Jeremiah 50:21
New International Version
“Attack the land of Merathaim and those who live in Pekod. Pursue, kill and completely destroy them,” declares the LORD. “Do everything I have commanded you.

New Living Translation
“Go up, my warriors, against the land of Merathaim and against the people of Pekod. Pursue, kill, and completely destroy them, as I have commanded you,” says the LORD.

English Standard Version
“Go up against the land of Merathaim, and against the inhabitants of Pekod. Kill, and devote them to destruction, declares the LORD, and do all that I have commanded you.

Berean Standard Bible
Go up against the land of Merathaim, and against the residents of Pekod. Kill them and devote them to destruction. Do all that I have commanded you,” declares the LORD.

King James Bible
Go up against the land of Merathaim, even against it, and against the inhabitants of Pekod: waste and utterly destroy after them, saith the LORD, and do according to all that I have commanded thee.

New King James Version
“Go up against the land of Merathaim, against it, And against the inhabitants of Pekod. Waste and utterly destroy them,” says the LORD, “And do according to all that I have commanded you.

New American Standard Bible
“Against the land of Merathaim, go up against it, And against the inhabitants of Pekod. Kill and completely destroy them,” declares the LORD, “And do according to everything that I have commanded you.

NASB 1995
“Against the land of Merathaim, go up against it, And against the inhabitants of Pekod. Slay and utterly destroy them,” declares the LORD, “And do according to all that I have commanded you.

NASB 1977
“Against the land of Merathaim, go up against it, And against the inhabitants of Pekod. Slay and utterly destroy them,” declares the LORD, “And do according to all that I have commanded you.

Legacy Standard Bible
“Against the land of Merathaim, go up against it, And against the inhabitants of Pekod. Put them to the sword and devote them to destruction,” declares Yahweh, “And do according to all that I have commanded you.

Amplified Bible
“Go against [Babylon] the land of Merathaim (Double Rebellion), Go up against it and against the people of Pekod (Punishment). Kill and utterly destroy them,” says the LORD, “And do everything that I have commanded you.”

Christian Standard Bible
Attack the land of Merathaim, and those living in Pekod. Put them to the sword; completely destroy them — this is the LORD’s declaration — do everything I have commanded you.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
“Go against the land of Merathaim, and against those living in Pekod. Put them to the sword; completely destroy them— this is the LORD’s declaration— do everything I have commanded you.

American Standard Version
Go up against the land of Merathaim, even against it, and against the inhabitants of Pekod: slay and utterly destroy after them, saith Jehovah, and do according to all that I have commanded thee.

Contemporary English Version
The LORD said: I have told the enemies of Babylonia, "Attack the people of Merathaim and Pekod. Kill them all! Destroy their possessions!"

English Revised Version
Go up against the land of Merathaim, even against it, and against the inhabitants of Pekod: slay and utterly destroy after them, saith the LORD, and do according to all that I have commanded thee.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
"Attack the land of Merathaim and the people who live in Pekod. Claim them for me by killing them with a sword," declares the LORD. "Do everything I commanded you.

Good News Translation
The LORD says, "Attack the people of Merathaim and of Pekod. Kill and destroy them. Do everything I command you. I, the LORD, have spoken.

International Standard Version
"Go up against the land of Merathaim and the inhabitants of Pekod. Kill them with swords, and completely destroy them," declares the LORD, "and do everything that I've commanded you.

Majority Standard Bible
Go up against the land of Merathaim, and against the residents of Pekod. Kill them and devote them to destruction. Do all that I have commanded you,” declares the LORD.

NET Bible
The LORD says, "Attack the land of Merathaim and the people who live in Pekod! Pursue, kill, and completely destroy them! Do just as I have commanded you!

New Heart English Bible
"Go up against the land of Merathaim, even against it, and against the inhabitants of Pekod: kill and utterly destroy after them," says the LORD, "and do according to all that I have commanded you.

Webster's Bible Translation
Go up against the land of Merathaim, even against it, and against the inhabitants of Pekod: waste and utterly destroy after them, saith the LORD, and do according to all that I have commanded thee.

