Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version Now David was clothed in a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who were carrying the ark, and as were the musicians, and Kenaniah, who was in charge of the singing of the choirs. David also wore a linen ephod. New Living Translation David was dressed in a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who carried the Ark, and also the singers, and Kenaniah the choir leader. David was also wearing a priestly garment. English Standard Version David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, as also were all the Levites who were carrying the ark, and the singers and Chenaniah the leader of the music of the singers. And David wore a linen ephod. Berean Standard Bible Now David was dressed in a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who were carrying the ark, as well as the singers and Chenaniah, the director of music for the singers. David also wore a linen ephod. Berean Literal Bible And David was wrapped in a robe of fine linen, and were all the Levites who bore the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah head of the lifting up of the singers. And on David was an Ephod of linen. King James Bible And David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, and all the Levites that bare the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah the master of the song with the singers: David also had upon him an ephod of linen. New King James Version David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who bore the ark, the singers, and Chenaniah the music master with the singers. David also wore a linen ephod. New American Standard Bible Now David was clothed with a robe of fine linen with all the Levites who were carrying the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah the leader of the singing with the singers. David also wore an ephod of linen. NASB 1995 Now David was clothed with a robe of fine linen with all the Levites who were carrying the ark, and the singers and Chenaniah the leader of the singing with the singers. David also wore an ephod of linen. NASB 1977 Now David was clothed with a robe of fine linen with all the Levites who were carrying the ark, and the singers and Chenaniah the leader of the singing with the singers. David also wore an ephod of linen. Legacy Standard Bible Now David was clothed with a robe of fine linen with all the Levites who were carrying the ark, as well as the singers and Chenaniah the leader of the singing with the singers. David also wore a linen ephod. Amplified Bible David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who carried the ark, and the singers and Chenaniah, director of the music of the singers. David also wore an ephod (a priestly upper garment) of linen. Berean Annotated Bible Now David (beloved) was dressed in a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who were carrying the ark, as well as the singers and Chenaniah (YHWH establishes), the director of music (burden) for the singers. David also wore a linen ephod. Christian Standard Bible Now David was dressed in a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who were carrying the ark, as well as the singers and Chenaniah, the music leader of the singers. David also wore a linen ephod. Holman Christian Standard Bible Now David was dressed in a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who were carrying the ark, as well as the singers and Chenaniah, the music leader of the singers. David also wore a linen ephod. American Standard Version And David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, and all the Levites that bare the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah the master of the song with the singers: and David had upon him an ephod of linen. Contemporary English Version David, the Levites, Chenaniah the music director, and all the musicians were wearing linen robes, and David was also wearing a linen cloth. English Revised Version And David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, and all the Levites that bare the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah the master of the song with the singers: and David had upon him an ephod of linen. GOD'S WORD® Translation David was dressed in a fine linen robe, as were all the Levites who carried the ark, the [Levites who were] singers, and Chenaniah, the leader of the musicians' prophetic songs. David also wore a linen ephod. Good News Translation David was wearing a robe made of the finest linen, and so were the musicians, Chenaniah their leader, and the Levites who carried the Box. David also wore a linen ephod. International Standard Version David wore a robe made from fine linen, as did all of the descendants of Levi who were carrying the ark, the singers, and Chenaniah the music and choir director. David also wore a linen ephod. NET Bible David was wrapped in a linen robe, as were all the Levites carrying the ark, the musicians, and Kenaniah the supervisor of transport and the musicians; David also wore a linen ephod. New Heart English Bible David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, and all the Levites who bore the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah the master of the song with the singers: and David had on him an ephod of linen. Webster's Bible Translation And David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, and all the Levites that bore