:2 and he reigned in Jerusalem three years.…

His mother’s name was Jehoaddan; she was from Jerusalem.

Jehoaddan’s identification connects Amaziah’s family to the capital of Judah, where the royal house and temple worship shaped the life of the nation.

2Ki 15:2 He was sixteen years old when he became king,…
2Ch 26:3 Uzziah was sixteen years old when he became king,…
2Ki 22:1 Josiah was eight years old when he became king,…

And he did what was right in the eyes of the LORD,

Amaziah began his reign in obedience to God’s commands, maintaining the worship and standards expected of Judah’s king. His conduct outwardly aligned with the law of the LORD and brought a measure of order to the kingdom.

2Ki 18:3 And he did what was right in the eyes of the LORD,…
2Ki 22:2 And he did what was right in the eyes of the LORD…
2Ki 12:2 And Joash did what was right in the eyes of the LORD…

but not wholeheartedly.

His obedience lacked full devotion to God. Though he initially acted rightly, his loyalty proved divided, and after defeating Edom he later adopted the gods of the defeated people. Amaziah’s reign shows that outward reform cannot replace a heart fully committed to the LORD.

1Ki 11:4 For when Solomon grew old, his wives turned his heart…
Psa 78:37 Their hearts were disloyal to Him, and…
1Ch 28:9 As for you, Solomon my son, know the God of your father…

As soon as the kingdom was firmly in his grasp,

Amaziah first secured his authority over Judah, ensuring that the throne and military were firmly under his control before acting against those responsible for his father’s death.

2Ki 14:5 As soon as the kingdom was firmly in his grasp,…
1Ki 2:46 Then the king commanded Benaiah son of Jehoiada,…

Amaziah executed the servants

He brought judgment on the conspirators, both to avenge King Joash and to establish order at the beginning of his own reign.

2Sa 4:8-12 They brought the head of Ish-bosheth to David at Hebron…
1Ki 2:31-34 And the king replied, “Do just as he says.…

who had murdered his father the king.

Joash had been assassinated by his own officials after years of spiritual and political decline. Amaziah’s punishment of the murderers removed an immediate threat to the throne and upheld the king’s responsibility to administer justice.

2Ki 12:20-21 And the servants of Joash rose up and…
2Ch 24:25-26 And when the Arameans had withdrawn, they left Joash…

Yet he did not put their sons to death,

After executing the officials who had murdered his father Joash, Amaziah spared their children. Rather than removing entire families to secure his throne, he limited punishment to those personally guilty of the crime.

2Ki 14:6 Yet he did not put the sons of the murderers to death…
Num 26:11 However, the line of Korah did not die out.
Ezk 18:20 The soul who sins is the one who will die.…

but acted according to what is written in the Law,

His judgment followed God’s command rather than the practices of surrounding kingdoms, where relatives could be killed for another person’s offense.

Deu 17:18-20 When he is seated on his royal throne, he must write…
Jos 1:8 This Book of the Law must not depart from your mouth;…
2Ki 22:11 When the king heard the words of the Book of the Law,…

in the Book of Moses,

Israel’s covenant law provided the standard by which the king was to govern and administer justice.

Jos 8:31 just as Moses the servant of the LORD had commanded the Israelites. He built it according to what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses: “an altar of uncut stones on which no iron tool has been used.” And on it they offered burnt offerings to the LORD…
2Ch 34:14 While they were bringing out the money that had been taken…
Deu 31:24-26 When Moses had finished writing in a book…

where the LORD commanded:

The command carried God’s own authority and governed even the actions of the king.

Deu 4:14 At that time the LORD commanded me to teach you…
Deu 31:9-13 So Moses wrote down this law and gave it to the priests,…
Exo 24:12 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Come up to Me on the mountain…

“Fathers must not be put to death for their children, and children must not be put to death for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.”

Guilt and punishment belonged to the individual offender. Amaziah’s restraint upheld the justice required by the Law, though his later reign would reveal failures in his own obedience to the LORD.

Deu 24:16 Fathers shall not be put to death for their children,…
Ezk 18:2-4 What do you people mean by quoting this proverb…
Jer 31:29-30 In those days, it will no longer be said:…

Amaziah’s Victories

Then Amaziah gathered the people of Judah

Amaziah prepared Judah for war as tensions with Edom increased. As king, he bore responsibility for the defense of the southern kingdom.

2Ch 11:1 When Rehoboam arrived in Jerusalem, he mobilized…
1Ki 12:21 And when Rehoboam arrived in Jerusalem, …

and assigned them according to their families

The men were organized within the established family and tribal order, preserving accountability and unity among those called to serve.

Num 1:2 “Take a census of the whole congregation of Israel…
Num 26:2 Take a census of the whole congregation of Israel…
Num 1:18 and on the first day of the second month…

to commanders of thousands and of hundreds.

Judah’s army was arranged under recognized leaders so that a large force could be directed effectively in battle.

1Ch 27:1 This is the list of the Israelites—the heads of families…
Deu 1:15 So I took the leaders of your tribes, wise and respected…
Exo 18:21 Furthermore, select capable men from among the people…

And he numbered those twenty years of age or older

Men of military age were counted for service, reflecting the nation’s longstanding practice of requiring able-bodied adult men to defend the land.

