This is what the Lord GOD says
This phrase underscores the divine authority and origin of the message. In Hebrew, "Lord GOD" is "Adonai Yahweh," emphasizing both the sovereignty and the covenantal relationship God has with His people. This introduction sets the tone for the seriousness and sacredness of the instructions that follow, reminding us that these are not mere human traditions but divinely ordained practices.

The gate of the inner court that faces east
The east-facing gate holds significant symbolic meaning in biblical literature. In ancient Near Eastern culture, the east was often associated with the direction of the rising sun, symbolizing new beginnings and divine presence. The inner court refers to the sacred space within the temple complex, reserved for priestly activities. The east-facing gate, therefore, represents a point of access to the divine, a place where heaven and earth meet.

must be shut for the six working days
The instruction to keep the gate shut during the six working days highlights the distinction between the sacred and the secular. The six days of labor reflect the creation narrative in Genesis, where God worked for six days and rested on the seventh. This pattern establishes a rhythm of work and rest, underscoring the importance of dedicating time to both earthly responsibilities and spiritual reflection.

but on the Sabbath day and the New Moon it shall be opened
The opening of the gate on the Sabbath and New Moon signifies special times of worship and divine encounter. The Sabbath, instituted in the Ten Commandments, is a day of rest and spiritual renewal, a covenant sign between God and His people. The New Moon, marking the beginning of a new month, was also a time for special offerings and worship in ancient Israel. Together, these occasions remind believers of the importance of setting aside regular times for worship, reflection, and communion with God, reinforcing the rhythm of sacred time in the life of the community.

The prince
In the context of Ezekiel, "the prince" refers to a leader or ruler among the people of Israel. Historically, this term is often associated with the Davidic line, symbolizing a messianic figure or a leader who is to guide the people in righteousness. The Hebrew word used here is "nasi," which can mean a leader, chief, or prince. This figure is not a king but holds a significant position of authority and responsibility in the religious and communal life of Israel. The prince's role is both political and spiritual, serving as a mediator between God and the people.

is to enter from the outside
This phrase indicates the prince's approach to the temple, emphasizing humility and reverence. Entering "from the outside" suggests a transition from the secular to the sacred, a movement from the common world into the holy presence of God. It reflects the necessary preparation and purification required before approaching the divine. This act symbolizes the prince's acknowledgment of God's sovereignty and the need for divine guidance in leadership.

through the portico of the gateway
The "portico of the gateway" refers to a specific architectural feature of the temple, a covered entrance that serves as a transitional space. In ancient Near Eastern architecture, such structures were common and symbolized a passage from one realm to another. Spiritually, this passage represents the movement from the profane to the sacred, a journey that requires introspection and readiness to encounter God. The portico serves as a place of preparation and reflection before entering the holy space.

and stand by the gatepost
Standing "by the gatepost" signifies a position of readiness and anticipation. The gatepost marks the boundary between the outside world and the sacred space of the temple. In biblical symbolism, standing at the gatepost can represent a moment of decision or commitment, a place where one pauses to reflect on the significance of entering into God's presence. It is a moment of humility and submission, acknowledging God's authority and the prince's role as a servant leader.

The priests are to offer his burnt offerings and peace offerings
The involvement of priests in offering "burnt offerings and peace offerings" highlights the communal and intercessory nature of worship. Burnt offerings, or "olah" in Hebrew, were sacrifices wholly consumed by fire, symbolizing complete devotion to God. Peace offerings, or "shelamim," were expressions of gratitude and fellowship with God. The priests, as mediators, facilitate the prince's offerings, underscoring the importance of proper worship and the need for spiritual leaders to guide the community in their relationship with God.

He is to worship at the threshold of the gateway
Worshiping "at the threshold of the gateway" emphasizes the prince's reverence and submission before entering the sacred space. The threshold represents a liminal space, a point of transition where the prince acknowledges God's holiness and his own need for divine grace. This act of worship is a profound expression of humility and recognition of God's majesty, setting the tone for the prince's leadership and service to the people.

and then go out
The phrase "and then go out" indicates that the prince's worship is not confined to the temple but extends into his daily life and leadership. After encountering God, the prince returns to his duties, carrying the spiritual insights and blessings received during worship. This movement from worship to action reflects the biblical principle that true worship leads to transformed living and faithful service in the world.

but the gate must not be shut until evening
The instruction that "the gate must not be shut until evening" signifies the openness and accessibility of God's presence throughout the day. It symbolizes the ongoing opportunity for worship and communion with God, inviting the community to engage with the divine continually. The open gate serves as a reminder of God's enduring invitation to His people to seek Him and live in His presence, fostering a spirit of continual devotion and reliance on His guidance.

The people of the land
This phrase refers to the Israelites, God's chosen people, who were given the Promised Land. In the Hebrew context, "people of the land" (Hebrew: "am ha'aretz") often denotes the common people, distinct from the priests and leaders. Historically, this term underscores the communal aspect of worship, emphasizing that all members of society, regardless of status, are called to worship God. It reflects the inclusive nature of God's covenant with Israel, where every individual is invited to participate in the sacred rituals.

will also bow down
The act of bowing down is a physical expression of worship and submission. In Hebrew, the word "bow down" (Hebrew: "shachah") conveys a deep reverence and acknowledgment of God's sovereignty. This posture of humility is a recurring theme in Scripture, symbolizing the worshiper's recognition of God's majesty and authority. It is a reminder that true worship involves both the heart and the body, aligning one's entire being in adoration of the Creator.

before the LORD
This phrase highlights the object of worship: the LORD, Yahweh, the covenant-keeping God of Israel. In the Hebrew tradition, "before the LORD" signifies being in the presence of the Almighty, a place of holiness and reverence. It underscores the personal relationship between God and His people, where worship is not just a ritual but a direct encounter with the divine. This phrase calls believers to approach God with awe and respect, acknowledging His holiness and grace.

at the entrance of that gate
The gate mentioned here is likely the eastern gate of the temple, a significant location in Ezekiel's vision of the restored temple. In ancient Near Eastern culture, gates were places of gathering, judgment, and commerce, but in the temple context, they symbolize access to God's presence. The entrance of the gate represents the threshold between the secular and the sacred, inviting worshipers to leave behind worldly concerns and enter into a space dedicated to divine communion.

on the Sabbaths and New Moons
The Sabbaths and New Moons were appointed times of worship and rest in the Jewish calendar. The Sabbath, observed weekly, is a day of rest and spiritual renewal, commemorating God's creation and covenant. The New Moon, marking the beginning of each month, was a time for special offerings and celebrations. These observances remind believers of the rhythm of worship woven into the fabric of time, calling them to regular intervals of reflection, gratitude, and dedication to God. They serve as a testament to God's provision and faithfulness, encouraging His people to trust in His eternal promises.

