1 Chronicles 10:13
New International Version
Saul died because he was unfaithful to the LORD; he did not keep the word of the LORD and even consulted a medium for guidance,

New Living Translation
So Saul died because he was unfaithful to the LORD. He failed to obey the LORD’s command, and he even consulted a medium

English Standard Version
So Saul died for his breach of faith. He broke faith with the LORD in that he did not keep the command of the LORD, and also consulted a medium, seeking guidance.

Berean Standard Bible
So Saul died for his unfaithfulness to the LORD, because he did not keep the word of the LORD and even consulted a medium for guidance,

King James Bible
So Saul died for his transgression which he committed against the LORD, even against the word of the LORD, which he kept not, and also for asking counsel of one that had a familiar spirit, to inquire of it;

New King James Version
So Saul died for his unfaithfulness which he had committed against the LORD, because he did not keep the word of the LORD, and also because he consulted a medium for guidance.

New American Standard Bible
So Saul died for his unfaithfulness which he committed against the LORD, because of the word of the LORD which he did not keep; and also because he asked counsel of a medium, making inquiry of her,

NASB 1995
So Saul died for his trespass which he committed against the LORD, because of the word of the LORD which he did not keep; and also because he asked counsel of a medium, making inquiry of it,

NASB 1977
So Saul died for his trespass which he committed against the LORD, because of the word of the LORD which he did not keep; and also because he asked counsel of a medium, making inquiry of it,

Legacy Standard Bible
Thus Saul died for his unfaithfulness, which he committed against Yahweh, because of the word of Yahweh which he did not keep; and also because he asked counsel of a medium, making inquiry of it,

Amplified Bible
So Saul died for his trespass which he committed against the LORD, for his failure to keep the word of the LORD; and also because he consulted a medium [regarding a spirit of the dead], to inquire of her,

Christian Standard Bible
Saul died for his unfaithfulness to the LORD because he did not keep the LORD’s word. He even consulted a medium for guidance,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Saul died for his unfaithfulness to the LORD because he did not keep the LORD’s word. He even consulted a medium for guidance,

American Standard Version
So Saul died for his trespass which he committed against Jehovah, because of the word of Jehovah, which he kept not; and also for that he asked counsel of one that had a familiar spirit, to inquire thereby,

Contemporary English Version
Saul died because he was unfaithful and disobeyed the LORD. He even asked advice from a woman who talked to spirits of the dead,

English Revised Version
So Saul died for his trespass which he committed against the LORD, because of the word of the LORD, which he kept not; and also for that he asked counsel of one that had a familiar spirit, to inquire thereby,

GOD'S WORD® Translation
So Saul died because of his unfaithfulness to the LORD: He did not obey the word of the LORD. He asked a medium to request information [from a dead person].

Good News Translation
Saul died because he was unfaithful to the LORD. He disobeyed the LORD's commands; he tried to find guidance by consulting the spirits of the dead

International Standard Version
So Saul died for his transgressions; that is, he acted unfaithfully to the LORD by transgressing the message from the LORD (which he did not keep), by consulting a medium for advice,

Majority Standard Bible
So Saul died for his unfaithfulness to the LORD, because he did not keep the word of the LORD and even consulted a medium for guidance,

NET Bible
So Saul died because he was unfaithful to the LORD and did not obey the LORD's instructions; he even tried to conjure up underworld spirits.

New Heart English Bible
So Saul died for his trespass which he committed against the LORD, because of the word of the LORD, which he did not keep; and also because he asked counsel of one who had a familiar spirit, to inquire thereby,

Webster's Bible Translation
So Saul died for his transgression which he committed against the LORD, even against the word of the LORD, which he kept not, and also for asking counsel of one that had a familiar spirit, to inquire of it;

World English Bible
So Saul died for his trespass which he committed against Yahweh, because of Yahweh’s word, which he didn’t keep, and also because he asked counsel of one who had a familiar spirit, to inquire,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And Saul dies because of his trespass that he trespassed against YHWH, against the word of YHWH that he did not keep, and also for asking to inquire of a familiar spirit;

Young's Literal Translation
And Saul dieth because of his trespass that he trespassed against Jehovah, against the word of Jehovah that he kept not, and also for asking at a familiar spirit -- to inquire, --