Num 1:3 You and Aaron are to number those who are twenty years old…
Num 14:29 Your bodies will fall in this wilderness…
1Ch 27:23 David did not count the men aged twenty or under,…

throughout Judah and Benjamin

These were the tribes that remained loyal to David’s house after the kingdom divided, forming the kingdom of Judah.

2Ch 15:9 And he assembled all Judah and Benjamin, …
2Ch 11:12 He also put shields and spears in all the cities…

and found 300,000 chosen men

Amaziah had a substantial force of trained and capable soldiers available for the coming campaign.

2Ch 17:14 These are their numbers according to the houses…
2Ch 14:8 Asa had an army of 300,000 men from Judah…
2Ch 13:3 Abijah went into battle with an army of 400,000 chosen…

able to serve in the army, bearing the spear and shield.

They were equipped for close combat and defense, prepared to fight on behalf of Judah.

1Ch 12:8 Some Gadites defected to David at his stronghold…
Psa 35:2-3 Take up Your shield and buckler; arise and come to my aid.…
2Ch 26:14 Uzziah supplied the entire army with shields, spears,…

He also hired 100,000 mighty men of valor from Israel

Amaziah supplemented Judah’s army with seasoned soldiers from the northern kingdom. Though Israel and Judah remained divided politically and spiritually, Amaziah treated Israel’s troops as a practical military resource. His reliance on foreign forces, however, would prove contrary to God’s direction for Judah.

2Sa 10:6 When the Ammonites realized that they had become a stench…
1Ch 19:6 When the Ammonites realized that they had become a stench,…
1Ch 12:21 They helped David against the raiders, for they were all…

for a hundred talents of silver.

The payment represented a major expense from Judah’s treasury, showing Amaziah’s determination to secure a stronger army through wealth and human strength.

2Ki 23:33 And Pharaoh Neco imprisoned Jehoahaz at Riblah…
2Ki 15:19 Then Pul king of Assyria invaded the land,…
2Ki 18:14 So Hezekiah king of Judah sent word to the king of Assyria…

But a man of God came to him and said,

God sent an unnamed prophet to confront Amaziah’s military plans before Judah went to war. The king had hired soldiers from the northern kingdom, but the prophet brought God’s command against relying on them.

1Ki 13:1 Suddenly, as Jeroboam was standing beside the altar…
1Ki 20:28 Then the man of God approached the king of Israel…
2Ki 1:3 But the angel of the LORD said to Elijah, “Go up to meet…

“O king, do not let the army of Israel go with you,

Amaziah had enlisted one hundred thousand warriors from Israel for his campaign against Edom. Their military strength could not compensate for their nation’s rebellion against God.

2Ch 11:4 ‘You are not to go up and fight against your brothers.’…
1Ki 12:24 this is what the LORD says: ‘You are not to go up and fight…
2Ch 19:2 Jehu son of Hanani the seer went out to confront him…

for the LORD is not with Israel—

The northern kingdom had persisted in idolatry and false worship. God’s judgment on Israel meant that Judah could not expect His blessing through an alliance with its army.

Num 14:42 Do not go up, lest you be struck down by your enemies…
Jos 7:12 This is why the Israelites cannot stand…
1Sa 28:16 “Why do you consult me,” asked Samuel, “since the LORD”…

not with any of the Ephraimites.

Ephraim, the leading northern tribe, represented the kingdom of Israel as a whole. Its influence had become associated with the northern kingdom’s continued departure from the worship of the LORD.

Hos 4:17 Ephraim is joined to idols; leave him alone!
Hos 5:11 Ephraim is oppressed, crushed in judgment,…
Hos 9:3 They will not remain in the land of the LORD;…

Even if you go and fight bravely in battle,

Amaziah had assembled Judah’s army and hired 100,000 warriors from the northern kingdom of Israel for his campaign against Edom. A man of God warned him not to rely on these troops, since the Lord was not with Israel at that time. Courage, preparation, and military strength could not secure success apart from God’s approval.

2Ch 32:7-8 Be strong and courageous! Do not be afraid…
Deu 20:3-4 “Hear, O Israel, today you are going into battle…”…
1Sa 17:47 And all those assembled here will know that it is not…

God will overthrow you before the enemy,

If Amaziah proceeded with the Israelite mercenaries, his army would be defeated despite its size and readiness. The outcome of the campaign rested with God, not with Amaziah’s military resources or personal resolve.

Deu 28:25 The LORD will cause you to be defeated before your enemies.…
Lev 26:17 Those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee…
Jos 7:12 This is why the Israelites cannot stand…

for God has power to help and power to overthrow.”

God could give Judah victory over Edom if Amaziah obeyed, or bring defeat if he ignored the warning. His authority extends over kings, armies, and nations, granting help or bringing judgment according to His purpose.

1Sa 2:6-8 The LORD brings death and gives life; He brings down…
Psa 75:7 but it is God who judges; He brings down…
2Ch 14:11 Then Asa cried out to the LORD his God: “O LORD,…

Amaziah asked the man of God,

As he prepared for war against Edom, Amaziah received instruction from a prophet sent by God. The king had already hired soldiers from the northern kingdom, despite God’s warning that He was not with Israel.