On the Sabbaths
The term "Sabbaths" refers to the weekly day of rest and worship instituted by God in the Mosaic Law, observed from Friday evening to Saturday evening. The Hebrew word "Shabbat" signifies cessation or rest, emphasizing the importance of dedicating time to God and spiritual reflection. Historically, the Sabbath was a sign of the covenant between God and Israel, a day set apart for holiness and rest, reminding the people of God's creation and deliverance.

the prince
In the context of Ezekiel, "the prince" is a significant figure, often interpreted as a leader or ruler in the restored Israel. The Hebrew word "nasi" can mean a leader or chief, and in Ezekiel's vision, the prince has specific roles and responsibilities in the temple worship. This figure is seen as a representative of the people before God, highlighting the importance of leadership that honors and upholds divine ordinances.

shall offer to the LORD
The act of offering "to the LORD" underscores the principle of worship and sacrifice directed towards God. The Hebrew root "qarab" means to bring near or present, indicating the intention of drawing close to God through acts of devotion. This phrase reflects the heart of worship, where offerings are not merely ritualistic but are expressions of reverence and gratitude to the Almighty.

an ephah of flour
An "ephah" is a unit of dry measure used in ancient Israel, approximately equivalent to 22 liters or about half a bushel. The use of flour in offerings symbolizes sustenance and provision, acknowledging God as the provider of all needs. The grain offering, or "minchah" in Hebrew, was a voluntary act of worship, representing the fruits of one's labor and a dedication of daily life to God.

as a grain offering
The "grain offering" was a significant part of the sacrificial system, symbolizing dedication and thanksgiving. In Hebrew, "minchah" denotes a gift or tribute, often associated with offerings of gratitude and devotion. This offering was a reminder of God's provision and the worshiper's dependence on Him, fostering a spirit of thankfulness and commitment.

with six ephahs of flour as the grain offering
The specification of "six ephahs of flour" indicates the abundance and generosity expected in the prince's offering. The number six, often associated with human effort and labor, suggests a comprehensive dedication of one's work to God. This detail emphasizes the importance of giving generously and wholeheartedly in worship, reflecting a life fully surrendered to God's purposes.

and a hin of oil
A "hin" is a unit of liquid measure, approximately 3.7 liters or about one gallon. Oil, often used in anointing and offerings, symbolizes the Holy Spirit, consecration, and blessing. The inclusion of oil in the offering highlights the need for spiritual anointing and the presence of God's Spirit in worship. It serves as a reminder of the sanctifying work of the Holy Spirit in the life of the believer, empowering and purifying for service to God.

The grain offering
The Hebrew term for "grain offering" is "minchah," which signifies a gift or tribute. In the context of ancient Israel, it was an offering of fine flour, oil, and frankincense, symbolizing the dedication of one's labor and sustenance to God. This offering reflects the worshiper's acknowledgment of God's provision and their dependence on Him. It is a reminder of the spiritual nourishment that God provides, paralleling the physical sustenance of grain.

with the ram
The ram, in biblical symbolism, often represents strength and leadership. It was a significant animal in sacrificial rituals, symbolizing atonement and consecration. The inclusion of a grain offering with the ram underscores the completeness of the offering, combining both animal sacrifice and the fruits of the earth, signifying a holistic devotion to God.

shall be an ephah
An ephah is a unit of measurement used in ancient Israel, roughly equivalent to 22 liters or about half a bushel. The specification of an ephah for the grain offering indicates a standard measure, ensuring that the offering is substantial and meaningful. It reflects the principle of giving generously and consistently to God, as He has abundantly provided for His people.

and the grain offering with the lambs
The lambs, often associated with innocence and purity, were central to sacrificial practices, especially in the Passover. The grain offering accompanying the lambs signifies a complementary act of worship, where the purity and innocence of the lamb are paired with the fruits of human labor, creating a complete and pleasing offering to God.

shall be as much as one is able to give
This phrase introduces a principle of proportional giving, emphasizing the heart and willingness of the giver over the quantity. It reflects the biblical teaching that God values the intention and sacrifice behind the offering more than the offering itself. This principle encourages believers to give according to their means, fostering a spirit of generosity and gratitude.

along with a hin of oil per ephah
A hin is another ancient measurement, approximately 3.7 liters or about one gallon. Oil, often symbolizing the Holy Spirit, anointing, and blessing, was a crucial component of offerings. The inclusion of oil with the grain offering signifies the need for divine presence and blessing in the act of worship. It highlights the importance of the Holy Spirit in sanctifying and empowering the believer's offering, making it acceptable and pleasing to God.

On the day of the New Moon
The New Moon was a significant time in the Hebrew calendar, marking the beginning of a new month. In ancient Israel, the New Moon was a time of renewal and dedication, symbolizing a fresh start and a reminder of God's creation and sovereignty over time. The Hebrew word for "New Moon" is "Rosh Chodesh," which literally means "head of the month." This observance was not only a time for sacrifices but also for communal gathering and worship, reflecting the importance of aligning one's life with God's ordained times.

you are to offer
The act of offering in the Hebrew context is deeply rooted in the concept of worship and devotion. The Hebrew word "qarab" means to bring near or present, indicating that offerings were a means of drawing closer to God. This phrase underscores the importance of intentionality in worship, where offerings are not mere rituals but acts of heartfelt devotion and obedience to God's commands.

a young, unblemished bull
The requirement for a "young, unblemished bull" signifies purity and strength. In Hebrew, "tamim" means complete or perfect, emphasizing the need for offerings to be without defect. The bull, a symbol of strength and service, represents the best of what one has to offer to God. This reflects the principle that God deserves our best, and our offerings should be a reflection of our reverence and gratitude.

six lambs
Lambs were commonly used in sacrificial offerings, symbolizing innocence and submission. The number six, often associated with human effort and imperfection, contrasts with the perfection required in the offerings. This juxtaposition highlights the need for divine grace and the insufficiency of human efforts alone to achieve righteousness. The lambs, therefore, serve as a reminder of the need for humility and reliance on God's provision.

and a ram without blemish
The ram, like the bull, was a significant sacrificial animal, often associated with leadership and atonement. The requirement for it to be "without blemish" reiterates the theme of purity and perfection in offerings. In Hebrew, "ayil" refers to a mature male sheep, symbolizing strength and authority. This offering points to the ultimate sacrifice of Christ, the Lamb of God, who was without blemish and provided the perfect atonement for sin.

without blemish
This phrase is crucial in understanding the nature of acceptable offerings to God. The Hebrew word "tamim" again emphasizes the need for completeness and perfection. In a broader theological context, it points to the holiness and perfection of God, who requires that His people strive for purity in their worship and lives. This standard foreshadows the perfect sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who fulfilled the law's requirements and provided a way for believers to be made righteous before God.

