Luke 4:31
New International Version
Then he went down to Capernaum, a town in Galilee, and on the Sabbath he taught the people.

New Living Translation
Then Jesus went to Capernaum, a town in Galilee, and taught there in the synagogue every Sabbath day.

English Standard Version
And he went down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. And he was teaching them on the Sabbath,

Berean Standard Bible
Then He went down to Capernaum, a town in Galilee, and on the Sabbath He began to teach the people.

Berean Literal Bible
And He went down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. And He was teaching them on the Sabbaths;

King James Bible
And came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and taught them on the sabbath days.

New King James Version
Then He went down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and was teaching them on the Sabbaths.

New American Standard Bible
And He came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee; and He was teaching them on the Sabbath;

NASB 1995
And He came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and He was teaching them on the Sabbath;

NASB 1977
And He came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. And He was teaching them on the Sabbath;

Legacy Standard Bible
And He came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and He was teaching them on the Sabbath;

Amplified Bible
Then He came down [from the hills of Nazareth] to Capernaum, a city of Galilee [on the shore of the sea], and He was teaching them on the Sabbath;

Christian Standard Bible
Then he went down to Capernaum, a town in Galilee, and was teaching them on the Sabbath.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Then He went down to Capernaum, a town in Galilee, and was teaching them on the Sabbath.

American Standard Version
And he came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. And he was teaching them on the sabbath day:

Contemporary English Version
Jesus went to the town of Capernaum in Galilee and taught the people on the Sabbath.

English Revised Version
And he came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. And he was teaching them on the sabbath day:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Jesus went to Capernaum, a city in Galilee, and taught them on a day of worship.

Good News Translation
Then Jesus went to Capernaum, a town in Galilee, where he taught the people on the Sabbath.

International Standard Version
Then Jesus went down to Capernaum, a city in Galilee, and began teaching the people on Sabbath days.

Majority Standard Bible
Then He went down to Capernaum, a town in Galilee, and on the Sabbath He began to teach the people.

NET Bible
So he went down to Capernaum, a town in Galilee, and on the Sabbath he began to teach the people.

New Heart English Bible
He came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. He was teaching them on the Sabbath day,

Webster's Bible Translation
And came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and taught them on the sabbath-days.

Weymouth New Testament
So He came down to Capernaum, a town in Galilee, where He frequently taught the people on the Sabbath days.

World English Bible
He came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. He was teaching them on the Sabbath day,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And He came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and was teaching them on the Sabbaths,

Berean Literal Bible
And He went down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. And He was teaching them on the Sabbaths;

Young's Literal Translation
And he came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and was teaching them on the sabbaths,

Smith's Literal Translation
And he came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and he was teaching them on the sabbaths.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And he went down into Capharnaum, a city of Galilee, and there he taught them on the sabbath days.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And he descended to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. And there he taught them on the Sabbaths.

New American Bible
Jesus then went down to Capernaum, a town of Galilee. He taught them on the sabbath,

New Revised Standard Version
He went down to Capernaum, a city in Galilee, and was teaching them on the sabbath.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And he went down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and he taught them on the sabbaths.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And he went down to Kapernahum, a city of Galilee, and he was teaching them on the Sabbath.
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
And he went down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. And he was teaching them on the sabbath-days.

Godbey New Testament
And He came down into Capernaum, a city of Galilee, And He was teaching them on the Sabbath.

Haweis New Testament
And he came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and was teaching them on the sabbath.

Mace New Testament
At length he went to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and taught them on the sabbath-days.

Weymouth New Testament
So He came down to Capernaum, a town in Galilee, where He frequently taught the people on the Sabbath days.

Worrell New Testament
And He came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee; and He was teaching them on the sabbath;

Worsley New Testament
And He came down to Capernaum a city of Galilee, and taught them on the sabbath-days,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Jesus Expels an Unclean Spirit
30But Jesus passed through the crowd and went on His way. 31Then He went down to Capernaum, a town in Galilee, and on the Sabbath He began to teach the people. 32They were astonished at His teaching, because His message had authority.…

Cross References
Matthew 4:13
Leaving Nazareth, He went and lived in Capernaum, which is by the sea in the region of Zebulun and Naphtali,

Mark 1:21-28
Then Jesus and His companions went to Capernaum, and right away Jesus entered the synagogue on the Sabbath and began to teach. / The people were astonished at His teaching, because He taught as one who had authority, and not as the scribes. / Suddenly a man with an unclean spirit cried out in the synagogue: ...

John 6:59
Jesus said this while teaching in the synagogue in Capernaum.