2Ki 3:11 But Jehoshaphat asked, “Is there no prophet of the LORD…
2Ki 8:8 So the king said to Hazael, “Take a gift in your hand…
1Ki 22:7 But Jehoshaphat asked, “Is there not still a prophet…

“What should I do about the hundred talents I have given to the troops of Israel?”

Amaziah had paid a large sum to enlist one hundred thousand Israelite warriors. His concern showed that he was weighing the financial loss against obedience to God’s command.

2Ch 16:2-3 So Asa withdrew the silver and gold from the treasuries…
2Ki 16:7-8 So Ahaz sent messengers to Tiglath-pileser king of Assyria,…
2Ki 18:14-16 So Hezekiah king of Judah sent word to the king of Assyria…

And the man of God replied,

The prophet answered with the authority of God, directing Amaziah away from reliance on hired forces and toward trust in the Lord.

2Ki 3:14 Then Elisha said, “As surely as the LORD of Hosts lives,…
2Ki 19:6-7 who replied, “Tell your master that this is what the LORD…
1Ki 17:13-14 “Do not be afraid,” Elijah said to her…

“The LORD is able to give you much more than this.”

The money Amaziah would lose was insignificant compared with God’s power to provide victory and blessing. Obedience required him to dismiss the Israelite troops and leave the outcome in God’s hands.

Eph 3:20 Now to Him who is able to do immeasurably more than all…
1Ki 3:13 Moreover, I will give you what you did not request…
Job 42:10 After Job had prayed for his friends, the LORD restored…

So Amaziah dismissed the troops who had come to him from Ephraim

Amaziah had hired one hundred thousand warriors from Israel for his campaign against Edom, but a man of God warned him not to take them into battle because the Lord was not with Israel. Though he had already paid them, Amaziah chose to obey God rather than depend on a larger army.

Jdg 7:2-8 Then the LORD said to Gideon, “You have too many men…
Deu 20:5-8 Furthermore, the officers are to address the army,…
1Sa 29:4-7 But the commanders of the Philistines were angry with Achish…

and sent them home.

Sending them away cost Amaziah both money and military support, yet he trusted that God could give Judah victory without Israel’s assistance. The decision also exposed the strained relationship between Judah and the northern kingdom.

2Ki 14:10 You have indeed defeated Edom, and your heart…
1Ki 12:16-20 When all Israel saw that the king had refused to listen…

And they were furious with Judah

The Israelite soldiers lost the prospect of battle, plunder, and honor after being dismissed. Their anger reflected resentment toward Judah and the long-standing division between the two kingdoms.

2Sa 19:41-43 Soon all the men of Israel came to the king and asked,…
2Ch 10:16-19 When all Israel saw that the king had refused to listen……
Jdg 8:1-3 Then the men of Ephraim said to Gideon, …

and returned home in great anger.

Their resentment did not end with their departure. On their return, they attacked Judean towns, killing people and taking spoil, showing the danger created by the continuing hostility between Israel and Judah.

2Sa 20:1-2 Now a worthless man named Sheba son of Bichri, a Benjamite,…
Jdg 12:1-6 Then the men of Ephraim assembled and crossed the Jordan…

Amaziah, however, summoned his strength

Amaziah, king of Judah and son of Joash, prepared himself for decisive action after establishing his rule. His resolve led him to confront Edom, a long-standing rival descended from Esau.

1Sa 30:6 And David was greatly distressed because the people spoke…
2Ch 32:7-8 Be strong and courageous! Do not be afraid…
Jos 1:9 Have I not commanded you to be strong and courageous?…

and led his troops to the Valley of Salt,

He marched south to the Valley of Salt near the Dead Sea, a harsh but strategically important region on the border of Edom.

2Ki 14:7 Amaziah struck down 10,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt.…
2Sa 8:13 And David made a name for himself when he returned…
1Ch 18:12 Moreover, Abishai son of Zeruiah struck down…

where he struck down 10,000 men of Seir,

Amaziah’s army defeated 10,000 Edomite soldiers from the land of Seir, demonstrating Judah’s military strength and restoring control over territory contested between Judah and Edom.

1Ki 11:15-16 Earlier, when David was in Edom, Joab the commander…
Gen 36:8 So Esau (that is, Edom) settled in the area of Mount Seir.
Deu 2:4-5 You will pass through the territory of your brothers…

and the army of Judah also captured 10,000 men alive.

After defeating Edom in the Valley of Salt, Amaziah’s forces took a large number of prisoners from the people of Seir, the mountainous homeland of the Edomites, descendants of Esau. The victory demonstrated Judah’s military strength and God’s help in the campaign.

2Ki 14:7 Amaziah struck down 10,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt.…
Jos 10:16-18 Now the five kings had fled and hidden in the cave…
1Sa 15:8 He captured Agag king of Amalek alive, but devoted…

They took them to the top of a cliff

The captives were brought to a high rocky place, likely within Edomite territory. Such terrain offered natural strongholds and commanding positions in the region.

