Numbers 20:8
New International Version
“Take the staff, and you and your brother Aaron gather the assembly together. Speak to that rock before their eyes and it will pour out its water. You will bring water out of the rock for the community so they and their livestock can drink.”

New Living Translation
“You and Aaron must take the staff and assemble the entire community. As the people watch, speak to the rock over there, and it will pour out its water. You will provide enough water from the rock to satisfy the whole community and their livestock.”

English Standard Version
“Take the staff, and assemble the congregation, you and Aaron your brother, and tell the rock before their eyes to yield its water. So you shall bring water out of the rock for them and give drink to the congregation and their cattle.”

Berean Standard Bible
“Take the staff and assemble the congregation. You and your brother Aaron are to speak to the rock while they watch, and it will pour out its water. You will bring out water from the rock and provide drink for the congregation and their livestock.”

King James Bible
Take the rod, and gather thou the assembly together, thou, and Aaron thy brother, and speak ye unto the rock before their eyes; and it shall give forth his water, and thou shalt bring forth to them water out of the rock: so thou shalt give the congregation and their beasts drink.

New King James Version
“Take the rod; you and your brother Aaron gather the congregation together. Speak to the rock before their eyes, and it will yield its water; thus you shall bring water for them out of the rock, and give drink to the congregation and their animals.”

New American Standard Bible
“Take the staff; and you and your brother Aaron assemble the congregation and speak to the rock before their eyes, that it shall yield its water. So you shall bring water for them out of the rock, and have the congregation and their livestock drink.”

NASB 1995
“Take the rod; and you and your brother Aaron assemble the congregation and speak to the rock before their eyes, that it may yield its water. You shall thus bring forth water for them out of the rock and let the congregation and their beasts drink.”

NASB 1977
“Take the rod; and you and your brother Aaron assemble the congregation and speak to the rock before their eyes, that it may yield its water. You shall thus bring forth water for them out of the rock and let the congregation and their beasts drink.”

Legacy Standard Bible
“Take the rod; and you and your brother Aaron assemble the congregation and speak to the rock before their eyes, that it may yield its water. You shall thus bring forth water for them out of the rock and let the congregation and their beasts drink.”

Amplified Bible
“Take the rod; and you and your brother Aaron assemble the congregation and speak to the rock in front of them, so that it will pour out its water. In this way you shall bring water for them out of the rock and let the congregation and their livestock drink [fresh water].”

Christian Standard Bible
“Take the staff and assemble the community. You and your brother Aaron are to speak to the rock while they watch, and it will yield its water. You will bring out water for them from the rock and provide drink for the community and their livestock.”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Take the staff and assemble the community. You and your brother Aaron are to speak to the rock while they watch, and it will yield its water. You will bring out water for them from the rock and provide drink for the community and their livestock.”

American Standard Version
Take the rod, and assemble the congregation, thou, and Aaron thy brother, and speak ye unto the rock before their eyes, that it give forth its water; and thou shalt bring forth to them water out of the rock; so thou shalt give the congregation and their cattle drink.

English Revised Version
Take the rod, and assemble the congregation, thou, and Aaron thy brother, and speak ye unto the rock before their eyes, that it give forth its water; and thou shalt bring forth to them water out of the rock: so thou shalt give the congregation and their cattle drink.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
"Take your staff, then you and your brother Aaron gather the community. Right before their eyes, tell the rock to give up its water. In this way you will give the community water from the rock for them and their animals to drink."

Good News Translation
"Take the stick that is in front of the Covenant Box, and then you and Aaron assemble the whole community. There in front of them all speak to that rock over there, and water will gush out of it. In this way you will bring water out of the rock for the people, for them and their animals to drink."

International Standard Version
"Take the rod, gather the community together, and then you and your brother Aaron are to speak to the rock right before their eyes. It will release water. As you bring water to them from the rock, the community and the cattle will be able to drink."

Majority Standard Bible
?Take the staff and assemble the congregation. You and your brother Aaron are to speak to the rock while they watch, and it will pour out its water. You will bring out water from the rock and provide drink for the congregation and their livestock.?

