2 Corinthians 11:28
New International Version
Besides everything else, I face daily the pressure of my concern for all the churches.

New Living Translation
Then, besides all this, I have the daily burden of my concern for all the churches.

English Standard Version
And, apart from other things, there is the daily pressure on me of my anxiety for all the churches.

Berean Standard Bible
Apart from these external trials, I face daily the pressure of my concern for all the churches.

Berean Literal Bible
Besides the external things, the pressure on me on every day is my care for all the churches.

King James Bible
Beside those things that are without, that which cometh upon me daily, the care of all the churches.

New King James Version
besides the other things, what comes upon me daily: my deep concern for all the churches.

New American Standard Bible
Apart from such external things, there is the daily pressure on me of concern for all the churches.

NASB 1995
Apart from such external things, there is the daily pressure on me of concern for all the churches.

NASB 1977
Apart from such external things, there is the daily pressure upon me of concern for all the churches.

Legacy Standard Bible
Apart from such external things, there is the daily pressure on me of concern for all the churches.

Amplified Bible
Besides those external things, there is the daily [inescapable] pressure of my concern for all the churches.

Christian Standard Bible
Not to mention other things, there is the daily pressure on me: my concern for all the churches.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Not to mention other things, there is the daily pressure on me: my care for all the churches.

American Standard Version
Besides those things that are without, there is that which presseth upon me daily, anxiety for all the churches.

Contemporary English Version
Besides everything else, each day I am burdened down, worrying about all the churches.

English Revised Version
Beside those things that are without, there is that which presseth upon me daily, anxiety for all the churches.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Besides these external matters, I have the daily pressure of my anxiety about all the churches.

Good News Translation
And not to mention other things, every day I am under the pressure of my concern for all the churches.

International Standard Version
Besides everything else, I have a daily burden because of my anxiety about all the churches.

Majority Standard Bible
Apart from these external trials, I face daily the pressure of my concern for all the churches.

NET Bible
Apart from other things, there is the daily pressure on me of my anxious concern for all the churches.

New Heart English Bible
Besides those things that are outside, there is that which presses on me daily, anxiety for all the churches.

Webster's Bible Translation
Besides those things that are without, that which cometh upon me daily, the care of all the churches.

Weymouth New Testament
And besides other things, which I pass over, there is that which presses on me daily--my anxiety for all the Churches.

World English Bible
Besides those things that are outside, there is that which presses on me daily: anxiety for all the assemblies.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
apart from the things without—the crowding on me that is daily—the care of all the assemblies.

Berean Literal Bible
Besides the external things, the pressure on me on every day is my care for all the churches.

Young's Literal Translation
apart from the things without -- the crowding upon me that is daily -- the care of all the assemblies.

Smith's Literal Translation
Besides things outside, my distraction daily, the care of all the churches.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Besides those things which are without: my daily instance, the solicitude for all the churches.

Catholic Public Domain Version
and, in addition to these things, which are external: there is my daily earnestness and solicitude for all the churches.

New American Bible
And apart from these things, there is the daily pressure upon me of my anxiety for all the churches.

New Revised Standard Version
And, besides other things, I am under daily pressure because of my anxiety for all the churches.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Besides other things, and the many calling on me everyday, I have also the care of all the churches.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
Aside from much more, the crowds who are with me everyday, and my care which I have in my person for all the churches.
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
besides those things which come upon me from other sources, I have a daily concourse of troubles—my anxiety for all the churches.

Godbey New Testament
Besides all these, that which comes upon me daily, the care of all the churches.

Haweis New Testament
and beside all these things from without, that accumulated burden which cometh on me daily, the care of all the churches.

Mace New Testament
besides these troubles from without, that which crouds upon me daily, the care of all the churches.

Weymouth New Testament
And besides other things, which I pass over, there is that which presses on me daily--my anxiety for all the Churches.

Worrell New Testament
Apart from those things without, that which is a pressure upon me daily, anxiety for all the assemblies.

Worsley New Testament
that which besets me daily, the care of all the churches.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Paul's Suffering and Service
27in labor and toil and often without sleep, in hunger and thirst and often without food, in cold and exposure. 28Apart from these external trials, I face daily the pressure of my concern for all the churches. 29Who is weak, and I am not weak? Who is led into sin, and I do not burn with grief?…

Cross References
Acts 20:18-19
When they came to him, he said, “You know how I lived the whole time I was with you, from the first day I arrived in the province of Asia. / I served the Lord with great humility and with tears, especially in the trials that came upon me through the plots of the Jews.