Smith's Literal Translation
And Saul will die in his transgression which he transgressed against Jehovah, against the word of Jehovah, which he watched not, and also for asking to a sorcerer to seek out;
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
So Saul died for his iniquities, because he transgressed the commandment of the Lord, which he had commanded, and kept it not: and moreover consulted also a witch,

Catholic Public Domain Version
Thus did Saul die for his iniquities, because he betrayed the commandment of the Lord which he had instructed, and did not keep it. And moreover, he even consulted a woman diviner;

New American Bible
Thus Saul died because of his treason against the LORD in disobeying his word, and also because he had sought counsel from a ghost,

New Revised Standard Version
So Saul died for his unfaithfulness; he was unfaithful to the LORD in that he did not keep the command of the LORD; moreover, he had consulted a medium, seeking guidance,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
So Saul died because of the transgression which he committed against the LORD, and because of the command of the LORD, which he kept not,

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Shaul died because he lied to LORD JEHOVAH, and he did not keep the thing that he commanded him.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
So Saul died for his transgression which he committed against the LORD, because of the word of the LORD, which he kept not; and also for that he asked counsel of a ghost, to inquire thereby,

Brenton Septuagint Translation
So Saul died for his transgressions, wherein he transgressed against God, against the word of the Lord, forasmuch as he kept it not, because Saul enquired of a wizard to seek counsel, and Samuel the prophet answered him:

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Jabesh-gilead's Tribute to Saul
12all their men of valor set out and retrieved the bodies of Saul and his sons and brought them to Jabesh. And they buried their bones under the oak in Jabesh and fasted seven days. 13So Saul died for his unfaithfulness to the LORD, because he did not keep the word of the LORD and even consulted a medium for guidance, 14and he failed to inquire of the LORD. So the LORD put him to death and turned the kingdom over to David son of Jesse.…

Cross References
1 Samuel 28:18
Because you did not obey the LORD or carry out His burning anger against Amalek, the LORD has done this to you today.

1 Samuel 15:23
For rebellion is like the sin of divination, and arrogance is like the wickedness of idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of the LORD, He has rejected you as king.”

1 Samuel 13:13-14
“You have acted foolishly,” Samuel declared. “You have not kept the command that the LORD your God gave you; if you had, the LORD would have established your kingdom over Israel for all time. / But now your kingdom will not endure; the LORD has sought a man after His own heart and appointed him ruler over His people, because you have not kept the command of the LORD.”

1 Samuel 28:6-7
He inquired of the LORD, but the LORD did not answer him by dreams or Urim or prophets. / Then Saul said to his servants, “Find me a woman who is a medium, so I can go and consult her.” “There is a medium at Endor,” his servants replied.

1 Samuel 31:1-6
Now the Philistines fought against Israel, and the men of Israel fled before them, and many fell slain on Mount Gilboa. / The Philistines hotly pursued Saul and his sons, and they killed Saul’s sons Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchishua. / When the battle intensified against Saul, the archers overtook him and wounded him critically. ...

1 Samuel 15:26
“I will not return with you,” Samuel replied. “For you have rejected the word of the LORD, and He has rejected you as king over Israel.”

1 Samuel 16:14
Now the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and a spirit of distress from the LORD began to torment him.

1 Samuel 28:16-19
“Why do you consult me,” asked Samuel, “since the LORD has turned away from you and become your enemy? / He has done exactly what He spoke through me: The LORD has torn the kingdom out of your hand and given it to your neighbor David. / Because you did not obey the LORD or carry out His burning anger against Amalek, the LORD has done this to you today. ...

2 Samuel 1:13-16
And David inquired of the young man who had brought him the report, “Where are you from?” “I am the son of a foreigner,” he answered. “I am an Amalekite.” / So David asked him, “Why were you not afraid to lift your hand to destroy the LORD’s anointed?” / Then David summoned one of the young men and said, “Go, execute him!” So the young man struck him down, and he died. ...

1 Samuel 12:14-15
If you fear the LORD and serve Him and obey His voice, and if you do not rebel against the command of the LORD, and if both you and the king who rules over you follow the LORD your God, then all will be well. / But if you disobey the LORD and rebel against His command, then the hand of the LORD will be against you as it was against your fathers.

