Proverbs 30:16
New International Version
the grave, the barren womb, land, which is never satisfied with water, and fire, which never says, ‘Enough!’

New Living Translation
the grave, the barren womb, the thirsty desert, the blazing fire.

English Standard Version
Sheol, the barren womb, the land never satisfied with water, and the fire that never says, “Enough.”

Berean Standard Bible
Sheol, the barren womb, land never satisfied with water, and fire that never says, ‘Enough!’

Berean Literal Bible
Sheol, and the barren womb, earth not satisfied with water, and the fire never having said, ‘Enough!’

King James Bible
The grave; and the barren womb; the earth that is not filled with water; and the fire that saith not, It is enough.

New King James Version
The grave, The barren womb, The earth that is not satisfied with water— And the fire never says, “Enough!”

New American Standard Bible
Sheol, the infertile womb, Earth that is never satisfied with water, And fire that never says, “Enough.”

NASB 1995
Sheol, and the barren womb, Earth that is never satisfied with water, And fire that never says, “Enough.”

NASB 1977
Sheol, and the barren womb, Earth that is never satisfied with water, And fire that never says, “Enough.”

Legacy Standard Bible
Sheol, and the barren womb, Earth that is never satisfied with water, And fire that never says, “Enough.”

Amplified Bible
Sheol, and the barren womb, Earth that is never satisfied with water, And fire that never says, “It is enough.”

Berean Annotated Bible
Sheol, the barren womb, land never satisfied with water, and fire that never says, ‘Enough!

Christian Standard Bible
Sheol; a childless womb; earth, which is never satisfied with water; and fire, which never says, “Enough! ”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Sheol; a childless womb; earth, which is never satisfied with water; and fire, which never says, “Enough!”

American Standard Version
Sheol; and the barren womb; The earth that is not satisfied with water; And the fire that saith not, Enough.

Contemporary English Version
The world of the dead and a childless wife, the thirsty earth and a flaming fire.

English Revised Version
The grave; and the barren womb; the earth that is not satisfied with water; and the fire that saith not, Enough.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
the grave, a barren womb, a land that never gets enough water, a fire that does not say, "Enough!"

Good News Translation
the world of the dead, a woman without children, dry ground that needs rain, and a fire burning out of control.

International Standard Version
The afterlife, the barren womb, earth that still demands water, and fire—they never say, "Enough".

NET Bible
the grave, the barren womb, land that is not satisfied with water, and fire that never says, "Enough!"

New Heart English Bible
Sheol, the barren womb; the earth that is not satisfied with water; and the fire that doesn't say, 'Enough.'

Webster's Bible Translation
The grave; and the barren womb; the earth that is not filled with water; and the fire that saith not, It is enough.
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
Sheol, the barren womb, land never satisfied with water, and fire that never says, ‘Enough!’

World English Bible
Sheol, the barren womb, the earth that is not satisfied with water, and the fire that doesn’t say, ‘Enough!’
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Sheol, and a restrained womb, "" Earth—it [is] not satisfied [with] water, "" And fire—it has not said, “Sufficiency,”

Berean Literal Bible
Sheol, and the barren womb, earth not satisfied with water, and the fire never having said, ‘Enough!’

Young's Literal Translation
Sheol, and a restrained womb, Earth -- it is not satisfied with water, And fire -- it hath not said, 'Sufficiency,'

Smith's Literal Translation
Hades; and the closed womb; the earth not filled with water; and fire said not, Wealth.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Hell, and the mouth of the womb, and the earth which is not satisfied with water: and the fire never saith: It is enough.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Hell, and the mouth of the womb, and a land that is not filled with water. And truly, fire never says, ‘Enough.’

New American Bible
Sheol, a barren womb, land that never gets its fill of water, and fire, which never says, “Enough!”

New Revised Standard Version
Sheol, the barren womb, the earth ever thirsty for water, and the fire that never says, “Enough.”
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Sheol; and the barren womb; the earth that is not filled with water; and the fire that never says, It is enough.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Sheol and her barren womb, the ground that is not filled with water, and fire does not say, "It is enough.”
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
The grave; and the barren womb; The earth that is not satisfied with water; And the fire that saith not: 'Enough.'

