Numbers 20:2
New International Version
Now there was no water for the community, and the people gathered in opposition to Moses and Aaron.

New Living Translation
There was no water for the people to drink at that place, so they rebelled against Moses and Aaron.

English Standard Version
Now there was no water for the congregation. And they assembled themselves together against Moses and against Aaron.

Berean Standard Bible
Now there was no water for the congregation, so they gathered against Moses and Aaron.

King James Bible
And there was no water for the congregation: and they gathered themselves together against Moses and against Aaron.

New King James Version
Now there was no water for the congregation; so they gathered together against Moses and Aaron.

New American Standard Bible
There was no water for the congregation, and they assembled against Moses and Aaron.

NASB 1995
There was no water for the congregation, and they assembled themselves against Moses and Aaron.

NASB 1977
And there was no water for the congregation; and they assembled themselves against Moses and Aaron.

Legacy Standard Bible
Now there was no water for the congregation, and they assembled themselves against Moses and Aaron.

Amplified Bible
Now there was no water for the congregation, and they gathered together against Moses and Aaron.

Christian Standard Bible
There was no water for the community, so they assembled against Moses and Aaron.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
There was no water for the community, so they assembled against Moses and Aaron.

American Standard Version
And there was no water for the congregation: and they assembled themselves together against Moses and against Aaron.

Contemporary English Version
The Israelites had no water, so they went to Moses and Aaron

English Revised Version
And there was no water for the congregation: and they assembled themselves together against Moses and against Aaron.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Since the community was without water, they came together to confront Moses and Aaron.

Good News Translation
There was no water where they camped, so the people gathered around Moses and Aaron

International Standard Version
But there was no water for the community, so they gathered together against Moses and Aaron.

Majority Standard Bible
Now there was no water for the congregation, so they gathered against Moses and Aaron.

NET Bible
And there was no water for the community, and so they gathered themselves together against Moses and Aaron.

New Heart English Bible
There was no water for the congregation: and they assembled themselves together against Moses and against Aaron.

Webster's Bible Translation
And there was no water for the congregation: and they assembled themselves against Moses and against Aaron.

World English Bible
There was no water for the congregation; and they assembled themselves together against Moses and against Aaron.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And there has been no water for the congregation, and they are assembled against Moses and against Aaron,

Young's Literal Translation
And there hath been no water for the company, and they are assembled against Moses, and against Aaron,

Smith's Literal Translation
And there was not water for the assembly: and they will gather together against Moses and against Aaron.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And the people wanting water, came together against Moses and Aaron:

Catholic Public Domain Version
And when the people were in need of water, they came together against Moses and Aaron.

New American Bible
Since the community had no water, they held an assembly against Moses and Aaron.

New Revised Standard Version
Now there was no water for the congregation; so they gathered together against Moses and against Aaron.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And there was no water for the people to drink; and they gathered themselves together against Moses and against Aaron.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And there was no water for the people to drink and the people assembled against Moshe and against Ahron.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And there was no water for the congregation; and they assembled themselves together against Moses and against Aaron.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And there was no water for the congregation: and they gathered themselves together against Moses and Aaron.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Water from the Rock
1In the first month, the whole congregation of Israel entered the Wilderness of Zin and stayed in Kadesh. There Miriam died and was buried. 2Now there was no water for the congregation, so they gathered against Moses and Aaron. 3The people quarreled with Moses and said, “If only we had perished with our brothers before the LORD!…

Cross References
Exodus 17:1-7
Then the whole congregation of Israel left the Desert of Sin, moving from place to place as the LORD commanded. They camped at Rephidim, but there was no water for the people to drink. / So the people contended with Moses, “Give us water to drink.” “Why do you contend with me?” Moses replied. “Why do you test the LORD?” / But the people thirsted for water there, and they grumbled against Moses: “Why have you brought us out of Egypt—to make us and our children and livestock die of thirst?” ...

Psalm 78:15-16
He split the rocks in the wilderness and gave them drink as abundant as the seas. / He brought streams from the stone and made water flow down like rivers.

Psalm 105:41
He opened a rock, and water gushed out; it flowed like a river in the desert.

1 Corinthians 10:4
and drank the same spiritual drink; for they drank from the spiritual rock that accompanied them, and that rock was Christ.

Deuteronomy 8:15
He led you through the vast and terrifying wilderness with its venomous snakes and scorpions, a thirsty and waterless land. He brought you water from the rock of flint.

Nehemiah 9:15
In their hunger You gave them bread from heaven; in their thirst You brought them water from the rock. You told them to go in and possess the land that You had sworn to give them.

Isaiah 48:21
They did not thirst when He led them through the deserts; He made water flow for them from the rock; He split the rock, and water gushed out.

John 4:13-14
Jesus said to her, “Everyone who drinks this water will be thirsty again. / But whoever drinks the water I give him will never thirst. Indeed, the water I give him will become in him a fount of water springing up to eternal life.”

John 7:37-38
On the last and greatest day of the feast, Jesus stood up and called out in a loud voice, “If anyone is thirsty, let him come to Me and drink. / Whoever believes in Me, as the Scripture has said: ‘Streams of living water will flow from within him.’”

Psalm 114:8
who turned the rock into a pool, the flint into a fountain of water!

Isaiah 41:17-18
The poor and needy seek water, but there is none; their tongues are parched with thirst. I, the LORD, will answer them; I, the God of Israel, will not forsake them. / I will open rivers on the barren heights, and fountains in the middle of the valleys. I will turn the desert into a pool of water, and the dry land into flowing springs.