Matthew 7:28-29
When Jesus had finished saying these things, the crowds were astonished at His teaching, / because He taught as one who had authority, and not as their scribes.

Mark 6:2
When the Sabbath came, He began to teach in the synagogue, and many who heard Him were astonished. “Where did this man get these ideas?” they asked. “What is this wisdom He has been given? And how can He perform such miracles?

John 7:14-15
About halfway through the feast, Jesus went up to the temple courts and began to teach. / The Jews were amazed and asked, “How did this man attain such learning without having studied?”

Matthew 13:54
Coming to His hometown, He taught the people in their synagogue, and they were astonished. “Where did this man get such wisdom and miraculous powers?” they asked.

Mark 1:39
So He went throughout Galilee, preaching in their synagogues and driving out demons.

John 18:20
“I have spoken openly to the world,” Jesus answered. “I always taught in the synagogues and at the temple, where all the Jews come together. I said nothing in secret.

Matthew 9:35
Jesus went through all the towns and villages, teaching in their synagogues, preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing every disease and sickness.

Mark 3:1-2
Once again Jesus entered the synagogue, and a man with a withered hand was there. / In order to accuse Jesus, they were watching to see if He would heal on the Sabbath.

Isaiah 9:1-2
Nevertheless, there will be no more gloom for those in distress. In the past He humbled the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, but in the future He will honor the Way of the Sea, beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the nations: / The people walking in darkness have seen a great light; on those living in the land of the shadow of death, a light has dawned.

Isaiah 61:1-2
The Spirit of the Lord GOD is on Me, because the LORD has anointed Me to preach good news to the poor. He has sent Me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives and freedom to the prisoners, / to proclaim the year of the LORD’s favor and the day of our God’s vengeance, to comfort all who mourn,

Deuteronomy 18:15
The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers. You must listen to him.

2 Kings 4:38
When Elisha returned to Gilgal, there was a famine in the land. As the sons of the prophets were sitting at his feet, he said to his attendant, “Put on the large pot and boil some stew for the sons of the prophets.”


Treasury of Scripture

And came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and taught them on the sabbath days.

came.

Matthew 4:13
And leaving Nazareth, he came and dwelt in Capernaum, which is upon the sea coast, in the borders of Zabulon and Nephthalim:

Mark 1:21
And they went into Capernaum; and straightway on the sabbath day he entered into the synagogue, and taught.

taught.

Matthew 10:23
But when they persecute you in this city, flee ye into another: for verily I say unto you, Ye shall not have gone over the cities of Israel, till the Son of man be come.

Acts 13:50-52
But the Jews stirred up the devout and honourable women, and the chief men of the city, and raised persecution against Paul and Barnabas, and expelled them out of their coasts…

Acts 14:1,2,6,7,19-21
And it came to pass in Iconium, that they went both together into the synagogue of the Jews, and so spake, that a great multitude both of the Jews and also of the Greeks believed…

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Capernaum Caper'na-Um City Descended Galilee Midst Passed Sabbath Sabbath-Days Sabbaths Taught Teach Teaching Way
Luke 4
1. The fasting and temptation of Jesus.
14. He begins to preach.
16. The people of Nazareth marvel at words, but seek to kill him.
33. He cures one possessed of a demon,
38. Peter's mother-in-law,
40. and various other sick persons.
41. The demons acknowledge Jesus, and are reproved for it.
42. He preaches through the cities of Galilee.














He went down
The phrase "He went down" indicates a geographical movement from Nazareth to Capernaum. In the context of ancient Israel, "going down" often referred to traveling from a higher elevation to a lower one. Nazareth is situated in the hill country, while Capernaum is located by the Sea of Galilee, which is at a lower elevation. This movement is not just physical but also symbolic of Jesus' mission to reach the people where they are, descending from the heights of divine revelation to the everyday lives of the people.

to Capernaum
Capernaum was a significant town in Jesus' ministry, often referred to as His "own city" (Matthew 9:1). It was a bustling fishing village and a center of commerce and trade, located on the northwestern shore of the Sea of Galilee. Archaeological excavations have uncovered a synagogue and other structures from the time of Jesus, providing a vivid backdrop for His teachings and miracles. Capernaum's strategic location made it an ideal base for Jesus' Galilean ministry, allowing His message to spread quickly throughout the region.

a town in Galilee
Galilee was a fertile, populous region in northern Israel, known for its diverse population and cultural influences. It was a place where Jewish and Gentile cultures intersected, making it a fitting setting for Jesus' message of salvation for all people. The mention of Galilee highlights the fulfillment of Isaiah's prophecy that a great light would shine in this region (Isaiah 9:1-2), emphasizing Jesus as the light of the world.

and on the Sabbath
The Sabbath, observed from Friday evening to Saturday evening, was a day of rest and worship for the Jewish people, as commanded in the Torah (Exodus 20:8-11). Jesus' choice to teach on the Sabbath underscores His respect for Jewish customs and His role as a rabbi. It also foreshadows the tension between Jesus and the religious leaders, as He often challenged their interpretations of the law, emphasizing the spirit rather than the letter of the law.