He shall provide
This phrase indicates a command or expectation placed upon the prince or leader. The Hebrew root word here is "נָתַן" (natan), meaning "to give" or "to provide." This reflects the responsibility of leadership in worship, emphasizing the role of the leader in facilitating and ensuring proper worship practices. It underscores the principle that leaders are to be providers and facilitators of spiritual nourishment and offerings to God.

a grain offering
The grain offering, or "מִנְחָה" (minchah) in Hebrew, was a significant part of the sacrificial system, symbolizing the dedication of the fruits of one's labor to God. It represents the offering of one's sustenance and livelihood, acknowledging God's provision and sovereignty. This offering was typically made of fine flour, oil, and frankincense, signifying purity, richness, and a pleasing aroma to the Lord.

of an ephah
An ephah is a unit of measurement used in ancient Israel, roughly equivalent to 22 liters or about half a bushel. The use of specific measurements in offerings highlights the importance of order and precision in worship. It reflects the idea that God is a God of order, and our worship should be conducted with intentionality and care.

with the bull
The bull, or "פַּר" (par) in Hebrew, was often used in sacrifices for atonement and purification. It symbolizes strength and service, and its use in offerings underscores the need for a powerful and complete sacrifice to atone for sin. The bull's inclusion in the offering points to the seriousness of sin and the need for a substantial offering to cover it.

an ephah with the ram
The ram, or "אַיִל" (ayil), is another significant sacrificial animal, often associated with consecration and dedication. The ram's use in offerings signifies a commitment to God and a willingness to dedicate oneself wholly to His service. The repetition of "an ephah" with each animal emphasizes consistency and equality in the offerings, reflecting fairness and balance in worship.

and with the lambs
Lambs, or "כֶּבֶשׂ" (keves), are frequently associated with innocence and purity. They are a common sacrificial animal, symbolizing the innocence required for atonement. The lambs' inclusion in the offering points to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world.

as much as he is able
This phrase introduces an element of flexibility and personal capacity in the offerings. It acknowledges that not everyone has the same resources, and God honors the heart and intention behind the offering rather than the quantity. This principle is echoed in the New Testament, where believers are encouraged to give according to their means and with a cheerful heart.

along with a hin of oil per ephah
A hin is another unit of measurement, approximately 3.7 liters. Oil, or "שֶׁמֶן" (shemen), was used in offerings to symbolize the Holy Spirit, anointing, and consecration. The inclusion of oil with the grain offering signifies the need for the Holy Spirit's presence and blessing in our offerings and worship. It reminds believers that true worship is not just about external actions but also about the internal work of the Spirit in our lives.

When the prince enters
The term "prince" in this context refers to a leader or ruler, often understood as a messianic figure or a Davidic prince in the eschatological vision of Ezekiel. The Hebrew word used here is "nāśî'," which can denote a leader or chief. This prince is not a king but a representative leader, possibly symbolizing Christ or a future leader in the restored Israel. The entrance of the prince signifies a moment of reverence and order, reflecting the structured worship and governance in the millennial temple.

he shall go in through the portico of the gateway
The "portico" or "porch" of the gateway is a significant architectural feature in ancient Near Eastern temples, serving as a transitional space between the outer courts and the inner sanctuaries. The Hebrew term "ʾûlam" refers to this covered entrance, which is both a place of preparation and a symbol of the sacred threshold. The prince's entry through this specific route underscores the sanctity and prescribed order of worship, emphasizing that access to God's presence is not haphazard but follows divine ordinance.

and he shall go out the same way
This phrase highlights the principle of order and reverence in worship. The instruction for the prince to exit the same way he entered suggests a respect for the sacred space and the rituals associated with it. It reflects a broader biblical theme of entering and exiting God's presence with intentionality and respect. The Hebrew concept here implies a cyclical pattern, reinforcing the idea that worship is a continuous, reverent act, not merely a one-time event. This mirrors the Christian life, where believers are called to live in a constant state of worship and obedience, entering and exiting God's presence with humility and reverence.

When the people of the land
This phrase refers to the Israelites, the covenant people of God, who are called to gather for worship. The Hebrew term for "people" (עַם, 'am) emphasizes a collective identity, underscoring the communal aspect of worship. Historically, this reflects the unity and shared purpose of the Israelites as they come together to honor God during significant religious observances.

come before the LORD
The act of coming before the LORD signifies entering into His presence, a sacred and reverent act. The Hebrew root for "come" (בּוֹא, bo) implies movement towards a divine encounter. This phrase highlights the privilege and responsibility of approaching God, emphasizing the holiness and reverence required in worship.

at the appointed feasts
The "appointed feasts" (מוֹעֵד, mo'ed) are divinely ordained times for worship and celebration, such as Passover, Pentecost, and the Feast of Tabernacles. These feasts are not merely cultural events but are deeply rooted in the covenant relationship between God and His people, serving as reminders of His faithfulness and provision.

whoever enters by the north gate
The instruction regarding the north gate reflects the orderly and intentional nature of worship. The north gate, part of the temple's structure, symbolizes a specific point of entry, suggesting that worship is not haphazard but follows a divinely established order.

to worship
Worship (שָׁחָה, shachah) in this context involves bowing down or prostrating oneself, indicating deep reverence and submission to God. This act of worship is central to the relationship between God and His people, reflecting an acknowledgment of His sovereignty and majesty.

must go out by the south gate
This directive ensures that worshipers do not leave the same way they entered, symbolizing transformation and renewal. The act of exiting through a different gate signifies a change that occurs through genuine worship, as one encounters God and is spiritually renewed.

and whoever enters by the south gate
Similar to the instruction for those entering by the north gate, this emphasizes the importance of following God's prescribed order in worship. It reinforces the idea that worship is a journey, with a beginning and an end, marked by obedience and reverence.

must go out by the north gate
This mirrors the earlier instruction, underscoring the theme of transformation. The requirement to exit through a different gate serves as a metaphor for the change that worship should bring about in the life of the believer.