Exodus 15:22-24
Then Moses led Israel from the Red Sea, and they went out into the Desert of Shur. For three days they walked in the desert without finding water. / And when they came to Marah, they could not drink the water there because it was bitter. (That is why it was named Marah.) / So the people grumbled against Moses, saying, “What are we to drink?”

Numbers 21:5
and spoke against God and against Moses: “Why have you led us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? There is no bread or water, and we detest this wretched food!”

Deuteronomy 9:22
You continued to provoke the LORD at Taberah, at Massah, and at Kibroth-hattaavah.

Psalm 107:4-6
Some wandered in desert wastelands, finding no path to a city in which to dwell. / They were hungry and thirsty; their soul fainted within them. / Then they cried out to the LORD in their trouble, and He delivered them from their distress.


Treasury of Scripture

And there was no water for the congregation: and they gathered themselves together against Moses and against Aaron.

no

Exodus 16:23,24
And he said unto them, This is that which the LORD hath said, To morrow is the rest of the holy sabbath unto the LORD: bake that which ye will bake to day, and seethe that ye will seethe; and that which remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning…

Exodus 17:1-4
And all the congregation of the children of Israel journeyed from the wilderness of Sin, after their journeys, according to the commandment of the LORD, and pitched in Rephidim: and there was no water for the people to drink…

gathered

Numbers 11:1-6
And when the people complained, it displeased the LORD: and the LORD heard it; and his anger was kindled; and the fire of the LORD burnt among them, and consumed them that were in the uttermost parts of the camp…

Numbers 16:3,19,42
And they gathered themselves together against Moses and against Aaron, and said unto them, Ye take too much upon you, seeing all the congregation are holy, every one of them, and the LORD is among them: wherefore then lift ye up yourselves above the congregation of the LORD? …

Numbers 21:5
And the people spake against God, and against Moses, Wherefore have ye brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? for there is no bread, neither is there any water; and our soul loatheth this light bread.

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Aaron Assembled Assembly Community Company Congregation Moses Opposition Themselves Together
Numbers 20
1. The children of Israel come to Zin, where Miriam dies.
2. They murmur for want of water
7. Moses smiting the rock, brings forth water at Meribah
14. Moses at Kadesh desires passage through Edom, which is denied him
22. At Mount Hor Aaron resigns his place to Eleazar, and dies














Now there was no water
The Hebrew word for "water" is "מַיִם" (mayim), which is a fundamental necessity for life, especially in the arid wilderness where the Israelites found themselves. This phrase sets the stage for a recurring theme in the Israelites' journey: reliance on God for provision. Historically, the scarcity of water in the desert regions of the Sinai Peninsula is well-documented, emphasizing the miraculous nature of God's provision. Spiritually, water often symbolizes the sustenance and life that God provides, pointing to the deeper need for spiritual nourishment.

for the congregation
The term "congregation" refers to the assembly of the Israelites, the people of God. In Hebrew, the word is "עֵדָה" (edah), which can also mean a witness or testimony. This highlights the role of the Israelites as witnesses to God's power and faithfulness. The congregation's experiences and responses serve as a testimony to future generations. Theologically, this underscores the communal aspect of faith, where the community collectively experiences and responds to God's actions.

and they gathered
The Hebrew root for "gathered" is "קהל" (qahal), which implies an assembly or coming together, often for a specific purpose. In this context, the gathering is not just a physical assembly but a collective expression of concern and complaint. This reflects a pattern seen throughout the Israelites' journey, where physical needs often led to spiritual testing. The act of gathering can be seen as a precursor to seeking divine intervention, highlighting the importance of community in addressing challenges.

against Moses and Aaron
Moses and Aaron, as leaders appointed by God, often bore the brunt of the people's frustrations. The preposition "against" indicates opposition or confrontation. This reflects a deeper issue of trust and obedience to God's appointed leadership. Historically, Moses and Aaron were central figures in guiding the Israelites, and their leadership was constantly tested. This phrase serves as a reminder of the challenges faced by those in spiritual leadership and the need for patience and reliance on God amidst opposition. It also points to the human tendency to direct frustration towards visible leaders rather than seeking divine solutions.

(2) And there was no water . . . --Kadesh may have comprised a considerable portion of the wilderness of Zin, and there may have been a supply of water in some parts of the district and a scarcity in others; or the supply may have proved insufficient for the wants of so great a multitude; or the miraculous supply which was given at Rephidim may have continued, with more or less frequent intermissions, up to the time to which this statement refers, and may have been suddenly withdrawn at this time in order to try the faith of the Israelites.

Verse 2. - There was no water. There was a large natural spring at Kadesh, and during the time of their previous sojourn there no complaint of this sort seems to have arisen. At this time, however, the bulk of the encampment may have lain in a different direction (cf. verse 1 with chapter Numbers 13:26), or the supply may have failed kern temporary causes. In either case a total absence of water need not be imagined, but only an insufficient supply.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Now there was
הָ֥יָה (hā·yāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

no
וְלֹא־ (wə·lō-)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

water
מַ֖יִם (ma·yim)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 4325: Water, juice, urine, semen

for the congregation,
לָעֵדָ֑ה (lā·‘ê·ḏāh)
Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5712: A stated assemblage

so they gathered
וַיִּקָּ֣הֲל֔וּ (way·yiq·qā·hă·lū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 6950: To gather as an assembly or congregation

against
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

Moses
מֹשֶׁ֖ה (mō·šeh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4872: Moses -- a great Israelite leader, prophet and lawgiver

and Aaron.
אַהֲרֹֽן׃ (’a·hă·rōn)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 175: Aaron -- an elder brother of Moses


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OT Law: Numbers 20:2 There was no water for the congregation: (Nu Num.)
Numbers 20:1
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