World English Bible
“Go up against the land of Merathaim, even against it, and against the inhabitants of Pekod. Kill and utterly destroy after them,” says Yahweh, “and do according to all that I have commanded you.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Against the land of Merathaim, go up against it, "" And to the inhabitants of Pekod, "" Dry up and devote their posterity,” "" A declaration of YHWH, "" “And do according to all that I have commanded you.

Young's Literal Translation
Against the land of Merathaim: Go up against it, and unto the inhabitants of Pekod, Waste and devote their posterity, An affirmation of Jehovah, And do according to all that I have commanded thee.

Smith's Literal Translation
Go up against the land of double rebellion, against her, and against the inhabitants of Pekod, laying waste and destroying after them, says Jehovah; and do according to all which I commanded thee.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Go up against the land of the rulers, and punish the inhabitants thereof, waste, and destroy all behind them, saith the Lord: and do according to all that I have commanded thee.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Ascend against the land of the rulers, and visit against its inhabitants! Scatter and destroy whatever has been left behind them, says the Lord, and act according to all that I have instructed you.

New American Bible
Attack the land of Merathaim, and those who live in Pekod; Slaughter and put them under the ban—oracle of the LORD— do all I have commanded you.

New Revised Standard Version
Go up to the land of Merathaim; go up against her, and attack the inhabitants of Pekod and utterly destroy the last of them, says the LORD; do all that I have commanded you.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Go up against the rebellious land, go up against it, and against its inhabitants; unsheath the sword and destroy them, says the LORD, and do according to all that I have commanded you.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Come up against the rebellious land! Come up upon it and upon its inhabitants! Wake up, oh sword, and put them to the sword, says LORD JEHOVAH, and do as I have commanded you!
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Go up against the land of Merathaim, even against it, And against the inhabitants of Pekod; Waste and utterly destroy after them, saith the LORD, And do according to all that I have commanded thee.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
on the land, saith the Lord. Go up against it roughly, and against them that dwell on it: avenge, O sword, and destroy utterly, saith the Lord, and do according to all that I command thee.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Destruction of Babylon
21Go up against the land of Merathaim, and against the residents of Pekod. Kill them and devote them to destruction. Do all that I have commanded you,” declares the LORD. 22“The noise of battle is in the land—the noise of great destruction.…

Cross References
Isaiah 13:1-22
This is the burden against Babylon that Isaiah son of Amoz received: / Raise a banner on a barren hilltop; call aloud to them. Wave your hand, that they may enter the gates of the nobles. / I have commanded My sanctified ones; I have even summoned My warriors to execute My wrath and exult in My triumph. ...

Revelation 18:1-24
After this I saw another angel descending from heaven with great authority, and the earth was illuminated by his glory. / And he cried out in a mighty voice: “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great! She has become a lair for demons and a haunt for every unclean spirit, every unclean bird, and every detestable beast. / All the nations have drunk the wine of the passion of her immorality. The kings of the earth were immoral with her, and the merchants of the earth have grown wealthy from the extravagance of her luxury.” ...

Isaiah 47:1-15
“Go down and sit in the dust, O Virgin Daughter of Babylon. Sit on the ground without a throne, O Daughter of the Chaldeans! For you will no longer be called tender or delicate. / Take millstones and grind flour; remove your veil; strip off your skirt, bare your thigh, and wade through the streams. / Your nakedness will be uncovered and your shame will be exposed. I will take vengeance; I will spare no one.” ...

Jeremiah 51:1-64
This is what the LORD says: “Behold, I will stir up against Babylon and against the people of Leb-kamai the spirit of a destroyer. / I will send strangers to Babylon to winnow her and empty her land; for they will come against her from every side in her day of disaster. / Do not let the archer bend his bow or put on his armor. Do not spare her young men; devote all her army to destruction! ...