No one may return through the gate by which he entered
This prohibition against returning through the same gate highlights the concept of progress and forward movement in the spiritual life. It suggests that worship should lead to growth and change, preventing stagnation and encouraging continual spiritual development.

but must go out by the opposite gate
The phrase "opposite gate" reinforces the idea of contrast and change. It symbolizes the new direction and perspective gained through worship, as believers are called to leave differently than they came, transformed by their encounter with the divine.

When the people of the land come before the LORD at the appointed feasts
This phrase sets the scene for a communal and sacred gathering. The Hebrew word for "people" is "עַם" (am), which often refers to a collective group bound by covenant with God. The "appointed feasts" are "מוֹעֲדִים" (mo'adim), divinely ordained times for worship and remembrance, emphasizing the rhythm of spiritual life in Israel. These feasts were not just cultural events but were deeply spiritual, reminding the people of God's providence and their identity as His chosen people.

whoever enters by the north gate
The "north gate" is significant in the temple layout described by Ezekiel. The Hebrew word for "north" is "צָפוֹן" (tzafon), which can symbolize mystery or hidden things, as the north was often associated with the unknown. Entering through this gate may suggest approaching God with reverence and awe, acknowledging His holiness and the mysteries of His divine will.

to worship shall go out by the south gate
The act of "worship" here is "הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה" (hishtachavah), meaning to bow down or prostrate oneself, indicating deep reverence and submission to God. The instruction to exit by the "south gate" ensures orderly movement and symbolizes transformation. The south, "דָּרוֹם" (darom), often represents brightness or warmth, suggesting that worshippers leave with enlightenment and renewed spirit.

and whoever enters by the south gate shall go out by the north gate
This reciprocal movement underscores the principle of change and renewal. Entering and exiting through different gates symbolizes a journey of spiritual growth. The worshipper is not to leave the same way they came, reflecting the transformative power of encountering God.

No one shall return through the gate by which he entered, but shall go out straight ahead
This directive emphasizes the importance of forward movement in one's spiritual journey. The phrase "straight ahead" suggests integrity and purpose. The Hebrew concept of "יָשָׁר" (yashar), meaning straight or upright, is often associated with righteousness. This instruction encourages believers to pursue a path of righteousness and not revert to old ways after experiencing God's presence.

At the festivals and appointed feasts
This phrase refers to the sacred times set by God for the Israelites to gather and worship. The Hebrew word for "festivals" is "חַג" (chag), which implies a pilgrimage feast, a time of joy and celebration. "Appointed feasts" translates from "מוֹעֵד" (moed), meaning a fixed time or season, often associated with divine appointments. These times were not merely cultural traditions but divinely instituted occasions for worship, reflection, and community. They remind us of the importance of setting aside regular times to honor God, recognizing His sovereignty over time and history.

the grain offering
The grain offering, or "מִנְחָה" (minchah) in Hebrew, was a tribute to God, symbolizing the fruits of human labor and the acknowledgment of God's provision. It was an offering of gratitude and dedication, representing the work of human hands consecrated to the Lord. In a spiritual sense, it calls believers to offer their daily work and efforts to God, recognizing Him as the source of all blessings.

shall be an ephah with a bull, an ephah with a ram
An "ephah" is a unit of dry measure used in ancient Israel, roughly equivalent to 22 liters or about half a bushel. The specific mention of an ephah with a bull and a ram indicates the substantial nature of the offering, reflecting the worshiper's devotion and the significance of the occasion. The bull and the ram were valuable animals, symbolizing strength and leadership, and their inclusion in the offering underscores the importance of giving God our best.

and with the lambs as much as one is able to give
This phrase introduces a principle of proportional giving, where the offering of lambs is based on the individual's capacity. It highlights the grace and flexibility in God's requirements, acknowledging that not everyone has the same resources. This principle encourages believers to give according to their means, emphasizing the heart's willingness over the quantity of the gift.

along with a hin of oil per ephah
A "hin" is a liquid measure, approximately 3.7 liters or about one gallon. Oil was a valuable commodity in ancient times, used for anointing, cooking, and lighting. The inclusion of oil in the offering signifies the richness and completeness of the sacrifice. It symbolizes the Holy Spirit's presence and the anointing that comes from God. The combination of grain and oil in the offering points to a holistic dedication of both material and spiritual resources to God.

When the prince makes a freewill offering
The term "prince" in this context refers to a leader or ruler, often seen as a representative of the people before God. The Hebrew word used here is "nāśî'," which can denote a leader with both political and spiritual responsibilities. The "freewill offering" (Hebrew: "nĕdābâ") signifies a voluntary act of worship, reflecting the heart's desire to honor God without compulsion. This offering is a beautiful expression of devotion, emphasizing the personal relationship between the prince and the LORD.

whether a burnt offering or a peace offering
The "burnt offering" (Hebrew: "ʿōlâ") is a sacrifice that is wholly consumed by fire, symbolizing complete surrender and dedication to God. The "peace offering" (Hebrew: "šĕlāmîm") represents fellowship and thanksgiving, often shared in a communal meal. These offerings highlight different aspects of worship: total devotion and communal gratitude, both essential in a believer's life.

as a freewill offering to the LORD
The phrase underscores the voluntary nature of the offering, emphasizing that it is given out of love and reverence for the LORD, rather than obligation. The Hebrew name for God here is "YHWH," the covenant name of God, reminding us of His faithfulness and the relationship He desires with His people.

the gate facing east is to be opened for him
The "gate facing east" holds significant symbolism in the temple structure, often associated with the presence and glory of God entering from the east. Opening this gate for the prince signifies divine acceptance and the special privilege granted to him as he approaches God with his offering.

He shall offer his burnt offering or his peace offering just as he does on the Sabbath day
This instruction indicates that the offering should be made with the same reverence and procedure as on the Sabbath, a day set apart for rest and worship. It highlights the consistency and regularity of worship practices, ensuring that the prince's offering is made with the same solemnity and devotion.

