Jeremiah 6:28
New International Version
They are all hardened rebels, going about to slander. They are bronze and iron; they all act corruptly.

New Living Translation
They are the worst kind of rebel, full of slander. They are as hard as bronze and iron, and they lead others into corruption.

English Standard Version
They are all stubbornly rebellious, going about with slanders; they are bronze and iron; all of them act corruptly.

Berean Standard Bible
All are hardened rebels, walking around as slanderers. They are bronze and iron; all of them are corrupt.

King James Bible
They are all grievous revolters, walking with slanders: they are brass and iron; they are all corrupters.

New King James Version
They are all stubborn rebels, walking as slanderers. They are bronze and iron, They are all corrupters;

New American Standard Bible
All of them are stubbornly rebellious, Going about as a slanderer; They are bronze and iron. They are, all of them, corrupt.

NASB 1995
All of them are stubbornly rebellious, Going about as a talebearer. They are bronze and iron; They, all of them, are corrupt.

NASB 1977
All of them are stubbornly rebellious, Going about as a talebearer. They are bronze and iron; They, all of them, are corrupt.

Legacy Standard Bible
All of them are rebelliously stubborn, Going about as a slanderer. They are bronze and iron; They, all of them, are corrupt.

Amplified Bible
They are all the worst [kind] of [stiff-necked, godless] rebels, Going around spreading slander. They are [not gold and silver ore, but] bronze and iron; They are all corrupt.

Christian Standard Bible
All are stubborn rebels spreading slander. They are bronze and iron; all of them are corrupt.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
All are stubborn rebels spreading slander. They are bronze and iron; all of them are corrupt.

American Standard Version
They are all grievous revolters, going about with slanders; they are brass and iron: they all of them deal corruptly.

Contemporary English Version
And you'll find they are hard like bronze and iron. They are stubborn rebels, always spreading lies. *

English Revised Version
They are all grievous revolters, going about with slanders; they are brass and iron: they all of them deal corruptly.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
They are all vicious rebels. They go around slandering. They are all like bronze and iron. They corrupt themselves.

Good News Translation
They are all stubborn rebels, hard as bronze and iron. They are all corrupt, going around and spreading gossip.

International Standard Version
All of them are very rebellious, going around as slanderers. They're bronze and iron, and all of them are corrupt.

Majority Standard Bible
All are hardened rebels, walking around as slanderers. They are bronze and iron; all of them are corrupt.

NET Bible
I reported, "All of them are the most stubborn of rebels! They are as hard as bronze or iron. They go about telling lies. They all deal corruptly.

New Heart English Bible
"They are all grievous rebels, going about with slanders; they are bronze and iron: they all of them deal corruptly.

Webster's Bible Translation
They are all grievous revolters, walking with slanders: they are brass and iron; they are all corrupters.

World English Bible
They are all grievous rebels, going around to slander. They are bronze and iron. All of them deal corruptly.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
All of them are turned aside by apostates, "" Walking slanderously—bronze and iron, "" All of them are corrupters.

Young's Literal Translation
All of them are turned aside by apostates, Walking slanderously -- brass and iron, All of them are corrupters.

Smith's Literal Translation
They are all turning aside, degenerate shoots, going about tale-bearing: brass and iron, they are destroyers all of them.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
All of these princes go out of the way, they walk deceitfully, they are brass and iron: they are all corrupted.

Catholic Public Domain Version
All these leaders who are turning away and walking deceitfully, they are brass and iron; they have all been corrupted.

New American Bible
Arch-rebels are they all, dealers in slander, bronze and iron, all of them, destroyers they are.

New Revised Standard Version
They are all stubbornly rebellious, going about with slanders; they are bronze and iron, all of them act corruptly.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Their rulers are all rebellious, walking treacherously; like brass and iron, they are corruptible.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
All their rulers are rebels and they walk by treachery, and like brass and iron they all become corrupt
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
They are all grievous revolters, Going about with slanders; They are brass and iron; They all of them deal corruptly.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
They are all disobedient, walking perversely: they are brass and iron; they are all corrupted.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
An Invasion from the North
27“I have appointed you to examine My people like ore, so you may know and try their ways. 28All are hardened rebels, walking around as slanderers. They are bronze and iron; all of them are corrupt. 29The bellows blow fiercely, blasting away the lead with fire. The refining proceeds in vain, for the wicked are not purged.…

Cross References
Isaiah 48:4
For I knew that you are stubborn; your neck is iron and your forehead is bronze.

Ezekiel 22:18-22
“Son of man, the house of Israel has become dross to Me. All of them are copper, tin, iron, and lead inside the furnace; they are but the dross of silver. / Therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Because all of you have become dross, behold, I will gather you into Jerusalem. / Just as one gathers silver, copper, iron, lead, and tin into the furnace to melt with a fiery blast, so I will gather you in My anger and wrath, leave you there, and melt you. ...

