Strong's Lexicon shabath: To cease, to rest, to desist Original Word: שָׁבַת Word Origin: A primitive root Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: - G4521 (sabbaton): Refers to the Sabbath, the seventh day of the week, a day of rest. - G2664 (katapauo): To cause to cease, to rest. Usage: The Hebrew verb "shabath" primarily means to cease or desist from work, to rest. It is most commonly associated with the Sabbath, a day of rest instituted by God. The term implies a cessation of activity, often for the purpose of rest or reflection. In the biblical context, it is used to describe God's rest after creation and the commanded rest for the Israelites on the seventh day. Cultural and Historical Background: In ancient Israelite culture, the concept of "shabath" was central to religious life. The Sabbath was a sign of the covenant between God and Israel, a day set apart for rest and worship. Observance of the Sabbath was a distinctive mark of Jewish identity and a reminder of God's creation and deliverance. The practice of resting on the seventh day was revolutionary in the ancient world, where continuous labor was the norm. It underscored the belief in a God who values rest and reflection. Brown-Driver-Briggs שָׁבַת71 verb cease, desist, rest (As šabâtu, probably cease, be completed DlWB ZimKAT 3. 593 (JenZA iv (1889), 277 f. is sceptical); Arabic  cut off, interrupt; Late Hebrew has שֶׁבֶת neglect, etc., Aramaic שִׁבְתָּא cost of nealect); — Qal27 Perfect3masculine singular ׳שׁ Genesis 2:3 +; 3 plural שָׁבָ֑תוּ Lamentations 5:14, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יִשְׁבּוֺת Hosea 7:4; יִשְׁבֹּת Proverbs 22:10 2t.; 3 feminine singular תִּשְׁבֹּת Leviticus 26:35; תִּשְׁבַּת Leviticus 26:34; Nehemiah 6:3 +, etc.; — 1 cease: (absolute 13 t.) of seasons Genesis 8:22 (J); manna Joshua 5:12 (P), etc., Isaiah 14:4 (twice in verse); Nehemiah 6:3 +; with מִן Hosea 7:4 3t. 2 desist from labour, rest: a. with מִן (of god) Genesis 2:2,3(P). b. מִן omitted, ב temporal Exodus 23:12 (E), Exodus 16:30; Exodus 34:21 (J), Exodus 31:17 (P); ׳בֶּחָרִישׁ וּבַקָּצִיר שׁ Exodus 34:21 (J; i.e., even in these busy seasons). c. land in 7th year Leviticus 26:34,35 (twice in verse) (H), 2Chronicles 36:21. — Leviticus 23:32; Leviticus 25:2 see [ שָׁבַת] verb denominative below Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular נִשְׁבַּת Isaiah 17:3 2t.; plural נִשְׁבְּתוּ Ezekiel 6:6; — cease: absolute Ezekiel 6:6; Ezekiel 30:18; Ezekiel 33:28; with מִן Isaiah 17:3. Hiph`il40 Perfect3masculine singular הִשְׁבִּית Ruth 