the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah the master of the song with the singers: David also had upon him an ephod of linen. Majority Text Translations Majority Standard BibleNow David was dressed in a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who were carrying the ark, as well as the singers and Chenaniah, the director of music for the singers. David also wore a linen ephod. World English Bible David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who bore the ark, the singers, and Chenaniah the choir master with the singers; and David had an ephod of linen on him. Literal Translations Literal Standard VersionAnd David is wrapped in an upper robe of fine linen, and all the Levites who are carrying the Ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah head of the burden of the singers; and an Ephod of linen [is] on David. Berean Literal Bible And David was wrapped in a robe of fine linen, and were all the Levites who bore the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah head of the lifting up of the singers. And on David was an Ephod of linen. Young's Literal Translation And David is wrapped in an upper robe of fine linen, and all the Levites who are bearing the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah head of the burden of the singers; and on David is an Ephod of linen. Smith's Literal Translation And David being girded with an upper garment of byssus, and all the Levites lifting up the ark and those singing, and Chenaniah the chief of the lifting up of those singing: and upon David an ephod of linen. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleAnd David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, and all the Levites that carried the ark, and the singing men, and Chonenias the ruler of the prophecy among the singers: and David also had on him an ephod of linen. Catholic Public Domain Version Now David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who were carrying the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah, the leader of the prophecy among the singers. But David was also clothed with a linen ephod. New American Bible David was vested in a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who carried the ark, the singers, and Chenaniah, the leader of song; David was also wearing a linen ephod. New Revised Standard Version David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, as also were all the Levites who were carrying the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah the leader of the music of the singers; and David wore a linen ephod. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleAnd David was clothed with robes of fine linen, and all the Levites who bore the ark were also clothed with robes of fine linen; and David wore upon his linen garments an ephod of fine linen. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated And David was clothed with a robe of fine white linen, and all the Levites who bore the Ark were wearing also robes of fine white linen, and on top of David’s robe of fine white linen, he was clothed with an ephod of fine white linen. OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917And David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, and all the Levites that bore the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah the master of the singers in the song; and David had upon him an ephod of linen. Brenton Septuagint Translation And David was girt with a fine linen robe, and all the Levites who were bearing the ark of the covenant of the Lord, and the singers, and Chonenias the master of the band of singers; also upon David there was a robe of fine linen. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context Moving the Ark to Jerusalem…26And because God helped the Levites who were carrying the ark of the covenant of the LORD, they sacrificed seven bulls and seven rams. 27Now David was dressed in a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who were carrying the ark, as well as the singers and Chenaniah, the director of music for the singers. David also wore a linen ephod. 28So all Israel brought up the ark of the covenant of the LORD with shouting, with the sounding of rams’ horns and trumpets, and with cymbals and the music of harps and lyres.… Cross References Now David was dressed in a robe of fine linen, 2 Chronicles 5:12-13 all the Levitical singers—Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun, and their sons and relatives—stood on the east side of the altar, dressed in fine linen and playing cymbals, harps, and lyres, accompanied by 120 priests sounding trumpets. / The trumpeters and singers joined together to praise and thank the LORD with one voice. They lifted up their voices, accompanied by trumpets, cymbals, and musical instruments, in praise to the LORD: “For He is good; His loving devotion endures forever.” And the temple, the house of the LORD, was filled with a cloud Exodus 28:39 You are to weave the tunic with fine linen, make the turban of fine linen, and fashion an embroidered sash. Ezekiel 44:17-18 When they enter the gates of the inner court, they are to wear linen garments; they must not wear anything made of wool when they minister at the gates of the inner court or inside the temple. / They are to wear linen turbans on their heads and linen undergarments around their waists. They must not wear anything that makes them perspire. as were all the Levites who