Lexical Summary yadah: To give thanks, to praise, to confess Original Word: יָדָה Strong's Exhaustive Concordance cast out, make confession, praise, shoot, give thankful, A primitive root; used only as denominative from yad; literally, to use (i.e. Hold out) the hand; physically, to throw (a stone, an arrow) at or away; especially to revere or worship (with extended hands); intensively, to bemoan (by wringing the hands) -- cast (out), (make) confess(-ion), praise, shoot, (give) thank(-ful, -s, -sgiving). see HEBREW yad NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. root Definition to throw, cast NASB Translation confess (10), confessed (3), confesses (1), confessing (2), gave (1), gave praise (1), give you thanks (5), give thanks (59), giving praise (1), giving thanks (3), glorify (1), hymns of thanksgiving (1), making confession (1), placed (1), praise (17), shoot (1), thank (5), thanksgiving (1), throw down (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs [יָדָה] verb throw, cast (Arabic ![]() ![]() ![]() Hiph`il give thanks, confess (originally acknowledge ?) is commonly derived, perhaps from gestures accompanying the act, see Thes LagOr. ii. 22, yet connection uncertain; Aramaic Pa`el וַדֵּי, Aph`el אוֺדִּי confess, Qal Imperative יְדוּ אֶלֿ shoot (arrows) at Jeremiah 50:14 (read probably, with some Manuscripts יְרוּ). Pi`el Imperfect וַיַּדּוּ בִּי Lamentations 3:53 and they cast (stones) on me; Infinitive יַדּוֺת Zechariah 2:4 to cast down (the horns of the nations). Hiph`il (connection with ידה throw, obscure, yet see above) Perfect הוֺדוּ 1 Kings 8:33 3t.; הוֺדִינוּ Psalm 75:2 (twice in verse); Imperfect יְהוֺדֶה Nehemiah 11:17 (on form see Ges§ 53, R. 7); יוֺדֶה Psalm 6:6; 1singular suffix אֲהוֺדֶנּוּ Psalm 28:7 (Gesl.c.); אוֺדֶנּוּ Psalm 42:6; Psalm 42:12; Psalm 43:5; plural יוֺדוּ Psalm 99:3 6t.; suffix יְהוֺדוּךָ Psalm 45:18 (Gesl.c.); יוֺדֻךָ Psalm 49:19, etc. + 41 t. Imperfect; Imperative הוֺדוּ Isaiah 12:4 16t.; הֹדוּ Psalm 107:1; Infinitive הוֺדוֺת 1 Chronicles 25:3 11t.; הוֺדֹת Ezra 3:11; הֹדוֺת 1 Chronicles 16:7 4t. (see. Baer Psalm 92:2); Participle מוֺדֶה Proverbs 28:13; plural מוֺדִים 1 Chronicles 29:13; — 1 give thanks, laud, praise; a. with accusative (1) of men, Judah Genesis 49:8 (poetic play on name); Job (ironical) Job 40:14; the king Psalm 45:18; the rich Psalm 49:19; (2) of ׳י, Genesis 29:35 (J explanation name יהודה); elsewhere (mostly Psalms and Chronicles) of ritual worship (see LagOr. ii. 22 f.); object ׳שֵׁם בי Isaiah 25:1; Psalm 44:9; Psalm 54:8; Psalm 99:3; Psalm 138:2; Psalm 142:8; ׳מֶּלֶא י Psalm 89:6; יהוה Psalm 7:18; Psalm 9:2; Psalm 109:30; Psalm 111:1; יָהּ Psalm 118:10; suffix ךָ#NAME? Psalm 30:10; Psalm 30:13; Psalm 35:18; Psalm 43:4; Psalm 52:11; Psalm 67:4 (twice in verse); Psalm 67:6 (twice in verse); Psalm 71:22; Psalm 76:11; Psalm 88:11; Psalm 118:21,28; Psalm 119:7; Psalm 138:1; Psalm 139:14; Isaiah 38:18,19 (song of Hezekiah); — Psalm 42:6; Psalm 42:12; Psalm 43:5; מִשִּׁירִי אֲהוֺדֶנּוּ Psalm 28:7 