Then he shall go out, and the gate must be closed after he goes out
The closing of the gate after the prince exits signifies the completion of the offering and the return to the regular order of temple operations. It reflects the sacredness of the moment and the orderly nature of worship, ensuring that the sanctity of the temple is maintained.

And you shall provide
This phrase indicates a commandment, emphasizing the responsibility and duty of the people to offer sacrifices. The Hebrew root word for "provide" is "נָתַן" (natan), which means to give or to present. This reflects the act of giving back to God, acknowledging His sovereignty and provision. In a spiritual sense, it reminds believers of the importance of daily dedication and offering oneself to God.

a lamb a year old without blemish
The specification of "a lamb a year old" signifies purity and innocence, as a young lamb is often seen as a symbol of these qualities. The requirement of being "without blemish" underscores the need for perfection in offerings to God, symbolizing the sinless nature of Christ, the ultimate sacrificial Lamb. Historically, this reflects the meticulous care in selecting offerings, pointing to the holiness and perfection required in worship.

for a burnt offering
The term "burnt offering" comes from the Hebrew word "עֹלָה" (olah), meaning "that which goes up" or "ascent," referring to the smoke rising to God. This offering was entirely consumed by fire, symbolizing complete surrender and dedication to God. It represents the believer's call to live a life wholly devoted to God, allowing every aspect of life to be an offering to Him.

to the LORD
This phrase highlights the direction and purpose of the offering. The Hebrew name used here is "יְהוָה" (YHWH), the covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal and unchanging nature. It reminds believers of the personal relationship God desires with His people and the importance of directing worship and offerings to Him alone.

every day
The daily nature of this command underscores the importance of regular, consistent worship and dedication. It reflects the idea that worship is not a one-time event but a continual practice. Historically, this daily offering was a central part of the temple worship, symbolizing the ongoing need for atonement and relationship with God.

morning by morning
This phrase emphasizes the regularity and timing of the offering, suggesting the importance of starting each day with a focus on God. It reflects the biblical principle of seeking God early and prioritizing Him in daily life. The repetition of "morning by morning" indicates a rhythm of life centered around God, encouraging believers to begin each day with prayer and dedication.

you shall provide it
The repetition of the command to "provide" reinforces the responsibility and intentionality required in worship. It serves as a reminder that worship is an active, deliberate act of obedience and love towards God. This phrase calls believers to be intentional in their daily walk with God, ensuring that their lives are a continual offering to Him.

You are also to provide
This phrase indicates a commandment, emphasizing the responsibility and duty of the people or the priests to offer sacrifices. The Hebrew root for "provide" is "נָתַן" (natan), meaning to give or to set. This reflects the act of giving as a form of worship and obedience to God, highlighting the importance of regular offerings as a means of maintaining a relationship with the divine.

with it every morning
The phrase "every morning" underscores the regularity and consistency required in worship. The Hebrew word for "morning" is "בֹּקֶר" (boqer), which signifies the beginning of a new day. This daily offering symbolizes the renewal of commitment to God, suggesting that worship and dedication are not occasional but continual acts.

a grain offering
The grain offering, or "מִנְחָה" (minchah) in Hebrew, was a common type of offering in the Old Testament, representing the fruits of human labor. It symbolizes gratitude and acknowledgment of God's provision. The grain offering was a non-bloody sacrifice, emphasizing the dedication of one's work and sustenance to God.

a sixth of an ephah
An ephah is a unit of measure used in ancient Israel, roughly equivalent to 22 liters or about 5.8 gallons. A sixth of an ephah indicates a specific, measured amount, reflecting the precision and care in worship practices. This measurement shows that God values order and intentionality in offerings.

with a third of a hin of oil
A hin is another ancient unit of measure, approximately 3.7 liters or about 1 gallon. Oil was a valuable commodity, often used in anointing and as a symbol of the Holy Spirit. The inclusion of oil in the offering signifies the richness and depth of the offering, enhancing the grain and symbolizing the presence and blessing of God.

to moisten the fine flour
The fine flour, or "סֹלֶת" (solet) in Hebrew, represents the best of the harvest, finely ground and prepared. Moistening it with oil makes the offering more palatable and pleasing, symbolizing the preparation and dedication of one's best to God. This act of moistening signifies the blending of human effort with divine blessing.

a grain offering to the LORD
This phrase reiterates the purpose of the offering: it is directed to the LORD, or "יְהוָה" (YHWH), the covenant name of God. It emphasizes that the offering is not merely a ritual but an act of worship and reverence to the Creator, acknowledging His sovereignty and provision.

This is a permanent statute
The term "permanent statute" indicates that this command is not temporary but enduring. The Hebrew word for "statute" is "חֻקָּה" (chuqqah), meaning an ordinance or decree. This permanence reflects the unchanging nature of God's expectations and the continual need for His people to engage in acts of worship and dedication. It serves as a reminder of the lasting covenant between God and His people.

Thus they shall provide
This phrase indicates a command or instruction, emphasizing the regularity and consistency required in worship practices. The Hebrew root for "provide" is "עָשָׂה" (asah), which means to do, make, or accomplish. This suggests an active participation and responsibility in worship, highlighting the importance of obedience and diligence in fulfilling God's commands. Historically, this reflects the structured and ordered nature of temple worship in ancient Israel, where offerings were a daily ritual, symbolizing continual devotion and reliance on God.

the lamb
The lamb is a significant symbol in biblical theology, often representing innocence, sacrifice, and atonement. In Hebrew, the word for lamb is "כֶּבֶשׂ" (keves). The daily offering of a lamb points to the sacrificial system established by God, which foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, the "Lamb of God" (John 1:29). This regular offering underscores the need for atonement and the anticipation of the Messiah, who would provide a once-for-all sacrifice for sin.

the grain offering
The grain offering, or "מִנְחָה" (minchah) in Hebrew, was a tribute to God, often consisting of fine flour, oil, and frankincense. It symbolizes the dedication of one's labor and sustenance to the Lord, acknowledging Him as the provider of all needs. This offering represents gratitude and recognition of God's provision, and it complements the sacrificial system by highlighting the worshiper's devotion and thanksgiving.