Brenton Septuagint Translation
The grave, and the love of a woman, and the earth not filled with water; water also and fire will not say, It is enough.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Words of Agur
15The leech has two daughters: Give and Give. There are three things that are never satisfied, four that never say, ‘Enough!’: 16Sheol, the barren womb, land never satisfied with water, and fire that never says, ‘Enough!’ 17As for the eye that mocks a father and scorns obedience to a mother, may the ravens of the valley pluck it out and young vultures devour it.…

Cross References
Sheol,

Proverbs 27:20
Sheol and Abaddon are never satisfied; so the eyes of man are never satisfied.

Isaiah 5:14
Therefore Sheol enlarges its throat and opens wide its enormous jaws, and down go Zion’s nobles and masses, her revelers and carousers!

Habakkuk 2:5
and wealth indeed betrays him. He is an arrogant man never at rest. He enlarges his appetite like Sheol, and like Death, he is never satisfied. He gathers all the nations to himself and collects all the peoples as his own.
the barren womb,

1 Samuel 1:5-6
But to Hannah he would give a double portion, for he loved her even though the LORD had closed her womb. / Because the LORD had closed Hannah’s womb, her rival would provoke her viciously to taunt her.

Genesis 25:21
Later, Isaac prayed to the LORD on behalf of his wife, because she was barren. And the LORD heard his prayer, and his wife Rebekah conceived.

Judges 13:2-3
Now there was a man from Zorah named Manoah, from the clan of the Danites, whose wife was barren and had no children. / The angel of the LORD appeared to the woman and said to her, “It is true that you are barren and have no children; but you will conceive and give birth to a son.
land never satisfied with water,

Psalm 65:9-10
You attend to the earth and water it; with abundance You enrich it. The streams of God are full of water, for You prepare our grain by providing for the earth. / You soak its furrows and level its ridges; You soften it with showers and bless its growth.

Isaiah 55:10-11
For just as rain and snow fall from heaven and do not return without watering the earth, making it bud and sprout, and providing seed to sow and food to eat, / so My word that proceeds from My mouth will not return to Me empty, but it will accomplish what I please, and it will prosper where I send it.

Job 38:26-27
to bring rain on a barren land, on a desert where no man lives, / to satisfy the parched wasteland and make it sprout with tender grass?
and fire that never says, ‘Enough!’

Matthew 3:12
His winnowing fork is in His hand to clear His threshing floor and to gather His wheat into the barn; but He will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.”

Mark 9:43-48
If your hand causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life crippled than to have two hands and go into hell, into the unquenchable fire. / where ‘their worm never dies, and the fire is never quenched.’ / If your foot causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life lame than to have two feet and be thrown into hell. …

Isaiah 66:24
“As they go forth, they will see the corpses of the men who have rebelled against Me; for their worm will never die, their fire will never be quenched, and they will be a horror to all mankind.”
Ecclesiastes 1:8
All things are wearisome, more than one can describe; the eye is not satisfied with seeing, nor the ear content with hearing.

Job 18:13
It devours patches of his skin; the firstborn of death devours his limbs.

Job 20:15
He swallows wealth but vomits it out; God will force it from his stomach.

Isaiah 57:20
But the wicked are like the storm-tossed sea, for it cannot be still, and its waves churn up mire and muck.


Treasury of Scripture

The grave; and the barren womb; the earth that is not filled with water; and the fire that said not, It is enough.

Proverbs 27:20
Hell and destruction are never full; so the eyes of man are never satisfied.

