Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version With the dough the Israelites had brought from Egypt, they baked loaves of unleavened bread. The dough was without yeast because they had been driven out of Egypt and did not have time to prepare food for themselves. New Living Translation For bread they baked flat cakes from the dough without yeast they had brought from Egypt. It was made without yeast because the people were driven out of Egypt in such a hurry that they had no time to prepare the bread or other food. English Standard Version And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough that they had brought out of Egypt, for it was not leavened, because they were thrust out of Egypt and could not wait, nor had they prepared any provisions for themselves. Berean Standard Bible Since their dough had no leaven, the people baked what they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves. For when they had been driven out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared any provisions for themselves. Berean Literal Bible And they baked the dough that they brought out from Egypt, of unleavened cakes, for it was not leavened for they were driven out from Egypt and were not able to delay, and also they had not made provisions for themselves. King James Bible And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual. New King James Version And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they had brought out of Egypt; for it was not leavened, because they were driven out of Egypt and could not wait, nor had they prepared provisions for themselves. New American Standard Bible And they baked the dough which they had brought out of Egypt into cakes of unleavened bread. For it had no yeast, since they were driven out of Egypt and could not delay, nor had they prepared any provisions for themselves. NASB 1995 They baked the dough which they had brought out of Egypt into cakes of unleavened bread. For it had not become leavened, since they were driven out of Egypt and could not delay, nor had they prepared any provisions for themselves. NASB 1977 And they baked the dough which they had brought out of Egypt into cakes of unleavened bread. For it had not become leavened, since they were driven out of Egypt and could not delay, nor had they prepared any provisions for themselves. Legacy Standard Bible And they baked the dough which they had brought out of Egypt into cakes of unleavened bread. For it had not become leavened, since they were driven out of Egypt and could not delay, nor had they prepared any provisions for themselves. Amplified Bible And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought from Egypt; it was not leavened, since they were driven [quickly] from Egypt and could not delay, nor had they prepared any food for themselves. Berean Annotated Bible Since their dough had no leaven, the people baked what they had brought out of Egypt (land of bondage) into unleavened loaves. For when they had been driven out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared any provisions for themselves. Christian Standard Bible The people baked the dough they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves, since it had no yeast; for when they were driven out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared provisions for themselves. Holman Christian Standard Bible The people baked the dough they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves, since it had no yeast; for when they had been driven out of Egypt they could not delay and had not prepared any provisions for themselves. American Standard Version And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt; for it was not leavened, because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victuals. Contemporary English Version They left Egypt in such a hurry that they did not have time to prepare any food except the bread dough made without yeast. So they baked it and made thin bread. English Revised Version And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual. GOD'S WORD® Translation With the dough they had brought from Egypt, they baked round, flat bread. The dough hadn't risen because they'd been thrown out of Egypt and had no time to prepare food for the trip. Good News Translation They baked unleavened bread from the dough that they had brought out of Egypt, for they had been driven out of Egypt so suddenly that they did not have time to get their food ready or to prepare leavened dough. International Standard Version They baked the dough that they brought out of Egypt into thin cakes of unleavened bread. It had not been leavened because they were driven out of Egypt and could not wait, nor had they prepared provisions for themselves. NET Bible They baked cakes of bread without yeast using the dough they had brought from Egypt, for it was made without yeast--because they were thrust out of Egypt and were not able to delay, they could not prepare food for themselves either. New Heart English Bible They baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt; for it wasn't leavened, because they were thrust out of Egypt, and couldn't wait, neither had they prepared for themselves any food. Webster's Bible Translation And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought from Egypt, for it was not leavened: because they were driven from Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victuals. Majority Text Translations Majority Standard BibleSince their dough had no leaven, the people baked what they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves. For when they had been driven out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared any provisions for themselves. World English Bible They baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought out of Egypt; for it wasn’t leavened, because they were thrust out of Egypt, and couldn’t wait, and they had not prepared any food for themselves. Literal Translations Literal Standard VersionAnd they bake unleavened cakes with the dough which they have brought out from Egypt, for it has not fermented; for they have been cast out of Egypt, and have not been able to delay, and also they have not made provision for themselves. Berean Literal Bible And they baked the dough that they brought out from Egypt, of unleavened cakes, for it was not leavened for they were driven out from Egypt and were not able to delay, and also they had not made provisions for themselves. Young's Literal Translation And they bake with the dough which they have brought out from Egypt unleavened cakes, for it hath not fermented; for they have been cast out of Egypt, and have not been able to delay, and also provision they have not made for themselves. Smith's Literal Translation And they will cook the dough which they brought out of Egypt unleavened cakes, for it was not leavened; for they were driven out of Egypt, for they could not linger, and also they made not for themselves food. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleAnd they baked the meal, which a little before they had brought out of Egypt, in dough: and they made earth cakes unleavened: for it could not be leavened, the Egyptians pressing them to depart, and not suffering them to make any stay: neither did they think of preparing any meat. Catholic Public Domain Version And they baked the bread, which a little while ago they had taken out of Egypt as dough. And they made unleavened bread baked under ashes. For it was not able to be leavened, with the Egyptians compelling them to leave and not permitting them to cause any delay. Neither did they have occasion to prepare any meat. New American Bible The dough they had brought out of Egypt they baked into unleavened loaves. It was not leavened, because they had been driven out of Egypt and could not wait. They did not even prepare food for the journey. New Revised Standard Version They baked unleavened cakes of the dough that they had brought out of Egypt; it was not leavened, because they were driven out of Egypt and could not wait, nor had they prepared any provisions for themselves. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleAnd they baked on a griddle unleavened bread of the dough which they had brought forth out of the land of Egypt, for it was not leavened: because the Egyptians drove them out. and they could not make it into flat loaves, neither had they prepared for themselves any provisions for the journey. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated And they baked the dough that the Egyptians had brought them, flat unleavened cake, because it had not fermented, because the Egyptians brought them out and they could not be rolled upland also they had made no provisions for them. OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual. Brenton Septuagint Translation And they baked the dough which they brought out of Egypt, unleavened cakes, for it had not been leavened; for the Egyptians cast them out, and they could not remain, neither did they prepare provision for themselves for the journey. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context The Exodus Begins…38And a mixed multitude also went up with them, along with great droves of livestock, both flocks and herds. 39Since their dough had no leaven, the people baked what they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves. For when they had been driven out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared any provisions for themselves. 40Now the duration of the Israelites’ stay in Egypt was 430 years.… Cross References Since their dough had no leaven, Exodus 13:3 So Moses told the people, “Remember this day, the day you came out of Egypt, out of the house of slavery; for the LORD brought you out of it by the strength of His hand. And nothing leavened shall be eaten. Leviticus 2:11 No grain offering that you present to the LORD may be made with leaven, for you are not to burn any leaven or honey as a food offering to the LORD. 1 Corinthians 5:7-8 Get rid of the old leaven, that you may be a new unleavened batch, as you really are. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed. / Therefore let us keep the feast, not with the old bread, leavened with malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and of truth. the people baked what they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves. Joshua 5:11 The day after the Passover, on that very day, they ate unleavened bread and roasted grain from the produce of the land. Exodus 13:7 Unleavened bread shall be eaten during those seven days. Nothing leavened may be found among you, nor shall leaven be found anywhere within your borders. Leviticus 23:6 On the fifteenth day of the same month begins the Feast of Unleavened Bread to the LORD. For seven days you must eat unleavened bread. For when they had been driven out of Egypt, Exodus 11:1 Then the LORD said to Moses, “I will bring upon Pharaoh and Egypt one more plague. After that, he will allow you to leave this place. And when he lets you go, he will drive you out completely. Exodus 6:1 But the LORD said to Moses, “Now you will see what I will do to Pharaoh, for because of My mighty hand he will let the people go; because of My strong hand he will drive them out of his land.” Deuteronomy 26:8 Then the LORD brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm, with great terror, signs, and wonders. they could not delay Deuteronomy 16:3 You must not eat leavened bread with it; for seven days you are to eat with it