Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version “Your Majesty saw a holy one, a messenger, coming down from heaven and saying, ‘Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump, bound with iron and bronze, in the grass of the field, while its roots remain in the ground. Let him be drenched with the dew of heaven; let him live with the wild animals, until seven times pass by for him.’ New Living Translation “‘Then you saw a messenger, a holy one, coming down from heaven and saying, “Cut down the tree and destroy it. But leave the stump and the roots in the ground, bound with a band of iron and bronze and surrounded by tender grass. Let him be drenched with the dew of heaven. Let him live with the animals of the field for seven periods of time.” English Standard Version And because the king saw a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven and saying, ‘Chop down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump of its roots in the earth, bound with a band of iron and bronze, in the tender grass of the field, and let him be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts of the field, till seven periods of time pass over him,’ Berean Standard Bible And you, O king, saw a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven and saying: ‘Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump with its roots in the ground, with a band of iron and bronze around it, in the tender grass of the field. Let him be drenched with the dew of heaven, and graze with the beasts of the field till seven times pass him by.’ Berean Literal Bible In that the king saw a watcher and a holy one coming down from heaven and saying, ‘Chop down the tree and destroy it, but its stump and roots leave in the earth, with a band that is of iron and bronze, in the tender grass that is of the field; and with the dew of heaven let it be wet, and with the beasts of the field let his portion be, until that seven times should pass over him!’ King James Bible And whereas the king saw a watcher and an holy one coming down from heaven, and saying, Hew the tree down, and destroy it; yet leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, even with a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts of the field, till seven times pass over him; New King James Version “And inasmuch as the king saw a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven and saying, ‘Chop down the tree and destroy it, but leave its stump and roots in the earth, bound with a band of iron and bronze in the tender grass of the field; let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let him graze with the beasts of the field, till seven times pass over him’; New American Standard Bible And in that the king saw an angelic watcher, a holy one, descending from heaven and saying, “Chop down the tree and destroy it; yet leave the stump with its roots in the ground, but with a band of iron and bronze around it in the new grass of the field, let him be drenched with the dew of heaven, and let him share with the animals of the field until seven periods of time pass over him,” NASB 1995 In that the king saw an angelic watcher, a holy one, descending from heaven and saying, “Chop down the tree and destroy it; yet leave the stump with its roots in the ground, but with a band of iron and bronze around it in the new grass of the field, and let him be drenched with the dew of heaven, and let him share with the beasts of the field until seven periods of time pass over him,” NASB 1977 ‘And in that the king saw an angelic watcher, a holy one, descending from heaven and saying, “Chop down the tree and destroy it; yet leave the stump with its roots in the ground, but with a band of iron and bronze around it in the new grass of the field, and let him be drenched with the dew of heaven, and let him share with the beasts of the field until seven periods of time pass over him”; Legacy Standard Bible But in that the king saw a watcher, a holy one, descending from heaven and saying, “Chop down the tree and destroy it; yet leave the stump with its roots in the earth, but with a band of iron and bronze around it in the new grass of the field, and let him be drenched with the dew of heaven, and let him share with the beasts of the field until seven periods of time pass over him,” Amplified Bible In that the king saw an angelic watcher, a holy one, descending from heaven and saying, “Cut the tree down and destroy it; but leave the stump with its roots in the earth, but with a band of iron and bronze around it in the new grass of the field, and let him be wet with the dew of heaven, and let him feed with the beasts of the field until seven periods of time pass over him,” Berean Annotated Bible And you, O king, saw a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven and saying: ‘Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump with its roots in the ground, with a band of iron and bronze around it, in the tender grass of the field. Let him be drenched with the dew of heaven, and graze with the beasts of the field till seven times pass him by. Christian Standard Bible “The king saw a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven and saying, ‘Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump with its roots in the ground and with a band of iron and bronze around it in the tender grass of the field. Let him be drenched with dew from the sky and share food with the wild animals for seven periods of time.’ Holman Christian Standard Bible The king saw an observer, a holy one, coming down from heaven and saying, ‘Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump with its roots in the ground and with a band of iron and bronze around it, in the tender grass of the field. Let him be drenched with dew from the sky, and share food with the wild animals for seven periods of time.’ American Standard Version And whereas the king saw a watcher and a holy one coming down from heaven, and saying, Hew down the tree, and destroy it; nevertheless leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, even with a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field, and let it be wet with the dew of heaven: and let his portion be with the beasts of the field, till seven times pass over him; Contemporary English Version Then you saw a holy angel come down from heaven and say, "Chop down the tree and destroy it! But leave its stump and roots in the ground, fastened there by a chain of iron and bronze. Let it stay for seven years out in the field with the wild animals, unprotected from the dew." English Revised Version And whereas the king saw a watcher and an holy one coming down from heaven, and saying, Hew down the tree, and destroy it; nevertheless leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, even with a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts of the field, till seven times pass over him; GOD'S WORD® Translation You saw a guardian, a holy being, come down from heaven. He said, 'Cut down the oak tree! Destroy it! But leave the stump and its roots in the ground. Secure it with an iron and bronze chain in the grass in the field. Let it get wet with the dew from the sky. Let it get its share of the plants on the ground with the wild animals for seven time periods.' Good News Translation While Your Majesty was watching, an angel came down from heaven and said, 'Cut the tree down and destroy it, but leave the stump in the ground. Wrap a band of iron and bronze around it, and leave it there in the field with the grass. Let the dew fall on this man, and let him live there with the animals for seven years.' International Standard Version "Your majesty saw a holy observer descending from heaven and saying, 'Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump in the ground, along with its roots, bound with iron and bronze in the field grass. Let him be soaked with the dew of the sky and live with the wild animals of the field until seven seasons pass over him.' NET Bible As for the king seeing a holy sentinel coming down from heaven and saying, 'Chop down the tree and destroy it, but leave its taproot in the ground, with a band of iron and bronze around it, surrounded by the grass of the field. Let it become damp with the dew of the sky, and let it live with the wild animals, until seven periods of time go by for him'-- New Heart English Bible Whereas the king saw a watcher and a holy one coming down from the sky, and saying, 'Cut down the tree, and destroy it; nevertheless leave the stump of its roots in the earth, even with a band of iron and bronze, in the tender grass of the field, and let it be wet with the dew of the sky: and let his portion be with the animals of the field, until seven times pass over him. Webster's Bible Translation And whereas the king saw a watcher and a holy one coming down from heaven, and saying, Hew the tree down, and destroy it; yet leave the stump of its roots in the earth, even with a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let its portion be with the beasts of the field, till seven times shall pass over him; Majority Text Translations Majority Standard BibleAnd you, O king, saw a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven and saying: ‘Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump with its roots in the ground, with a band of iron and bronze around it, in the tender grass of the field. Let him be drenched with the dew of heaven, and graze with the beasts of the field till seven times pass him by.’ World English Bible “Whereas the king saw a holy watcher coming down from the sky and saying, ‘Cut down the tree, and destroy it; nevertheless leave the stump of its roots in the earth, even with a band of iron and bronze, in the tender grass of the field, and let it be wet with the dew of the sky. Let his portion be with the animals of the field, until seven times pass over him.’ Literal Translations Literal Standard Versionand that which the king has seen—a sifter, even a holy one, coming down from the heavens, and he has said, Cut down the tree, and destroy it; but the stump of its roots leave in the earth, even with a band of iron and bronze, in the tender grass of the field, and with the dew of the heavens it is wet, and with the beast of the field [is] his portion, until seven times pass over him. Berean Literal Bible In that the king saw a watcher and a holy one coming down from heaven and saying, ‘Chop down the tree and destroy it, but its stump and roots leave in the earth, with a band that is of iron and bronze, in the tender grass that is of the field; and with the dew of heaven let it be wet, and with the beasts of the field let his portion be, until that seven times should pass over him!’ Young's Literal Translation and that which the king hath seen -- a sifter, even a holy one, coming down from the heavens, and he hath said, Cut down the tree, and destroy it; but the stump of its roots leave in the earth, even with a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field, and with the dew of the heavens it is wet, and with the beast of the field is his portion, till that seven times pass over him. Smith's Literal Translation And that the king saw a watcher and a holy one came down from the heavens, and said, Hew down the tree and destroy it; but leave the stump of its roots in the earth, and with a band of iron and brass in the tender grass of the open field; and with the dew of the heavens it shall be wet, and with the beasts of the open field its portion, even till seven times shall pass over him; Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleAnd whereas the king saw a watcher, and a holy one come down from heaven, and say: Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, and let it be bound with iron and brass among the grass without, and let it be sprinkled with the dew of heaven, and let his feeding be with the wild beasts, till seven times pass over him. Catholic Public Domain Version New American Bible The command that the stump of the tree is to be left means that your kingdom shall be preserved for you, once you have learned that heaven is sovereign. New Revised Standard Version And whereas the king saw a holy watcher coming down from heaven and saying, ‘Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave its stump and roots in the ground, with a band of iron and bronze, in the grass of the field; and let him be bathed with the dew of heaven, and let his lot be with the animals of the field, until seven times pass over him’— Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleAnd whereas the king saw a holy angel coming down from heaven, crying aloud and saying, Hew down the tree and destroy it; but leave the stump and the roots thereof in the earth and let it be bound with a band of iron and brass in the green grass of the field; and let him be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his dwelling be with the beasts of the field in the grass of the earth; and let his heart be changed from man's, and let a beast's heart be given to him till seven seasons change over him. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated And when the King saw the Watcher and Holy One who descended from Heaven, also he called in power and said, “Cut down the tree and destroy the stump of its roots, but leave in the earth a band of iron and brass in the grass of the wilderness, and he shall be wet from the dew of Heaven and his dwelling with the animals of the wilderness in the grass of the Earth, and his heart shall change from children of men and the heart of a beast will be given to him until seven seasons will be changed over him OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917And whereas the king saw a watcher and a holy one coming down from heaven, and saying: Hew down the tree, and destroy it; nevertheless leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, even in a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts of the field, till seven times pass over him-- Brenton Septuagint Translation And whereas the king saw a watcher and a holy one coming down from heaven, and he said, Strip the tree, and destroy it; only leave the stump of its roots in the ground, and bind it with a band of iron and brass; and it shall lie in the grass that is without, and in the dew of heaven, and its portion shall be with wild beasts, until seven times have passed over it; Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context Daniel Interprets the Second Dream…22you, O king, are that tree! For you have become great and strong; your greatness has grown to reach the sky, and your dominion extends to the ends of the earth. 