NET Bible
"Take the staff and assemble the community, you and Aaron your brother, and then speak to the rock before their eyes. It will pour forth its water, and you will bring water out of the rock for them, and so you will give the community and their beasts water to drink."

New Heart English Bible
"Take the rod, and assemble the congregation, you, and Aaron your brother, and speak to the rock before their eyes, that it give forth its water; and you shall bring forth to them water out of the rock; so you shall give the congregation and their livestock drink."

Webster's Bible Translation
Take the rod, and convene thou the assembly, thou, and Aaron thy brother, and speak ye to the rock before their eyes; and it shall give forth its water, and thou shalt bring forth to them water out of the rock: so thou shalt give drink to the congregation and their beasts.

World English Bible
“Take the rod, and assemble the congregation, you, and Aaron your brother, and speak to the rock before their eyes, that it pour out its water. You shall bring water to them out of the rock; so you shall give the congregation and their livestock drink.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
“Take the rod and assemble the congregation—you and your brother Aaron—and you have spoken to the rock before their eyes, and it has given its water, and you have brought out water to them from the rock, and have watered the congregation and their beasts.”

Young's Literal Translation
'Take the rod, and assemble the company, thou and Aaron thy brother; and ye have spoken unto the rock before their eyes, and it hath given its water, and thou hast brought out to them water from the rock, and hast watered the company, and their beasts.'

Smith's Literal Translation
Take the rod and gather the assembly together, thou and Aaron thy brother, and speak to the rock before their eyes; and it gave water; and brought to them water from the rock, and gave drink to the assembly, and their cattle.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Take the rod, and assemble the people together, thou and Aaron thy brother, and speak to the rock before them, and it shall yield waters. And when thou hast brought forth water out of the rock, all the multitude and their cattle shall drink.

Catholic Public Domain Version
“Take the rod, and gather the people, you and your brother Aaron, and speak to the rock before them, and it shall bestow waters. And when you have brought forth water from the rock, the entire multitude and their cattle shall drink.”

New American Bible
Take the staff and assemble the community, you and Aaron your brother, and in their presence command the rock to yield its waters. Thereby you will bring forth water from the rock for them, and supply the community and their livestock with water.

New Revised Standard Version
Take the staff, and assemble the congregation, you and your brother Aaron, and command the rock before their eyes to yield its water. Thus you shall bring water out of the rock for them; thus you shall provide drink for the congregation and their livestock.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Take the rod, and gather the assembly together, you and Aaron your brother, and speak over the rock before their eyes; and it shall give forth its water, and you shall bring forth to them water out of the rock, so that you shall give the congregation and their cattle drink.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
“Take for yourself the rod and assemble the assembly, you and Ahron your brother, and speak over the rock in their sight, and it shall give its water, and bring out water to them from the rock and give drink to the assembly and to their animals.”
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Take the rod, and assemble the congregation, thou, and Aaron thy brother, and speak ye unto the rock before their eyes, that it give forth its water; and thou shalt bring forth to them water out of the rock; so thou shalt give the congregation and their cattle drink.'

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Take thy rod, and call the assembly, thou and Aaron thy brother, and speak ye to the rock before them, and it shall give forth its waters; and ye shall bring forth for them water out of the rock, and give drink to the congregation and their cattle.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Water from the Rock
7And the LORD said to Moses, 8“Take the staff and assemble the congregation. You and your brother Aaron are to speak to the rock while they watch, and it will pour out its water. You will bring out water from the rock and provide drink for the congregation and their livestock.” 9So Moses took the staff from the LORD’s presence, just as he had been commanded.…

Cross References
Exodus 17:5-6
And the LORD said to Moses, “Walk on ahead of the people and take some of the elders of Israel with you. Take along in your hand the staff with which you struck the Nile, and go. / Behold, I will stand there before you by the rock at Horeb. And when you strike the rock, water will come out of it for the people to drink.” So Moses did this in the sight of the elders of Israel.

Psalm 78:15-16
He split the rocks in the wilderness and gave them drink as abundant as the seas. / He brought streams from the stone and made water flow down like rivers.