unleavened bread, the bread of affliction, because you left the land of Egypt in haste—so that you may remember for the rest of your life the day you left the land of Egypt. Genesis 24:56 But he replied, “Do not delay me, since the LORD has made my journey a success. Send me on my way so that I may go to my master.” Psalm 119:60 I hurried without hesitating to keep Your commandments. and had not prepared any provisions for themselves. Mark 6:8 He instructed them to take nothing but a staff for the journey—no bread, no bag, no money in their belts— Luke 9:3 “Take nothing for the journey,” He told them, “no staff, no bag, no bread, no money, no second tunic. Matthew 10:9-10 Do not take along any gold or silver or copper in your belts. / Take no bag for the road, or second tunic, or sandals, or staff; for the worker is worthy of his provisions. Numbers 33:3-5 On the fifteenth day of the first month, on the day after the Passover, the Israelites set out from Rameses. They marched out defiantly in full view of all the Egyptians, / who were burying all their firstborn, whom the LORD had struck down among them; for the LORD had executed judgment against their gods. / The Israelites set out from Rameses and camped at Succoth. Treasury of Scripture And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual. thrust Exodus 12:33 And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We be all dead men. Exodus 6:1 Then the LORD said unto Moses, Now shalt thou see what I will do to Pharaoh: for with a strong hand shall he let them go, and with a strong hand shall he drive them out of his land. Exodus 11:1 And the LORD said unto Moses, Yet will I bring one plague more upon Pharaoh, and upon Egypt; afterwards he will let you go hence: when he shall let you go, he shall surely thrust you out hence altogether. Jump to Previous Able Baked Cakes Cast Couldn't Delay Dough Driven Egypt Fermented Food Forth Leavened Paste Prepared Provisions Quickly Ready Tarry Themselves Thrust Time Unleavened Victual Victuals Wait Wasn't YeastJump to Next Able Baked Cakes Cast Couldn't Delay Dough Driven Egypt Fermented Food Forth Leavened Paste Prepared Provisions Quickly Ready Tarry Themselves Thrust Time Unleavened Victual Victuals Wait Wasn't YeastExodus 12 1. The beginning of the year is changed3. The Passover is instituted 11. The import of the rite of the Passover 15. Unleavened bread 29. The firstborn are slain 31. The Israelites are driven out of the land 37. They come to Succoth 41. The time of their sojourning 43. The ordinance of the Passover Since their dough had no leaven In the context of the Exodus, leaven represents sin and corruption. The absence of leaven in the dough signifies purity and a break from the past life in Egypt, which was filled with idolatry and oppression. This unleavened bread, or matzah, becomes a symbol of the haste in which the Israelites left Egypt, as well as a reminder of their deliverance. The Feast of Unleavened Bread, which follows Passover, commemorates this event and is a time for the Israelites to reflect on their liberation and God's provision. the people baked what they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves For when they had been driven out of Egypt they could not delay and had not prepared any provisions for themselves Persons / Places / Events 1. IsraelitesThe descendants of Jacob, who were enslaved in Egypt and are now being led out by Moses under God's command. 2. Egypt The land where the Israelites were enslaved and from which they are now being delivered. 3. Unleavened Bread Bread made without yeast, symbolizing the haste of the Israelites' departure and later becoming a significant element in the Passover celebration. 4. Exodus The event of the Israelites' departure from Egypt, marking a pivotal moment in their history as God's chosen people. 5. Moses The leader chosen by God to deliver the Israelites from Egyptian bondage. Teaching Points Symbolism of Unleavened BreadUnleavened bread represents purity and separation from sin. Just as the Israelites left Egypt in haste, Christians are called to leave behind their old lives and embrace a new life in Christ without the "yeast" of sin. God's Deliverance The haste of the Israelites' departure underscores God's power and faithfulness in delivering His people. Believers can trust in God's timing and provision, even when circumstances require immediate action. Remembrance and Obedience The practice of eating unleavened bread during Passover serves as a reminder of God's deliverance. Christians are encouraged to remember God's past faithfulness as they face present challenges. Spiritual Readiness Just as the Israelites had to be ready to leave Egypt at a moment's notice, Christians should live in a state of spiritual readiness, prepared for Christ's return and the call to action in their daily lives. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of Exodus 12:39?2. How does Exodus 12:39 illustrate God's provision during the Israelites' exodus? 3. What does the unleavened bread symbolize in the context of Exodus 12:39? 4. How can we apply the urgency of Exodus 12:39 to our spiritual readiness? 5. What connections exist between Exodus 12:39 and Jesus as the Bread of Life? 6. How does the Israelites' haste in Exodus 12:39 reflect our need for obedience? 7. Why did the Israelites leave Egypt in such haste according to Exodus 12:39? 8. What is the significance of unleavened bread in Exodus 12:39? 9. How does Exodus 12:39 reflect God's provision for the Israelites? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from Exodus 12? 11. What does leaven symbolize in the Bible? 12. What is unleavened bread? 13. What are the Jewish feasts and festivals in the Bible? 