1 Samuel 28:15
Then Samuel said to Saul, “Why have you disturbed me by bringing me up?” “I am deeply distressed,” replied Saul. “The Philistines are fighting against me, and God has turned away from me. He no longer answers me, either by prophets or by dreams. So I have called on you to tell me what to do.”

1 Samuel 15:11
“I regret that I have made Saul king, for he has turned away from following Me and has not carried out My instructions.” And Samuel was distressed and cried out to the LORD all that night.

1 Samuel 28:8-10
So Saul disguised himself by putting on different clothes, and he set out with two of his men. They came to the woman at night, and Saul said, “Consult a spirit for me. Bring up for me the one I name.” / But the woman replied, “Surely you know what Saul has done, how he has killed the mediums and spiritists in the land. Why have you set a trap to get me killed?” / Then Saul swore to her by the LORD: “As surely as the LORD lives, no punishment shall come upon you for this.”

1 Samuel 28:20
Immediately Saul fell flat on the ground, terrified by the words of Samuel. And his strength was gone, because he had not eaten anything all that day and night.

1 Samuel 15:9
Saul and his troops spared Agag, along with the best of the sheep and cattle, the fat calves and lambs, and the best of everything else. They were unwilling to devote them to destruction, but they devoted to destruction all that was despised and worthless.


Treasury of Scripture

So Saul died for his transgression which he committed against the LORD, even against the word of the LORD, which he kept not, and also for asking counsel of one that had a familiar spirit, to inquire of it;

committed [heb] transgressed

1 Samuel 13:13
And Samuel said to Saul, Thou hast done foolishly: thou hast not kept the commandment of the LORD thy God, which he commanded thee: for now would the LORD have established thy kingdom upon Israel for ever.

1 Samuel 15:2,23
Thus saith the LORD of hosts, I remember that which Amalek did to Israel, how he laid wait for him in the way, when he came up from Egypt…

for asking

1 Samuel 28:7-20
Then said Saul unto his servants, Seek me a woman that hath a familiar spirit, that I may go to her, and inquire of her. And his servants said to him, Behold, there is a woman that hath a familiar spirit at Endor…

a familiar

Exodus 22:18
Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live.

Leviticus 19:31
Regard not them that have familiar spirits, neither seek after wizards, to be defiled by them: I am the LORD your God.

Leviticus 20:6
And the soul that turneth after such as have familiar spirits, and after wizards, to go a whoring after them, I will even set my face against that soul, and will cut him off from among his people.

Jump to Previous
Command Committed Consulted Counsel Death Died Dieth Directions Enquire Evil Familiar Ghost Inquire Inquired Inquiry Kept Making Medium Saul Spirit Thereby Transgression Trespass Trespassed Unfaithful Unfaithfulness Word
Jump to Next
Command Committed Consulted Counsel Death Died Dieth Directions Enquire Evil Familiar Ghost Inquire Inquired Inquiry Kept Making Medium Saul Spirit Thereby Transgression Trespass Trespassed Unfaithful Unfaithfulness Word
1 Chronicles 10
1. Saul's overthrow and death
8. The Philistines triumph over Saul
11. The kindness of Jabesh Gilead toward Saul and his sons
13. Saul's sin for which the kingdom was transferred from him to David














So Saul died
The phrase marks the conclusion of King Saul's tragic reign. Saul's death is not merely a historical event but a theological statement. The Hebrew root for "died" (מוּת, "muth") often implies a divine judgment. Saul's death is portrayed as a direct consequence of his actions, emphasizing the biblical principle that disobedience to God leads to spiritual and often physical demise.

for his unfaithfulness
The Hebrew word for "unfaithfulness" (מַעַל, "ma'al") conveys a breach of trust or treachery. Saul's unfaithfulness is not just a failure in leadership but a personal betrayal of his covenant relationship with God. This highlights the seriousness of covenant fidelity in the biblical narrative, where faithfulness to God is paramount.

to the LORD
The use of "LORD" (יהוה, "Yahweh") underscores the personal and covenantal nature of God in Israel's history. Saul's unfaithfulness is not against an abstract deity but against Yahweh, the covenant God of Israel. This personal relationship with God is central to the biblical narrative, where God desires a faithful and obedient relationship with His people.