Psalm 105:41
He opened a rock, and water gushed out; it flowed like a river in the desert.

Isaiah 48:21
They did not thirst when He led them through the deserts; He made water flow for them from the rock; He split the rock, and water gushed out.

1 Corinthians 10:4
and drank the same spiritual drink; for they drank from the spiritual rock that accompanied them, and that rock was Christ.

Deuteronomy 8:15
He led you through the vast and terrifying wilderness with its venomous snakes and scorpions, a thirsty and waterless land. He brought you water from the rock of flint.

Nehemiah 9:15
In their hunger You gave them bread from heaven; in their thirst You brought them water from the rock. You told them to go in and possess the land that You had sworn to give them.

Psalm 114:8
who turned the rock into a pool, the flint into a fountain of water!

John 4:10-14
Jesus answered, “If you knew the gift of God and who is asking you for a drink, you would have asked Him, and He would have given you living water.” / “Sir,” the woman replied, “You have nothing to draw with and the well is deep. Where then will You get this living water? / Are You greater than our father Jacob, who gave us this well and drank from it himself, as did his sons and his livestock?” ...

John 7:37-39
On the last and greatest day of the feast, Jesus stood up and called out in a loud voice, “If anyone is thirsty, let him come to Me and drink. / Whoever believes in Me, as the Scripture has said: ‘Streams of living water will flow from within him.’” / He was speaking about the Spirit, whom those who believed in Him were later to receive. For the Spirit had not yet been given, because Jesus had not yet been glorified.

Isaiah 41:17-18
The poor and needy seek water, but there is none; their tongues are parched with thirst. I, the LORD, will answer them; I, the God of Israel, will not forsake them. / I will open rivers on the barren heights, and fountains in the middle of the valleys. I will turn the desert into a pool of water, and the dry land into flowing springs.

Isaiah 43:19-20
Behold, I am about to do something new; even now it is coming. Do you not see it? Indeed, I will make a way in the wilderness and streams in the desert. / The beasts of the field will honor Me, the jackals and the ostriches, because I provide water in the wilderness and rivers in the desert, to give drink to My chosen people.

Revelation 22:1-2
Then the angel showed me a river of the water of life, as clear as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb / down the middle of the main street of the city. On either side of the river stood a tree of life, bearing twelve kinds of fruit and yielding a fresh crop for each month. And the leaves of the tree are for the healing of the nations.

Exodus 15:25
And Moses cried out to the LORD, and the LORD showed him a log. And when he cast it into the waters, they were sweetened. There the LORD made for them a statute and an ordinance, and there He tested them,

Exodus 16:4
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Behold, I will rain down bread from heaven for you. Each day the people are to go out and gather enough for that day. In this way I will test whether or not they will follow My instructions.


Treasury of Scripture

Take the rod, and gather you the assembly together, you, and Aaron your brother, and speak you to the rock before their eyes; and it shall give forth his water, and you shall bring forth to them water out of the rock: so you shall give the congregation and their beasts drink.

the rod

Numbers 21:15,18
And at the stream of the brooks that goeth down to the dwelling of Ar, and lieth upon the border of Moab…

Exodus 4:2,17
And the LORD said unto him, What is that in thine hand? And he said, A rod…

Exodus 7:20
And Moses and Aaron did so, as the LORD commanded; and he lifted up the rod, and smote the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh, and in the sight of his servants; and all the waters that were in the river were turned to blood.

speak

Genesis 18:14
Is any thing too hard for the LORD? At the time appointed I will return unto thee, according to the time of life, and Sarah shall have a son.

Joshua 6:5,20
And it shall come to pass, that when they make a long blast with the ram's horn, and when ye hear the sound of the trumpet, all the people shall shout with a great shout; and the wall of the city shall fall down flat, and the people shall ascend up every man straight before him…

Psalm 33:9
For he spake, and it was done; he commanded, and it stood fast.

bring forth

Numbers 20:11
And Moses lifted up his hand, and with his rod he smote the rock twice: and the water came out abundantly, and the congregation drank, and their beasts also.