and the oil
Oil, or "שֶׁמֶן" (shemen) in Hebrew, was used in various offerings and anointing rituals. It symbolizes the presence and anointing of the Holy Spirit, as well as joy and consecration. In the context of offerings, oil enhances the aroma and quality, signifying the richness and fullness of worship. The inclusion of oil in the daily offering reflects the desire for the worship to be pleasing and acceptable to God, infused with the Spirit's presence.

every morning
The phrase "every morning" emphasizes the regularity and discipline of worship. In Hebrew culture, morning was a time of renewal and beginning, symbolizing new mercies and faithfulness (Lamentations 3:22-23). This daily practice instills a rhythm of devotion, reminding believers of the importance of starting each day with a focus on God, seeking His guidance and blessing.

as a regular burnt offering
The "burnt offering," or "עוֹלָה" (olah) in Hebrew, was a sacrifice that was completely consumed by fire, symbolizing total dedication and surrender to God. The regularity of this offering underscores the continual need for atonement and the believer's ongoing commitment to live a life pleasing to God. It serves as a reminder of the covenant relationship between God and His people, calling for a life of holiness and devotion.

This is what the Lord GOD says
The phrase underscores the divine authority behind the message. In Hebrew, "Lord GOD" is "Adonai Yahweh," emphasizing both the sovereignty and the covenantal relationship God has with His people. This introduction is a common prophetic formula, affirming that the message is not of human origin but divinely inspired, demanding attention and obedience.

If the prince gives a gift
The "prince" here refers to a leader or ruler, possibly a messianic figure or a Davidic prince in the restored Israel. The Hebrew word for "gift" is "mattanah," which implies a voluntary offering or present. This reflects the generosity expected of leaders, who are to act as stewards of God's blessings, distributing them according to divine principles.

to one of his sons as an inheritance
Inheritance in ancient Israel was a significant concept, rooted in the Hebrew word "nachalah," meaning a possession or heritage. It was not merely a transfer of property but a continuation of familial and tribal identity. The inheritance laws ensured the stability and continuity of the family line, reflecting God's promise to Abraham regarding the land and descendants.

it will belong to his descendants
This phrase emphasizes the permanence and continuity of the inheritance. The Hebrew term for "descendants" is "ben," which can mean sons or children, indicating that the inheritance is meant to be perpetuated through the family line. This reflects the biblical principle of legacy and the importance of maintaining the family’s heritage and responsibilities.

It is their property by inheritance
The word "property" in Hebrew is "achuzzah," signifying a possession or holding. This term underscores the legal and covenantal right to the land or gift, reinforcing the idea that what is given by the prince is not to be taken lightly or revoked. The concept of inheritance is deeply embedded in the biblical narrative, symbolizing God's faithfulness to His promises and the enduring nature of His covenant with His people.

But if he gives a gift from his inheritance
This phrase introduces a conditional scenario where the prince, a leader or ruler, decides to give a portion of his inheritance to a servant. The Hebrew word for "inheritance" is "נַחֲלָה" (nachalah), which signifies a possession or property passed down through generations. In the context of ancient Israel, inheritance was a sacred trust, often tied to the land and the covenant promises of God. The act of giving from one's inheritance reflects generosity but also a temporary transfer of stewardship.

to one of his servants
The term "servants" here is derived from the Hebrew "עֶבֶד" (eved), which can mean a servant, slave, or worker. In the ancient Near Eastern context, servants were often part of the household and could hold significant responsibilities. This phrase highlights the social structure and the relationship between the prince and his servants, indicating a hierarchy but also a level of trust and responsibility bestowed upon the servant.

it will belong to the servant until the Year of Jubilee
The "Year of Jubilee" is a profound concept found in Leviticus 25, where every fiftieth year, liberty was proclaimed throughout the land. The Hebrew word "יֹבֵל" (yovel) signifies a time of restoration and freedom, where debts were forgiven, and land was returned to its original owners. This phrase underscores the temporary nature of the gift, aligning with God's design for economic and social reset, ensuring that no permanent loss of family inheritance occurs.

when it will revert to the prince
The word "revert" indicates a return to the original state or owner. In Hebrew, this concept is captured by "שׁוּב" (shuv), meaning to return or restore. This reflects the divine principle of restoration and the cyclical nature of God's provision, ensuring that the prince's inheritance remains intact for his lineage, as ordained by God.

His inheritance belongs only to his sons
This phrase emphasizes the exclusivity of the inheritance to the prince's direct descendants. The Hebrew word for "sons" is "בָּנִים" (banim), which not only refers to male offspring but also signifies continuity and legacy. In the biblical context, inheritance was crucial for maintaining family lineage and fulfilling God's promises to His people.

it is theirs
The final phrase affirms the rightful ownership of the inheritance by the prince's sons. This declaration is a testament to the enduring nature of God's covenant with His people, where inheritance is not just a matter of property but a symbol of divine blessing and faithfulness. The assurance that "it is theirs" reflects God's sovereign plan for His chosen people, ensuring that His promises are fulfilled through generations.

The prince must not take any of the inheritance of the people
This phrase emphasizes the responsibility and integrity expected of the prince, a leader among God's people. The Hebrew word for "prince" is "nasi," which denotes a leader or chief. Historically, this reflects the role of leaders in ancient Israel, who were to act justly and protect the rights of the people. The term "inheritance" (Hebrew: "nachalah") refers to the land allotted to each tribe and family, a sacred trust from God. This command underscores the importance of respecting God's distribution of land, a theme deeply rooted in the covenantal promises to Abraham and his descendants.

driving them off their property
The phrase warns against the abuse of power, where leaders might forcibly remove people from their rightful land. The Hebrew root "yarash" can mean to seize or dispossess, highlighting the potential for injustice. This reflects a broader biblical principle of justice and protection for the vulnerable, as seen in laws against moving boundary stones (Deuteronomy 19:14). The historical context of Israel, where land was a primary source of livelihood and identity, makes this command particularly poignant.

He is to give his sons their own inheritance from his own property
This directive ensures that the prince's family is provided for without infringing on the rights of others. The Hebrew word "nachalah" again appears, emphasizing the importance of rightful inheritance. The phrase reflects a principle of stewardship, where leaders are to manage their resources responsibly. This mirrors the biblical theme of generational blessing and responsibility, as seen in the patriarchal narratives where inheritance was carefully passed down.

so that none of My people will be separated from his property
This concluding phrase underscores God's concern for justice and equity among His people. The Hebrew word "badal" means to separate or divide, and here it conveys the idea of unjust division or alienation. The phrase "My people" reflects God's covenant relationship with Israel, where He is deeply invested in their welfare. This command aligns with the prophetic call for justice and righteousness, as seen throughout the Old Testament, where leaders are held accountable for the treatment of the people.