14. What are the religious festivals mentioned in the Bible? What Does Exodus 12:39 Mean Since their dough had no leaven• “Leaven” often pictures permeation and influence; here it is literally absent because the people followed God’s command to clear it from their homes (Exodus 12:15–20). • The haste of the moment meant there was no time for the dough to rise (Exodus 12:34). • The future Feast of Unleavened Bread would forever remind Israel of this night and of God’s call to live distinctly (Exodus 13:6-7; 1 Corinthians 5:7-8). the people baked what they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves • What they carried on their shoulders (Exodus 12:34) became simple, flat “bread of affliction” (Deuteronomy 16:3), a tangible testimony that salvation is God’s work, not human craft or comfort. • By baking immediately, they acted in faith-filled obedience, turning what little they possessed into sustenance for the journey (Luke 16:10). • The unleavened loaves prefigure Christ, the sinless “bread of life” given for His people (John 6:35). For when they had been driven out of Egypt • Pharaoh’s earlier resistance crumbled after the Passover judgment; the Egyptians “urged the people to hurry and leave the land” (Exodus 12:33), fulfilling God’s promise to “compel” Pharaoh (Exodus 6:1). • The forceful expulsion underscores that redemption is entirely God-initiated; Israel did not negotiate freedom—God delivered it (Psalm 98:1). they could not delay and had not prepared any provisions for themselves • The lack of advance planning magnifies the immediacy of God’s timetable. When He says “move,” delay is disobedience (Genesis 19:15-16). • Their empty hands set the stage for God’s provision of manna soon after (Exodus 16:4), teaching dependence day by day (Matthew 6:11). • The scene demonstrates grace: rescue came first, preparation followed. God saves, then sustains (Ephesians 2:8-10). summary Exodus 12:39 shows Israel leaving with unleavened dough because deliverance came so swiftly they had no time to let bread rise or stock supplies. Their flat loaves memorialize God’s power, the need for readiness, and a life cleansed from the old leaven of Egypt. In every detail, the verse testifies that God acts decisively, His people respond obediently, and He faithfully provides for the journey ahead. (39) Unleavened cakes.--Such are commonly eaten by the Arabs, who make them by mixing flour with water, and attaching round pieces of the dough to the insides of their ovens after they have heated them.Verse 39. Unleavened cakes. Some of the modern Arabs make such cakes by simply mixing flour with water, and attaching flat circular pieces of the dough thus formed to the sides of their ovens after they have heated them. (Niebuhr, Description de l'Arabie,?. 45, and pl. 1, F.) Others put a lump of dough into the ashes of a wood fire, and cover it over with the embers for a short time (Layard, Nineveh and Babylon, p. 288). All Arab bread is unleavened. They were thrust out of Egypt. Compare ver. 33. CHAPTER 12:40-42 Hebrew Sinceכִּ֣י (kî) Conjunction Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction their dough הַבָּצֵ֜ק (hab·bā·ṣêq) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 1217: Dough (for cooking) had no לֹ֣א (lō) Adverb - Negative particle Strong's 3808: Not, no yeast, חָמֵ֑ץ (ḥā·mêṣ) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular Strong's 2556: To be pungent, in taste, in color the people baked וַיֹּאפ֨וּ (way·yō·p̄ū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural Strong's 644: To cook, to bake what they had brought הוֹצִ֧יאוּ (hō·w·ṣî·’ū) Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common plural Strong's 3318: To go, bring, out, direct and proxim out of Egypt מִמִּצְרַ֛יִם (mim·miṣ·ra·yim) Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 4714: Egypt -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their country in Northwest Africa into unleavened מַצּ֖וֹת (maṣ·ṣō·wṯ) Noun - feminine plural Strong's 4682: Sweetness, sweet, an unfermented cake, loaf, the festival of Passover loaves. עֻגֹ֥ת (‘u·ḡōṯ) Noun - feminine plural Strong's 5692: A disc or cake of bread For כִּֽי־ (kî-) Conjunction Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction when they had been driven out גֹרְשׁ֣וּ (ḡō·rə·šū) Verb - Pual - Perfect - third person common plural Strong's 1644: To drive out from a, possession, to expatriate, divorce of Egypt, מִמִּצְרַ֗יִם (mim·miṣ·ra·yim) Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 4714: Egypt -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their country in Northwest Africa they could יָֽכְלוּ֙ (yā·ḵə·lū) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural Strong's 3201: To be able, have power not וְלֹ֤א (wə·lō) Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle Strong's 3808: Not, no delay לְהִתְמַהְמֵ֔הַּ (lə·hiṯ·mah·mê·ah) Preposition-l | Verb - Hitpael - Infinitive construct Strong's 4102: To question, hesitate, to be reluctant and וְגַם־ (wə·ḡam-) Conjunctive waw | Conjunction Strong's 1571: Assemblage, also, even, yea, though, both, and had not לֹא־ (lō-) Adverb - Negative particle Strong's 3808: Not, no prepared עָשׂ֥וּ (‘ā·śū) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural Strong's 6213: To do, make any provisions צֵדָ֖ה (ṣê·ḏāh) Noun - feminine singular Strong's 6720: Provision, food for themselves. לָהֶֽם׃ (lā·hem) Preposition | third person masculine plural Strong's 0: 0 Links Exodus 12:39 NIVExodus 12:39 NLT Exodus 12:39 ESV Exodus 12:39 NASB Exodus 12:39 KJV Exodus 12:39 BibleApps.com Exodus 12:39 Biblia Paralela Exodus 12:39 Chinese Bible Exodus 12:39 French Bible Exodus 12:39 Catholic Bible OT Law: Exodus 12:39 They baked unleavened cakes of the dough (Exo. 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