Joshua 16
Berean Study Bible

Ephraim’s Inheritance

The allotment for the descendants of Joseph

Joseph’s inheritance was divided between Ephraim and Manasseh, giving his family two tribal portions in Israel. Jacob had granted Joseph’s sons full standing among the tribes, preserving Joseph’s honored place within the covenant family.

Jos 17:14 Then the sons of Joseph said to Joshua,…
Gen 48:5-6 And now your two sons born to you in Egypt…
1Ch 5:1-2 These were the sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel.…

extended from the Jordan at Jericho

The boundary began near the Jordan opposite Jericho, where Israel first entered Canaan under Joshua. This area marked the transition from the eastern wilderness into the land God had given them.

Jos 3:16 The flowing water stood still. It backed up as far upstream.…
Deu 34:1-2 Then Moses went up from the plains of Moab to Mount Nebo,…

to the waters of Jericho on the east,

The springs near Jericho provided vital water in the Jordan Valley and helped define the eastern edge of Joseph’s territory.

2Ki 2:19-22 Then the men of the city said to Elisha, “Please note,…
Jos 4:19 On the tenth day of the first month the people went up…

through the wilderness that goes up from Jericho

From the lowlands near Jericho, the boundary rose through rugged wilderness toward the central highlands. The ascent followed the natural change from the Jordan Valley to the hill country.

Jos 18:12 On the north side their border began at the Jordan,…
Jdg 1:16 Now the descendants of Moses’ father-in-law, the Kenite…
Deu 34:3 the Negev, and the region from the Valley…

into the hill country of Bethel.

Bethel, meaning “House of God,” lay in the central highlands and held an important place in Israel’s earlier history through Jacob. Its elevated position made the surrounding region valuable for settlement, travel, and defense.

Jos 18:13 From there the border crossed over to the southern slope…
Gen 28:19 and he called that place Bethel, though previously the city…
Gen 12:8 From there Abram moved on to the hill country east of Bethel…

It went on from Bethel (that is, Luz)

Bethel, meaning “House of God,” was associated with Jacob’s encounter with God and became an important place in Israel’s history. Formerly called Luz, it lay near the boundary between Benjamin and Ephraim and marked the beginning of Joseph’s territorial border.

Gen 28:19 and he called that place Bethel, though previously the city…
Jdg 1:23 They sent spies to Bethel (formerly known as Luz),
Gen 35:6-7 So Jacob and everyone with him arrived in Luz…

and proceeded to the border of the Archites

The border continued through territory associated with the Archites, a family group known later through Hushai the Archite, David’s loyal counselor. Their inclusion identifies a recognized local boundary within the land allotted to Joseph.

2Sa 16:16 And David’s friend Hushai the Archite went to Absalom…
2Sa 15:32 When David came to the summit, where he used to worship God,…
2Sa 17:5 Then Absalom said, “Summon Hushai the Archite as well”…

in Ataroth.

Ataroth, meaning “crowns,” stood along the border region between Ephraim and neighboring territories. Its mention helps define the inheritance assigned to Joseph’s descendants and records the orderly division of the land God had given Israel.

Num 32:34-35 And the Gadites built up Dibon, Ataroth, Aroer,…
1Ch 2:54 The descendants of Salma: Bethlehem, the Netophathites, …
Jos 18:13 From there the border crossed over to the southern slope…

Then it descended westward

The boundary moved down from the hill country toward the western lowlands, following the natural terrain toward the coastal plain.

Jos 15:10 The border curled westward from Baalah to Mount Seir…
Num 34:6 Your western border will be the coastline of the Great Sea;…

to the border of the Japhletites

This marked a neighboring clan or district within the allotted land.

1Ch 7:32-33 Heber was the father of Japhlet, Shomer, and Hotham,…
Jos 18:13-14 From there the border crossed over to the southern slope…
Jos 17:8-10 The region of Tappuah belonged to Manasseh…

as far as the border of Lower Beth-horon

Lower Beth-horon lay on the important ascent and descent route between the coastal plain and the central highlands, giving it lasting military and commercial significance.

1Ki 9:17 So Solomon rebuilt Gezer, Lower Beth-horon,
2Ch 8:5 He rebuilt Upper and Lower Beth-horon as fortified cities…
Jos 10:11 As they fled before Israel along the descent…

and on to Gezer,

Gezer stood near major trade routes and guarded access between the interior and the coast. Though assigned within Israel’s territory, it remained a Canaanite stronghold for a time.

1Ki 9:16 Pharaoh king of Egypt had attacked and captured Gezer.…
Jos 10:33 At that time Horam king of Gezer went to help Lachish, but…
1Ch 7:28 Their holdings and settlements included Bethel and…

and it ended at the Sea.

The Mediterranean formed Ephraim’s western boundary.