Nehemiah 9:15
And gavest them bread from heaven for their hunger, and broughtest forth water for them out of the rock for their thirst, and promisedst them that they should go in to possess the land which thou hadst sworn to give them.

Psalm 78:15,16
He clave the rocks in the wilderness, and gave them drink as out of the great depths…

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Aaron Assemble Assembly Beasts Congregation Convene Drink Eyes Livestock Rock Rod Speak Together Water Yield
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Aaron Assemble Assembly Beasts Congregation Convene Drink Eyes Livestock Rock Rod Speak Together Water Yield
Numbers 20
1. The children of Israel come to Zin, where Miriam dies.
2. They murmur for want of water
7. Moses smiting the rock, brings forth water at Meribah
14. Moses at Kadesh desires passage through Edom, which is denied him
22. At Mount Hor Aaron resigns his place to Eleazar, and dies














Take the staff
In the Hebrew text, the word for "staff" is "מַטֶּה" (matteh), which can also mean "rod" or "scepter." This staff is not just a physical object but a symbol of authority and leadership given by God to Moses. Historically, the staff had been used in significant events, such as the parting of the Red Sea (Exodus 14:16) and the striking of the rock at Horeb (Exodus 17:5-6). It represents God's power and presence with Moses, serving as a tangible reminder of God's faithfulness and the authority bestowed upon Moses as the leader of Israel.

and assemble the congregation
The Hebrew word for "congregation" is "עֵדָה" (edah), which refers to the assembly or gathering of the Israelites. This phrase underscores the communal aspect of Israel's relationship with God. The act of assembling the congregation is significant as it demonstrates the unity and collective identity of the Israelites as God's chosen people. Historically, the assembly of the congregation was a time for instruction, worship, and witnessing God's miraculous works, reinforcing their covenant relationship with Him.

You and Aaron
This phrase highlights the partnership between Moses and Aaron in leading the Israelites. Aaron, as the high priest, played a crucial role in the spiritual leadership of the people. The inclusion of Aaron signifies the importance of both prophetic and priestly leadership in guiding the nation. This partnership reflects the biblical principle of shared leadership and accountability before God, emphasizing that spiritual and communal responsibilities are often carried out in collaboration.

Speak to the rock
The instruction to "speak" to the rock, rather than strike it, as was done previously (Exodus 17:6), signifies a shift in how God wanted to demonstrate His power. The Hebrew word for "speak" is "דַּבֵּר" (daber), which implies communication and command. This act was meant to show the Israelites that God's provision comes through His word and authority, not through human effort or force. It serves as a lesson in obedience and faith, illustrating that God's methods may change, but His faithfulness remains constant.

before their eyes
This phrase indicates that the miracle was to be performed publicly, serving as a visible demonstration of God's power and provision. The public nature of the miracle was intended to reinforce the Israelites' faith and trust in God. It was a teaching moment for the entire community, reminding them of God's continual presence and care. Historically, such public displays of divine intervention were crucial in shaping the collective memory and identity of the Israelite nation.

and it will yield its water
The promise that the rock "will yield its water" is a testament to God's ability to provide abundantly in seemingly impossible situations. The Hebrew word for "yield" is "נָתַן" (natan), meaning "to give" or "to produce." This miraculous provision of water in the desert symbolizes God's sustenance and life-giving power. It serves as a reminder of God's provision in the wilderness and His ability to meet the needs of His people, reinforcing the theme of divine faithfulness and care.

You will bring out water from the rock
This phrase emphasizes the role of Moses and Aaron as instruments of God's will. The act of bringing out water from the rock is a cooperative effort between divine command and human obedience. It highlights the responsibility of leaders to act in faith and obedience to God's instructions. The miracle serves as a powerful reminder of God's sovereignty and the importance of following His directives precisely, as a means of experiencing His blessings and provision.

and provide drink for the congregation and their livestock
The provision of water for both the people and their livestock underscores God's comprehensive care for all aspects of life. The Hebrew word for "provide" is "שָׁקָה" (shaqah), meaning "to give drink" or "to satisfy thirst." This act of provision illustrates God's concern for the physical needs of His people and their animals, reflecting His role as a compassionate and caring provider. It serves as a reminder that God's blessings extend to all areas of life, ensuring the well-being of His creation.