because he did not keep
The phrase "did not keep" (שָׁמַר, "shamar") implies a failure to guard or observe. In the biblical context, keeping God's word is an active, vigilant process. Saul's failure to "keep" signifies a neglect of duty and a passive disregard for God's commands, which is a recurring theme in the narratives of Israel's kings.

the word of the LORD
The "word of the LORD" (דְּבַר־יְהוָה, "davar-Yahweh") is a powerful concept in Scripture, representing God's revealed will and commands. Saul's failure to adhere to God's word is a rejection of divine authority. This highlights the importance of Scripture as the ultimate guide for faith and practice in the life of believers.

and even consulted a medium
The act of consulting a medium (אוֹב, "ov") is explicitly forbidden in the Torah (Leviticus 19:31, Deuteronomy 18:10-12). Saul's decision to seek guidance from a medium represents a desperate and sinful attempt to gain insight outside of God's provision. This act of disobedience underscores the danger of turning to occult practices, which are seen as a direct affront to God's sovereignty.

for guidance
The Hebrew word for "guidance" (דָּרַשׁ, "darash") means to seek or inquire. Saul's seeking guidance from a medium instead of God illustrates a profound spiritual failure. It serves as a cautionary tale about the importance of seeking God's guidance through prayer and His word, rather than turning to forbidden or ungodly sources.

(13, 14) A concluding reflection from the mind of the chronicler himself. He sums up his extract concerning the ruin of Saul by assigning the moral ground of it, viz., Saul's "unfaithfulness whereby he showed himself unfaithful to Jehovah." The same charge was made against the Transjordan tribes in 1Chronicles 5:25, and against the people of Judah in 1Chronicles 9:1.

(13) Even against the word of the Lord.--Saul's unfaithfulness was twofold: (1) he did not observe the prophetic word of Jehovah (comp. 1Samuel 13:13; 1Samuel 15:11); and (2) he consulted a necromancer, to the neglect of consulting Jehovah (1 Samuel 28).

And also for asking counsel.--And also by consulting the necromancer in order to get a response. "Turn ye not to the necromancers" (Leviticus 19:31). (See also Isaiah 8:19.) Saul broke the general law of his people, as well as special commands addressed to himself. No allusion is made to his cruel slaughter of the priests (1Samuel 22:18), nor to his implacable hatred of David. . . .

Verse 13. - So Saul died for his transgression. (For this transgression and the stress laid upon it and its predicted consequences, see 1 Samuel 15:1-9, 11, 14; 1 Samuel 28:18.) For asking... of... a familiar spirit (1 Samuel 28:7-24).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
So Saul
שָׁא֗וּל (šā·’ūl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 7586: Saul -- first king of Israel, also an Edomite and two Israelites

died
וַיָּ֣מָת (way·yā·māṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 4191: To die, to kill

for his unfaithfulness
בְּמַֽעֲלוֹ֙ (bə·ma·‘ă·lōw)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4603: To cover up, to act covertly, treacherously

to the LORD,
בַּֽיהוָ֔ה (Yah·weh)
Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

because
אֲשֶׁ֣ר (’ă·šer)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

he did not
לֹא־ (lō-)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

keep
שָׁמָ֑ר (šā·mār)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 8104: To hedge about, guard, to protect, attend to

the word
דְּבַ֥ר (də·ḇar)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1697: A word, a matter, thing, a cause

of the LORD
יְהוָ֖ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

and even
וְגַם־ (wə·ḡam-)
Conjunctive waw | Conjunction
Strong's 1571: Assemblage, also, even, yea, though, both, and

consulted
לִשְׁא֥וֹל (liš·’ō·wl)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 7592: To inquire, to request, to demand

a medium
בָּא֖וֹב (bā·’ō·wḇ)
Preposition, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 178: A bottle (made from animal skin), a necromancer

for guidance,
לִדְרֽוֹשׁ׃ (liḏ·rō·wōš)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 1875: To tread, frequent, to follow, to seek, ask, to worship


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 10:13 So Saul died for his trespass which (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
1 Chronicles 10:12
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