Revelation 17:1-18
Then one of the seven angels with the seven bowls came and said to me, “Come, I will show you the punishment of the great prostitute, who sits on many waters. / The kings of the earth were immoral with her, and those who dwell on the earth were intoxicated with the wine of her immorality.” / And the angel carried me away in the Spirit into a wilderness, where I saw a woman sitting on a scarlet beast that was covered with blasphemous names and had seven heads and ten horns. ...

Isaiah 14:1-23
For the LORD will have compassion on Jacob; once again He will choose Israel and settle them in their own land. The foreigner will join them and unite with the house of Jacob. / The nations will escort Israel and bring it to its homeland. Then the house of Israel will possess the nations as menservants and maidservants in the LORD’s land. They will make captives of their captors and rule over their oppressors. / On the day that the LORD gives you rest from your pain and torment, and from the hard labor into which you were forced, ...

Habakkuk 2:6-8
Will not all of these take up a taunt against him, speaking with mockery and derision: ‘Woe to him who amasses what is not his and makes himself rich with many loans! How long will this go on?’ / Will not your creditors suddenly arise and those who disturb you awaken? Then you will become their prey. / Because you have plundered many nations, the remnant of the people will plunder you—because of your bloodshed against man and your violence against the land, the city, and all their dwellers.

Isaiah 21:1-10
This is the burden against the Desert by the Sea: Like whirlwinds sweeping through the Negev, an invader comes from the desert, from a land of terror. / A dire vision is declared to me: “The traitor still betrays, and the destroyer still destroys. Go up, O Elam! Lay siege, O Media! I will put an end to all her groaning.” / Therefore my body is filled with anguish. Pain grips me, like the pains of a woman in labor. I am bewildered to hear, I am dismayed to see. ...

Revelation 14:8
Then a second angel followed, saying, “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, who has made all the nations drink the wine of the passion of her immorality.”

Isaiah 48:14
Come together, all of you, and listen: Which of the idols has foretold these things? The LORD’s chosen ally will carry out His desire against Babylon, and His arm will be against the Chaldeans.

Jeremiah 25:12-14
But when seventy years are complete, I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation, the land of the Chaldeans, for their guilt, declares the LORD, and I will make it an everlasting desolation. / I will bring upon that land all the words I have pronounced against it, all that is written in this book, which Jeremiah has prophesied against all the nations. / For many nations and great kings will enslave them, and I will repay them according to their deeds and according to the work of their hands.’”

Revelation 16:19
The great city was split into three parts, and the cities of the nations collapsed. And God remembered Babylon the great and gave her the cup of the wine of the fury of His wrath.

Isaiah 46:1-2
Bel crouches; Nebo cowers. Their idols weigh down beasts and cattle. The images you carry are burdensome, a load to the weary animal. / The gods cower; they crouch together, unable to relieve the burden; but they themselves go into captivity.

Jeremiah 49:14-22
I have heard a message from the LORD; an envoy has been sent to the nations: “Assemble yourselves to march against her! Rise up for battle!” / “For behold, I will make you small among nations, despised among men. / The terror you cause and the pride of your heart have deceived you, O dwellers in the clefts of the rocks, O occupiers of the mountain summit. Though you elevate your nest like the eagle, even from there I will bring you down,” declares the LORD. ...

Revelation 19:1-3
After this I heard a sound like the roar of a great multitude in heaven, shouting: “Hallelujah! Salvation and glory and power belong to our God! / For His judgments are true and just. He has judged the great prostitute who corrupted the earth with her immorality. He has avenged the blood of His servants that was poured out by her hand.” / And a second time they called out: “Hallelujah! Her smoke rises forever and ever.”


Treasury of Scripture

Go up against the land of Merathaim, even against it, and against the inhabitants of Pekod: waste and utterly destroy after them, said the LORD, and do according to all that I have commanded you.

up

Jeremiah 50:3,9,15
For out of the north there cometh up a nation against her, which shall make her land desolate, and none shall dwell therein: they shall remove, they shall depart, both man and beast…

Merathaim.