23And you, O king, saw a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven and saying: ‘Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump with its roots in the ground, and a band of iron and bronze around it, in the tender grass of the field. Let him be drenched with the dew of heaven, and graze with the beasts of the field till seven times pass him by.’ 24This is the interpretation, O king, and this is the decree that the Most High has issued against my lord the king:… Cross References And you, O king, saw a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven Revelation 10:1 Then I saw another mighty angel coming down from heaven, wrapped in a cloud, with a rainbow above his head. His face was like the sun, and his legs were like pillars of fire. Psalm 89:6-7 For who in the skies can compare with the LORD? Who among the heavenly beings is like the LORD? / In the council of the holy ones, God is greatly feared, and awesome above all who surround Him. and saying: ‘Cut down the tree and destroy it, Ezekiel 31:12-14 Foreigners, the most ruthless of the nations, cut it down and left it. Its branches have fallen on the mountains and in every valley; its boughs lay broken in all the earth’s ravines. And all the peoples of the earth left its shade and abandoned it. / All the birds of the air nested on its fallen trunk, and all the beasts of the field lived among its boughs. / This happened so that no other trees by the waters would become great in height and set their tops among the clouds, and no other well-watered trees would reach them in height. For they have all been consigned to death, to the depths of the earth, among the mortals who descend to the Pit.’ Isaiah 10:33-34 Behold, the Lord GOD of Hosts will lop off the branches with terrifying power. The tall trees will be cut down, the lofty ones will be felled. / He will clear the forest thickets with an axe, and Lebanon will fall before the Mighty One. but leave the stump with its roots in the ground, Job 14:7-9 For there is hope for a tree: If it is cut down, it will sprout again, and its tender shoots will not fail. / If its roots grow old in the ground and its stump dies in the soil, / at the scent of water it will bud and put forth twigs like a sapling. Isaiah 11:1 Then a shoot will spring up from the stump of Jesse, and a Branch from his roots will bear fruit. with a band of iron and bronze around it, Psalm 107:10 Some sat in darkness and in the shadow of death, prisoners in affliction and chains, 2 Kings 25:7 And they slaughtered the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes. Then they put out his eyes, bound him with bronze shackles, and took him to Babylon. in the tender grass of the field. 2 Samuel 23:4 is like the light of the morning at sunrise of a cloudless dawn, the glistening after the rain on the sprouting grass of the earth.’ Isaiah 40:6-8 A voice says, “Cry out!” And I asked, “What should I cry out?” “All flesh is like grass, and all its glory like the flowers of the field. / The grass withers and the flowers fall when the breath of the LORD blows on them; indeed, the people are grass. / The grass withers and the flowers fall, but the word of our God stands forever.” Let him be drenched with the dew of heaven, Genesis 27:28 May God give to you the dew of heaven and the richness of the earth—an abundance of grain and new wine. Deuteronomy 33:28 So Israel dwells securely; the fountain of Jacob lives untroubled in a land of grain and new wine, where even the heavens drip with dew. and graze with the beasts of the field Daniel 5:21 He was driven away from mankind, and his mind was like that of a beast. He lived with the wild donkeys and ate grass like an ox, and his body was drenched with the dew of heaven until he acknowledged that the Most High God rules over the kingdom of mankind, setting over it whom He wishes. Psalm 49:20 A man who has riches without understanding is like the beasts that perish. till seven times pass him by.’ Leviticus 26:18 And if after all this you will not obey Me, I will proceed to punish you sevenfold for your sins. Leviticus 26:24 then I will act with hostility toward you, and I will strike you sevenfold for your sins. Treasury of Scripture And whereas the king saw a watcher and an holy one coming down from heaven, and saying, Hew the tree down, and destroy it; yet leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, even with a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts of the field, till seven times pass over him; saw. Daniel 4:13-17 I saw in the visions of my head upon my bed, and, behold, a watcher and an holy one came down from heaven; … and let his. Daniel 4:15 Nevertheless leave the stump of his roots in the earth, even with