1 Chronicles 10:1
New International Version
Now the Philistines fought against Israel; the Israelites fled before them, and many fell dead on Mount Gilboa.

New Living Translation
Now the Philistines attacked Israel, and the men of Israel fled before them. Many were slaughtered on the slopes of Mount Gilboa.

English Standard Version
Now the Philistines fought against Israel, and the men of Israel fled before the Philistines and fell slain on Mount Gilboa.

Berean Standard Bible
Now the Philistines fought against Israel, and the men of Israel fled before them, and many fell slain on Mount Gilboa.

King James Bible
Now the Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa.

New King James Version
Now the Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell slain on Mount Gilboa.

New American Standard Bible
Now the Philistines fought against Israel, and the men of Israel fled from the Philistines but fell fatally wounded on Mount Gilboa.

NASB 1995
Now the Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled before the Philistines and fell slain on Mount Gilboa.

NASB 1977
Now the Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled before the Philistines, and fell slain on Mount Gilboa.

Legacy Standard Bible
Now the Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines and fell slain on Mount Gilboa.

Amplified Bible
Now the Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled from them and fell slain on Mount Gilboa.

Christian Standard Bible
The Philistines fought against Israel, and Israel’s men fled from them. Many were killed on Mount Gilboa.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The Philistines fought against Israel, and Israel’s men fled from them and were killed on Mount Gilboa.

American Standard Version
Now the Philistines fought against Israel: and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa.

Contemporary English Version
The Philistines fought against Israel in a battle at Mount Gilboa. Israel's soldiers ran from the Philistines, and many of them were killed.

English Revised Version
Now the Philistines fought against Israel: and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
When the Philistines fought against Israel, the men of Israel fled from the Philistines and were killed in battle on Mount Gilboa.

Good News Translation
The Philistines fought a battle against the Israelites on Mount Gilboa. Many Israelites were killed there, and the rest of them, including King Saul and his sons, fled.

International Standard Version
The Philistines were fighting against Israel, and each soldier of Israel fled before the Philistines. They fell slain on the mountain of Gilboa.

Majority Standard Bible
Now the Philistines fought against Israel, and the men of Israel fled before them, and many fell slain on Mount Gilboa.

NET Bible
Now the Philistines fought against Israel. The Israelites fled before the Philistines and many of them fell dead on Mount Gilboa.

New Heart English Bible
Now the Philistines fought against Israel: and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain on Mount Gilboa.

Webster's Bible Translation
Now the Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa.

World English Bible
Now the Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain on Mount Gilboa.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And the Philistines have fought with Israel, and the men of Israel flee from the face of the Philistines, and fall wounded in Mount Gilboa,

Young's Literal Translation
And the Philistines have fought with Israel, and the men of Israel flee from the face of the Philistines, and fall wounded in mount Gilboa,

Smith's Literal Translation
And the rovers waged war with Israel; and the man Israel will flee from the face of the rovers, and they will fall wounded in mount Gilboa.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Now the Philistines fought against Israel, and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down wounded in mount Gelboe.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Now the Philistines were fighting against Israel, and the men of Israel fled from the Philistines, and they fell down wounded on mount Gilboa.

New American Bible
Now the Philistines went to war against Israel, and Israel fled before them, and they fell, slain on Mount Gilboa.

New Revised Standard Version
Now the Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled before the Philistines, and fell slain on Mount Gilboa.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
NOW the Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and many fell slain on mount Gilboa.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the Philistines were fighting with Israel, and the men of Israel fled from the Philistines, and many fell slain on the Mountain of Gelbua.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Now the Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Now the Philistines warred against Israel; and they fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gelbue.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Saul's Overthrow and Death
1Now the Philistines fought against Israel, and the men of Israel fled before them, and many fell slain on Mount Gilboa. 2The Philistines followed hard after Saul and his sons, and they killed Saul’s sons Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchishua.…

Cross References
1 Samuel 31:1-13
Now the Philistines fought against Israel, and the men of Israel fled before them, and many fell slain on Mount Gilboa. / The Philistines hotly pursued Saul and his sons, and they killed Saul’s sons Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchishua. / When the battle intensified against Saul, the archers overtook him and wounded him critically. ...

