Strong's Hebrew: 6828. צָפוֹן (tsaphon) -- North

◄ 6828. tsaphon ►

Strong's Lexicon

tsaphon: North

Original Word: צָפוֹן
Part of Speech: Noun Feminine
Transliteration: tsaphown
Pronunciation: tsaw-FONE
Phonetic Spelling: (tsaw-fone')
Definition: North
Meaning: hidden, dark, the north as a, quarter

Word Origin: Derived from the root צָפַן (tsaphan), meaning "to hide" or "to treasure."

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: - G1005 (Boreas): Refers to the north wind or the north direction in Greek texts.

Usage: The Hebrew word "tsaphon" primarily denotes the direction "north." It is used in the Bible to describe geographical orientation, often in relation to the land of Israel. In a broader sense, "tsaphon" can also symbolize mystery or hiddenness, drawing from its root meaning.

Cultural and Historical Background: In ancient Near Eastern cultures, cardinal directions held significant symbolic meanings. The north, or "tsaphon," was often associated with mystery and the unknown, as it was the direction from which invading armies frequently came. In Israelite cosmology, the north was also linked to the abode of God, as seen in some poetic and prophetic texts.

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
from tsaphan
Definition
north
NASB Translation
North (8), north (125), north side (7), northern (1), northward (11).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

I. צָפוֺן₁₅₃ noun feminine^{Isaiah 43:6} north (as the hidden, dark; compare Thes Lewy^{Fremdw. 188 f.}; perhaps Phoenician צפל north); — absolute ׳צ Jeremiah 26:26 +, צָפֹ֫נָה northward Genesis 13:14 +, oftener צָפ֫וֺנָה Jeremiah 3:12 +, also צָפ֫וֺנָה = צָפוֺן Jeremiah 1:13 + (after prepositions and stative construct; compare Ges^{§ 90e}); construct מִצְּפוֺן לְ Joshua 8:11 +, also מִצְּפוֺן Joshua 19:14 Gi (compare Benn; van d. H. Baer ׳מִצָּ), מִצְּפ֫וֺנָה לְ Judges 21:19; (׳צ occurs oftenest in Ezekiel [46 t.], Joshua [25 t.], Jeremiah [25 t.], Daniel [9 t.]); — north (opposite south, east, west) Genesis 13:14; Genesis 28:14 (both J), Exodus 27:11 (P), +; ׳מְּאַת צ north side Exodus 26:20; Joshua 15:5 + (see מֵּאָה); so ׳צֶלַיע צ Exodus 26:35, ׳רוּחַ הַצּ Ezekiel 42:17, compare עַליֶֿרֶךְ הַמִּזְבֵּחַ צָפ֫וֺנָה 2 Kings 16:14; ׳גְּבוּל צ Numbers 34:7,9 north boundary; ׳יַתְכְּתֵי צ remote parts of north Isaiah 14:13 (as divine abode), Ezekiel 38:6,15 + (see [ יַרְכָה]); ׳שַׁעַר הַצּ Ezekiel 40:35 +, ׳מֶּתַח צ Ezekiel 42:2; ׳רוּחַ צ Ezekiel 25:23 north wind, and so ׳צ alone Songs 4:16; toward the north is צָפ֫וֺנָה Joshua 13:3 #NAME?אֶלצָֿפוֺן Ecclesiastes 1:6, ׳אֶלהַֿצּ Ezekiel 42:1, אֶלהַֿצָּפ֫וֺנָה Ezekiel 8:14, לַצָּפוֺן Ezekiel 40:23, דֶּרֶךְ הַצָּפוֺן Ezekiel 40:20, צָפ֫וֺנָה ׳ד Ezekiel 8:5 (twice in verse) +, etc.; especially (in Jeremiah, Ezekiel, etc.) of quarter whence invaders were to come, e. g. Assyrians Isaiah 14:31, compare Zephaniah 2:13, Babylonians Jeremiah 6:1,22; Jeremiah 15:12; Jeremiah 46:20,24 (׳עַםצֿ), Jeremiah 47:2, Ezekiel 26:7, Cyrus against Babylonian Isaiah 41:25, compare Jeremiah 50:3,9,41; Jeremiah 51:48; more vaguely, Jeremiah 1:14,15 (׳מַמְלְכוֺת צ), Jeremiah 4:6; Jeremiah 10:22; Jeremiah 13:20; Jeremiah 25:9,26 (׳מַלְכֵי הַצּ); of Gog's host Ezekiel 38:6,15; Ezekiel 39:2; ׳נְסִיכֵי צ Ezekiel 32:30 (apparently of nearer [Aramaean?] princes); ׳אֶרֶץ צ Jeremiah 31:8 is region of Carchemish, but Zechariah 2:10; Zechariah 6:6,8 (twice in verse) of Babylon; ׳מֵאֶרֶץ צ (sometimes + other countries) the exiles and dispersed are to return Jeremiah 3:18; Jeremiah 16:15 = Jeremiah 23:8; Jeremiah 31:8, compare Isaiah 43:6; Isaiah 49:12; ׳מֶלֶךְ הַצּ Daniel 11:6,7,8,11,13,15,40 denotes successive Seleucidae.