a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts in the grass of the earth: Daniel 5:21 And he was driven from the sons of men; and his heart was made like the beasts, and his dwelling was with the wild asses: they fed him with grass like oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven; till he knew that the most high God ruled in the kingdom of men, and that he appointeth over it whomsoever he will. Jump to Previous Animals Band Beasts Brass Cut Destroy Dew Earth Field Grass Heaven Hew Holy Iron Leave Nevertheless Portion Roots Seven Sky Stump Tender Thereof Times Tree Watcher Wet WhereasJump to Next Animals Band Beasts Brass Cut Destroy Dew Earth Field Grass Heaven Hew Holy Iron Leave Nevertheless Portion Roots Seven Sky Stump Tender Thereof Times Tree Watcher Wet WhereasDaniel 4 1. Nebuchadnezzar confesses God's kingdom,4. makes relation of his dreams, which the magicians could not interpret. 8. Daniel hears the dream. 19. He interprets it. 28. The dream fulfilled. And you, O king, saw a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven In the ancient Near Eastern context, "watchers" were considered divine beings or angels tasked with observing human affairs. The term "holy one" emphasizes their divine nature and purity. This vision given to King Nebuchadnezzar highlights the intervention of the divine in human governance, a theme consistent with the biblical narrative that God is sovereign over earthly kingdoms (Daniel 4:17). The descent from heaven signifies a message of divine authority and judgment. and saying: ‘Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump with its roots in the ground, with a band of iron and bronze around it, in the tender grass of the field. Let him be drenched with the dew of heaven, and graze with the beasts of the field till seven times pass him by.’ Persons / Places / Events 1. NebuchadnezzarThe king of Babylon who receives the dream and its interpretation. His pride and subsequent humbling are central to the account. 2. Watcher, a Holy One A divine messenger or angel who delivers the decree from heaven. The term "watcher" (Aramaic: 'ir) suggests vigilance and authority. 3. Tree Symbolizes Nebuchadnezzar's kingdom and his personal greatness. Its cutting down represents his impending judgment. 4. Stump with Roots Represents the preservation of Nebuchadnezzar's kingdom and his eventual restoration after his humbling. 5. Seven Times A period of divine judgment, often interpreted as seven years, during which Nebuchadnezzar will live like an animal. Teaching Points The Danger of PridePride can lead to a fall, as seen in Nebuchadnezzar's life. We must guard our hearts against self-exaltation. God's Sovereignty God is in control of all kingdoms and rulers. Trust in His ultimate authority and plan. The Role of Divine Messengers Angels and divine messengers play a crucial role in communicating God's will. Be attentive to how God might be speaking to you. Restoration and Hope Even in judgment, God provides hope for restoration. No situation is beyond His redemption. Humility and Repentance True humility and repentance can lead to restoration. Seek to humble yourself before God daily. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of Daniel 4:23?2. How does Daniel 4:23 demonstrate God's sovereignty over earthly kingdoms and rulers? 3. What role does divine judgment play in Daniel 4:23's message to Nebuchadnezzar? 4. How can we apply the lesson of humility from Daniel 4:23 today? 5. What scriptural connections exist between Daniel 4:23 and other warnings of pride? 6. How does the "watcher, a holy one" in Daniel 4:23 reflect God's authority? 7. What does Daniel 4:23 reveal about God's sovereignty over earthly kingdoms? 8. How does Daniel 4:23 illustrate the consequences of pride? 9. What historical evidence supports the events described in Daniel 4:23? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from Daniel 4? 11. What defines a monitoring spirit? 12. What are the four beasts in Daniel 7? 13. In Daniel 4:15-16, why is there no Babylonian record or confirmation of a royal decree about the king's bizarre dream and subsequent transformation? 