were carrying the ark, Numbers 4:15 When Aaron and his sons have finished covering the holy objects and all their equipment, as soon as the camp is ready to move, the Kohathites shall come and do the carrying. But they must not touch the holy objects, or they will die. These are the transportation duties of the Kohathites regarding the Tent of Meeting. Deuteronomy 10:8 At that time the LORD set apart the tribe of Levi to carry the ark of the covenant of the LORD, to stand before the LORD to serve Him, and to pronounce blessings in His name, as they do to this day. Joshua 3:3 and commanded the people: “When you see the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God being carried by the Levitical priests, you are to set out from your positions and follow it. as well as the singers 2 Chronicles 20:21 Then Jehoshaphat consulted with the people and appointed those who would sing to the LORD and praise the splendor of His holiness. As they went out before the army, they were singing: “Give thanks to the LORD, for His loving devotion endures forever.” Ezra 3:10-11 When the builders had laid the foundation of the temple of the LORD, the priests in their apparel with trumpets, and the Levites (the sons of Asaph) with cymbals, took their positions to praise the LORD, as David king of Israel had prescribed. / And they sang responsively with praise and thanksgiving to the LORD: “For He is good; for His loving devotion to Israel endures forever.” Then all the people gave a great shout of praise to the LORD, because the foundation of the house of the LORD had been laid. Nehemiah 12:42-43 and also Maaseiah, Shemaiah, Eleazar, Uzzi, Jehohanan, Malchijah, Elam, and Ezer. Then the choirs sang out under the direction of Jezrahiah. / On that day they offered great sacrifices, rejoicing because God had given them great joy. The women and children also rejoiced, so that the joy of Jerusalem was heard from afar. and Chenaniah, the director of music for the singers. 1 Chronicles 6:31-32 These are the men David put in charge of the music in the house of the LORD after the ark rested there. / They ministered with song before the tabernacle, the Tent of Meeting, until Solomon built the house of the LORD in Jerusalem. And they performed their duties according to the regulations given them. 1 Chronicles 25:1-2 Additionally, David and the commanders of the army set apart some of the sons of Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun to prophesy with the accompaniment of lyres, harps, and cymbals. The following is the list of the men who performed this service: / From the sons of Asaph: Zaccur, Joseph, Nethaniah, and Asarelah. These sons of Asaph were under the direction of Asaph, who prophesied under the direction of the king. 2 Chronicles 29:25 Hezekiah stationed the Levites in the house of the LORD with cymbals, harps, and lyres according to the command of David, of Gad the king’s seer, and of Nathan the prophet. For the command had come from the LORD through His prophets. David also wore a linen ephod. 2 Samuel 6:14 And David, wearing a linen ephod, danced with all his might before the LORD, 1 Samuel 22:18 So the king ordered Doeg, “You turn and strike down the priests!” And Doeg the Edomite turned and struck down the priests himself. On that day he killed eighty-five men who wore the linen ephod. 1 Samuel 2:18 Now Samuel was ministering before the LORD—a boy wearing a linen ephod. 2 Samuel 6:20-23 When David returned home to bless his own household, Saul’s daughter Michal came out to meet him. “How the king of Israel has distinguished himself today!” she said. “He has uncovered himself today in the sight of the maidservants of his subjects, like a vulgar person would do.” / But David said to Michal, “I was dancing before the LORD, who chose me over your father and all his house when He appointed me ruler over the LORD’s people Israel. I will celebrate before the LORD, / and I will humiliate and humble myself even more than this. Yet I will be honored by the maidservants of whom you have spoken.” … Treasury of Scripture And David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, and all the Levites that bore the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah the master of the song with the singers: David also had on him an ephod of linen. a robe 1 Samuel 2:18 But Samuel ministered before the LORD, being a child, girded with a linen ephod. 2 Samuel 6:14 And David danced before the LORD with all his might; and David was girded with a linen ephod. Chenaniah 1 Chronicles 15:22 And Chenaniah, chief of the Levites, was for song: he instructed about the song, because he was skilful. song. 1 Chronicles 15:22 And Chenaniah, chief of the Levites, was for song: he instructed about the song, because he was skilful. Jump to Previous Ark Bare Bearing Bore Burden Carrying Charge Chenaniah Chenani'ah Choirs Clothed David Ephod Fair Fine Head Kenaniah Linen Master Melody Music Robe Singers Singing Song Upper Wore WrappedJump to Next Ark Bare Bearing Bore Burden Carrying Charge Chenaniah Chenani'ah Choirs Clothed David Ephod Fair Fine Head Kenaniah Linen Master Melody Music Robe Singers Singing Song Upper Wore Wrapped1 Chronicles 15 1. David having prepared a place for the ark,15. the priests and Levites bring it from Obed-Edom 25. He performs the solemnity thereof with great joy 29. Michal despises him Now David was dressed in a robe of fine linen David's attire signifies his role in the religious ceremony, emphasizing humility and reverence. Fine linen was often used for priestly garments (Exodus 28:39-42), symbolizing purity and holiness. This choice of clothing reflects David's desire to honor God and align himself with the Levitical priests during the ark's procession. as were all the Levites who were carrying the ark as well as the singers and Chenaniah, the director of music for the singers David also wore a linen ephod Persons / Places / Events 1. DavidThe King of Israel, who is leading the procession to bring the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem. His attire signifies humility and reverence. 