Zechariah 7:11-12
But they refused to pay attention and turned a stubborn shoulder; they stopped up their ears from hearing. / They made their hearts like flint and would not listen to the law or to the words that the LORD of Hosts had sent by His Spirit through the earlier prophets. Therefore great anger came from the LORD of Hosts.

Psalm 58:3-4
The wicked are estranged from the womb; the liars go astray from birth. / Their venom is like the venom of a snake, like a cobra that shuts its ears,

Proverbs 17:3
A crucible for silver and a furnace for gold, but the LORD is the tester of hearts.

Isaiah 1:4
Alas, O sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, a brood of evildoers, children who act corruptly! They have forsaken the LORD; they have despised the Holy One of Israel and turned their backs on Him.

Hosea 4:16
For Israel is as obstinate as a stubborn heifer. Can the LORD now shepherd them like lambs in an open meadow?

Malachi 3:2-3
But who can endure the day of His coming? And who can stand when He appears? For He will be like a refiner’s fire, like a launderer’s soap. / And He will sit as a refiner and purifier of silver; He will purify the sons of Levi and refine them like gold and silver. Then they will present offerings to the LORD in righteousness.

Matthew 23:27-28
Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You are like whitewashed tombs, which look beautiful on the outside but on the inside are full of dead men’s bones and every kind of impurity. / In the same way, on the outside you appear to be righteous, but on the inside you are full of hypocrisy and wickedness.

Romans 3:10-12
As it is written: “There is no one righteous, not even one. / There is no one who understands, no one who seeks God. / All have turned away, they have together become worthless; there is no one who does good, not even one.”

2 Timothy 3:1-5
But understand this: In the last days terrible times will come. / For men will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, boastful, arrogant, abusive, disobedient to their parents, ungrateful, unholy, / unloving, unforgiving, slanderous, without self-control, brutal, without love of good, ...

Matthew 13:15
For this people’s heart has grown callous; they hardly hear with their ears, and they have closed their eyes. Otherwise they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their hearts, and turn, and I would heal them.’

Acts 7:51
You stiff-necked people with uncircumcised hearts and ears! You always resist the Holy Spirit, just as your fathers did.

2 Peter 2:14
Their eyes are full of adultery; their desire for sin is never satisfied; they seduce the unstable. They are accursed children with hearts trained in greed.

John 8:44
You belong to your father, the devil, and you want to carry out his desires. He was a murderer from the beginning, refusing to uphold the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks his native language, because he is a liar and the father of lies.


Treasury of Scripture

They are all grievous rebels, walking with slanders: they are brass and iron; they are all corrupters.

all grievous.

Jeremiah 5:23
But this people hath a revolting and a rebellious heart; they are revolted and gone.

Isaiah 1:5
Why should ye be stricken any more? ye will revolt more and more: the whole head is sick, and the whole heart faint.

Isaiah 31:6
Turn ye unto him from whom the children of Israel have deeply revolted.

walking.

Jeremiah 9:4
Take ye heed every one of his neighbour, and trust ye not in any brother: for every brother will utterly supplant, and every neighbour will walk with slanders.

Jeremiah 18:18
Then said they, Come, and let us devise devices against Jeremiah; for the law shall not perish from the priest, nor counsel from the wise, nor the word from the prophet. Come, and let us smite him with the tongue, and let us not give heed to any of his words.

Jeremiah 20:10
For I heard the defaming of many, fear on every side. Report, say they, and we will report it. All my familiars watched for my halting, saying, Peradventure he will be enticed, and we shall prevail against him, and we shall take our revenge on him.

they are brass.

Jeremiah 6:30
Reprobate silver shall men call them, because the LORD hath rejected them.

Ezekiel 22:18-22
Son of man, the house of Israel is to me become dross: all they are brass, and tin, and iron, and lead, in the midst of the furnace; they are even the dross of silver…

corrupters.

Isaiah 1:4
Ah sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, a seed of evildoers, children that are corrupters: they have forsaken the LORD, they have provoked the Holy One of Israel unto anger, they are gone away backward.

Revelation 11:18
And the nations were angry, and thy wrath is come, and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that thou shouldest give reward unto thy servants the prophets, and to the saints, and them that fear thy name, small and great; and shouldest destroy them which destroy the earth.

Revelation 19:2
For true and righteous are his judgments: for he hath judged the great whore, which did corrupt the earth with her fornication, and hath avenged the blood of his servants at her hand.