Luk 4:29 They got up, drove Him out of the town, and…
Mat 4:5 Then the devil took Him to the holy city…
2Ki 9:33 “Throw her down!” yelled Jehu. So they threw her down…

and threw them down so that all were dashed to pieces.

Judah’s soldiers put the prisoners to death with severe brutality. The account records the harsh judgment carried out against Edom, a longtime enemy of Judah, while also showing the violence common in ancient warfare.

2Ki 8:12 “Why is my lord weeping?” asked Hazael. ……
Nam 3:10 Yet she became an exile; she went into captivity.…
Hos 13:16 Samaria will bear her guilt because she has rebelled…

Meanwhile the troops that Amaziah had dismissed from battle

Amaziah had released the 100,000 Israelite mercenaries after a man of God warned that the Lord was not with Israel. Though Amaziah forfeited the money paid for their service, he obeyed God rather than relying on added military strength.

Jdg 7:3 Now, therefore, proclaim in the hearing of the men:…
Deu 20:8 Then the officers shall speak further to the army, saying,…
1Sa 29:4-7 But the commanders of the Philistines were angry with Achish…

raided the cities of Judah,

Angry over their dismissal and loss of expected spoils, the Israelite troops turned against Judah instead of returning peacefully home. Their attack exposed the continuing hostility between the divided kingdoms.

2Ch 28:18 The Philistines had also raided the cities…
1Sa 30:1-3 On the third day David and his men arrived in Ziklag,…
2Ch 12:4 He captured the fortified cities of Judah…

from Samaria to Beth-horon.

The raiders struck towns across Judah’s northern frontier, from the region of Samaria toward Beth-horon, a strategic area near the border between Israel and Judah.

Jos 16:3 Then it descended westward to the border of the Japhletites…
Jos 10:10-11 And the LORD threw them into confusion before Israel,…
1Ki 16:24 He bought the hill of Samaria from Shemer…

They struck down 3,000 people

The raid brought serious loss of life to Judah’s communities, showing the destructive consequences of Israel’s rebellion against God and aggression toward their brethren.

Exo 32:28 The Levites did as Moses commanded, and that day…
Jos 8:25-26 A total of twelve thousand men and women fell that day—…
Jdg 21:10 So the congregation sent 12,000 of their most valiant men…

and carried off a great deal of plunder.

The soldiers seized wealth and supplies from the towns they attacked, adding economic loss to the human cost of the raid.

2Ch 14:14-15 and attacked all the cities around Gerar,…
2Ch 20:25 Then Jehoshaphat and his people went to carry off…
1Sa 30:18-20 So David recovered everything the Amalekites had taken,…

Amaziah Rebuked for Idolatry

When Amaziah returned from the slaughter of the Edomites,

Amaziah had led Judah’s army against Edom and won a decisive victory. God had granted success after Amaziah dismissed the hired Israelite soldiers in obedience to His command.

2Ki 14:7 Amaziah struck down 10,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt.…
1Ch 18:12-13 Moreover, Abishai son of Zeruiah struck down…

he brought back the gods of the Seirites,

Instead of recognizing the Lord who had given Judah victory, Amaziah carried home the idols of the defeated Edomites from Mount Seir.

Deu 7:25-26 You must burn up the images of their gods; do not covet…
Deu 12:30-31 be careful not to be ensnared by their ways…

set them up as his own gods,

The king adopted gods that had proved powerless to save Edom, abandoning the exclusive worship the Lord required of Judah’s ruler.

1Ki 12:28-30 After seeking advice, the king made two golden calves…
Jdg 17:4-5 So he returned the silver to his mother…

bowed before them,

Amaziah personally gave honor and submission to these idols, turning from the God who had preserved him in battle.

Isa 44:17 From the rest he makes a god, his graven image.…
Exo 20:5 You shall not bow down to them or worship them;…

and burned sacrifices to them.

By offering sacrifices to foreign gods, Amaziah committed open idolatry and invited God’s judgment upon himself and the kingdom.

Psa 106:37-38 They sacrificed their sons and their daughters to demons.…
Deu 32:17 They sacrificed to demons, not to God, to newly arrived gods…

Therefore the anger of the LORD burned against Amaziah,

After defeating Edom, Amaziah brought home the gods of the people he had conquered and worshiped them. His actions rejected the LORD who had given Judah victory and violated the covenant demand that Israel serve no other gods.

1Ki 11:9-10 Now the LORD grew angry with Solomon, because his heart…
2Ki 17:18 So the LORD was very angry with Israel…
2Ch 24:18 They abandoned the house of the LORD…

and He sent him a prophet,

Rather than bringing immediate judgment, the LORD sent a messenger to confront Amaziah’s sin and call him to account.

2Sa 12:1 Then the LORD sent Nathan to David, and when he arrived,…
2Ch 24:19 Nevertheless, the LORD sent prophets to bring…
Jer 25:4 And the LORD has sent all His servants the prophets to you…

who said, “Why have you sought this people’s gods,

Amaziah had turned to gods belonging to a defeated nation, choosing idols over the God who had delivered him.

Jer 2:11-13 Has a nation ever changed its gods? (Yet they are not gods…)…
Deu 32:16-17 They provoked His jealousy with foreign gods;…
Jdg 10:13-14 But you have forsaken Me and served other gods,…

which could not deliver them from your hand?”