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

northern side, dark, gloomy

Or tsaphon {tsaw-fone'}; from tsaphan; properly, hidden, i.e. Dark; used only of the north as a quarter (gloomy and unknown) -- north(-ern, side, -ward, wind).

see HEBREW tsaphan

Forms and Transliterations

בַּצָּפ֑וֹן בצפון הַצָּפ֑וֹן הַצָּפ֑וֹנָה הַצָּפ֔וֹן הַצָּפ֔וֹנָה הַצָּפ֗וֹן הַצָּפ֜וֹן הַצָּפֹֽן׃ הַצָּפֽוֹן׃ הַצָּפוֹן֮ הצפון הצפון׃ הצפונה הצפן׃ וְהַצָּפֽוֹן׃ וְצָפ֙וֹנָה֙ וְצָפ֜וֹנָה וְצָפ֥וֹן ׀ וְצָפֹ֛נָה וְצָפֹ֣נָה וּמִצָּפ֑וֹן וּמִצָּפ֖וֹן והצפון׃ ומצפון וצפון וצפונה וצפנה לַצָּפ֖וֹן לַצָּפ֤וֹנָה לַצָּפֽוֹן׃ לַצָּפוֹן֙ לצפון לצפון׃ לצפונה מִ֭צָּפוֹן מִצְּפ֖וֹן מִצְּפ֗וֹן מִצְּפ֣וֹן מִצְּפ֤וֹנָה מִצָּפ֑וֹן מִצָּפ֔וֹן מִצָּפ֖וֹן מִצָּפ֖וֹנָה מִצָּפ֗וֹן מִצָּפ֛וֹן מִצָּפ֣וֹן מִצָּפ֥וֹן מִצָּפֽוֹן׃ מִצָּפוֹן֙ מצפון מצפון׃ מצפונה צָ֭פוֹן צָפ֑וֹן צָפ֑וֹנָה צָפ֔וֹן צָפ֔וֹנָה צָפ֖וֹן צָפ֖וֹנָה צָפ֗וֹן צָפ֗וֹנָה צָפ֙וֹנָה֙ צָפ֛וֹן צָפ֛וֹנָה צָפ֜וֹן צָפ֜וֹנָה צָפ֡וֹנָה צָפ֣וֹן צָפ֥וֹנָה צָפֹ֑נָה צָפֹ֖נָה צָפֹ֥נָה צָפֹֽנָה׃ צָפֽוֹן׃ צָפֽוֹנָה׃ צָפוֹן֙ צָפוֹנָה֒ צפון צפון׃ צפונה צפונה׃ צפנה צפנה׃ baṣ·ṣā·p̄ō·wn baṣṣāp̄ōwn batztzaFon haṣ·ṣā·p̄ō·w·nāh haṣ·ṣā·p̄ō·wn haṣ·ṣā·p̄ōn haṣṣāp̄ōn haṣṣāp̄ōwn haṣṣāp̄ōwnāh hatztzaFon hatztzaFonah laṣ·ṣā·p̄ō·w·nāh laṣ·ṣā·p̄ō·wn laṣṣāp̄ōwn laṣṣāp̄ōwnāh latztzafOn latztzaFonah miṣ·ṣā·p̄ō·w·nāh miṣ·ṣā·p̄ō·wn miṣ·ṣə·p̄ō·w·nāh miṣ·ṣə·p̄ō·wn miṣṣāp̄ōwn miṣṣāp̄ōwnāh miṣṣəp̄ōwn miṣṣəp̄ōwnāh mitztzaFon mitztzaFonah mitztzeFon mitztzeFonah ṣā·p̄ō·nāh ṣā·p̄ō·w·nāh ṣā·p̄ō·wn ṣāp̄ōnāh ṣāp̄ōwn ṣāp̄ōwnāh tzaFon tzaFonah ū·miṣ·ṣā·p̄ō·wn ūmiṣṣāp̄ōwn umitztzaFon vehatztzaFon vetzaFon vetzaFonah wə·haṣ·ṣā·p̄ō·wn wə·ṣā·p̄ō·nāh wə·ṣā·p̄ō·w·nāh wə·ṣā·p̄ō·wn wəhaṣṣāp̄ōwn wəṣāp̄ōnāh wəṣāp̄ōwn wəṣāp̄ōwnāh