14. What did Nebuchadnezzar dream about? What Does Daniel 4:23 Mean And you, O kingNebuchadnezzar is personally addressed. The message is not theoretical; it lands squarely on the most powerful man on earth. The Lord is reminding him that earthly authority answers to a higher throne (Romans 13:1; John 19:11). Though Babylon’s monarch seems untouchable, God speaks to him as one who must listen, just as every ruler ultimately must (Psalm 2:10–12). saw a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven • “Watcher” (also v. 13, 17) refers to an angel sent on divine assignment. Angels observe, report, and act at God’s command (Psalm 103:20; Hebrews 1:14). • “Holy one” highlights the messenger’s purity and perfect alignment with God’s will—contrasting sharply with Nebuchadnezzar’s pride (Proverbs 16:18). • “Coming down from heaven” emphasizes that the decree is heaven-initiated, not court intrigue. The king cannot dismiss it; he is being monitored by the Judge of all (2 Chronicles 16:9). and saying: "Cut down the tree and destroy it" The towering tree from the earlier dream (Daniel 4:10–12) symbolized Nebuchadnezzar’s vast empire. Now the divine edict orders its felling. • God raises up and brings down kingdoms (Daniel 2:21). • Similar tree-judgments underscore accountability: Assyria (Ezekiel 31:3–14), unfruitful Israel (Matthew 3:10). • Destruction here is corrective, not annihilative; it strips away pride so that repentance becomes possible (Proverbs 15:33). "but leave the stump with its roots in the ground" Grace shines through judgment. The stump means the king’s life and kingdom will not be obliterated. God disciplines to restore (Hebrews 12:6; Job 14:7–9). • A remaining root system hints at future regrowth once humility is learned (Isaiah 11:1). • By sparing the stump, God preserves His own broader purposes for Babylon and the unfolding prophetic timetable (Jeremiah 27:6–7). "with a band of iron and bronze around it" The metal band pictures restraint. Nebuchadnezzar’s power will be bound until God chooses to release him. • Iron and bronze often depict captivity and judgment (Psalm 107:10; 2 Chronicles 33:11). • The band prevents the stump from splitting or being yanked out—discipline that protects as well as confines (Psalm 94:12). "in the tender grass of the field" The once-lofty monarch will be thrust to ground level, living among common growth and grazing animals. This reversal fulfills the principle that God exalts the humble and brings low the proud (Luke 14:11; 1 Peter 5:6). • “Tender grass” also hints at new beginnings following chastening (Psalm 23:2; Hosea 6:2-3). "Let him be drenched with the dew of heaven" Personal pronoun shifts from tree to man, making the symbolism unmistakable. • Exposure to the elements pictures vulnerability. The king who luxuriated in palaces will feel nightly moisture like a wild beast (Daniel 4:25, 33). • Dew, while uncomfortable here, can foreshadow refreshment after repentance (Deuteronomy 32:2). "and graze with the beasts of the field" Nebuchadnezzar will lose human dignity, displaying a God-imposed madness (Daniel 4:32-33). • The consequence matches the sin—beastly pride receives a beast-like existence (Psalm 49:12). • Yet God’s mercy remains; the animals become unwitting tutors of humility (Job 12:7). "till seven times pass him by" “Seven” signifies completeness. Whether seven literal years or seven full periods, the term marks a fixed, God-set boundary (Leviticus 26:18, 21; Daniel 7:25). • The clock is in God’s hands; discipline will last exactly as long as necessary, not a day more or less (Habakkuk 2:3). • When the period ends, restoration follows (Daniel 4:34-37), showcasing that repentance shortens no divine decree, but pride will not lengthen it either. summary Daniel 4:23 delivers heaven’s verdict on Nebuchadnezzar: his proud kingdom will be felled, yet a guarded stump remains, signaling future mercy. An angelic “watcher” makes clear that God monitors rulers, humbles the arrogant, and restores the repentant. The iron-bronze band, the dew-drenched nights, grazing with beasts, and the fixed span of “seven times” all combine to show that divine discipline is precise, purposeful, and ultimately redemptive. The passage calls every heart to bow before the Most High, recognizing that authority, sanity, and life itself are gifts sustained only by His grace. (23) Destroy it.--Observe how, in this verse, these words stand for the whole of the latter part of Daniel 4:14.Verse 23. - And whereas the king saw a watcher and an holy one coming down from heaven, and saying, Hew the tree down, and destroy it; yet leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, even with a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts of the field, till seven times pass over him. This in the beginning agrees with the text behind the Septuagint Version of ver. 14 (7 LXX., 11 Massoretic). In that verse, instead of the elaborate process of cutting off branches and shaking off leaves, the Septuagint had simply, καταφθείρατε αὐτό. This confirms us in our preference of the Septuagint there. In the present instance, the Septuagint is briefer than the Massoretic text; it varies in some points, which may indicate the hand of a redactor, "And the vision which thou sawest, that an angel was sent in strength, and commanded to root the tree up and to cut it down, the judgment of God shall come upon thee." Here, again, there is nothing of "the watcher and the holy one," nothing of the belt of "iron and brass," nor of the "tree having