The Edomite gods had proved powerless to save their own worshipers. Amaziah’s idolatry was therefore both rebellious and irrational, dishonoring the LORD whose power had given him victory.

2Ki 18:33-35 Has the god of any nation ever delivered his land…
2Ki 19:18-19 They have cast their gods into the fire…
Psa 115:4-8 Their idols are silver and gold, made by the hands of men.…

While he was still speaking,

Amaziah cut off the prophet’s rebuke before it was finished, showing that he would not tolerate further correction concerning his idolatry.

Mat 17:5 While Peter was still speaking, a bright cloud enveloped…
Act 10:44 While Peter was still speaking these words, …
Luk 9:34 While Peter was speaking, a cloud appeared…

the king asked, “Have we made you the counselor to the king?

He dismissed the prophet’s authority and treated God’s warning as an unwanted intrusion into royal affairs.

Amo 7:12-13 And Amaziah said to Amos, “Go away, you seer!…
Jer 26:8-11 and as soon as he had finished telling all the people…
1Ki 22:8 The king of Israel answered, “There is still one man……

Stop! Why be struck down?”

Amaziah threatened the prophet with death, revealing the hardness of heart that had led him to adopt the gods of Edom.

1Ki 22:24-27 Then Zedekiah son of Chenaanah went up, struck Micaiah…
2Ch 24:21 But they conspired against Zechariah…
Jer 20:2 he had Jeremiah the prophet beaten and put in the stocks…

So the prophet stopped,

Having delivered God’s warning, the prophet did not continue against the king’s command.

Amo 7:16 Now, therefore, hear the word of the LORD. You say:…
Ezk 3:26-27 I will make your tongue stick to the roof of your mouth…
Luk 1:20 And now you will be silent and unable to speak…

but he said, “I know that God has determined to destroy you,

The prophet announced that Amaziah’s judgment was now certain. His military success over Edom had been followed by pride and apostasy, and God would bring his reign to ruin.

2Ch 22:7 Ahaziah’s downfall came from God when he went to visit…
1Ki 14:10-11 Because of all this, behold, I am bringing disaster……
1Ki 21:21-24 This is what the LORD says: ‘I will bring calamity…

because you have done this and have not heeded my advice.”

Amaziah’s worship of foreign gods and refusal to receive correction exposed his rejection of the Lord. His later defeat by Israel and death in a conspiracy would fulfill this judgment.

Jer 25:8-11 Therefore this is what the LORD of Hosts says:…
Pro 1:24-31 Because you refused my call, and no one took…
2Ch 36:15-16 Again and again the LORD, the God of their fathers,…

Jehoash Defeats Amaziah

Then Amaziah king of Judah took counsel

After defeating Edom, Amaziah sought advice before acting against Israel. His growing confidence and resentment over Israelite troops who had raided Judean towns after being dismissed likely contributed to his decision.

1Ki 12:6 Then King Rehoboam consulted with the elders…
2Ch 10:6 Then King Rehoboam consulted with the elders…
Pro 20:18 Set plans by consultation, and wage war…

and sent word to the king of Israel Jehoash son of Jehoahaz, the son of Jehu.

Jehoash ruled the northern kingdom and belonged to Jehu’s dynasty, which had replaced Ahab’s house in Israel. The two kingdoms remained divided and often hostile despite their shared ancestry and worship of the Lord.

2Ki 13:10 In the thirty-seventh year of the reign of Joash over Judah…
2Ki 13:1 In the twenty-third year of the reign of Joash…
2Ki 10:35 And Jehu rested with his fathers and was buried in Samaria,…

“Come, let us meet face to face,” he said.

Amaziah issued a challenge that amounted to a call for war. Rather than remaining content with his victory over Edom, he pursued a conflict with Israel that would soon bring humiliation and defeat to Judah.

2Ki 14:8 Then Amaziah sent messengers to the king of Israel…
2Sa 2:14 Then Abner said to Joab, “Let us have the young men…
1Sa 17:44 “Come here,” he called to David, “and I will give your flesh…

But Jehoash king of Israel replied to Amaziah king of Judah:

Jehoash, also called Joash, ruled the northern kingdom of Israel, while Amaziah ruled Judah from Jerusalem. After Amaziah defeated Edom, he challenged Israel, likely seeking to expand his influence. Jehoash answered with a warning meant to expose the imbalance between their kingdoms and discourage war.

2Ki 14:8-10 Then Amaziah sent messengers to the king of Israel…
1Ki 12:16-19 When all Israel saw that the king had refused to listen…

“A thistle in Lebanon sent a message to a cedar in Lebanon, saying,

Jehoash pictured Amaziah as a lowly thistle and himself as a towering cedar. The comparison rebuked Amaziah’s pride and portrayed his challenge as reckless after a limited military success.

Jdg 9:8-15 One day the trees set out to anoint a king for themselves.…
Ezk 17:3-10 this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘A great eagle…
Ezk 31:3-9 Look at Assyria, a cedar in Lebanon, with beautiful…

‘Give your daughter to my son in marriage.’