2. Levites Members of the tribe of Levi, chosen to carry the Ark. Their role is crucial as they are set apart for religious duties. 3. Singers Individuals appointed to lead worship through music during the procession. Their involvement highlights the importance of worship in the event. 4. Kenaniah The leader of the music of the singers, indicating an organized and structured approach to worship. 5. Ark of the Covenant The sacred chest representing God's presence, being transported to Jerusalem, symbolizing God's dwelling among His people. Teaching Points Humility in LeadershipDavid, despite being king, dresses in a simple linen robe and ephod, demonstrating humility and reverence before God. Leaders today should emulate this humility in their service. The Role of Worship The involvement of singers and musicians underscores the importance of worship in approaching God. Worship should be central in our lives, both individually and corporately. Reverence for God's Presence The careful transportation of the Ark by the Levites highlights the need for reverence and respect for God's presence. We should approach God with the same respect and awe. Unity in Worship The collective participation of David, the Levites, and the singers illustrates the unity required in worship. Believers are called to worship together in harmony. Symbolism of the Ephod David wearing the ephod, typically a priestly garment, signifies his role as a spiritual leader. It reminds us that all believers are called to be a "royal priesthood" (1 Peter 2:9). Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of 1 Chronicles 15:27?2. How does David's attire in 1 Chronicles 15:27 reflect his reverence for God? 3. What role did the Levites play in the procession described in 1 Chronicles 15:27? 4. How can we, like David, honor God in our worship practices today? 5. Compare David's leadership in 1 Chronicles 15:27 with other biblical leaders' worship examples. 6. How does 1 Chronicles 15:27 inspire us to prioritize God's presence in our lives? 7. Why did David wear a linen ephod in 1 Chronicles 15:27? 8. What is the significance of the linen ephod in biblical times? 9. How does 1 Chronicles 15:27 reflect David's humility before God? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from 1 Chronicles 15? 11. In 1 Chronicles 15:27, David wears an ephod traditionally reserved for priests—how do we explain this apparent merging of royal and priestly roles without violating Mosaic Law? 12. Did David dance nude before the Lord? 13. Did David dance nude before the Lord? 14. In 1 Chronicles 15:29, Michal criticizes David’s dance—does this episode conflict with the portrayal of Michal in 2 Samuel, creating an inconsistency in her character and motives? What Does 1 Chronicles 15:27 Mean Now David was dressed in a robe of fine linen• Fine linen is the material ordained for priestly garments (Exodus 28:39–41), signaling purity and consecration. • Though David is king, he submits himself under God’s order, modeling servant leadership (Matthew 20:26–28). • His linen robe foreshadows Christ, the true King–Priest clothed “in fine linen, dazzling and white” (Revelation 19:11-14). • The text states it simply and factually, affirming a historical moment—David literally put on this garment. as were all the Levites who were carrying the ark • The Levites’ matching attire underscores unity and holiness in service (Numbers 4:15; 2 Chronicles 5:11-13). • Carrying the ark was a sacred duty restricted to Levites by direct command (Deuteronomy 10:8). Their linen robes testify that obedience to God’s pattern brings blessing (1 Chronicles 15:26). • Together, king and priests demonstrate that worship involves the whole covenant community under God’s authority (1 Peter 2:9). as well as the singers and Chenaniah, the director of music for the singers • Music leaders join the procession in the same holy attire, teaching that praise is as consecrated as any other ministry (Psalm 33:1-3; Colossians 3:16). • Chenaniah’s role shows God values ordered, skilled worship (1 Chronicles 15:22: “Chenaniah… instructed in singing because he was skillful”). • Their inclusion illustrates that every gifting—carrying, leading, singing—fits together in God’s plan (Romans 12:4-8). David also wore a linen ephod • The ephod, a sleeveless priestly vest, was prescribed for ministering before the Lord (Exodus 28:4; Leviticus 8:7). • In 2 Samuel 6:14, the parallel account notes, “David was dancing before the LORD with all his might, wearing a linen ephod,” tying physical expression to inward devotion. • By wearing both robe and ephod, David acts as a type of Christ, the ultimate Mediator who unites royal authority with priestly intercession (Hebrews 7:26-28). • The literal ephod on David points to the tangible reality of God’s covenant presence; worship is not abstract but embodied. summary David, the Levites, the musicians, and their leader all clothe themselves in fine linen, visually declaring purity, unity, and submission to God’s revealed order. The king joins the priests in their garments, anticipating the perfect union of kingship and priesthood in Christ. This moment—recorded exactly as it happened—reminds us that every role in worship is holy, every act of obedience matters, and God’s presence is approached with consecrated joy. (27) And David was clothed with a robe of fine linen.