with my song will I praise him; ׳אוֺדְךָ י I will praise thee ׳י 2 Samuel 22:50 = Psalm 18:50 = Psalm 108:4, Isaiah 12:1 (exilic hymn); אדני Psalm 57:10; Psalm 86:12, compare Psalm 138:4; Psalm 145:10. b. followed by לְ only of the ritual worship: ׳לְשֵׁם י Psalm 106:47 = 1 Chronicles 16:35; Psalm 122:4; Psalm 140:14; לְזֵכֶר קָדְשׁוֺ Psalm 30:5; Psalm 97:12; ׳לי 1 Chronicles 16:4,7,41; 1 Chronicles 23:30; 1 Chronicles 25:3; 2Chronicles 5:13; 7:6; 20:22; Psalm 33:2; Psalm 92:2; Psalm 105:1 = 1 Chronicles 16:8 = Isaiah 12:4; כי טוב ׳הודו לי give thanks to ׳י for he is good Psalm 106:1; Psalm 107:1; Psalm 118:1; Psalm 118:29; Psalm 136:1; 1 Chronicles 16:34; so Jeremiah 33:11 (followed by ׳אֶתיֿ); compare הוד(ו)ת2Chronicles 7:3; Ezra 3:11; חסדו ׳יודו לי Psalm 107:8; Psalm 107:15; Psalm 107:21; Psalm 107:31; לאלהים Nehemiah 12:46; Psalm 136:1; לאדני Psalm 136:3; לאל Psalm 136:26; suffixes referring to God: לְךָ Psalm 6:6; Psalm 79:13; Psalm 119:62; לוֺ Psalm 100:4; לך + אלהים Psalm 75:2 (twice in verse); 1 Chronicles 29:13; absolute 2Chronicles 31:2; Nehemiah 11:17; Nehemiah 12:24 all of the ritual worship. 2 confess, a. the name of God, "" שׁוּב, התחנן, התפלל, 1 Kings 8:33,35 2Chronicles 6:24,26. b. עֲלֵי פשׁע Psalm 32:5 ("" לֹא כִסִּיתִי); (פשׁעיו) מוֺדֶה וְעֹזֵב Proverbs 28:13 confessing and forsaking (his transgressions; opposed to מְכַסֶּה). Hithpa`el Perfect הִתְוַדָּה Leviticus 5:5; Leviticus 16:21; הִתְוַדּוּ Leviticus 26:40; Numbers 5:7; Imperfect1singular אֶתְוַדֶּה Daniel 9:4; plural יִתְוַדּוּ Nehemiah 9:2; Infinitive suffix הִתְוַדֹּתוֺ Ezra 10:1; Participle מִתְוַדֶּה Nehemiah 1:6; Daniel 9:20; plural מִתְוַדִּים2Chronicles 30:22; Nehemiah 9:3; — 1 confess, absolute Ezra 10:1; Nehemiah 9:3; Daniel 9:4; with accusative עָוֺן Leviticus 16:21 (P), Leviticus 26:40 (H); חטאת Numbers 5:7 (P), Daniel 9:20; אֲשֶׁר חָטָא Leviticus 5:5 (P); עַל חטאות Nehemiah 1:6; Nehemiah 9:2. 2 give thanks, ליהוה, in the ritual worship 2 Chronicles 30:22. יָדָה (yāḏâ) unites verbal acclaim with a physical act. The root picture is an open hand that “throws” praise or confession toward its object. Whether lifted in worship, stretched over a sacrifice, or extended toward another person, the hand embodies public declaration. Thus yāḏâ moves between two poles—joyful thanksgiving and humble confession—but never in silence. Birth of Judah and Covenant Hope The first occurrence sets the theological tone: “This time I will praise the LORD. So she named him Judah” (Genesis 29:35). Judah’s very name carries yāḏâ. The tribe that would bear the scepter (Genesis 49:10) and bring forth Messiah is anchored in praise. The chronic refrain of Judah’s kings—“Hezekiah… ordered the Levites to sing praise to the LORD” (2 Chronicles 29:30)—echoes Leah’s naming act and anticipates the Lion of Judah whose followers are “a people for God’s own possession, to proclaim the virtues of Him who called” (1 Peter 2:9). Praise and Thanksgiving in Corporate Worship 1. Levitical ministry: David “appointed some of