Jos 23:4 See, I have allotted as an inheritance to your tribes…
Jos 1:4 Your territory shall extend from the wilderness and Lebanon…

So Ephraim and Manasseh,

Joseph’s two sons were adopted by Jacob as his own, giving each a full tribal inheritance in Israel. Though Joseph was one son of Jacob, his family received a double portion through Ephraim and Manasseh.

Gen 48:5 And now your two sons born to you in Egypt…
Gen 48:19-20 But his father refused. “I know, my son, I know!”…
1Ch 5:1-2 These were the sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel.…

the sons of Joseph,

Born in Egypt to Joseph and Asenath, they became heads of tribes when Jacob blessed them before his death. Ephraim, though younger, received the greater blessing and later became a leading tribe in the northern part of Israel.

Num 26:28-37 The descendants of Joseph included the clans of…
Num 1:32-35 From the sons of Joseph: From the sons of Ephraim,…
1Ch 7:14-20 The descendants of Manasseh: Asriel through his…

received their inheritance.

Their allotted territories fulfilled God’s promise to give Canaan to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Ephraim received land in the central hill country, while Manasseh held territory both west and east of the Jordan.

Jos 17:14-18 Then the sons of Joseph said to Joshua,…
Jos 14:1-5 Now these are the portions that the Israelites inherited…
Num 26:52-56 Then the LORD said to Moses,…

This was the territory of the descendants of Ephraim by their clans:

Ephraim received its inheritance in the central hill country of Canaan, a productive and strategically important region. The land was assigned according to clans, preserving family holdings within the tribe and carrying forward the inheritance promised to Joseph’s descendants.

Num 26:28-37 The descendants of Joseph included the clans of…
1Ch 7:20-29 The descendants of Ephraim: Shuthelah, Bered his son,…
Gen 48:19-20 But his father refused. “I know, my son, I know!”…

The border of their inheritance went from Ataroth-addar in the east to Upper Beth-horon

These landmarks marked Ephraim’s southern boundary near Benjamin. Ataroth-addar, meaning “crowns of Addar,” lay near Benjamin, while Upper Beth-horon, meaning “house of hollows,” stood along a major route between the coastal plain and the interior highlands, giving Ephraim access to an important military and trade corridor.

Jos 18:13-14 From there the border crossed over to the southern slope…
2Ch 8:5 He rebuilt Upper and Lower Beth-horon as fortified cities…
Jos 10:10-11 And the LORD threw them into confusion before Israel,…

and out toward the Sea.

The boundary extended westward to the Mediterranean Sea, marking the outer edge of Ephraim’s inheritance.

Jos 15:12 And the western border was the coastline of the Great Sea.…
Jos 19:29 The border then turned back toward Ramah…
Num 34:6 Your western border will be the coastline of the Great Sea;…

From Michmethath on the north

Michmethath lay near the region of Shechem and served as a northern landmark for Ephraim’s territory.

Jos 17:7 Now the border of Manasseh went from Asher to Michmethath…
Jos 17:8 The region of Tappuah belonged to Manasseh…
Jos 17:9 From there the border continued southward.…

it turned eastward toward Taanath-shiloh

From there the boundary changed direction toward Taanath-shiloh, east of Shechem, in the hill country associated with Israel’s early worship at Shiloh.

Jos 18:1 Then the whole congregation of Israel assembled at Shiloh.…
Jdg 21:19 “But look,” they said, “there is a yearly feast”…
1Sa 1:3 Year after year Elkanah would go up from his city…

and passed by it to Janoah on the east.

The line continued to Janoah, defining the eastern reach of Ephraim’s allotted land with the same care shown throughout the tribal divisions.

2Ki 15:29 In the days of Pekah king of Israel, Tiglath-pileser came…
Jos 19:13 From there it crossed eastward to Gath-hepher…
Jos 19:12 From Sarid it turned eastward along the border…

From Janoah

Janoah lay in the hill country of Ephraim, though its precise site is unknown. From there the boundary followed the descending terrain eastward through the central highlands.

2Ki 15:29 In the days of Pekah king of Israel, Tiglath-pileser came…
Jos 17:7-8 Now the border of Manasseh went from Asher to Michmethath…

it went down to Ataroth and Naarah,

Ataroth and Naarah marked points along Ephraim’s eastern border. Their placement reflects the varied landscape between the hill country and the Jordan Valley.

Jos 18:13 From there the border crossed over to the southern slope…
Num 32:34 And the Gadites built up Dibon, Ataroth, Aroer,
1Ch 7:28 Their holdings and settlements included Bethel and…

and then reached Jericho

Jericho stood near the western side of the Jordan Valley and served as a major landmark. Its fertile oasis and strategic location made it an important city in the land Israel received.