Then the man brought me
This phrase refers to the guide, often understood as an angelic being, who leads Ezekiel through his visionary tour of the temple. The Hebrew word for "man" here is "ish," which can denote a human or a figure of authority. In the context of Ezekiel's vision, this "man" is a divine messenger, symbolizing God's guidance and revelation to His prophet. This emphasizes the importance of divine guidance in understanding spiritual truths and the mysteries of God's plans.

through the entrance at the side of the gate
The "entrance" signifies a point of access or transition, symbolizing the movement from the ordinary to the sacred. The "side of the gate" suggests a specific, perhaps less conspicuous, way into the temple area, indicating that access to holy places often requires humility and a willingness to follow God's appointed paths. In the Hebrew context, gates were significant as places of decision and transition, underscoring the importance of entering God's presence with reverence.

into the holy chambers for the priests
These "holy chambers" were designated areas for the priests, emphasizing the separation and sanctity required for those who serve God. The Hebrew term "qodesh" for "holy" denotes something set apart for divine purposes. This highlights the call for purity and dedication in service to God, reflecting the broader biblical theme of holiness as a requirement for those who minister before the Lord.

which faced north
The direction "north" in biblical symbolism often represents judgment or a place of divine presence. In the context of the temple, it may indicate the orientation of the chambers in relation to the rest of the sacred space. This directional detail underscores the ordered and purposeful design of God's dwelling place, reminding believers of the intentionality in God's plans and the importance of aligning with His divine order.

And there I saw a place
The phrase "I saw" indicates a moment of revelation or insight granted to Ezekiel. The Hebrew verb "ra'ah" for "saw" implies not just physical sight but also spiritual understanding. This suggests that God reveals His purposes to those who seek Him, and that spiritual insight is a gift from God, granted to those who are attentive to His voice.

at the far western end
The "far western end" specifies the location within the temple complex, highlighting the detailed nature of Ezekiel's vision. The west in biblical geography often symbolizes the end or completion, possibly indicating the culmination of God's plan for His people. This detail serves as a reminder of God's comprehensive design and the ultimate fulfillment of His promises, encouraging believers to trust in His sovereign plan.

And he said to me
This phrase indicates a direct communication from God to Ezekiel, emphasizing the divine authority and instruction being conveyed. In the Hebrew text, the verb "said" (אָמַר, 'amar) is often used to denote not just speech but a declaration or command from God. This underscores the importance of the message and the role of Ezekiel as a prophet who receives and communicates God's will to the people.

This is the place
The specificity of "the place" highlights the importance of designated holy spaces in the temple. In ancient Israel, the temple was the center of worship and sacrifice, and specific areas were set apart for different functions. The Hebrew word for "place" (מָקוֹם, makom) often signifies a location of significance, particularly in a religious or sacred context. This reflects the order and structure God established for worship.

where the priests will boil
The priests, descendants of Aaron, had specific duties in the temple, including the preparation of offerings. The act of boiling (בָּשַׁל, bashal) was part of the ritual process for certain sacrifices. This process was not merely culinary but deeply symbolic, representing purification and the transformation of the offering into something acceptable to God.

the guilt offering and the sin offering
These offerings were central to the sacrificial system in Israel, designed to atone for specific transgressions. The guilt offering (אָשָׁם, asham) and the sin offering (חַטָּאת, chatat) were distinct yet related, both addressing the need for reconciliation with God. The guilt offering often involved restitution, while the sin offering focused on purification from sin. This reflects the comprehensive nature of God's provision for dealing with human sinfulness.

and where they will bake the grain offering
The grain offering (מִנְחָה, minchah) was a non-blood sacrifice, often consisting of fine flour, oil, and frankincense. Baking (אָפָה, aphah) the grain offering was part of its preparation, symbolizing dedication and thanksgiving to God. This offering represented the fruits of human labor and was a reminder of God's provision and the people's dependence on Him.

so that they do not bring them into the outer court
The outer court was accessible to all Israelites, unlike the inner areas of the temple, which were restricted to priests. The separation of spaces within the temple complex was crucial for maintaining the sanctity of the holy areas. This instruction underscores the importance of maintaining boundaries between the sacred and the common, a theme prevalent throughout the Old Testament.

and transmit holiness to the people
Holiness (קֹדֶשׁ, qodesh) is a central theme in the Bible, denoting separation and dedication to God. The concern here is that the holiness of the offerings, if brought into the outer court, could inadvertently be transferred to the people, who were not in a state of ritual purity. This reflects the biblical understanding of holiness as both powerful and potentially dangerous if not approached correctly. It emphasizes the need for reverence and proper procedure in worship, ensuring that God's holiness is respected and upheld.

Then he brought me out
This phrase indicates a transition and movement, suggesting divine guidance. The "he" refers to the angelic guide or messenger who is leading Ezekiel through the visionary tour of the temple. The Hebrew root for "brought" (יָצָא, yatsa) often implies a purposeful action, indicating that Ezekiel is being led with intention and care. This reflects God's desire to reveal His plans and purposes to His prophets, emphasizing His role as a guide in our spiritual journey.

to the outer court
The "outer court" is a significant area in the temple complex, accessible to the general populace, unlike the inner sanctuaries reserved for priests. In the Hebrew context, the outer court (חָצֵר, chatser) represents a place of gathering and worship for the people. It symbolizes the inclusivity of God's presence, where all are invited to come and worship. This reflects the broader biblical theme of God's desire for all nations to come to Him.

and led me past its four corners
The phrase "four corners" signifies completeness and universality in biblical symbolism. The number four often represents the earth or creation, as seen in the four winds or four directions. The Hebrew word for "corners" (פִּנָּה, pinah) can also mean "chief" or "principal," suggesting the importance of these areas. This imagery underscores the comprehensive nature of God's plan, encompassing all aspects of creation and human experience.

and I saw that there was a separate court
The act of seeing in prophetic literature often implies understanding or revelation. The "separate court" (חָצֵר נִפְרָד, chatser nifrad) indicates a distinct area set apart for a specific purpose. This separation can symbolize holiness, as things set apart in the temple are dedicated to God. It reminds us of the call to be holy and distinct in our walk with God, set apart for His purposes.

in each corner of the outer court
The repetition of "each corner" emphasizes the thoroughness and intentionality of the temple's design. It suggests that God's plans are detailed and purposeful, with provision made for every aspect of worship and community life. This meticulous design reflects God's order and sovereignty, reminding believers of His attention to detail in the unfolding of His divine plan.