The imagined request treated the thistle as though it were equal to the cedar. Jehoash used the picture to show that Amaziah was demanding recognition and standing beyond what his strength justified.

2Ch 18:1 Now Jehoshaphat had an abundance of riches and honor,…
2Ki 8:18 And Jehoram walked in the ways of the kings of Israel,…
1Ki 3:1 Later, Solomon formed an alliance with Pharaoh…

Then a wild beast in Lebanon came along and trampled the thistle.

The wild beast represents the force that would crush Amaziah’s ambitions. Jehoash warned that Amaziah’s pride would lead to defeat, which occurred when Judah went to battle against Israel at Beth-shemesh.

2Ki 14:11-14 But Amaziah would not listen, so Jehoash king of Israel…
Ezk 31:12-14 Foreigners, the most ruthless of the nations,…
Dan 7:7-8 After this, as I watched in my vision in the night,…

You have said, ‘Look, I have defeated Edom,’

Amaziah had won a major victory over Edom, killing many of its soldiers and taking captives. Rather than recognizing God’s help, he allowed the triumph to feed his ambition and confidence.

2Ki 14:10 You have indeed defeated Edom, and your heart…
Pro 27:2 Let another praise you, and not your own mouth…
Jer 9:23-24 This is what the LORD says: “Let not the wise man…

and your heart has become proud and boastful.

His success produced arrogance instead of gratitude. Amaziah began to act as though his strength and military achievements gave him reason to challenge the northern kingdom.

Deu 8:14 then your heart will become proud, and you will forget…
Pro 16:18 Pride goes before destruction, and a haughty spirit…
Pro 18:12 Before his downfall a man’s heart is proud,…

Now stay at home.

Jehoash, king of Israel, warned Amaziah not to seek another war. Judah had no need to provoke Israel, and Amaziah would have been wiser to govern his own kingdom rather than pursue glory through conflict.

1Ki 12:24 this is what the LORD says: ‘You are not to go up and fight…
1Th 4:11 and to aspire to live quietly, to attend to your own matters…
Pro 20:3 It is honorable for a man to resolve a dispute,…

Why should you stir up trouble so that you fall—you and Judah with you?”

Jehoash warned that Amaziah’s pride would bring disaster upon both the king and his people. Amaziah refused the warning, marched against Israel, and Judah was defeated at Beth-shemesh.

Jos 22:20 Was not Achan son of Zerah unfaithful…
Pro 17:14 To start a quarrel is to release a flood;…
1Co 10:12 So the one who thinks he is standing firm……

But Amaziah would not listen,

Judah’s king had already been warned by a prophet after bringing Edomite idols into Judah. His refusal to receive correction revealed a hardened commitment to his own course.

2Ki 17:14 But they would not listen, and they stiffened their necks…
Jer 7:24 Yet they did not listen or incline their ear…
Pro 1:24-25 Because you refused my call, and no one took…

for this had come from God

The Lord sovereignly gave Amaziah over to the consequences of his rebellion. His defeat was not an accident of politics or military strength but divine judgment.

2Ch 10:15 So the king did not listen to the people…
1Ki 12:15 So the king did not listen to the people, …
Jhn 19:11 Jesus answered, “You would have no authority over Me”…

in order to deliver them into the hand of Jehoash,

Jehoash, king of Israel, became the instrument through whom God humbled Amaziah and Judah. The conflict between the divided kingdoms exposed Judah’s spiritual failure.

2Ki 14:11-14 But Amaziah would not listen, so Jehoash king of Israel…
Jdg 2:14 Then the anger of the LORD burned against Israel,…
Deu 28:25 The LORD will cause you to be defeated before your enemies.…

because they had sought the gods of Edom.

After defeating Edom, Amaziah adopted the gods of the people he had conquered. By forsaking exclusive devotion to the Lord, he brought judgment upon himself and his kingdom.

2Ch 28:23 He sacrificed to the gods of Damascus, who had…
Jer 2:11-13 Has a nation ever changed its gods? (Yet they are not gods…)…
Deu 32:16-17 They provoked His jealousy with foreign gods;…

So Jehoash king of Israel advanced,

Jehoash, also called Joash, ruled the northern kingdom of Israel during Amaziah’s reign in Judah. After Amaziah challenged him, Jehoash led Israel’s forces south to meet Judah in battle.

2Ki 14:11 But Amaziah would not listen, so Jehoash king of Israel…
2Ki 14:12-13 And Judah was routed before Israel, and…

and he and Amaziah king of Judah faced each other

Amaziah had acted proudly after his victory over Edom and refused Jehoash’s warning to remain at home. The two kings met in open conflict, bringing the divided kingdoms into war against one another.

2Ki 14:8 Then Amaziah sent messengers to the king of Israel…
2Sa 2:14-17 Then Abner said to Joab, “Let us have the young men…
1Ki 20:27-29 The Israelites also mobilized, gathered supplies…

at Beth-shemesh in Judah.

Beth-shemesh stood in Judah near the Philistine border and provided a strategic setting for the battle. There Judah was defeated, Amaziah was captured, and Jehoash later broke down part of Jerusalem’s wall and carried away treasures from the temple and palace.