the Levites to minister before the ark… to thank (yāḏâ) and praise the LORD” (1 Chronicles 16:4). From that day forward, the Levitical choir institutionalized yāḏâ with cymbals, stringed instruments, and unified voices (1 Chronicles 25:3; 2 Chronicles 5:13). Yāḏâ in the Psalms Roughly half of the occurrences cluster in Psalms, giving vocabulary to every facet of devotion: Confession and Atonement When the hand is laid upon sin offerings, yāḏâ shifts from praise to penitence. Public, verbal confession is indispensable to reconciliation with God and neighbor. Songs of Deliverance and Kingship Following military victory or divine rescue, Israel voiced yāḏâ: Relationship to Sacrifice of Thanksgiving (Todah) The noun תּוֹדָה (todah) grows from the same stem. A todah offering fused confession, testimony, and communal meal (Leviticus 7:12‐15; Psalm 116:17). Jonah vowed, “With the voice of thanksgiving (todah) I will sacrifice to You” (Jonah 2:9), illustrating that even from the depths, yāḏâ finds expression. Post-Exilic and Messianic Resonance Jeremiah foresaw a future in which “out of them will come thanksgiving (todah) and the sound of rejoicing” (Jeremiah 30:19). Zechariah anticipated nations grasping the hem of a Jew to seek the LORD (Zechariah 8:23), echoing the missionary thrust of Psalm 18:49. In the New Covenant, the Greek verbs homologeō (confess) and eucharisteō (give thanks) mirror the two primary shades of yāḏâ, revealing continuity between Testaments. Practical Ministry Implications • Worship leaders should engage both heart and body, encouraging visible, audible thanksgiving. Representative Passages by Theme Thanksgiving/Praise: Genesis 29:35; 1 Chronicles 16:4; 2 Chronicles 5:13; Psalm 30:4; Psalm 92:1; Psalm 100:4; Psalm 136:1. Confession of Sin: Leviticus 5:5; Leviticus 16:21; Numbers 5:7; Ezra 10:1; Psalm 32:5; Daniel 9:4. Deliverance/Testimony: 2 Samuel 22:50; Psalm 107:8, 15, 21, 31; Isaiah 12:4. Musical Worship: 1 Chronicles 23:30; 2 Chronicles 29:30; Nehemiah 12:46. Prophetic/Future Hope: Jeremiah 33:11; Jonah 2:9. Summary Across covenant eras yāḏâ binds Israel’s history with the Church’s calling: hands lifted in grateful praise, hearts laid bare in sincere confession, voices publishing God’s steadfast love to all nations until every knee bows and every tongue confesses that Jesus Christ is Lord. Englishman's Concordance Genesis 29:35 HEB: וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַפַּ֙עַם֙ אוֹדֶ֣ה אֶת־ יְהוָ֔ה NAS: This time I will praise the LORD. KJV: Now will I praise the LORD: INT: and said This will praise the LORD and Genesis 49:8 Leviticus 5:5 Leviticus 16:21 Leviticus 26:40 Numbers 5:7 2 Samuel 22:50 1 Kings 8:33 1 Kings 8:35 1 Chronicles 16:4 1 Chronicles 16:7 1 Chronicles 16:8 1 Chronicles 16:34 1 Chronicles 16:35 1 Chronicles 16:41 1 Chronicles 23:30 1 Chronicles 25:3 1 Chronicles 29:13 2 Chronicles 5:13 2 Chronicles 6:24 2 Chronicles 6:26 2 Chronicles 7:3 2 Chronicles 7:6 2 Chronicles 20:21 2 Chronicles 30:22 114 Occurrences |