2 Samuel 1:1-27
After the death of Saul, David returned from the slaughter of the Amalekites and stayed in Ziklag two days. / On the third day a man with torn clothes and dust on his head arrived from Saul’s camp. When he came to David, he fell to the ground to pay him homage. / “Where have you come from?” David asked. “I have escaped from the Israelite camp,” he replied. ...

2 Samuel 21:12-14
he went and took the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan from the men of Jabesh-gilead, who had stolen them from the public square of Beth-shan where the Philistines had hung the bodies after they had struck down Saul at Gilboa. / So David had the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan brought from there, and they also gathered the bones of those who had been hanged. / And they buried the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan in Zela in the land of Benjamin, in the tomb of Saul’s father Kish. After they had done everything the king had commanded, God answered their prayers for the land.

1 Samuel 28:4-19
The Philistines gathered together and camped at Shunem, while Saul gathered all Israel and camped at Gilboa. / When Saul saw the Philistine army, he was afraid and trembled violently. / He inquired of the LORD, but the LORD did not answer him by dreams or Urim or prophets. ...

1 Samuel 29:1
Now the Philistines brought all their forces together at Aphek, while Israel camped by the spring in Jezreel.

1 Samuel 30:1
On the third day David and his men arrived in Ziklag, and the Amalekites had raided the Negev, attacked Ziklag, and burned it down.

2 Samuel 2:4-7
Then the men of Judah came to Hebron, and there they anointed David king over the house of Judah. And they told David, “It was the men of Jabesh-gilead who buried Saul.” / So David sent messengers to the men of Jabesh-gilead to tell them, “The LORD bless you, because you showed this kindness to Saul your lord when you buried him. / Now may the LORD show you loving devotion and faithfulness, and I will also show you the same favor because you have done this. ...

2 Samuel 4:4
And Jonathan son of Saul had a son who was lame in his feet. He was five years old when the report about Saul and Jonathan came from Jezreel. His nurse picked him up and fled, but as she was hurrying to escape, he fell and became lame. His name was Mephibosheth.

2 Samuel 5:17-25
When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed king over Israel, they all went in search of him; but David learned of this and went down to the stronghold. / Now the Philistines had come and spread out in the Valley of Rephaim. / So David inquired of the LORD, “Should I go up against the Philistines? Will You deliver them into my hand?” “Go up,” replied the LORD, “for I will surely deliver the Philistines into your hand.” ...

2 Samuel 6:1-2
David again assembled the chosen men of Israel, thirty thousand in all. / And he and all his troops set out for Baale of Judah to bring up from there the ark of God, which is called by the Name—the name of the LORD of Hosts, who is enthroned between the cherubim that are on it.

1 Chronicles 11:1-3
Then all Israel came together to David at Hebron and said, “Here we are, your own flesh and blood. / Even in times past, while Saul was king, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them back. And the LORD your God said, ‘You will shepherd My people Israel, and you will be ruler over them.’” / So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, where David made a covenant with them before the LORD. And they anointed him king over Israel, according to the word of the LORD through Samuel.

1 Chronicles 12:1-2
Now these were the men who came to David at Ziklag, while he was still banished from the presence of Saul son of Kish (they were among the mighty men who helped him in battle; / they were archers using both the right and left hands to sling stones and shoot arrows; and they were Saul’s kinsmen from Benjamin):

1 Chronicles 13:1-4
Then David conferred with all his leaders, the commanders of thousands and of hundreds. / And he said to the whole assembly of Israel, “If it seems good to you, and if this is of the LORD our God, let us send word far and wide to the rest of our brothers in all the land of Israel, and also to the priests and Levites in their cities and pasturelands, so that they may join us. / Then let us bring back the ark of our God, for we did not inquire of Him in the days of Saul.” ...

1 Chronicles 14:8-17
When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed king over all Israel, they all went in search of him; but David learned of this and went out to face them. / Now the Philistines had come and raided the Valley of Rephaim. / So David inquired of God, “Should I go up against the Philistines? Will You deliver them into my hand?” “Go,” replied the LORD, “for I will deliver them into your hand.” ...