Habakkuk 2:5
Yea also, because he transgresseth by wine, he is a proud man, neither keepeth at home, who enlargeth his desire as hell, and is as death, and cannot be satisfied, but gathereth unto him all nations, and heapeth unto him all people:

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Proverbs 30
1. Agur's confession of his faith
7. The two points of his prayer
10. The meanest are not to be wronged
11. Four wicked generations
15. Four things insatiable
24. four things exceeding wise
29. Four things stately
32. Wrath is to be prevented












Sheol
Sheol is often understood as the realm of the dead in Hebrew thought, a place of darkness and silence. It is depicted as insatiable, always consuming but never full. This concept is echoed in other scriptures such as Isaiah 5:14 and Habakkuk 2:5, where Sheol is portrayed as having an unending appetite. Theologically, it represents the inevitability of death and the grave, a reminder of human mortality and the need for redemption.

the barren womb
In ancient cultures, including Israel, barrenness was often seen as a source of shame and distress for women, as children were considered a blessing from God (Psalm 127:3). The barren womb symbolizes unfulfilled desire and longing. This theme is seen in the stories of Sarah, Rachel, and Hannah, who experienced barrenness before God intervened. It highlights the deep yearning for life and continuation, reflecting humanity's desire for legacy and purpose.

land never satisfied with water
This phrase refers to the arid and dry regions common in the Near East, where water is a precious and often scarce resource. The land's thirst for water symbolizes the constant need for sustenance and the unending cycle of nature. Biblically, water is also a symbol of life and spiritual renewal, as seen in passages like John 4:14, where Jesus speaks of living water. The insatiable land parallels the human soul's need for spiritual nourishment.

and fire that never says, ‘Enough!’
Fire is a powerful biblical symbol of both destruction and purification. It consumes everything in its path, representing judgment and the refining process. In the context of Proverbs, fire's insatiability underscores the destructive nature of unchecked desires and passions. This imagery is consistent with other biblical references, such as James 3:6, where the tongue is likened to a fire, capable of great harm. Fire's unending appetite serves as a warning against the dangers of greed and lust.

Persons / Places / Events
1. The Grave (Sheol)
In Hebrew, "Sheol" refers to the realm of the dead. It is often depicted as insatiable, always seeking more souls.

2. The Barren Womb
Represents unfulfilled longing and desire, a deeply personal and often painful experience for women in biblical times.

3. Land Never Satisfied with Water
Symbolizes the earth's constant need for nourishment and the cycle of life that depends on water.

4. Fire
Represents destruction and consumption, an element that continually seeks fuel to sustain itself.
Teaching Points
Understanding Insatiable Desires
Recognize that certain desires and aspects of life are inherently insatiable, reflecting the fallen nature of the world.

Spiritual Contentment
Seek contentment in Christ, who satisfies our deepest needs and desires, unlike the insatiable elements described in Proverbs 30:16.

The Danger of Unchecked Desires
Be aware of the dangers of unchecked desires, whether material, emotional, or spiritual, and strive to align them with God's will.

The Role of Prayer and Faith
Use prayer and faith as tools to address unfulfilled desires, trusting in God's timing and provision.

Reflecting on God's Sufficiency
Meditate on God's sufficiency and how He meets our needs, contrasting with the world's insatiable nature.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1. What is the meaning of Proverbs 30:16?

2. How can we recognize and avoid the "never satisfied" desires in Proverbs 30:16?

3. What does Proverbs 30:16 teach about contentment in our daily lives?

4. How does Proverbs 30:16 connect with Paul's teachings on contentment in Philippians 4:11-12?

5. In what ways can we apply Proverbs 30:16 to our financial decisions?

6. How can Proverbs 30:16 guide us in cultivating gratitude and satisfaction?

7. What does Proverbs 30:16 reveal about human desires and their insatiable nature?

8. How does Proverbs 30:16 challenge our understanding of contentment and satisfaction?

9. Why are the four things in Proverbs 30:16 never satisfied, according to biblical teachings?

10. What are the top 10 Lessons from Proverbs 30?

11. What insatiable desires are never satisfied?

12. Did God create the realm known as hell?

13. Proverbs 30:15-16 personifies a leech and lists things never satisfied; what evidence supports or refutes these claims scientifically?