Jos 15:10 The border curled westward from Baalah to Mount Seir…
Jos 21:16 Ain, Juttah, and Beth-shemesh—nine cities…
1Sa 6:12-15 And the cows headed straight up the road toward Beth-shemesh…

And Judah was routed before Israel,

Amaziah’s challenge to Jehoash ended in a decisive defeat at Beth-shemesh. Judah’s earlier victory over Edom had fostered pride in the king, and his refusal to heed God’s warning brought the judgment he had been told to expect. Israel, the northern kingdom, overcame Judah despite Judah’s larger confidence and military preparation.

2Ki 14:12 And Judah was routed before Israel, and…
Deu 28:25 The LORD will cause you to be defeated before your enemies.…
Lev 26:17 Those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee…

and every man fled to his own home.

Judah’s army broke apart and retreated without order, leaving Amaziah exposed to capture. The defeat brought shame upon Judah and demonstrated that military strength could not preserve a king who had turned from the Lord.

1Sa 4:10 So the Philistines fought, and Israel was defeated…
2Sa 18:17 They took Absalom, cast him into a large pit in the forest…
1Ki 22:36 As the sun was setting, the cry rang out in the army:…

There at Beth-shemesh,

Beth-shemesh stood in Judah near the Philistine border and was assigned to the Levites, Israel’s priestly tribe. Its position in the western foothills made it a natural setting for conflict between Judah and the northern kingdom.

2Ki 14:11 But Amaziah would not listen, so Jehoash king of Israel…
Jos 15:10 The border curled westward from Baalah to Mount Seir…
1Sa 6:12-13 And the cows headed straight up the road toward Beth-shemesh…

Jehoash king of Israel captured Amaziah king of Judah,

Amaziah had challenged Jehoash to battle despite Jehoash’s warning. Judah’s defeat exposed the destructive consequences of Amaziah’s pride and brought the Davidic king under Israel’s power.

2Ki 25:6-7 The Chaldeans seized the king and brought him up…
2Ki 14:14 He took all the gold and silver and all the articles…
2Ki 14:12 And Judah was routed before Israel, and…

the son of Joash, the son of Jehoahaz.

Amaziah belonged to the royal line of David through his father Joash and grandfather Jehoahaz. Though the dynasty continued, its kings remained accountable to God for their conduct.

2Ki 13:9-10 And Jehoahaz rested with his fathers and was buried…
2Ki 14:1 In the second year of the reign of Jehoash son of Jehoahaz…

Then Jehoash brought him to Jerusalem

Bringing the captive king to his own capital publicly demonstrated Israel’s victory and Judah’s humiliation.

Jdg 1:7 Then Adoni-bezek said, “Seventy kings…
1Sa 17:54 David took the head of the Philistine and brought it…

and broke down the wall of Jerusalem from the Ephraim Gate to the Corner Gate—

Jehoash damaged a major section of Jerusalem’s defenses, leaving the city exposed and showing that Judah could not resist him.

2Ki 25:10 And the whole army of the Chaldeans under…
Neh 1:3 And they told me, “The remnant who survived the exile…

a section of four hundred cubits.

The breach extended about six hundred feet, a substantial opening that marked the severity of Judah’s defeat.

2Ki 14:13 There at Beth-shemesh, Jehoash king of Israel captured…
Neh 3:13 The Valley Gate was repaired by Hanun and the residents…

He took all the gold and silver

Joash’s victory over Amaziah was marked by the seizure of Judah’s wealth, displaying Israel’s dominance and leaving Jerusalem weakened and humiliated.

2Ki 16:8 Ahaz also took the silver and gold found in the house…
1Ki 14:26 He seized the treasures of the house of the LORD…

and all the articles found in the house of God

Sacred vessels from the temple were carried away, adding religious disgrace to Judah’s military defeat.

2Ki 24:13 As the LORD had declared, Nebuchadnezzar also carried off…
Dan 1:2 He carried these off to the land of Shinar…

with Obed-edom

The temple treasures were apparently under the care of Obed-edom or his household, who served in responsibilities connected with the sanctuary.

2Sa 6:11 Thus the ark of the LORD remained in the house of Obed-edom…
1Ch 13:14 Thus the ark of God remained with the family of Obed-edom…

and in the treasuries of the royal palace,

Joash also stripped the royal treasury, diminishing Amaziah’s resources and authority.

2Ki 18:15 Hezekiah gave him all the silver that was found…
2Ki 20:17 The time will surely come when everything in your palace…

as well as some hostages.

Members of Judah’s leading families were taken to secure Amaziah’s submission and discourage further resistance.

Dan 1:3-6 Then the king ordered Ashpenaz, the chief of his court…
2Ki 24:10-12 At that time the servants of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon…

Then he returned to Samaria.

Joash returned to Israel’s capital with the spoils of war, having established his superiority over Judah.

2Ki 14:14 He took all the gold and silver and all the articles…
1Ki 20:43 Sullen and angry, the king of Israel went home to Samaria.

The Death of Amaziah

Amaziah son of Joash king of Judah

Amaziah, son of Joash, succeeded his father in the Davidic line and ruled Judah during a period of conflict with the northern kingdom.