1 Chronicles 15:25-29
So David, the elders of Israel, and the commanders of thousands went with rejoicing to bring the ark of the covenant of the LORD from the house of Obed-edom. / And because God helped the Levites who were carrying the ark of the covenant of the LORD, they sacrificed seven bulls and seven rams. / Now David was dressed in a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who were carrying the ark, as well as the singers and Chenaniah, the director of music for the singers. David also wore a linen ephod. ...


Treasury of Scripture

Now the Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa.

A.

1 Samuel 28:1
And it came to pass in those days, that the Philistines gathered their armies together for warfare, to fight with Israel. And Achish said unto David, Know thou assuredly, that thou shalt go out with me to battle, thou and thy men.

1 Samuel 29:1,2
Now the Philistines gathered together all their armies to Aphek: and the Israelites pitched by a fountain which is in Jezreel…

1 Samuel 31:1,2
Now the Philistines fought against Israel: and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa…

slain.

1 Chronicles 10:8
And it came to pass on the morrow, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, that they found Saul and his sons fallen in mount Gilboa.

1 Samuel 28:4
And the Philistines gathered themselves together, and came and pitched in Shunem: and Saul gathered all Israel together, and they pitched in Gilboa.

1 Samuel 31:1
Now the Philistines fought against Israel: and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa.

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1 Chronicles 10
1. Saul's overthrow and death
8. The Philistines triumph over Saul
11. The kindness of Jabesh Gilead toward Saul and his sons
13. Saul's sin for which the kingdom was transferred from him to David














Now the Philistines
The Philistines were a significant and recurring adversary of Israel throughout the Old Testament. Their origins trace back to the Aegean region, and they settled along the coastal plains of Canaan. Archaeological findings, such as pottery and inscriptions, confirm their presence and influence in the region. The Philistines were known for their military prowess and advanced iron weaponry, which often gave them an advantage over the Israelites. This phrase sets the stage for the conflict, highlighting the ongoing struggle between the Israelites and their formidable enemies.

fought against Israel
This phrase underscores the continuous state of warfare between the Philistines and the Israelites. The Hebrew root for "fought" (לחם, lacham) conveys a sense of intense battle and struggle. Historically, these conflicts were not just physical but also spiritual, as they represented the clash between the pagan practices of the Philistines and the monotheistic faith of Israel. The battles were a test of faith and obedience to God, who had promised to protect Israel if they remained faithful to Him.

and the men of Israel fled
The flight of the Israelite soldiers indicates a moment of fear and defeat. The Hebrew word for "fled" (נוס, nus) suggests a hurried and chaotic retreat. This retreat reflects a lack of faith and trust in God's protection, which was a recurring issue for Israel. Throughout the Old Testament, Israel's victories were often attributed to their reliance on God, while their defeats were linked to disobedience and lack of faith.

before the Philistines
This phrase highlights the dominance of the Philistines in this particular battle. The Israelites' retreat "before" their enemies signifies a reversal of the ideal order, where God's chosen people were meant to be victorious over their adversaries. It serves as a reminder of the consequences of straying from God's commandments and the importance of seeking His guidance in times of conflict.

and fell slain
The tragic outcome of the battle is captured in these words. The Hebrew root for "slain" (נפל, naphal) conveys a sense of falling or being overthrown. This defeat was not just a physical loss but also a spiritual and moral one for Israel. It serves as a somber reminder of the cost of disobedience and the importance of remaining steadfast in faith.

on Mount Gilboa
Mount Gilboa is a significant geographical location in Israel's history. It is situated in the northern part of the country, overlooking the Jezreel Valley. The mountain's mention here is not just a geographical marker but also a symbol of Israel's defeat and the death of King Saul, which follows in the subsequent verses. The events on Mount Gilboa serve as a turning point in Israel's history, leading to the rise of David as king. The mountain stands as a testament to the consequences of turning away from God and the hope of redemption through His chosen leaders.

1 Chronicles 10-29--The history of King David, who made Jerusalem the political and religious centre of Israel, organised the Levitical ministry in its permanent shape, and amassed great stores of wealth and material for the Temple, which his son and successor was to build.

X.

A BRIEF NARRATIVE OF THE OVERTHROW AND DEATH OF SAUL, BY WAY OF PRELUDE TO THE REIGN OF DAVID.