4:14 +; 2 masculine singular הִשְׁבַּתָּ Psalm 89:45; Psalm 119:119, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יַשְׁבִּיתּ Proverbs 18:18; Daniel 9:27; וַיַּשְׁבֵּת 2 Kings 23:11; 2Chronicles 16:5, etc.; Infinitive construct הַשְׁבִּית Psalm 8:3; לַשְׁבִּית Amos 8:4 (Ges§ 53q); Imperative masculine plural הַשְׁבִּ֫יתוּ Isaiah 30:11; Participle מַשְׁבִּית Jeremiah 16:9; Psalm 46:10; — 1 cause to cease, put an end to: with accusative mirth Hosea 2:13, work 2Chronicles 16:5; Nehemiah 4:5; sacrifice Daniel 9:27; war Psalm 46:10, compare Isaiah 13:11; Ezekiel 7:24; Proverbs 18:18 6t., + קוֺל שָׂשׂוֺן מִן ׳הִשׁ Jeremiah 7:34; Jeremiah 16:9, compare Jeremiah 48:33. 2 = exterminate, destroy: with accusative 2 Kings 23:5,11; Amos 8:4 (Now conjectures העשׁקים), Hosea 1:4; Psalm 8:3; Psalm 119:119; with accusative + מִן, Jeremiah 36:29, מִן הָאָרֶץ Leviticus 26:6 (H), Ezekiel 34:25; אלילים Ezekiel 30:13; Deuteronomy 32:26. 3 cause to desist from: with מִן Ezekiel 16:41; Ezekiel 34:10; Exodus 5:5 (E = give rest from); לְבִלְתִּי infinitive Joshua 22:25 (P). 4 remove ( = מִן הֵסִיר): with מִן Ezekiel 23:27,48; Psalm 89:45 (text dubious: read הִשְׁבַּתּוֺ [ 3] ᵐ5 Du; מַטֵּה הֹדוֺ Herz Che, see also below טֳהָר); leaven מבתים Exodus 12:15 (P); מִמָּנֵינוּ ׳ישׂר ׳אֶחקֿ ׳הַשׁ Isaiah 30:11. 5 cause to fail, let be lacking: salt מֵעַל מִנְחָתֶ֑ךָ Leviticus 2:12 (P); accusative pers + ל person Jeremiah 48:35; Ruth 4:14. [שָׁבַת] verb denominative keep, observe (sabbath); — Qal, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb; Perfect3feminine singular וְשָֽׁבְתָה הָאָרֶץ ׳שַׁבָּת לי Leviticus 25:2; 2masculine plural מֵעֶרֶב עַדעֶֿרֶב תִּשְׁבְּתוּ שַׁבַּתְּכֶ֑ם Leviticus 23:32 (P). Strong's Exhaustive Concordance cause to, let, make to cease, celebrate, cause make to failA primitive root; to repose, i.e. Desist from exertion; used in many implied relations (causative, figurative or specific) -- (cause to, let, make to) cease, celebrate, cause (make) to fail, keep (sabbath), suffer to be lacking, leave, put away (down), (make to) rest, rid, still, take away. Forms and Transliterations אַשְׁבִּ֥יתָה אשביתה הִשְׁבִּ֥ית הִשְׁבַּ֔תִּי הִשְׁבַּ֙תִּי֙ הִשְׁבַּ֥תָּ הִשְׁבַּֽתִּי׃ הַשְׁבִּ֥יתוּ השבית השביתו השבת השבתי השבתי׃ וְ֝יִשְׁבֹּ֗ת וְהִ֨שְׁבַּתִּ֔י וְהִשְׁבִּ֣ית וְהִשְׁבִּ֤יתוּ וְהִשְׁבִּ֥ית וְהִשְׁבִּ֨ית וְהִשְׁבַּ֖תְנוּ וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֖י וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֞י וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֣י ׀ וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֤י וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֥י וְהִשְׁבַּתִּי֙ וְהִשְׁבַּתִּיךְ֙ וְהִשְׁבַּתִּים֙ וְהִשְׁבַּתֶּ֥ם וְלַשְׁבִּ֖ית וְנִשְׁבְּתוּ֙ וְנִשְׁבַּ֖ת וְנִשְׁבַּ֤ת וְנִשְׁבַּת־ וְשָׁבְתָ֣ה וַֽיִּשְׁבְּת֡וּ וַיִּשְׁבְּת֥וּ וַיִּשְׁבֹּ֨ת וַיִּשְׁבֹּת֙ וַיַּשְׁבֵּ֖ת וַיַּשְׁבֵּ֣ת והשבית והשביתו והשבתי והשבתיך והשבתים והשבתם והשבתנו וישבת וישבתו ולשבית ונשבת ונשבת־ ונשבתו ושבתה יִשְׁבְּת֗וּ יִשְׁבֹּֽתוּ׃ יִשְׁבּ֣וֹת יַשְׁבִּ֣ית יַשְׁבִּ֣ית ׀ ישבות ישבית ישבתו ישבתו׃ לְהַשְׁבִּ֥ית להשבית מַשְׁבִּ֜ית מַשְׁבִּ֥ית משבית שָׁבְתָ֖ה שָׁבְתָ֛ה שָׁבַ֖ת שָׁבַ֣ת שָׁבַת֙ שָׁבָ֔תָה שָׁבָ֔תוּ שבת שבתה שבתו תִּשְׁבְּת֖וּ תִּשְׁבַּ֣ת תִּשְׁבֹּ֑ת תִּשְׁבֹּֽת׃ תִשְׁבַּ֤ת תַּשְׁבִּ֥יתוּ תַשְׁבִּ֗ית תשבית תשביתו תשבת תשבת׃ תשבתו ’aš·bî·ṯāh ’ašbîṯāh ashBitah haš·bî·ṯū hašbîṯū hashBitu hiš·ba·tā hiš·bat·tî hiš·bîṯ hišbatā hišbattî hišbîṯ hishBata hishBatti hishBit lə·haš·bîṯ ləhašbîṯ lehashBit maš·bîṯ mašbîṯ mashBit šā·ḇā·ṯāh šā·ḇā·ṯū šā·ḇaṯ šā·ḇə·ṯāh šāḇaṯ šāḇāṯāh šāḇāṯū šāḇəṯāh shaVat shaVatah shaVatu shaveTah shavTah taš·bî·ṯū ṯaš·bîṯ ṯašbîṯ tašbîṯū tashBit tashBitu tiš·baṯ ṯiš·baṯ tiš·bə·ṯū tiš·bōṯ tišbaṯ ṯišbaṯ tišbəṯū tišbōṯ tishBat tishbeTu tishBot vaiyashBet vaiyishbeTu vaiyishBot vehishBatnu vehishbatTem vehishbatTi vehishbattiCh vehishbatTim vehishBit vehishBitu velashBit venishBat venishbeTu veshavTah veyishBot way·yaš·bêṯ way·yiš·bə·ṯū way·yiš·bōṯ wayyašbêṯ wayyišbəṯū wayyišbōṯ wə·hiš·baṯ·nū wə·hiš·bat·tem wə·hiš·bat·tî wə·hiš·bat·tîḵ wə·hiš·bat·tîm wə·hiš·bî·ṯū wə·hiš·bîṯ wə·laš·bîṯ wə·niš·baṯ wə·niš·baṯ- wə·niš·bə·ṯū wə·šā·ḇə·ṯāh wə·yiš·bōṯ wəhišbaṯnū wəhišbattem wəhišbattî wəhišbattîḵ wəhišbattîm wəhišbîṯ wəhišbîṯū wəlašbîṯ wənišbaṯ wənišbaṯ- wənišbəṯū wəšāḇəṯāh wəyišbōṯ yaš·bîṯ yašbîṯ yashBit yiš·bə·ṯū yiš·bō·ṯū yiš·bō·wṯ yišbəṯū yišbōṯū yišbōwṯ yishbeTu yishBot yishBotuLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Genesis 2:2 HEB: אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה וַיִּשְׁבֹּת֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י NAS: He had done, and He rested on the seventh KJV: which he had made; and he rested on the seventh INT: which had done rested day the seventh Genesis 2:3 Genesis 8:22 Exodus 5:5 Exodus 12:15 Exodus 16:30 Exodus 23:12 Exodus 31:17 Exodus 34:21 Exodus 34:21 Leviticus 2:13 Leviticus 23:32 Leviticus 25:2 Leviticus 26:6 Leviticus 26:34 Leviticus 26:35 Leviticus 26:35 Deuteronomy 32:26 Joshua 5:12 Joshua 22:25 Ruth 4:14 2 Kings 23:5 2 Kings 23:11 2 Chronicles 16:5 2 Chronicles 36:21 71 Occurrences |
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