14. Proverbs 15:11: How do ancient concepts of Sheol and Abaddon align with modern historical or archaeological findings on the afterlife?
What Does Proverbs 30:16 Mean
Sheol

“Sheol and Abaddon are never satisfied” (Proverbs 27:20), and Isaiah 5:14 pictures Sheol opening its mouth wide to receive more. Death’s realm is a bottomless maw; every generation enters, yet it still hungers. Habakkuk 2:5 likens relentless greed to Sheol, underscoring the proverb’s first image: an appetite that will never be appeased.


the barren womb

Rachel cried, “Give me children, or I will die!” (Genesis 30:1). Hannah wept “in bitterness of soul” (1 Samuel 1:10). Elizabeth “had no children” and felt the reproach (Luke 1:7, 25). The unfulfilled longing for a child can ache for years, illustrating another hunger only God can satisfy (Psalm 113:9). Until He opens the womb, the yearning remains insistent.


land never satisfied with water

Parched ground soaks up rain yet soon thirsts again. Isaiah 55:10 describes water falling to make the earth “bud and sprout,” but the process must repeat. Jeremiah 14:4 shows cracked soil because rain stopped. The earth’s continual need for moisture mirrors our daily dependence on God’s provision (Matthew 6:11).


fire that never says, ‘Enough!’

Flames consume wood and instantly reach for more. “As charcoal for embers and wood for fire” (Proverbs 26:21), so unchecked desire keeps feeding itself. Isaiah 9:18 portrays wickedness burning like fire; Nahum 1:6 warns of divine wrath poured out like fire. Left to itself, fire devours everything in its path, a vivid warning against unrestrained passion.


summary

Four literal realities—Sheol, barrenness, drought-stricken land, and fire—share one trait: they never declare themselves full. Proverbs 30:16 uses them to caution us against desires that echo that same cry for “more.” Only the Lord can sate the deepest hunger; contentment comes by resting in Him (Psalm 107:9; John 4:14; Philippians 4:11-13).

(16) The grave.--See above, on Proverbs 15:11, where it is translated "hell."

Verse 16. - The four insatiable things are now named: first, the grave, sheol (Proverbs 27:20), which can never be filled with its victims. Horace talks of a man as -

"Victima nil miserantis Orci."
(Carm.,' 2:3, 24.) And Hesiod ('Theog.,' 456) of Hades as -

Νηλεὲς ῆτορ ἔχων
"A heart possessing that no pity knows." The second thing is the barren womb; "the closing of the womb," as Genesis 20:18; Isaiah 66:9. The burning desire for children, characteristic of an Israelitish wife, is here denoted, like the passionate cry of Rachel to Jacob, "Give me children, or else I die" (Genesis 30:1). The barren woman, says Corn. a Lapide, " concubitus magis est avida quam ceterae tum propter desiderium habendae prolis, tum quod foecundae et gravidae naturaliter non appetant concubitum." The third insatiable thing is the earth that is not filled (satisfied) with water; the parched and thirsty soil which no amount of water can satisfy, which drinks in all that is poured upon it and is not benefited, what Virgil ('Georg.,' 1:114) calls "bibula arena." The fourth is the fire that saith not, It is enough; the "devouring element," as the newspapers term it. The more you heap on fire, the more material you supply, the fiercer it rages. Septuagint, "Hades, and the love of woman, and earth not satisfied with water, and water, and fire, will not say, It sufficeth." Cheyne and others quote from the Sanscrit 'Hitopadesa,' "Fire is never satisfied with fuel; nor the ocean with rivers; nor death with all creatures; nor bright-eyed women with men."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Sheol,
שְׁאוֹל֮ (šə·’ō·wl)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 7585: Underworld (place to which people descend at death)

the barren
וְעֹ֪צֶ֫ר (wə·‘ō·ṣer)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 6115: Closure, constraint

womb,
רָ֥חַם (rā·ḥam)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7356: Compassion, the womb, a maiden

land
אֶ֭רֶץ (’e·reṣ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 776: Earth, land

that is never
לֹא־ (lō-)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

satisfied
שָׂ֣בְעָה (śā·ḇə·‘āh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 7646: To be sated, satisfied or surfeited

with water,
מַּ֑יִם (ma·yim)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 4325: Water, juice, urine, semen

and fire
וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ (wə·’êš)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - common singular
Strong's 784: A fire

that never
לֹא־ (lō-)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

says,
אָ֥מְרָה (’ā·mə·rāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“Enough!”
הֽוֹן׃ (hō·wn)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1952: Wealth, sufficiency


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OT Poetry: Proverbs 30:16 Sheol the barren womb (Prov. Pro Pr)
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