2Ki 14:1 In the second year of the reign of Jehoash son of Jehoahaz…
2Ki 12:21 His servants Jozabad son of Shimeath and Jehozabad…
1Ch 3:11 Joram his son, Ahaziah his son, Joash his son,

lived for fifteen years

After Jehoash’s death, Amaziah continued to reign for fifteen years despite Judah’s humiliation in Jerusalem.

2Ki 14:17 Amaziah son of Joash king of Judah lived for fifteen years…
2Ki 14:2 He was twenty-five years old when he became king,…
2Ki 14:15 As for the rest of the acts of Jehoash…

after the death of Jehoash son of Jehoahaz king of Israel.

Jehoash had defeated Amaziah, captured him, and taken treasures from the temple and palace, but his death removed Israel’s immediate dominance over Judah.

2Ki 13:13 And Jehoash rested with his fathers, and Jeroboam succeeded…
2Ki 13:10 In the thirty-seventh year of the reign of Joash over Judah…
2Ki 13:12 As for the rest of the acts of Jehoash…

As for the rest of the acts of Amaziah,

Amaziah’s reign included early obedience in administering justice, military success against Edom, defeat by Israel, and later idolatry that brought judgment on Judah. His final years ended in conspiracy and assassination at Lachish.

2Ki 14:18 As for the rest of the acts of Amaziah…
2Ki 15:6 As for the rest of the acts of Azariah, along with…
2Ki 13:8 As for the rest of the acts of Jehoahaz,…

from beginning to end,

The record encompassed his reign from his accession after the death of Joash to his death at the hands of conspirators.

2Ch 12:15 Now the acts of Rehoboam, from first to last, …
2Ch 16:11 Now the acts of Asa, from beginning to end,…
1Ch 29:29 Now the acts of King David, from first to last,…

are they not written in the Book of the Kings of Judah and Israel?

The royal chronicles preserved a fuller account of the kings of both kingdoms and served as a historical record consulted by the biblical writer.

2Ch 20:34 As for the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat…
2Ki 21:17 As for the rest of the acts of Manasseh,…
1Ki 14:29 As for the rest of the acts of Rehoboam,…

From the time that Amaziah turned from following the LORD,

Amaziah’s earlier obedience had been incomplete, and his later apostasy brought his reign into open decline. Having rejected the LORD after his victory over Edom, he lost the spiritual and political stability that had marked the beginning of his rule.

2Ch 24:17-18 After the death of Jehoiada, however, the officials…
2Ch 15:2 So he went out to meet Asa and said to him,…
1Ki 11:9-11 Now the LORD grew angry with Solomon, because his heart…

a conspiracy was formed against him in Jerusalem,

Opposition arose within the capital, where his failures in war and unfaithfulness to God had undermined confidence in his leadership.

2Ki 14:19-20 And conspirators plotted against Amaziah in Jerusalem…
2Ch 24:25-26 And when the Arameans had withdrawn, they left Joash…
2Ki 21:23-24 Then the servants of Amon conspired against him…

and he fled to Lachish.

Lachish was one of Judah’s strongest fortified cities, but its defenses could not secure Amaziah’s throne or his life.

1Ki 11:40 Solomon therefore sought to kill Jeroboam.…
2Sa 15:14 And David said to all the servants with him in Jerusalem,…
1Ki 12:18-19 Then King Rehoboam sent out Adoram, who was in charge…

But men were sent after him to Lachish,

The conspirators pursued him beyond Jerusalem, determined to remove him permanently.

2Sa 3:26-27 As soon as Joab had left David, he sent messengers…
2Sa 17:1-4 Furthermore, Ahithophel said to Absalom,…
2Sa 20:6-7 And David said to Abishai, “Now Sheba the son of Bichri…

and they killed him there.

Amaziah’s assassination ended a reign weakened by rebellion against the LORD and conflict within Judah.

2Ki 9:27-28 When King Ahaziah of Judah saw this, he fled up the road……
2Ki 12:20-21 And the servants of Joash rose up and…
2Ki 15:10 Then Shallum son of Jabesh conspired against Zechariah,…

They carried him back on horses

After Amaziah was assassinated at Lachish, his body was returned to Jerusalem on horses. Though his reign ended in judgment and conspiracy, he was brought back to Judah for burial.

2Ki 14:20 They carried him back on horses and buried him in Jerusalem…
2Ki 23:30 From Megiddo his servants carried his body in a chariot…
2Ch 35:24 So his servants took him out of his chariot, …

and buried him with his fathers

Amaziah was laid in the royal burial place among the kings of David’s line, preserving his place within Judah’s royal house.

2Ki 9:28 Then his servants carried him by chariot to Jerusalem…
1Ki 14:31 And Rehoboam rested with his fathers and was buried…
2Ki 8:24 And Jehoram rested with his fathers in the City of David.…

in the City of Judah.

Jerusalem, the capital of Judah and seat of David’s dynasty, remained the burial city of its kings.

2Ch 27:9 And Jotham rested with his fathers and was buried.…
1Ki 11:43 And Solomon rested with his fathers and was buried…
2Ch 16:14 He was buried in the tomb that he had cut out for himself…

This is a draft of the Berean Study Bible. Please send all comments and recommendations to bereanstudybible@aol.com.



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