Genesis 43:31
New International Version
After he had washed his face, he came out and, controlling himself, said, “Serve the food.”

New Living Translation
After washing his face, he came back out, keeping himself under control. Then he ordered, “Bring out the food!”

English Standard Version
Then he washed his face and came out. And controlling himself he said, “Serve the food.”

Berean Standard Bible
Then he washed his face and came back out. Regaining his composure, he said, “Serve the meal.”

King James Bible
And he washed his face, and went out, and refrained himself, and said, Set on bread.

New King James Version
Then he washed his face and came out; and he restrained himself, and said, “Serve the bread.”

New American Standard Bible
Then he washed his face and came out; and he controlled himself and said, “Serve the meal.”

NASB 1995
Then he washed his face and came out; and he controlled himself and said, “Serve the meal.”

NASB 1977
Then he washed his face, and came out; and he controlled himself and said, “Serve the meal.”

Legacy Standard Bible
Then he washed his face and came out; and he restrained himself and said, “Set the meal.”

Amplified Bible
Then he washed his face and came out, and, restraining himself, said, “Let the meal be served.”

Christian Standard Bible
Then he washed his face and came out. Regaining his composure, he said, “Serve the meal.”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Then he washed his face and came out. Regaining his composure, he said, “Serve the meal.”

American Standard Version
And he washed his face, and came out; and he refrained himself, and said, Set on bread.

Contemporary English Version
After washing his face and returning, he was able to control himself and said, "Serve the meal!"

English Revised Version
And he washed his face, and came out; and he refrained himself, and said, Set on bread.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Then he washed his face and came out. He was in control of his emotions when he said, "Serve the food."

Good News Translation
After he had washed his face, he came out, and controlling himself, he ordered the meal to be served.

International Standard Version
then washed his face and came out. Barely controlling himself, he ordered his staff to serve the meal.

Majority Standard Bible
Then he washed his face and came back out. Regaining his composure, he said, “Serve the meal.”

NET Bible
Then he washed his face and came out. With composure he said, "Set out the food."

New Heart English Bible
Then he washed his face and came out. And he controlled himself and said, "Serve the food."

Webster's Bible Translation
And he washed his face, and went out, and refrained himself, and said, Set on bread.

World English Bible
He washed his face, and came out. He controlled himself, and said, “Serve the meal.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and he washes his face, and goes out, and refrains himself, and says, “Place bread.”

Young's Literal Translation
and he washeth his face, and goeth out, and refraineth himself, and saith, 'Place bread.'

Smith's Literal Translation
And he will wash his face and come forth, and will restrain himself, and will say, Place bread.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And when he had washed his face, coming out again, he refrained himself, and said: Set bread on the table.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And when he had washed his face, coming out again, he composed himself, and he said, “Set out bread.”

New American Bible
After washing his face, he reappeared and, now having collected himself, gave the order, “Serve the meal.”

New Revised Standard Version
Then he washed his face and came out; and controlling himself he said, “Serve the meal.”
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Then he washed his face and went out and controlled his emotions and said, Let us eat.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And he washed his face and went out, and he was restrained and said that bread would be set out for them.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And he washed his face, and came out; and he refrained himself, and said: 'Set on bread.'

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And he washed his face and came out, and refrained himself, and said, Set on bread.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Joseph's Hospitality to His Brothers
30Joseph hurried out because he was moved to tears for his brother, and he went to a private room to weep. 31Then he washed his face and came back out. Regaining his composure, he said, “Serve the meal.” 32They separately served Joseph, his brothers, and the Egyptians. They ate separately because the Egyptians would not eat with the Hebrews, since that was detestable to them.…

Cross References
Genesis 45:1-2
Then Joseph could no longer control himself before all his attendants, and he cried out, “Send everyone away from me!” So none of them were with Joseph when he made himself known to his brothers. / But he wept so loudly that the Egyptians heard him, and Pharaoh’s household soon heard of it.

Genesis 42:24
And he turned away from them and wept. When he turned back and spoke to them, he took Simeon from them and had him bound before their eyes.

Genesis 50:17
‘This is what you are to say to Joseph: I beg you, please forgive the transgression and sin of your brothers, for they did you wrong.’ So now, Joseph, please forgive the transgression of the servants of the God of your father.” When their message came to him, Joseph wept.

1 Kings 3:26
Then the woman whose son was alive spoke to the king because she yearned with compassion for her son. “Please, my lord,” she said, “give her the living baby. Do not kill him!” But the other woman said, “He will be neither mine nor yours. Cut him in two!”

Nehemiah 1:11
O Lord, may Your ear be attentive to my prayer and to the prayers of Your servants who delight to revere Your name. Give Your servant success this day, I pray, and grant him mercy in the sight of this man.” (At that time I was the cupbearer to the king.)

Esther 5:1-2
On the third day, Esther put on her royal robes and stood in the inner court of the palace across from the king’s quarters. The king was sitting on his royal throne in the royal courtroom, facing the entrance. / As soon as the king saw Queen Esther standing in the court, she found favor in his sight. The king extended the gold scepter in his hand toward Esther, and she approached and touched the tip of the scepter.