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Englishman's Concordance

Genesis 13:14
HEB: אַתָּ֣ה שָׁ֑ם צָפֹ֥נָה וָנֶ֖גְבָּה וָקֵ֥דְמָה
NAS: where you are, northward and southward
KJV: from the place where thou art northward, and southward,
INT: you in it are northward and southward and eastward

Genesis 28:14
HEB: יָ֥מָּה וָקֵ֖דְמָה וְצָפֹ֣נָה וָנֶ֑גְבָּה וְנִבְרֲכ֥וּ
NAS: and to the east and to the north and to the south;
KJV: and to the east, and to the north, and to the south:
INT: to the west the east the north the south be blessed

Exodus 26:20
HEB: הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית לִפְאַ֣ת צָפ֑וֹן עֶשְׂרִ֖ים קָֽרֶשׁ׃
NAS: of the tabernacle, on the north side,
KJV: of the tabernacle on the north side
INT: the second side the north twenty boards

Exodus 26:35
HEB: עַל־ צֶ֥לַע צָפֽוֹן׃
NAS: the table on the north side.
KJV: the table on the north side.
INT: and side the north

Exodus 27:11
HEB: וְכֵ֨ן לִפְאַ֤ת צָפוֹן֙ בָּאֹ֔רֶךְ קְלָעִ֖ים
NAS: Likewise for the north side in length
KJV: And likewise for the north side
INT: Likewise side the north length hangings

Exodus 36:25
HEB: הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית לִפְאַ֣ת צָפ֑וֹן עָשָׂ֖ה עֶשְׂרִ֥ים
NAS: of the tabernacle, on the north side,
KJV: of the tabernacle, [which is] toward the north corner,
INT: the second side the north made twenty

Exodus 38:11
HEB: וְלִפְאַ֤ת צָפוֹן֙ מֵאָ֣ה בָֽאַמָּ֔ה
NAS: For the north side
KJV: And for the north side
INT: side the north hundred cubits

Exodus 40:22
HEB: יֶ֥רֶךְ הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן צָפֹ֑נָה מִח֖וּץ לַפָּרֹֽכֶת׃
NAS: of meeting on the north side
KJV: of the tabernacle northward, without
INT: side of the tabernacle the north without the veil

Leviticus 1:11
HEB: יֶ֧רֶךְ הַמִּזְבֵּ֛חַ צָפֹ֖נָה לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה
NAS: of the altar northward before
KJV: of the altar northward before
INT: the side of the altar northward before God

Numbers 2:25
HEB: מַחֲנֵ֥ה דָ֛ן צָפֹ֖נָה לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם וְנָשִׂיא֙
NAS: On the north side [shall be] the standard
KJV: of Dan [shall be] on the north side by their armies:
INT: of the camp of Dan the north their armies and the leader

Numbers 3:35
HEB: הַמִּשְׁכָּ֛ן יַחֲנ֖וּ צָפֹֽנָה׃
NAS: They [were] to camp on the northward side
KJV: of the tabernacle northward.
INT: of the tabernacle camp the northward