Romans 9:2-3
I have deep sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart. / For I could wish that I myself were cursed and cut off from Christ for the sake of my brothers, my own flesh and blood,

Philippians 2:20-21
I have nobody else like him who will genuinely care for your needs. / For all the others look after their own interests, not those of Jesus Christ.

Colossians 1:24
Now I rejoice in my sufferings for you, and I fill up in my flesh what is lacking in regard to Christ’s afflictions for the sake of His body, which is the church.

1 Thessalonians 3:5
For this reason, when I could bear it no longer, I sent to find out about your faith, for fear that the tempter had somehow tempted you and that our labor might have been in vain.

Galatians 4:19
My children, for whom I am again in the pains of childbirth until Christ is formed in you,

1 Corinthians 12:25-26
so that there should be no division in the body, but that its members should have mutual concern for one another. / If one part suffers, every part suffers with it; if one part is honored, every part rejoices with it.

1 Peter 5:2-3
Be shepherds of God’s flock that is among you, watching over them not out of compulsion, but willingly, as God would have you; not out of greed, but out of eagerness; / not lording it over those entrusted to you, but being examples to the flock.

Hebrews 13:17
Obey your leaders and submit to them, for they watch over your souls as those who must give an account. To this end, allow them to lead with joy and not with grief, for that would be of no advantage to you.

1 Timothy 4:15-16
Be diligent in these matters and absorbed in them, so that your progress will be evident to all. / Pay close attention to your life and to your teaching. Persevere in these things, for by so doing you will save both yourself and those who hear you.

Romans 1:9
God, whom I serve with my spirit in preaching the gospel of His Son, is my witness how constantly I remember you

Ephesians 3:13
So I ask you not to be discouraged because of my sufferings for you, which are your glory.

1 Thessalonians 2:8
We cared so deeply that we were delighted to share with you not only the gospel of God, but our own lives as well. That is how beloved you have become to us.

1 Corinthians 9:16
Yet when I preach the gospel, I have no reason to boast, because I am obligated to preach. Woe to me if I do not preach the gospel!

Philippians 1:8
God is my witness how I long for all of you with the affection of Christ Jesus.


Treasury of Scripture

Beside those things that are without, that which comes on me daily, the care of all the churches.

those.

2 Corinthians 11:23-27
Are they ministers of Christ? (I speak as a fool) I am more; in labours more abundant, in stripes above measure, in prisons more frequent, in deaths oft…

the care.

Acts 15:36,40,41
And some days after Paul said unto Barnabas, Let us go again and visit our brethren in every city where we have preached the word of the Lord, and see how they do…

Acts 18:23
And after he had spent some time there, he departed, and went over all the country of Galatia and Phrygia in order, strengthening all the disciples.

Acts 20:2,18-35
And when he had gone over those parts, and had given them much exhortation, he came into Greece, …

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Addition Anxiety Apart Assemblies Besides Burden Care Cares Churches Concern Crowd Daily External Outside Presses Presseth Pressure
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Addition Anxiety Apart Assemblies Besides Burden Care Cares Churches Concern Crowd Daily External Outside Presses Presseth Pressure
2 Corinthians 11
1. Out of his jealousy over the Corinthians, he enters into a forced commendation of himself,
5. of his equality with the chief apostles,
7. of his preaching the gospel to them freely, and without any charge to them;
13. showing that he was not inferior to those deceitful workers in any legal prerogative;
23. and in the service of Christ, and in all kinds of sufferings for his ministry, far superior.














Apart from these external trials
The phrase "apart from these external trials" indicates that Paul is distinguishing between the physical hardships he has endured and the internal, emotional, and spiritual burdens he carries. The Greek word for "external" (ἔξωθεν, exōthen) suggests things that are outside or beyond one's control. Historically, Paul faced numerous physical challenges, including persecution, imprisonment, and physical beatings. This phrase sets the stage for understanding that his ministry involved not only visible struggles but also unseen, internal pressures.

