The Plot to Kill Jesus
Luke 22:1-6 describes the chief priests and scribes seeking to kill Jesus, and Judas Iscariot's betrayal. This highlights the spiritual warfare and human sinfulness at play.

The Last Supper
In verses 7-23, Jesus institutes the Lord's Supper, symbolizing the New Covenant in His blood. This act fulfills Old Testament prophecy and establishes a new way for believers to remember His sacrifice.

Servant Leadership
Jesus teaches about true greatness in verses 24-30, emphasizing that leadership in His kingdom is marked by servanthood, not power.

Jesus' Prayer on the Mount of Olives
Verses 39-46 show Jesus' humanity and submission to the Father's will, as He prays for strength to endure the coming suffering.

Peter's Denial Foretold and Fulfilled
Jesus predicts Peter's denial in verses 31-34, and it is fulfilled in verses 54-62, illustrating human weakness and the need for divine grace.

Jesus' Arrest and Trial
The chapter concludes with Jesus' arrest and the beginning of His trial (verses 47-71), setting the stage for His ultimate sacrifice.Reflect on Betrayal and Forgiveness
Consider how Jesus responded to betrayal with love and forgiveness, and apply this to your own relationships.

Embrace Servanthood
Seek opportunities to serve others selflessly, following Jesus' example of leadership through service.

Commit to Prayer
Like Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane, prioritize prayer in times of trial, seeking God's strength and guidance.

Acknowledge Human Weakness
Recognize your own weaknesses and rely on God's grace, as Peter's story reminds us of the need for repentance and restoration.1. Jesus
Central figure in the chapter, Jesus is preparing for His impending crucifixion. He institutes the Lord's Supper and prays on the Mount of Olives. The name "Jesus" (Ἰησοῦς in Greek) is derived from the Hebrew name Yeshua, meaning "Yahweh is salvation."

2. Judas Iscariot
One of the twelve apostles, Judas agrees to betray Jesus to the chief priests and officers. His name "Judas" (Ἰούδας in Greek) is the Greek form of Judah, meaning "praised."

3. Peter
Also known as Simon Peter, he is one of Jesus' closest disciples. He vows to remain loyal to Jesus but later denies Him three times. The name "Peter" (Πέτρος in Greek) means "rock."

4. John
One of the twelve apostles, traditionally understood to be the "disciple whom Jesus loved." He is present at the Last Supper.

5. James
Another of the twelve apostles, often mentioned alongside his brother John. His name "James" (Ἰάκωβος in Greek) is equivalent to Jacob, meaning "supplanter."

6. The Chief Priests and Scribes
Religious leaders who conspire to arrest and kill Jesus. They are part of the Sanhedrin, the Jewish ruling council.

7. The Disciples
Refers collectively to the twelve apostles who follow Jesus and are present at the Last Supper.

8. The Servant of the High Priest
During Jesus' arrest, Peter cuts off the ear of this servant, whom John identifies as Malchus in his Gospel.

9. The Crowd
A group that comes to arrest Jesus, led by Judas. They are armed with swords and clubs.

10. The Officers of the Temple Guard
They assist in the arrest of Jesus and are part of the group that comes with Judas.

11. Pilate
Although not directly mentioned in Luke 22, he is the Roman governor to whom Jesus is brought after His arrest, as seen in the following chapter.

12. Herod
Also not directly mentioned in Luke 22, Herod Antipas is the ruler of Galilee who plays a role in Jesus' trial, as described later.1. Jerusalem
Jerusalem is the central location for the events in Luke 22. It is where the Passover is to be celebrated, and it holds significant religious importance as the city of David and the site of the Temple. The Greek term used is "Ἱεροσόλυμα" (Hierosolyma).

2. Mount of Olives
After the Last Supper, Jesus and His disciples go to the Mount of Olives. This location is significant as a place of prayer and prophecy. The Greek term is "Ὄρος τῶν Ἐλαιῶν" (Oros tōn Elaiōn).

3. Upper Room
While not explicitly named in Luke 22, the "upper room" is traditionally understood as the place where Jesus and His disciples shared the Last Supper. This room is prepared for the Passover meal. The Greek term for "upper room" is "ἀνώγεον" (anōgeon), though it is not directly used in this chapter.1. The Plot to Kill Jesus (Luke 22:1-2)
The chief priests and scribes seek a way to put Jesus to death, fearing the people's reaction. The Greek term "ζητοῦντες" (zētountes) indicates their active search for a solution.

2. Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus (Luke 22:3-6)
Satan enters Judas Iscariot, prompting him to conspire with the chief priests to betray Jesus. The Greek word "παραδιδόναι" (paradidonai) means to hand over or betray.

3. The Preparation for the Passover (Luke 22:7-13)
Jesus instructs Peter and John to prepare the Passover meal. The term "ἑτοιμάσατε" (hetoimasate) means to make ready or prepare.

4. The Last Supper (Luke 22:14-20)
Jesus shares the Passover meal with His disciples, instituting the Lord's Supper. The phrase "τοῦτο ποιεῖτε" (touto poieite) means "do this" in remembrance of Him.

5. The Dispute about Greatness (Luke 22:24-30)
The disciples argue about who among them is the greatest. Jesus teaches them about true greatness through service, using the Greek "διακονῶν" (diakonōn), meaning serving.

6. Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial (Luke 22:31-34)
Jesus warns Peter that he will deny Him three times before the rooster crows. The Greek "ἀπαρνήσῃ" (aparnēsē) means to deny or disown.

7. Instructions for the Time of Crisis (Luke 22:35-38)
Jesus advises His disciples to prepare for the coming challenges, indicating a shift from previous instructions.

8. Jesus Prays on the Mount of Olives (Luke 22:39-46)
Jesus prays earnestly, asking for the cup to be taken from Him, yet submits to the Father's will. The Greek "ἀγωνία" (agōnia) reflects His intense anguish.

9. The Betrayal and Arrest of Jesus (Luke 22:47-53)
Judas betrays Jesus with a kiss, leading to His arrest. The term "προδίδωσιν" (prodidosin) is used for betrayal.

10. Peter Denies Jesus (Luke 22:54-62)
Peter denies knowing Jesus three times, fulfilling Jesus' prediction. The Greek "ἠρνήσατο" (ērnēsato) is used for Peter's denial.

11. The Mocking and Beating of Jesus (Luke 22:63-65)
Jesus is mocked and beaten by those holding Him. The Greek "ἐμπαίζοντες" (empaizontes) means to mock or ridicule.

12. Jesus Before the Sanhedrin (Luke 22:66-71)
Jesus is brought before the council and questioned about His identity as the Son of God. The Greek "εἶπεν" (eipen) means He said or declared. Betrayal and Forgiveness
Matthew 6:14-15 emphasizes the importance of forgiving others as God forgives us.

Servant Leadership
Mark 10:43-45 reinforces the call to serve others as Jesus did.

Prayer in Trials
Philippians 4:6-7 encourages believers to pray and seek God's peace in difficult times.

Human Weakness and Grace
2 Corinthians 12:9-10 speaks to the sufficiency of God's grace in our weaknesses.Pray for the strength to forgive those who have wronged you, following Jesus' example.
Ask God to cultivate a servant's heart within you, enabling you to lead by serving others.
Seek God's guidance and peace through prayer, especially in challenging circumstances.
Confess your weaknesses to God and ask for His grace to overcome them, trusting in His power to restore and strengthen you.

1. How does Judas' betrayal of Jesus challenge your understanding of loyalty and trust?

2. How do you interpret the symbolism of the bread and wine in the Last Supper?

3. What lessons can you learn from Jesus' prediction of Peter's denial?

4. How does Jesus' prayer at the Mount of Olives demonstrate His submission to God's will?

5. How can Jesus' response to His arrest inspire us in moments of injustice?

6. In what ways can we identify with Peter's denial of Jesus?

7. How can you apply the lessons from Jesus' trial in your personal life?

8. How does this chapter deepen your understanding of Jesus' love and sacrifice?

9. How can we maintain faithfulness in situations that may lead us to deny our beliefs?

10. How does Jesus' healing of the high priest's servant speak to His character?

11. What can we learn from the disciples' struggle to stay awake during Jesus' prayer?

12. How can Jesus' responses to betrayal, denial, and trial shape our responses to similar situations?

13. In what ways does the plot to kill Jesus reflect the darkness of human sin?

14. What steps can we take to avoid spiritual betrayal as Judas did?

15. How can the reality of Jesus' suffering and sacrifice impact your daily life?

16. How does Peter's bitter remorse after his denial speak to our own experiences of regret?

17. How does Jesus' affirmation of His identity during His trial inspire your confession of faith?

18. How should the events of this chapter affect our communion practices today?

19. How can we apply Jesus' submission to God's will in our decision-making processes?

20. How can we cultivate a prayer life that emulates Jesus' fervent communication with the Father?