Ezekiel 23:23
The Babylonians, and all the Chaldeans, Pekod, and Shoa, and Koa, and all the Assyrians with them: all of them desirable young men, captains and rulers, great lords and renowned, all of them riding upon horses.

and do

Jeremiah 34:22
Behold, I will command, saith the LORD, and cause them to return to this city; and they shall fight against it, and take it, and burn it with fire: and I will make the cities of Judah a desolation without an inhabitant.

Jeremiah 48:10
Cursed be he that doeth the work of the LORD deceitfully, and cursed be he that keepeth back his sword from blood.

Numbers 31:14-18
And Moses was wroth with the officers of the host, with the captains over thousands, and captains over hundreds, which came from the battle…

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Attack Commanded Completely Death Declares Destroy Destruction Double Inhabitants Kill Live Orders Pekod Pursue Rebellion Slay Utterly Visitation Waste
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Jeremiah 50
1. The judgment of Babylon and the redemption of Israel














Go up against the land of Merathaim
The phrase "Go up" is a call to action, often used in the context of military campaigns in the Old Testament. The Hebrew root for "go up" is "עָלָה" (alah), which conveys the idea of ascending or advancing. This is a divine command for judgment against Babylon, represented here by "the land of Merathaim." "Merathaim" is a term that means "double rebellion" or "double bitterness," possibly symbolizing the extreme sinfulness and rebellion of Babylon against God. Historically, Babylon was known for its idolatry and oppression, and this phrase indicates God's intention to bring justice.

and against the residents of Pekod
"Pekod" is another symbolic name for a region or people associated with Babylon. The name "Pekod" can mean "visitation" or "punishment," derived from the Hebrew root "פָּקַד" (paqad), which involves the idea of overseeing or appointing. This suggests that the residents of Pekod are marked for divine visitation and judgment. In the broader biblical narrative, Babylon represents the epitome of human pride and opposition to God, and this judgment is a fulfillment of God's promise to hold nations accountable for their actions.

Put them to the sword
This phrase is a common biblical expression for executing judgment or warfare. The "sword" is often a symbol of divine justice and authority. In the Hebrew context, the sword represents the means by which God enacts His righteous judgment. This is not merely a call for physical destruction but a representation of God's sovereign power to judge nations according to their deeds.

and completely destroy them
The command to "completely destroy" is from the Hebrew word "חָרַם" (charam), which means to devote to destruction or to utterly annihilate. This term is often used in the context of holy war, where certain things are set apart for destruction as an offering to God. The complete destruction signifies the totality of God's judgment against sin and rebellion, emphasizing that nothing opposed to God's holiness will remain.

declares the LORD
The phrase "declares the LORD" is a prophetic formula that underscores the authority and certainty of the message. The Hebrew word for "declares" is "נְאֻם" (ne'um), which is used to convey a solemn and authoritative pronouncement. This is not merely a human prediction but a divine decree from Yahweh, the covenant-keeping God of Israel. It assures the reader that the judgment against Babylon is not only inevitable but also part of God's sovereign plan to uphold justice and righteousness in the world.