I face daily
The word "daily" (καθ' ἡμέραν, kath' hēmeran) emphasizes the constant and ongoing nature of Paul's burden. It suggests a relentless, unending cycle of concern that he carries every single day. This reflects the dedication and commitment Paul had to his mission and the churches he established. The historical context of Paul's missionary journeys reveals a man who was continually on the move, establishing and nurturing early Christian communities, which required persistent attention and care.

the pressure
The term "pressure" (ἐπίστασις, epistasis) conveys a sense of weight or burden. In the Greek, it can imply an intense, pressing concern. This pressure is not merely a passing worry but a profound, ongoing responsibility that Paul feels. It highlights the emotional and spiritual weight of leadership and the deep care he has for the spiritual well-being of the believers.

of my concern
The word "concern" (μέριμνα, merimna) in Greek can also be translated as anxiety or care. It reflects a deep, heartfelt worry for the churches. This is not a superficial concern but one that deeply affects Paul. Scripturally, this aligns with the biblical call to bear one another's burdens (Galatians 6:2), showing Paul's pastoral heart and his commitment to the spiritual health of the Christian communities.

for all the churches
The phrase "for all the churches" indicates the breadth of Paul's ministry and the scope of his concern. The Greek word for "churches" (ἐκκλησίαι, ekklēsiai) refers to the assemblies or congregations of believers. Historically, Paul established numerous churches across the Roman Empire, from Asia Minor to Europe. His concern was not limited to a single congregation but extended to all the communities he had a hand in founding. This reflects the apostolic responsibility and the interconnectedness of the early Christian church, emphasizing the unity and collective responsibility within the body of Christ.

(28) That which cometh upon me daily . . .--The word so translated primarily signifies a "rush" or "tumult," and is so used in Acts 24:12. Here that meaning is excluded by the fact that perils of that nature had been already specified, and that he now manifestly speaks of something differing in kind as well as in degree. But there is, as our modern phraseology shows, such a thing as a "rush" of business almost as trying as the "ugly rush" of a crowd, and that is manifestly what he means here. The daily visits of inquirers, the confessions of sin-burdened souls, the craving of perplexed consciences for guidance, the reference of quarrels of the household or the church to his arbitration as umpire, the arrival of messengers from distant churches, each with their tidings of good or evil--this is what we have to think of as present to St. Paul's thoughts as the daily routine of his life; and the absence of any conjunction between the two clauses clearly points to the fact that, in his mind, "the care (or anxiety) of all the churches" was all but identical with the "rush" of which he had just spoken.

Verse 28. - Those things that are without. The adverb thus rendered parektos only occurs in Matthew 5:32; Acts 26:29. It may either mean "trials that come to me from external and extraneous sources (quae extrinsecus accedunt) or things in addition to these (praeterea), which I here leave unmentioned." The latter meaning is (as St. Chrysostom saw) almost certainly the correct one. That which cometh upon me. The word thus rendered is either episustasis (J, K), which means "hostile attack" or "tumult," as we talk of "a rush of trouble or business;" or epistasis (א, B, D, E, F, G), which may imply "halting, lingering thoughts; "attention," and so "anxiety" (comp. Acts 24:12, where there is the same various reading). Of all the Churches. No doubt he is thinking of his own Churches, the Churches of the Gentiles (Colossians 2:1).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
Apart from
Χωρὶς (Chōris)
Preposition
Strong's 5565: Apart from, separately from; without. Adverb from chora; at a space, i.e. Separately or apart from.

these external
παρεκτὸς (parektos)
Adverb
Strong's 3924: From para and ektos; near outside, i.e. Besides.

[trials],
τῶν (tōn)
Article - Genitive Neuter Plural
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

I [face]
μοι (moi)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 1st Person Singular
Strong's 1473: I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.

daily
ἡμέραν (hēmeran)
Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular
Strong's 2250: A day, the period from sunrise to sunset.

the
(hē)
Article - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

pressure
ἐπίστασίς (epistasis)
Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 1999: A gathering, concourse, tumult. From the middle voice of a compound of epi and sunistao; a conspiracy, i.e. Concourse.

[of my]
(hē)
Article - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

concern
μέριμνα (merimna)
Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 3308: Care, worry, anxiety. From merizo; solicitude.

for all
πασῶν (pasōn)
Adjective - Genitive Feminine Plural
Strong's 3956: All, the whole, every kind of. Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole.

the
τῶν (tōn)
Article - Genitive Feminine Plural
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

churches.
ἐκκλησιῶν (ekklēsiōn)
Noun - Genitive Feminine Plural
Strong's 1577: From a compound of ek and a derivative of kaleo; a calling out, i.e. a popular meeting, especially a religious congregation.


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NT Letters: 2 Corinthians 11:28 Besides those things that are outside there (2 Cor. 2C iiC 2Cor ii cor iicor)
2 Corinthians 11:27
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