Numbers 34:7
HEB: לָכֶ֖ם גְּב֣וּל צָפ֑וֹן מִן־ הַיָּם֙
NAS: And this shall be your north border:
KJV: And this shall be your north border:
INT: become border shall be your north at Sea

Numbers 34:9
HEB: לָכֶ֖ם גְּב֥וּל צָפֽוֹן׃
NAS: This shall be your north border.
KJV: of it shall be at Hazarenan: this shall be your north border.
INT: become border shall be your north

Numbers 35:5
HEB: וְאֵ֨ת פְּאַ֥ת צָפ֛וֹן אַלְפַּ֥יִם בָּאַמָּ֖ה
NAS: cubits, and on the north side
KJV: cubits, and on the north side
INT: cubits side the north thousand cubits

Deuteronomy 2:3
HEB: פְּנ֥וּ לָכֶ֖ם צָפֹֽנָה׃
NAS: long enough. [Now] turn north,
KJV: long enough: turn you northward.
INT: this turn north

Deuteronomy 3:27
HEB: עֵינֶ֛יךָ יָ֧מָּה וְצָפֹ֛נָה וְתֵימָ֥נָה וּמִזְרָ֖חָה
NAS: to the west and north and south
KJV: westward, and northward, and southward,
INT: your eyes to the west and north and south and east

Joshua 8:11
HEB: הָעִ֑יר וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ מִצְּפ֣וֹן לָעַ֔י וְהַגַּ֖י
NAS: and camped on the north side of Ai.
KJV: and pitched on the north side of Ai:
INT: of the city and camped the north of Ai now a valley

Joshua 8:13
HEB: הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֗ה אֲשֶׁר֙ מִצְּפ֣וֹן לָעִ֔יר וְאֶת־
NAS: the army that was on the north side of the city,
KJV: [even] all the host that [was] on the north of the city,
INT: the army that was north of the city rear

Joshua 11:2
HEB: הַמְּלָכִ֞ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר מִצְּפ֗וֹן בָּהָ֧ר וּבָעֲרָבָ֛ה
NAS: who were of the north in the hill country,
KJV: And to the kings that [were] on the north of the mountains,
INT: the kings who the north the hill the Arabah

Joshua 13:3
HEB: גְּב֤וּל עֶקְרוֹן֙ צָפ֔וֹנָה לַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י תֵּחָשֵׁ֑ב
NAS: of Ekron to the north (it is counted
KJV: of Ekron northward, [which] is counted
INT: as the border of Ekron to the north to the Canaanite is counted

Joshua 15:5
HEB: וּגְב֞וּל לִפְאַ֤ת צָפ֙וֹנָה֙ מִלְּשׁ֣וֹן הַיָּ֔ם
NAS: And the border of the north side
KJV: And [their] border in the north quarter
INT: and the border side of the north the bay of the sea

Joshua 15:6
HEB: חָגְלָ֔ה וְעָבַ֕ר מִצְּפ֖וֹן לְבֵ֣ית הָעֲרָבָ֑ה
NAS: and continued on the north of Beth-arabah,
KJV: and passed along by the north of Betharabah;
INT: to Beth-hoglah and continued the north of Beth-arabah went

Joshua 15:7
HEB: מֵעֵ֣מֶק עָכוֹר֒ וְצָפ֜וֹנָה פֹּנֶ֣ה אֶל־
NAS: and turned northward toward
KJV: of Achor, and so northward, looking
INT: the valley of Achor northward and turned toward

Joshua 15:8
HEB: עֵֽמֶק־ רְפָאִ֖ים צָפֹֽנָה׃
NAS: of Rephaim toward the north.
KJV: of the valley of the giants northward:
INT: of the valley of Rephaim the north

Joshua 15:10
HEB: הַר־ יְעָרִ֛ים מִצָּפ֖וֹנָה הִ֣יא כְסָל֑וֹן
NAS: Jearim on the north (that is, Chesalon),
KJV: which [is] Chesalon, on the north side, and went down
INT: of Mount Jearim the north he which Chesalon