Job 31:13
New International Version
“If I have denied justice to any of my servants, whether male or female, when they had a grievance against me,

New Living Translation
“If I have been unfair to my male or female servants when they brought their complaints to me,

English Standard Version
“If I have rejected the cause of my manservant or my maidservant, when they brought a complaint against me,

Berean Standard Bible
If I have rejected the cause of my manservant or maidservant when they made a complaint against me,

King James Bible
If I did despise the cause of my manservant or of my maidservant, when they contended with me;

New King James Version
“If I have despised the cause of my male or female servant When they complained against me,

New American Standard Bible
“If I have rejected the claim of my male or female slaves When they filed a complaint against me,

NASB 1995
“If I have despised the claim of my male or female slaves When they filed a complaint against me,

NASB 1977
“If I have despised the claim of my male or female slaves When they filed a complaint against me,

Legacy Standard Bible
“If I have rejected the justice of my male or female slaves When they filed a complaint against me,

Amplified Bible
“If I have despised and rejected the claim of my male or female servants When they filed a complaint against me,

Christian Standard Bible
If I have dismissed the case of my male or female servants when they made a complaint against me,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
If I have dismissed the case of my male or female servants when they made a complaint against me,

American Standard Version
If I have despised the cause of my man-servant or of my maid-servant, When they contended with me;

Contemporary English Version
When my servants complained against me, I was fair to them.

English Revised Version
If I did despise the cause of my manservant or of my maidservant, when they contended with me:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
"If I have abused the rights of my servants, male or female, when they have disagreed with me,

Good News Translation
When any of my servants complained against me, I would listen and treat them fairly.

International Standard Version
"If I've refused to help my male and female servants when they complain against me,

Majority Standard Bible
If I have rejected the cause of my manservant or maidservant when they made a complaint against me,

NET Bible
"If I have disregarded the right of my male servants or my female servants when they disputed with me,

New Heart English Bible
"If I have despised the cause of my male servant or of my female servant, when they contended with me;

Webster's Bible Translation
If I despised the cause of my man-servant or of my maid-servant, when they contended with me;

World English Bible
“If I have despised the cause of my male servant or of my female servant, when they contended with me,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
If I despise the cause of my manservant, "" And of my handmaid, "" In their contending with me,

Young's Literal Translation
If I despise the cause of my man-servant, And of my handmaid, In their contending with me,

Smith's Literal Translation
If I shall despise the judgment of my servant and my maid in their contending with me;
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
If I have despised to abide judgment with my manservant, or my maidservant, when they had any controversy against me:

Catholic Public Domain Version
If I have despised being subject to judgment with my servant or my maid, when they had any complaint against me,

New American Bible
Had I refused justice to my manservant or to my maidservant, when they had a complaint against me,

New Revised Standard Version
“If I have rejected the cause of my male or female slaves, when they brought a complaint against me;
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
If I have rejected the cause of my manservant or my maidservant, when he contended with me,

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
If I have despised the justice of my Servants or of my Maidservants when they have been contending with me
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
If I did despise the cause of my man-servant, Or of my maid-servant, when they contended with me--

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And if too I despised the judgment of my servant or my handmaid, when they pleaded with me;

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Job's Final Appeal
12For it is a fire that burns down to Abaddon; it would root out my entire harvest. 13If I have rejected the cause of my manservant or maidservant when they made a complaint against me, 14what will I do when God rises to judge? How will I answer when called to account?…

Cross References
James 5:4
Look, the wages you withheld from the workmen who mowed your fields are crying out against you. The cries of the harvesters have reached the ears of the Lord of Hosts.

Colossians 4:1
Masters, supply your slaves with what is right and fair, since you know that you also have a Master in heaven.

Ephesians 6:9
And masters, do the same for your slaves. Give up your use of threats, because you know that He who is both their Master and yours is in heaven, and there is no favoritism with Him.

Deuteronomy 24:14-15
Do not oppress a hired hand who is poor and needy, whether he is a brother or a foreigner residing in one of your towns. / You are to pay his wages each day before sunset, because he is poor and depends on them. Otherwise he may cry out to the LORD against you, and you will be guilty of sin.

Malachi 3:5
“Then I will draw near to you for judgment. And I will be a swift witness against sorcerers and adulterers and perjurers, against oppressors of the widowed and fatherless, and against those who defraud laborers of their wages and deny justice to the foreigner but do not fear Me,” says the LORD of Hosts.

Proverbs 14:31
Whoever oppresses the poor taunts their Maker, but whoever is kind to the needy honors Him.

Proverbs 22:22-23
Do not rob a poor man because he is poor, and do not crush the afflicted at the gate, / for the LORD will take up their case and will plunder those who rob them.

Isaiah 58:3
“Why have we fasted, and You have not seen? Why have we humbled ourselves, and You have not noticed?” “Behold, on the day of your fast, you do as you please, and you oppress all your workers.

Leviticus 19:13
You must not defraud your neighbor or rob him. You must not withhold until morning the wages due a hired hand.

Jeremiah 22:13
“Woe to him who builds his palace by unrighteousness, and his upper rooms without justice, who makes his countrymen serve without pay, and fails to pay their wages,

Exodus 21:20-21
If a man strikes his manservant or maidservant with a rod, and the servant dies by his hand, he shall surely be punished. / However, if the servant gets up after a day or two, the owner shall not be punished, since the servant is his property.