In the four corners
The phrase "in the four corners" signifies completeness and universality, often representing the entirety of a space or area. In the context of Ezekiel's vision, it suggests the comprehensive nature of God's design for His temple. The number four in biblical numerology often symbolizes the world or creation, as seen in the four winds or four corners of the earth. This indicates that God's presence and order extend to all parts of His creation.

of the outer court
The "outer court" refers to the area surrounding the inner sanctuaries of the temple, accessible to the general populace. In the temple structure, the outer court was a place of gathering and worship for the people, symbolizing the accessibility of God to His people. It serves as a reminder of the inclusivity of God's covenant, inviting all to come and worship.

were enclosed courts
The "enclosed courts" suggest a sense of protection and sanctity. The Hebrew root for "enclosed" can imply being surrounded or safeguarded. This imagery reflects God's protective nature over His people and His sacred spaces. The courts being enclosed also emphasize the separation between the holy and the common, a recurring theme in the temple's design.

each forty cubits long and thirty cubits wide
The specific dimensions "forty cubits long and thirty cubits wide" highlight the precision and intentionality in God's design. The number forty often represents a period of testing or preparation in the Bible, such as the forty years in the wilderness. Thirty, while less frequently symbolic, can denote maturity or dedication. Together, these dimensions may symbolize a space prepared and dedicated for divine purposes.

each of the four corner areas
Reiterating the four corners, this phrase emphasizes the uniformity and balance in the temple's design. Each corner being identical suggests equality and fairness in God's kingdom, where each part of His creation holds significance and purpose. It reflects the order and harmony that God establishes in His dwelling place.

had the same dimensions
The repetition of "the same dimensions" underscores the consistency and reliability of God's plans. In a broader theological context, it can be seen as a metaphor for God's unchanging nature and His equitable treatment of all people. This uniformity in design serves as a reminder of the divine order and justice that God upholds in His creation.

Around the inside
The phrase "around the inside" suggests a comprehensive and encompassing arrangement. In the Hebrew context, this indicates a sense of completeness and order. The temple, as described by Ezekiel, is meticulously organized, reflecting God's nature of order and precision. This arrangement signifies that God's presence and His instructions permeate every aspect of worship and life, leaving no area untouched by His divine order.

each of the four courts
The "four courts" refer to the designated areas within the temple complex. In ancient Near Eastern architecture, courts were central to communal and religious life. The number four often symbolizes universality and completeness in biblical numerology, suggesting that the temple's design is meant to encompass all of creation. This reflects the inclusivity of God's covenant, extending His grace and presence to all corners of the earth.

a row of masonry
The "row of masonry" indicates a solid and enduring construction. Masonry, in the ancient world, was a symbol of strength and permanence. This imagery underscores the enduring nature of God's covenant and His unchanging promises. The use of masonry in the temple signifies that the foundation of worship and relationship with God is built on something unshakeable and eternal.

with ovens built
The "ovens built" within the temple courts were likely used for preparing offerings and sacrifices. In the Hebrew tradition, offerings were a central part of worship, symbolizing devotion, thanksgiving, and atonement. The presence of ovens highlights the practical aspects of worship, where spiritual acts are intertwined with daily life. It reminds believers that worship is not just a spiritual act but involves tangible, everyday actions that honor God.

at the base of the walls
The placement "at the base of the walls" suggests a foundation or starting point. In biblical symbolism, walls often represent protection and separation from the profane. By placing the ovens at the base, it signifies that the acts of worship and sacrifice are foundational to the spiritual life of the community. It is a reminder that our relationship with God begins with a humble and grounded approach, rooted in the basics of faith and obedience.

on all sides
The phrase "on all sides" emphasizes the all-encompassing nature of God's provision and presence. It suggests that no part of the temple, and by extension, no part of our lives, is outside the scope of God's influence and care. This comprehensive coverage assures believers of God's omnipresence and His readiness to meet us wherever we are, surrounding us with His love and protection.

And he said to me
This phrase indicates a direct communication from God to Ezekiel, emphasizing the prophetic nature of the message. In the Hebrew text, the verb "said" (אָמַר, 'amar) is often used in divine revelations, underscoring the authority and importance of the message. This communication highlights the intimate relationship between God and His prophet, serving as a reminder of the divine guidance provided to His people.

These are the kitchens
The term "kitchens" (מִבְשָּׁלוֹת, mibshalot) refers to designated areas for preparing food, specifically the sacrificial offerings. In the context of the temple, these kitchens were essential for maintaining the ritual purity and order of the sacrificial system. Archaeological findings from ancient Near Eastern temples reveal similar structures, underscoring the practical and organized nature of worship in Israel. This phrase highlights the importance of preparation and service in worship, reminding believers of the need for order and dedication in their spiritual lives.

where those who minister at the temple
The phrase "those who minister" (הַמְשָׁרְתִים, hamesharetim) refers to the Levitical priests and temple servants. Their role was to facilitate the worship and sacrificial system, acting as intermediaries between God and the people. Historically, the Levites were set apart for this sacred duty, emphasizing the holiness and reverence required in serving God. This phrase serves as a reminder of the call to service and the privilege of ministering in God's presence.

will cook the sacrifices
The act of cooking (בִּשְּׁלוּ, bishlu) the sacrifices was a practical necessity, transforming raw offerings into consumable meals. This process symbolizes the transformation and sanctification that occurs through worship and obedience to God's commands. The sacrifices, representing the people's devotion and repentance, were made acceptable through this preparation. This phrase encourages believers to offer their lives as living sacrifices, allowing God to transform and use them for His purposes.

of the people
The term "people" (הָעָם, ha'am) refers to the community of Israel, God's chosen nation. The sacrificial system was a communal act of worship, uniting the people in their devotion to God. This phrase underscores the collective responsibility and privilege of worship, reminding believers of their identity as part of God's covenant community. It calls Christians to unity and shared purpose in their spiritual journey, reflecting the communal nature of faith and worship.