Esther 8:3-6
And once again, Esther addressed the king. She fell at his feet weeping and begged him to revoke the evil scheme of Haman the Agagite, which he had devised against the Jews. / The king extended the gold scepter toward Esther, and she arose and stood before the king. / “If it pleases the king,” she said, “and if I have found favor in his sight, and the matter seems proper to the king, and I am pleasing in his sight, may an order be written to revoke the letters that the scheming Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, wrote to destroy the Jews in all the king’s provinces. ...

Job 30:25
Have I not wept for those in trouble? Has my soul not grieved for the needy?

Psalm 126:5-6
Those who sow in tears will reap with shouts of joy. / He who goes out weeping, bearing a trail of seed, will surely return with shouts of joy, carrying sheaves of grain.

Ecclesiastes 3:4
a time to weep and a time to laugh, a time to mourn and a time to dance,

Isaiah 63:9
In all their distress, He too was afflicted, and the Angel of His Presence saved them. In His love and compassion He redeemed them; He lifted them up and carried them all the days of old.

Jeremiah 31:20
Is not Ephraim a precious son to Me, a delightful child? Though I often speak against him, I still remember him. Therefore My heart yearns for him; I have great compassion for him,” declares the LORD.

Lamentations 3:48-49
Streams of tears flow from my eyes over the destruction of the daughter of my people. / My eyes overflow unceasingly, without relief,

Matthew 5:4
Blessed are those who mourn, for they will be comforted.

Matthew 9:36
When He saw the crowds, He was moved with compassion for them, because they were harassed and helpless, like sheep without a shepherd.


Treasury of Scripture

And he washed his face, and went out, and refrained himself, and said, Set on bread.

refrained.

Genesis 45:1
Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by him; and he cried, Cause every man to go out from me. And there stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren.

Isaiah 42:14
I have long time holden my peace; I have been still, and refrained myself: now will I cry like a travailing woman; I will destroy and devour at once.

Jeremiah 31:16
Thus saith the LORD; Refrain thy voice from weeping, and thine eyes from tears: for thy work shall be rewarded, saith the LORD; and they shall come again from the land of the enemy.

bread.

Genesis 43:25
And they made ready the present against Joseph came at noon: for they heard that they should eat bread there.

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Bread Controlled Controlling Face Feelings Food Meal Refrained Refraineth Serve Served Washed Washeth Washing
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Bread Controlled Controlling Face Feelings Food Meal Refrained Refraineth Serve Served Washed Washeth Washing
Genesis 43
1. Jacob is persuaded to send Benjamin.
15. Joseph entertains his brothers.
19. They discover their fears to the steward.
26. Joseph makes them a feast.














After washing his face
This phrase indicates a moment of personal preparation and composure. In the Hebrew context, washing was often a symbolic act of purification and renewal. Joseph, having been moved to tears upon seeing his brothers, needed a moment to regain his composure. This act of washing signifies a transition from private emotion to public duty, reflecting the importance of self-control and readiness to fulfill one's responsibilities, even amidst personal turmoil.

he came out
Joseph's emergence from his private chamber into the public dining area symbolizes a return to his role as a leader and host. This movement from seclusion to engagement with others highlights the balance between personal reflection and public action. It serves as a reminder of the necessity for leaders to manage their emotions and present themselves with dignity and authority, even when faced with challenging personal circumstances.

and restraining himself
The Hebrew root for "restraining" conveys the idea of holding back or controlling one's emotions. Joseph's ability to restrain himself demonstrates his maturity and wisdom. Despite the emotional turmoil he experienced upon reuniting with his brothers, he exercises self-control, a fruit of the Spirit as noted in Galatians 5:22-23. This restraint is crucial for maintaining peace and order, especially in situations where emotions could easily lead to conflict or misunderstanding.

said, 'Serve the meal.'
This command signifies a return to normalcy and the continuation of hospitality. In the ancient Near Eastern culture, sharing a meal was a significant act of fellowship and reconciliation. By instructing his servants to serve the meal, Joseph is not only fulfilling his duty as a host but also setting the stage for further interaction with his brothers. This act of service underscores the importance of hospitality and the role it plays in building and restoring relationships. It reflects the biblical principle of loving one's neighbor and extending grace, even to those who have wronged us.

(31) He washed his face.--This was done to remove all traces of his tears.

Verse 31. - And he washed his face (an indication of the violence of his weeping), and went out (from his chamber), and refrained himself (keeping his tears in check), and said, Set on bread - an expression used at the present day in Egypt for bringing dinner (Wilkinson, 'Ancient Egyptians,' vol. 2. p. 41, ed. 1878).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Then he washed
וַיִּרְחַ֥ץ (way·yir·ḥaṣ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7364: To wash, wash off or away, bathe

his face
פָּנָ֖יו (pā·nāw)
Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 6440: The face

and came back out.
וַיֵּצֵ֑א (way·yê·ṣê)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3318: To go, bring, out, direct and proxim

Regaining his composure,
וַיִּ֨תְאַפַּ֔ק (way·yiṯ·’ap·paq)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 662: To contain, abstain

he said,
וַיֹּ֖אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“Serve
שִׂ֥ימוּ (śî·mū)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural
Strong's 7760: Put -- to put, place, set

the meal.”
לָֽחֶם׃ (lā·ḥem)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3899: Food, bread, grain


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OT Law: Genesis 43:31 He washed his face and came out (Gen. Ge Gn)
Genesis 43:30
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