Luke 3:14
Then some soldiers asked him, “And what should we do?” “Do not take money by force or false accusation,” he said. “Be content with your wages.”

Matthew 7:12
In everything, then, do to others as you would have them do to you. For this is the essence of the Law and the Prophets.

Matthew 25:40
And the King will reply, ‘Truly I tell you, whatever you did for one of the least of these brothers of Mine, you did for Me.’

1 Timothy 6:1-2
All who are under the yoke of slavery should regard their masters as fully worthy of honor, so that God’s name and our teaching will not be discredited. / Those who have believing masters should not show disrespect because they are brothers, but should serve them all the more, since those receiving their good service are beloved believers. Teach and encourage these principles.


Treasury of Scripture

If I did despise the cause of my manservant or of my maidservant, when they contended with me;

the cause

Exodus 21:20,21,26,27
And if a man smite his servant, or his maid, with a rod, and he die under his hand; he shall be surely punished…

Leviticus 25:43,46
Thou shalt not rule over him with rigour; but shalt fear thy God…

Deuteronomy 15:12-15
And if thy brother, an Hebrew man, or an Hebrew woman, be sold unto thee, and serve thee six years; then in the seventh year thou shalt let him go free from thee…

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Bondman Cause Claim Complaint Contended Contending Denied Despise Despised Female Handmaid Justice Law Maidservant Maid-Servant Maidservants Male Manservant Man-Servant Menservants Rejected Servant Slaves Woman-Servant Wrong
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Bondman Cause Claim Complaint Contended Contending Denied Despise Despised Female Handmaid Justice Law Maidservant Maid-Servant Maidservants Male Manservant Man-Servant Menservants Rejected Servant Slaves Woman-Servant Wrong
Job 31
1. Job makes a solemn protestation of his integrity in several duties














If I have rejected
The phrase "If I have rejected" indicates a hypothetical self-examination by Job. The Hebrew root for "rejected" is "מאס" (ma'as), which means to despise or refuse. This reflects Job's introspective integrity, as he is considering whether he has ever dismissed the grievances of those under his authority. In the ancient Near Eastern context, servants had limited rights, and their complaints could easily be ignored by their masters. Job's reflection here is a testament to his righteousness and fairness, as he acknowledges the importance of listening to those who serve him.

the cause of my manservant or maidservant
The "cause" refers to the legal or moral claim or grievance brought forth by his servants. The Hebrew word "ריב" (riv) can mean a dispute or contention, suggesting a formal complaint. In Job's time, servants were often seen as property, yet Job elevates their status by considering their grievances seriously. This reflects a biblical principle of justice and equality, as seen in other scriptures that emphasize fair treatment of servants (e.g., Exodus 21:20-21). Job's attitude aligns with the broader biblical narrative that all people, regardless of social status, are made in the image of God and deserve justice.

when they made a complaint against me
The phrase "when they made a complaint against me" highlights the potential for servants to voice their grievances. The Hebrew word for "complaint" is "משפט" (mishpat), which often refers to judgment or justice. This implies a formal process of bringing a concern to light. Job's willingness to consider such complaints underscores his commitment to justice and righteousness. In a historical context, this is significant because it shows Job's counter-cultural approach to leadership and authority, where he is open to accountability and correction, even from those of lower status.

(13) If I did despise.--In Job 22:8, Eliphaz had insinuated that Job had favoured the rich and powerful, but had oppressed and ground down the weak. He now meets this accusation, and affirms that he had regarded his own servants even as brethren, because partakers of a common humanity.

Verse 13. - If I did despise the cause of my manservant or of my maidservant. Job now disclaims a fourth sin - the oppression of his dependants. Eliphaz had taxed him generally with harshness and cruelty in his relations towards those weaker than himself (Job 22:5-9), but had not specially pointed to this kind of oppressiveness. As, however, this was the commonest form of the vice, Job deems it right to disclaim it, before addressing himself to the several charges brought by Eliphaz. He has not ill used his slaves, either male or female. He has not "despised their cause," but given it full consideration and attention; he has heard them when they contended with him; he has allowed them to "contend;" he has been a just, and not a hard master. The slavery of which he speaks is evidently of a kind under which the slave had certain rights, as was the case also under the Mosaic Law (Exodus 21:2-11).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
If
אִם־ (’im-)
Conjunction
Strong's 518: Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, not

I have rejected
אֶמְאַ֗ס (’em·’as)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular
Strong's 3988: To spurn, to disappear

the cause
מִשְׁפַּ֣ט (miš·paṭ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4941: A verdict, a sentence, formal decree, divine law, penalty, justice, privilege, style

of my manservant
עַ֭בְדִּי (‘aḇ·dî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 5650: Slave, servant

or maidservant
וַאֲמָתִ֑י (wa·’ă·mā·ṯî)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 519: A maidservant, female slave

when they made a complaint
בְּ֝רִבָ֗ם (bə·ri·ḇām)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 7378: To toss, grapple, to wrangle, controversy, to defend

against me,
עִמָּדִֽי׃ (‘im·mā·ḏî)
Preposition | first person common singular
Strong's 5978: Against, by, from, me, mine, of, that I take, unto,


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OT Poetry: Job 31:13 If I have despised the cause (Jb)
Job 31:12
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