He began to teach
Teaching was central to Jesus' ministry. The Greek word for "teach" is "didasko," which implies not just imparting knowledge but also guiding and nurturing spiritual growth. Jesus' teaching was authoritative and transformative, often leaving His listeners amazed and challenged. His teachings were rooted in the Hebrew Scriptures, yet they brought new insights and understanding, revealing the heart of God and the coming of His kingdom.

the people
The term "the people" refers to the ordinary men and women who gathered to hear Jesus. Unlike the religious elite, these were often the marginalized and the common folk, those who were hungry for truth and hope. Jesus' ministry was inclusive, reaching out to all who would listen, regardless of their social or religious status. This highlights the universal nature of His message and His compassion for all humanity.

(31) And came down to Capernaum.--See Note on Matthew 4:13. St. Luke, it will be noticed, gives, what St. Matthew does not give, the reason of the removal.

Verses 31-44. - AT CAPERNAUM. Verse 31. - And came down to Capernaum. Capernaum was the real home of the Master during the two years and a half of his public ministry. He chose this flourishing lakecity partly because his kinsmen and first disciples lived in it or its immediate neighborhood, but more especially on account of its situation. It has been termed the very center of the manufacturing district of Palestine; it lay on the high-road which led from Damascus and the Syrian cities to Tyro, Sidon, and Jerusalem. "It was, in fact, on 'the way of the sea' (Isaiah 9:1), the great caravan-road which led (from the East) to the Mediterranean. It was hence peculiarly fitted to be the center of a far-reaching ministry, of which even Gentiles would hear" (Farrar). The evangelist speaks of "coming down" to the shore of the lake, in contrast with Nazareth, which was placed in the hills. We do not meet with the name Capernaum in the Old Testament; it therefore appears not to have been a city belonging to remote antiquity. Its name is generally interpreted as being compounded of two words, signifying "town of consolations," בפר גחים - a beautiful and significant derivation. It may, however, originally have taken its name from the Prophet Nahum. Josephus, the historian, tells us. the name originally belonged to a fountain. He dwells also on the mildness of the climate; it would therefore seem as though, in the first place, Capernaum was used as a health resort, and then its admirable situation favored its adoption as a convenient center. The extensive ruins of Tel-Hum, on the lake-shore, are generally believed to be the remains of the once rich and populous Capernaum. And taught them on the sabbath days.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
Then
Καὶ (Kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

He went down
κατῆλθεν (katēlthen)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 2718: From kata and erchomai; to come down.

to
εἰς (eis)
Preposition
Strong's 1519: A primary preposition; to or into, of place, time, or purpose; also in adverbial phrases.

Capernaum,
Καφαρναοὺμ (Kapharnaoum)
Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular
Strong's 2584: Capernaum, a town of Galilee. Of Hebrew origin; Capernaum, a place in Palestine.

a town
πόλιν (polin)
Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular
Strong's 4172: A city, the inhabitants of a city. Probably from the same as polemos, or perhaps from polus; a town.

in Galilee,
Γαλιλαίας (Galilaias)
Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular
Strong's 1056: Of Hebrew origin; Galiloea, a region of Palestine.

and
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

on
ἐν (en)
Preposition
Strong's 1722: In, on, among. A primary preposition denoting position, and instrumentality, i.e. A relation of rest; 'in, ' at, on, by, etc.

the
τοῖς (tois)
Article - Dative Neuter Plural
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

Sabbath
σάββασιν (sabbasin)
Noun - Dative Neuter Plural
Strong's 4521: The Sabbath, a week.

He began
ἦν (ēn)
Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1510: I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.

to teach
διδάσκων (didaskōn)
Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 1321: To teach, direct, admonish. A prolonged form of a primary verb dao; to teach.

[the people].
αὐτοὺς (autous)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Plural
Strong's 846: He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.


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NT Gospels: Luke 4:31 He came down to Capernaum a city (Luke Lu Lk)
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