(21) Go up against the land of Merathaim.--No such name is found in Babylonian inscriptions or is mentioned by historians. The most probable explanation of its use is that the prophet coined it as a descriptive word (= land of two rebellions), and then substituted it, after his manner (as with Sheshach, Jeremiah 25:6; Magor-missabib, Jeremiah 20:3), for the name Aram-Naharaim (= land of the two rivers = Mesopotamia), which was, as in Genesis 24:10; Deuteronomy 23:4; Judges 3:8; Judges 3:10, the recognised name of the country between the Tigris and Euphrates. It was, he seems to say, the country, not of rivers, but of rebellions, choosing the dual form, partly for the sake of assonance, partly to express the fact that Babylon having rebelled against Assyria, as, e.g., Merodach-baladan (Isaiah 39:1) and Nabopolassar had done, had also rebelled against Jehovah. Possibly, however, the dual may simply express intensity. Such changes of names were quite after the manner of Old Testament usage. So Beth-aven was substituted for Bethel (Hosea 10:5), Mephibosheth for Meribbaal (2Samuel 4:4; 1Chronicles 8:34). Micah 1 is full of such paronomasiae. . . . Verses 21-28. - The punishment of Babylon, corresponding to her crimes. Verse 21. - The land of Merathaim; i.e. of double rebellion. Probably enough an actual geographical name may lie at the root of this singular expression; but we are not able at present to say what it was. The prophet has, at any rate, modified it in such a way as to convey a definite meaning, symbolic of the character of Babylon (comp. on ver. 31). What was this meaning? According to Gesenius, there is an allusion to the two great blows inflicted on Israel and Judah by Assyria and Babylon respectively; but as these two powers were but the instruments of a higher Hand, this explanation would seem to be inconsistent with the prophetic teaching. Dahler, De Wette, and Keil take the two rebellions to be the spiritual ones of idolatry and pride; and there is no obvious objection to this. But the dual may be simply intended to express intensity; comp. ch. 17:18, "Destroy them with double destruction" (see note). The inhabitants of Pekod; i.e. of punishment. But here too a geographical name very probably lies underneath. The Taylor cylinder inscription of Sennacherib mentions a Pukudu ( = Pekod), together with Havrann (Hauran) and Nabatu (Nabathaeans); but this was the name of a tribe. In Ezekiel 23:23 we read, "The Babylonians, and all the Chaldeans, Pekod, and Shoa, and Koa," etc.; and in 'Records of the Past,' 11:92, we find a town Pikudu mentioned, lying to the south of Babylon, which may, perhaps, have given its name to a district, and to this district the prophet not improbably alludes. M. Halevy conjectures that the event which corresponds to the prophecy is the decisive battle which virtually terminated the Babylonian empire. According to the newly discovered Cyrus inscription, this battle was fought near a place called Rutu, which appears to have been situated in the neighbourhood of Pukudu ('Records,' l.c.). About the symbolic meaning there can be no doubt: Pekod is a worthy pendant to Merathaim. Sin and punishment are so closely connected in the prophetic mind that one word sometimes covers both notions. It is doubtful, for instance, whether the better rendering of Isaiah 5:18 is "draw sin as with a cart rope" or "draw punishment."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
“Go up
עֲלֵ֣ה (‘ă·lêh)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular
Strong's 5927: To ascend, in, actively

against
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

the land
הָאָ֤רֶץ (hā·’ā·reṣ)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 776: Earth, land

of Merathaim,
מְרָתַ֙יִם֙ (mə·rā·ṯa·yim)
Noun - fd
Strong's 4850: Merathaim -- perhaps 'double rebellion', another name for Babylon

and against
וְאֶל־ (wə·’el-)
Conjunctive waw | Preposition
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

the residents
יוֹשְׁבֵ֖י (yō·wō·šə·ḇê)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

of Pekod.
פְּק֑וֹד (pə·qō·wḏ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6489: Pekod -- a people in southeastern Babylon

Put them to the sword
חֲרֹ֨ב (ḥă·rōḇ)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular
Strong's 2717: To parch, to desolate, destroy, kill

and completely destroy
וְהַחֲרֵ֤ם (wə·ha·ḥă·rêm)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular
Strong's 2763: To seclude, to devote to religious uses, to be blunt as to the nose

them,”
אַֽחֲרֵיהֶם֙ (’a·ḥă·rê·hem)
Preposition | third person masculine plural
Strong's 310: The hind or following part

declares
נְאֻם־ (nə·’um-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 5002: An oracle

the LORD.
יְהוָ֔ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

“Do
וַעֲשֵׂ֕ה (wa·‘ă·śêh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular
Strong's 6213: To do, make

everything
כְּכֹ֖ל (kə·ḵōl)
Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

I have commanded you.
צִוִּיתִֽיךָ׃ (ṣiw·wî·ṯî·ḵā)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common singular | second person masculine singular
Strong's 6680: To lay charge (upon), give charge (to), command, order


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OT Prophets: Jeremiah 50:21 Go up against the land of Merathaim (Jer.)
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