(8) Take the rod.--It has been supposed by some, from the fact that the rod is represented as being taken "from before the Lord" (Numbers 20:9), that the reference is to the rod of Aaron which was kept "before the testimony" (Numbers 17:10). On the other hand, the natural presumption that the rod was the same as that with which some of the previous miracles in Egypt and those at the Red Sea and at Rephidim had been wrought is confirmed by the facts that the name of Aaron is not mentioned in this verse until after the mention of the rod, and that Moses is said, in Numbers 20:11, to have smitten the rock "with his rod."

Verse 8. - Take the rod. The ῤάβδος, or staff of office, with which Moses and Aaron had worked wonders before Pharaoh (Exodus 7:9 sq.), and with which Moses had smitten the rock in Rephidim (Exodus 17:6). This rod had not been mentioned, nor perhaps used, since then; but we might certainly have supposed that the instrument of so many miracles would be reverently laid up in the tabernacle "before the Lord," and, this we find from the next verse to have been the case. Gather thou the assembly together, i.e., by their representatives. Speak ye unto the rock before their eyes. The word used for the rock in this narrative is הַסֶּלַע instead of הַצּוּר, as in Exodus 17. It does not seem that any certain distinction of meaning can be drawn between the words, which are obviously interchanged in Judges 6:20, 21, and are both translated πέτρα by the Septuagint; but the careful use of different terms in the two narratives serves to distinguish them, just as the use of κοφίνους and σπυρίδας by St. Mark (Mark 6:43; Mark 8:8, 19, 20) helps to distinguish the two miracles of feeding the multitude.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
“Take
קַ֣ח (qaḥ)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular
Strong's 3947: To take

the staff
הַמַּטֶּ֗ה (ham·maṭ·ṭeh)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4294: A staff, rod, shaft, branch, a tribe

and assemble
וְהַקְהֵ֤ל (wə·haq·hêl)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular
Strong's 6950: To gather as an assembly or congregation

the congregation.
הָעֵדָה֙ (hā·‘ê·ḏāh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5712: A stated assemblage

You
אַתָּה֙ (’at·tāh)
Pronoun - second person masculine singular
Strong's 859: Thou and thee, ye and you

and your brother
אָחִ֔יךָ (’ā·ḥî·ḵā)
Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 251: A brother, )

Aaron
וְאַהֲרֹ֣ן (wə·’a·hă·rōn)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 175: Aaron -- an elder brother of Moses

are to speak
וְדִבַּרְתֶּ֧ם (wə·ḏib·bar·tem)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 1696: To arrange, to speak, to subdue

to
אֶל־ (’el-)
Preposition
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

the rock
הַסֶּ֛לַע (has·se·la‘)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5553: A craggy rock

while they watch,
לְעֵינֵיהֶ֖ם (lə·‘ê·nê·hem)
Preposition-l | Noun - cdc | third person masculine plural
Strong's 5869: An eye, a fountain

and it will pour out
וְנָתַ֣ן (wə·nā·ṯan)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5414: To give, put, set

its water.
מֵימָ֑יו (mê·māw)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4325: Water, juice, urine, semen

You will bring out
וְהוֹצֵאתָ֨ (wə·hō·w·ṣê·ṯā)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 3318: To go, bring, out, direct and proxim

water
מַ֙יִם֙ (ma·yim)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 4325: Water, juice, urine, semen

from
מִן־ (min-)
Preposition
Strong's 4480: A part of, from, out of

the rock
הַסֶּ֔לַע (has·se·la‘)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5553: A craggy rock

and provide drink
וְהִשְׁקִיתָ֥ (wə·hiš·qî·ṯā)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 8248: To quaff, to irrigate, furnish a, potion to

for the congregation
הָעֵדָ֖ה (hā·‘ê·ḏāh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5712: A stated assemblage

and their livestock.?
בְּעִירָֽם׃ (bə·‘î·rām)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 1165: Beasts, cattle


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OT Law: Numbers 20:8 Take the rod and assemble the congregation (Nu Num.)
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