Jos 18:21 These were the cities of the clans of the tribe of Benjamin:…
Jos 6:1 Now Jericho was tightly shut up because of the Israelites.…
Jos 2:1-2 Then Joshua son of Nun secretly sent two spies…

and came out at the Jordan.

The boundary ended at the Jordan River, which formed Ephraim’s eastern limit. The river also marked the route by which Israel entered the promised land under Joshua.

Jos 19:34 Then the border turned westward to Aznoth-tabor…
Num 34:12 Then the border will go down along the Jordan…
Deu 3:17 The Jordan River in the Arabah bordered it…

From Tappuah

From Tappuah, meaning “apple,” the boundary of Ephraim extended from a town near the border it shared with Manasseh, reflecting the close territorial relationship between Joseph’s two tribes.

Jos 17:8 The region of Tappuah belonged to Manasseh…
Jos 17:7 Now the border of Manasseh went from Asher to Michmethath…
Jos 12:17 the king of Tappuah, one; the king of Hepher, one;

the border went westward

From Tappuah, Ephraim’s border ran westward across the central hill country toward the coastal plain, following the Brook Kanah to the Mediterranean Sea. This boundary marked the northern edge of Ephraim’s allotted land.

Jos 15:10 The border curled westward from Baalah to Mount Seir…
Jos 19:34 Then the border turned westward to Aznoth-tabor…

to the Brook of Kanah

The boundary extended to the Brook of Kanah, meaning “reed” or “stalk,” which separated Ephraim’s territory from Manasseh’s in this region.

Jos 17:9 From there the border continued southward.…
Num 34:5 where it will turn from Azmon, join the Brook of Egypt…
Jos 15:4 It proceeded to Azmon, joined the Brook of Egypt…

and ended at the Sea.

The Mediterranean formed Ephraim’s western limit and provided access to the coastal region.

Num 34:6 Your western border will be the coastline of the Great Sea;…
Jos 19:29 The border then turned back toward Ramah…
Ezk 47:20 And on the west side, the Great Sea will be the boundary…

This was the inheritance of the clans of the tribe of Ephraim,

This land was distributed among the clans of the tribe of Ephraim as their permanent inheritance in the land God gave to Israel.

Jos 19:50 as the LORD had commanded. They gave him the city…
Num 26:28-37 The descendants of Joseph included the clans of…
Deu 33:13-17 Concerning Joseph he said: “May his land be blessed…

along with all the cities and villages

Ephraim’s allotment included fortified towns and smaller farming communities, providing places for government, trade, defense, and daily life.

Jos 13:28 This was the inheritance of the clans of the Gadites,…
Jos 19:23 This was the inheritance of the clans of the tribe…
Jos 19:6 Beth-lebaoth, and Sharuhen—thirteen cities,…

set apart for the descendants of Ephraim

These settlements were assigned to Ephraim, Joseph’s younger son, whose tribe became one of the leading tribes in Israel.

Jos 17:9 From there the border continued southward.…
Jos 17:8 The region of Tappuah belonged to Manasseh…
Jos 17:10 Ephraim’s territory was to the south,…

within the inheritance of Manasseh.

Some Ephraimite towns lay within Manasseh’s territory, reflecting the close connection between the two tribes descended from Joseph and the detailed division of the land among Israel.

Jos 17:11 Within Issachar and Asher, Manasseh was assigned Beth-shean,…
Jos 17:12 But the descendants of Manasseh were unable to occupy…
Jdg 1:27 At that time Manasseh failed to drive out…

But they did not drive out the Canaanites who lived in Gezer.

Gezer was an important fortified city in the western foothills, controlling routes between the coastal plain and the hill country. Ephraim subdued its inhabitants but did not remove them from the land as commanded. This incomplete conquest left a Canaanite population within Israel’s inheritance.

Jdg 1:29 Ephraim also failed to drive out the Canaanites…
Deu 7:1-2 When the LORD your God brings you into the land…
Exo 23:32-33 You shall make no covenant with them or with their gods.…

So the Canaanites dwell among the Ephraimites to this day,

Their continued residence shows that the arrangement endured for generations. Living alongside the Canaanites exposed Israel to their religious practices and weakened the separation God required of His people.

Jdg 1:30 Zebulun failed to drive out the inhabitants of Kitron…
Jos 15:63 But the descendants of Judah could not drive out…
Jos 23:12-13 For if you turn away and cling to the rest of these nations…

but they are forced laborers.

Ephraim gained economic benefit from the Canaanites’ labor but accepted a compromise rather than complete obedience. Gezer remained Canaanite until Pharaoh later captured it and gave it to his daughter, Solomon’s wife.

Jos 17:13 However, when the Israelites grew stronger…
1Ki 9:20-21 As for all the people who remained of the Amorites…

This is a draft of the Berean Study Bible. Please send all comments and recommendations to bereanstudybible@aol.com.



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