its portion with the beasts of the field," nor that it was to be "wet with the dew of heaven." Some of these features are mentioned in the account of the vision, but are not repeated now. Theodotion agrees with the Massoretic text. The Peshitta carries the repetition yet further, and inserts, "And his heart shall be changed from the heart of 't man, and the heart of a beast shall be given him." In this the process already begun in the text of the Massoretes is carried a little further. The Vulgate agrees with the received text. Daniel rapidly notifies the principal features in the king's dream, before he proceeds to explain it.Parallel Commentaries ... Hebrew Andוְדִ֣י (wə·ḏî) Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - relative Strong's 1768: Who, which, that, because you, O king, מַלְכָּ֡א (mal·kā) Noun - masculine singular determinate Strong's 4430: A king saw חֲזָ֣ה (ḥă·zāh) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular Strong's 2370: To gaze upon, mentally to dream, be usual a watcher, עִ֣יר (‘îr) Noun - masculine singular Strong's 5894: Waking or wakeful one a holy one, וְקַדִּ֣ישׁ (wə·qad·dîš) Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular Strong's 6922: Sacred, God, an angel, a saint, a sanctuary coming down נָחִ֣ת ׀ (nā·ḥiṯ) Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular Strong's 5182: To descend, to bring away, deposit, depose from מִן־ (min-) Preposition Strong's 4481: From, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than heaven שְׁמַיָּ֡א (šə·may·yā) Noun - mdd Strong's 8065: The sky and saying: וְאָמַר֩ (wə·’ā·mar) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular Strong's 560: To say, tell, command ‘Cut down גֹּ֨דּוּ (gōd·dū) Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural Strong's 1414: To cut down the tree אִֽילָנָ֜א (’î·lā·nā) Noun - masculine singular determinate Strong's 363: A tree and destroy it, וְחַבְּל֗וּהִי (wə·ḥab·bə·lū·hî) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine plural | third person masculine singular Strong's 2255: To destroy, hurt but בְּרַ֨ם (bə·ram) Conjunction Strong's 1297: Highly, surely, however leave שְׁבֻ֔קוּ (šə·ḇu·qū) Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural Strong's 7662: To quit, allow to remain the stump עִקַּ֤ר (‘iq·qar) Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 6136: Root, stock with its roots שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹהִי֙ (šā·rə·šō·w·hî) Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular Strong's 8330: A root in the ground, בְּאַרְעָ֣א (bə·’ar·‘ā) Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular determinate Strong's 772: The earth, low with a band וּבֶאֱסוּר֙ (ū·ḇe·’ĕ·sūr) Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 613: A band, bond of iron פַרְזֶ֣ל (p̄ar·zel) Noun - masculine singular Strong's 6523: Iron and bronze [around it], וּנְחָ֔שׁ (ū·nə·ḥāš) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 5174: Copper, bronze in the tender grass בְּדִתְאָ֖א (bə·ḏiṯ·’ā) Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular determinate Strong's 1883: A sprout, grass of דִּֽי־ (dî-) Pronoun - relative Strong's 1768: Who, which, that, because the field. בָרָ֑א (ḇā·rā) Noun - masculine singular determinate Strong's 1251: (an open) field Let him be drenched יִצְטַבַּ֗ע (yiṣ·ṭab·ba‘) Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine singular Strong's 6647: To dip, wet with the dew וּבְטַ֧ל (ū·ḇə·ṭal) Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 2920: Dew of heaven, שְׁמַיָּ֣א (šə·may·yā) Noun - mdd Strong's 8065: The sky and graze חֲלָקֵ֔הּ (ḥă·lā·qêh) Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular Strong's 2508: Portion, possession with וְעִם־ (wə·‘im-) Conjunctive waw | Preposition Strong's 5974: With, equally with the beasts חֵיוַ֤ת (ḥê·waṯ) Noun - feminine singular construct Strong's 2423: An animal of the field בָּרָא֙ (bā·rā) Noun - masculine singular determinate Strong's 1251: (an open) field till דִּֽי־ (dî-) Pronoun - relative Strong's 1768: Who, which, that, because seven שִׁבְעָ֥ה (šiḇ·‘āh) Number - masculine singular Strong's 7655: Seven, seven times, a week, an indefinite number times עִדָּנִ֖ין (‘id·dā·nîn) Noun - masculine plural Strong's 5732: A set time, technically, a year pass יַחְלְפ֥וּן (yaḥ·lə·p̄ūn) Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural Strong's 2499: To pass (over) him by.’ עֲלֽוֹהִי׃ (‘ă·lō·w·hî) Preposition | third person masculine singular Strong's 5922: Above, over, upon, against Links Daniel 4:23 NIVDaniel 4:23 NLT Daniel 4:23 ESV Daniel 4:23 NASB Daniel 4:23 KJV Daniel 4:23 BibleApps.com Daniel 4:23 Biblia Paralela Daniel 4:23 Chinese Bible Daniel 4:23 French Bible Daniel 4:23 Catholic Bible OT Prophets: Daniel 4:23 Whereas the king saw a watcher (Dan. Da Dn) |
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