1Chronicles 10:1-12 are parallel to 1Samuel 31:1-13. The general coincidence of the two texts is so exact as to preclude the supposition of independence. We know that the chronicler has drawn much in his earlier chapters from the Pentateuch; and as he must have been acquainted with the Books of Samuel, it is a priori likely that he made a similar use of them. At the same time, a number of small variations--on an average, three at least in each verse--some of which can neither be referred to the freaks or mistakes of copyists nor to the supposed caprice of the compiler, may be taken to indicate the use of an additional source, or perhaps of a text of Samuel differing in some respects from that which we possess. (See Introduction.)

(1) Now the Philistines fought against Israel.--For a similarly abrupt beginning, comp. Isaiah 2:1. The battle was fought in the plain of Jezreel, or Esdraelon, the scene of so many of the struggles of ancient history. (Comp. Hosea 2:10 : "I will break the bow of Israel in the valley of Jezreel.") . . .

Verse 1. - No abruptness marks this narration in 1 Samuel 31. On the contrary, it is there the natural conclusion of the wars between the Philistines and Saul. This engagement took place (1 Samuel 28:4; 1 Samuel 29:1, 11) on the plains of Jezreel. The name Jezreel marks either the city (Joshua 19:18; 1 Kings 21:1, 11), or the celebrated valley or plain called in later times Esdraelon, the Greek form of the word. The plain in its largest proportions may be said to have been bounded by the Mediterranean (although it is called the plain of Accho, where it abuts on that sea) and the Jordan, and by the Samaria and Carmel ranges on the south and south-west, and those of Galilee on the north and northeast. While called a "plain" and "the great plain" in Judges 1:8, its name in the Old Testament is "valley." It lay like a scalene triangle, with its apex in the direction of the Mediterranean, opening into the above-mentioned plain of Accho, and its sides going from right to left, about fifteen, twelve, and eighteen miles long respectively. The allusions to it in Old Testament history are frequent. Its exceeding richness is now turned into desolation unexceeded. Megiddo (Joshua 12:21; Judges 1:27), the city, centre of a smaller valley called by the same name (1 Chronicles 7:29; Judges 5:19), was situated within it, in the direction of Carmel. (For very full and interesting account of the Jezreel with which we have here to do, and of Esdraelon, see Stanley's 'Sinai and Palestine,' pp. 336-356, edit. 1866.) Mount Gilboa identifies for us the exact battle-field of the text. It is the same with that on which Gideon triumphed (Judges 7:1, 8). It is in the lot of Issachar, flanked by the Little Hermon ridge on the north-east, and by Gilboa on the south-east, a mountain range of ten miles long, about six hundred feet high, and mentioned only in the melancholy connection of this history. The flight of the men of Israel and of Saul was from the plain back to their position on Mount Gilboa, where they were pursued, overtaken, and slain. The modern name of the town Jezreel is Zerin, the depraved aliases of which appear as Gerin and Zazzin (Robinson's 'Bibl. Res.,' 3:162-165, 3rd edit.), and Jezreel, Shunem, and Beth-shean are the three most conspicuous places in this part of the whole plain of Esdraelon.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Now the Philistines
וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים (ū·p̄ə·liš·tîm)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 6430: Philistines -- inhabitants of Philistia

fought
נִלְחֲמ֣וּ (nil·ḥă·mū)
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 3898: To feed on, to consume, to battle

against Israel,
בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (ḇə·yiś·rā·’êl)
Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478: Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc

and the Israelites
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ (yiś·rā·’êl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478: Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc

fled
וַיָּ֑נָס (way·yā·nās)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5127: To flit, vanish away

before
מִפְּנֵ֣י (mip·pə·nê)
Preposition-m | Noun - common plural construct
Strong's 6440: The face

them,
פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (p̄ə·liš·tîm)
Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 6430: Philistines -- inhabitants of Philistia

and [many] fell
וַיִּפְּל֥וּ (way·yip·pə·lū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 5307: To fall, lie

slain
חֲלָלִ֖ים (ḥă·lā·lîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 2491: Pierced, polluted

on Mount
בְּהַ֥ר (bə·har)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 2022: Mountain, hill, hill country

Gilboa.
גִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃ (gil·bō·a‘)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 1533: Gilboa -- a mountain in Northern Israel


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 10:1 Now the Philistines fought against Israel: (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
1 Chronicles 9:44
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