--Samuel reads, "And David was dancing before Jehovah with all might" (Heb.). The Hebrew of our text may be a corruption or intentional alteration of this. The word for "clothed" is the Aramaic (Daniel 3:21, m?kurb?l), which might easily be, by inadvertence or design, substituted for the rare word m?kark?r (Sam.), "dancing."A robe of fine linen.--Heb., a me'il of byssus. The me'il was an upper garment worn by persons of rank (2Samuel 12:18; 1Samuel 15:27; Job 29:14). And all the Levites . . . and the singers, and Chenaniah.--Scil., were clothed with a me'il of byssus. The master of the song.--Rather, the chief (overseer) of the bearing. (Comp. 1Chronicles 15:22.) . . . Verse 27. - Several things in this verse indicate a somewhat uncertain and unsteady selection of particulars by the compiler from his original sources. The natural reading of the verse would seem to say that David and all those Levites who bore the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah, all wore the robe of byssus, while David had, in addition, the ephod of linen. Yet it is unlikely that all did wear the robe. Again, the Hebrew text exhibits no preposition before the singers, on the second occasion of the occurrence of the expression in this verse. Yet little sense can be found without a preposition. The robe was not distinctively a priest's garment (1 Samuel 18:4; 1 Samuel 24:5, 12; 2 Samuel 13:18; Job 1:20; Job 2:12), though priests did wear it. The robe of byssus is spoken of only here; 2 Chronicles 5:12; and Esther 8:15. Byssus, however, is spoken of as material for other purposes in 1 Chronicles 4:21; 2 Chronicles 2:14; 2 Chronicles 3:14; Esther 1:6; Ezekiel 27:16. The ephod, on the other hand, was no doubt distinctively a high priest's garment (Exodus 28:4-12), though we read of Samuel wearing one (1 Samuel 2:18, 28), and of David doing the same, as on this occasion. The fine linen (בּוצ), in the first clause of this verse, is not the same with that (בָּך) in the last clause. The first clause of this verse (which makes the last clause somewhat redundant) bears some resemblance in letters to the 2 Samuel 6:14 fourteenth verse of 2 Samuel 6. first clause, which means, "and David danced with all his might," and the two clauses exactly answer to one another in position - another suggestion of an uncertain text here.Parallel Commentaries ... Hebrew Now Davidוְדָוִ֞יד (wə·ḏā·wîḏ) Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 1732: David -- perhaps 'beloved one', a son of Jesse was dressed מְכֻרְבָּ֣ל ׀ (mə·ḵur·bāl) Verb - Pual - Participle - masculine singular Strong's 3736: To gird, clothe in a robe בִּמְעִ֣יל (bim·‘îl) Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 4598: A robe of fine linen, בּ֗וּץ (būṣ) Noun - masculine singular Strong's 948: Cotton as were all וְכָל־ (wə·ḵāl) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every the Levites הַלְוִיִּם֙ (hal·wî·yim) Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural Strong's 3881: Levites -- descendant of Levi who were carrying הַנֹּשְׂאִ֣ים (han·nō·śə·’îm) Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural Strong's 5375: To lift, carry, take the ark, הָאָר֔וֹן (hā·’ā·rō·wn) Article | Noun - common singular Strong's 727: A chest, ark as well as the singers וְהַמְשֹׁ֣רְרִ֔ים (wə·ham·šō·rə·rîm) Conjunctive waw, Article | Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine plural Strong's 7891: To sing and Chenaniah, וּכְנַנְיָ֛ה (ū·ḵə·nan·yāh) Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 3663: Chenaniah -- two Israelites the director הַשַּׂ֥ר (haś·śar) Article | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 8269: Chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince of music הַמַּשָּׂ֖א (ham·maś·śā) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 4853: A burden, tribute, porterage, an utterance, chiefly a, doom, singing, mental, desire for the singers. הַמְשֹֽׁרְרִ֑ים (ham·šō·rə·rîm) Article | Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine plural Strong's 7891: To sing David דָּוִ֖יד (dā·wîḏ) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 1732: David -- perhaps 'beloved one', a son of Jesse also wore a linen בָּֽד׃ (bāḏ) Noun - masculine singular Strong's 906: Flaxen thread, yarn, a linen garment ephod. אֵפ֥וֹד (’ê·p̄ō·wḏ) Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 646: A girdle, the ephod, highpriest's shoulder-piece, an image Links 1 Chronicles 15:27 NIV1 Chronicles 15:27 NLT 1 Chronicles 15:27 ESV 1 Chronicles 15:27 NASB 1 Chronicles 15:27 KJV 1 Chronicles 15:27 BibleApps.com 1 Chronicles 15:27 Biblia Paralela 1 Chronicles 15:27 Chinese Bible 1 Chronicles 15:27 French Bible 1 Chronicles 15:27 Catholic Bible OT History: 1 Chronicles 15:27 David was clothed with a robe (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr) |
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