Jump to Previous
Act Apostates Brass Bronze Corrupt Corrupters Corruptly Deal Deceit False. Grievous Hardened Iron Rebellious Rebels Revolters Slander Slanderously Slanders Stories Stubbornly Talebearer Turned Walking Workers
Jump to Next
Act Apostates Brass Bronze Corrupt Corrupters Corruptly Deal Deceit False. Grievous Hardened Iron Rebellious Rebels Revolters Slander Slanderously Slanders Stories Stubbornly Talebearer Turned Walking Workers
Jeremiah 6
1. The enemies sent against Judah,
4. encourage themselves.
6. God sets them on work because of their sins.
9. The prophet laments the judgments of God because of their sins.
18. He proclaims God's wrath.
26. He calls the people to mourn for the judgment on their sins.














All are hardened rebels
The phrase "hardened rebels" in Hebrew is "סָרָרִים" (sarārîm), which conveys a sense of obstinacy and defiance against authority. In the context of Jeremiah, this rebellion is against God and His covenant. Historically, this reflects the period of Judah's spiritual decline, where the people persistently turned away from God's commandments. The imagery of being "hardened" suggests a deliberate and entrenched resistance, akin to a heart that has become callous and unyielding. This serves as a warning to remain vigilant in our faith, ensuring our hearts remain soft and receptive to God's guidance.

walking around as slanderers
The term "slanderers" in Hebrew is "רָכִיל" (rākîl), which refers to those who spread false reports or engage in gossip. This behavior is indicative of a society where truth is compromised, and relationships are fractured by deceit. In the ancient Near Eastern context, slander was not only a personal offense but a communal threat, undermining trust and unity. For believers today, this highlights the importance of integrity in speech and the destructive power of words when used carelessly or maliciously.

They are bronze and iron
The metaphor of "bronze and iron" suggests a lack of purity and value. Unlike gold or silver, which are precious and refined, bronze and iron are common and often associated with strength but also with impurity. In the prophetic literature, metals often symbolize the moral and spiritual state of a people. Here, it implies that the people of Judah have become spiritually dull and morally compromised. This serves as a call to self-examination, urging believers to seek refinement and purity in their walk with God.

all of them are corrupt
The word "corrupt" in Hebrew is "מַשְׁחִיתִים" (mashḥîtîm), meaning to destroy or ruin. This denotes a state of moral decay and ethical degradation. In Jeremiah's time, this corruption was evident in the widespread idolatry and injustice that plagued the nation. Theologically, it underscores the consequences of turning away from God's law and the inevitable decay that follows. For contemporary Christians, it is a reminder of the need for repentance and the transformative power of God's grace to restore and renew.

(28) Grievous revolters . . .--Literally, rebels of rebels, as a Hebraism for the worst type of rebellion.

Walking with slanders.--The phrase was a common one (Leviticus 19:16; Proverbs 11:13; Proverbs 20:19), and pointed to the restless eagerness of the tale-bearer to spread his falsehoods. (Comp. 1Timothy 5:13, "wandering about . . . idle tattlers.")

Brass and iron.--Base metals serving for vile uses, no gold or silver in them. The imagery, which carries on the thought of the previous verse, had been made familiar by Isaiah (Isaiah 1:22; Isaiah 1:25), and was reproduced afterwards by Ezekiel (Ezekiel 22:18-22) and Malachi (Malachi 3:3). . . .

Verse 28. - Grievous revolters; literally, rebels of rebels. Walking; rather, going about, as a peddler with his wares (so Proverbs 11:13; Proverbs 20:19; Leviticus 19:16). Jeremiah had good reason to specify this characteristic of his enemies (see Jeremiah 18:18). Brass and Iron; rather, copper and iron, in short, base metal,

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
All
כֻּלָּם֙ (kul·lām)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

are hardened
סֽוֹרְרִ֔ים (sō·wr·rîm)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 5637: To turn away, be refractory

rebels,
סָרֵ֣י (sā·rê)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct
Strong's 5493: To turn aside

walking around
הֹלְכֵ֥י (hō·lə·ḵê)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1980: To go, come, walk

as slanderers.
רָכִ֖יל (rā·ḵîl)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7400: A scandal-monger

They are bronze
נְחֹ֣שֶׁת (nə·ḥō·šeṯ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5178: Copper, something made of that metal, coin, a fetter, base

and iron;
וּבַרְזֶ֑ל (ū·ḇar·zel)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1270: Iron, an iron implement

all
כֻּלָּ֥ם (kul·lām)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

of them are corrupt.
מַשְׁחִיתִ֖ים (maš·ḥî·ṯîm)
Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 7843: Perhaps to go to ruin


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OT Prophets: Jeremiah 6:28 They are all grievous rebels going about (Jer.)
Jeremiah 6:27
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