Exodus 8:18
New International Version
But when the magicians tried to produce gnats by their secret arts, they could not. Since the gnats were on people and animals everywhere,

New Living Translation
Pharaoh’s magicians tried to do the same thing with their secret arts, but this time they failed. And the gnats covered everyone, people and animals alike.

English Standard Version
The magicians tried by their secret arts to produce gnats, but they could not. So there were gnats on man and beast.

Berean Standard Bible
The magicians tried to produce gnats using their magic arts, but they could not. And the gnats remained on man and beast.

King James Bible
And the magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not: so there were lice upon man, and upon beast.

New King James Version
Now the magicians so worked with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not. So there were lice on man and beast.

New American Standard Bible
The soothsayer priests tried with their secret arts to produce gnats, but they could not; so there were gnats on every person and animal.

NASB 1995
The magicians tried with their secret arts to bring forth gnats, but they could not; so there were gnats on man and beast.

NASB 1977
And the magicians tried with their secret arts to bring forth gnats, but they could not; so there were gnats on man and beast.

Legacy Standard Bible
Then the magicians did the same with their secret arts in order to bring forth gnats, but they could not; so there were gnats on man and beast.

Amplified Bible
The magicians (soothsayer-priests) tried by their secret arts and enchantments to create gnats, but they could not; and there were gnats on man and animal.

Christian Standard Bible
The magicians tried to produce gnats using their occult practices, but they could not. The gnats remained on people and animals.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The magicians tried to produce gnats using their occult practices, but they could not. The gnats remained on man and beast.”

American Standard Version
And the magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not: and there were lice upon man, and upon beast.

Contemporary English Version
When the magicians tried to use their secret powers to do this, they failed, and gnats stayed on people and animals.

English Revised Version
And the magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not: and there were lice upon man, and upon beast.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The magicians also tried to produce gnats using their magic spells, but they couldn't do it. The gnats bit people and animals.

Good News Translation
The magicians tried to use their magic to make gnats appear, but they failed. There were gnats everywhere,

International Standard Version
The magicians tried to do the same thing with their secret arts, but they were unable to bring out the gnats. The gnats were on the people and the animals.

Majority Standard Bible
The magicians tried to produce gnats using their magic arts, but they could not. And the gnats remained on man and beast.

NET Bible
When the magicians attempted to bring forth gnats by their secret arts, they could not. So there were gnats on people and on animals.

New Heart English Bible
The magicians tried with their secret arts to bring forth lice, but they couldn't. There were lice on man, and on animal.

Webster's Bible Translation
And the magicians did so with their inchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not: so there were lice upon man and upon beast.

World English Bible
The magicians tried with their enchantments to produce lice, but they couldn’t. There were lice on man, and on animal.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And the enchanters do so with their secrets, to bring out the gnats, and they have not been able, and the gnats are on man and on beast;

Young's Literal Translation
And the scribes do so with their flashings, to bring out the gnats, and they have not been able, and the gnats are on man and on beast;

Smith's Literal Translation
The original Julia E. Smith Bible records the following as a verse reference for Exodus 8:14And they will do so; and Aaron will stretch forth his hand with his rod, and will smite the dust of the earth, and it will be gnats upon man and in quadrupeds: all the dust of the earth was gnats upon all the land of Egypt.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And the magicians with their enchantments practiced in like manner, to bring forth sciniphs, and they could not and there were sciniphs as well on men as on beasts.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And the sorcerers, with their incantations, did similarly, in order to bring forth stinging insects, but they were not able. And there were stinging insects, as much on men as on beasts.

New American Bible
Though the magicians did the same thing to produce gnats by their magic arts, they could not do so. The gnats were on human being and beast alike,

New Revised Standard Version
The magicians tried to produce gnats by their secret arts, but they could not. There were gnats on both humans and animals.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the magicians did the same by means of their magic to bring forth lice, but they could not get rid of the lice; so there were lice on men and on cattle.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the Sorcerers did in this way also by their sorceries and they were not capable of removal of the lice, and there were lice on the children of men and on the animals.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And the magicians did so with their secret arts to bring forth gnats, but they could not; and there were gnats upon man, and upon beast.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And the charmers also did so with their sorceries, to bring forth the louse, and they could not. And the lice were both on the men and on the quadrupeds.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Third Plague: Gnats
17This they did, and when Aaron stretched out his hand with his staff and struck the dust of the earth, gnats came upon man and beast. All the dust of the earth turned into gnats throughout the land of Egypt. 18The magicians tried to produce gnats using their magic arts, but they could not. And the gnats remained on man and beast. 19“This is the finger of God,” the magicians said to Pharaoh. But Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said.…

Cross References
Exodus 7:11-12
But Pharaoh called the wise men and sorcerers and magicians of Egypt, and they also did the same things by their magic arts. / Each one threw down his staff, and it became a serpent. But Aaron’s staff swallowed up the other staffs.

Exodus 9:11
The magicians could not stand before Moses, because the boils had broken out on them and on all the Egyptians.

2 Timothy 3:8-9
Just as Jannes and Jambres opposed Moses, so also these men oppose the truth. They are depraved in mind and disqualified from the faith. / But they will not advance much further. For just like Jannes and Jambres, their folly will be plain to everyone.

Revelation 16:13-14
And I saw three unclean spirits that looked like frogs coming out of the mouths of the dragon, the beast, and the false prophet. / These are demonic spirits that perform signs and go out to all the kings of the earth, to assemble them for battle on the great day of God the Almighty.

Matthew 12:24-28
But when the Pharisees heard this, they said, “Only by Beelzebul, the prince of demons, does this man drive out demons.” / Knowing their thoughts, Jesus said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself will be laid waste, and every city or household divided against itself will not stand. / If Satan drives out Satan, he is divided against himself. How then can his kingdom stand? ...

Acts 8:9-11
Prior to that time, a man named Simon had practiced sorcery in the city and astounded the people of Samaria. He claimed to be someone great, / and all the people, from the least to the greatest, heeded his words and said, “This man is the divine power called the Great Power.” / They paid close attention to him because he had astounded them for a long time with his sorcery.

2 Thessalonians 2:9-10
The coming of the lawless one will be accompanied by the working of Satan, with every kind of power, sign, and false wonder, / and with every wicked deception directed against those who are perishing, because they refused the love of the truth that would have saved them.

Deuteronomy 13:1-3
If a prophet or dreamer of dreams arises among you and proclaims a sign or wonder to you, / and if the sign or wonder he has spoken to you comes about, but he says, “Let us follow other gods (which you have not known) and let us worship them,” / you must not listen to the words of that prophet or dreamer. For the LORD your God is testing you to find out whether you love Him with all your heart and with all your soul.

1 Kings 18:36-39
At the time of the evening sacrifice, Elijah the prophet approached the altar and said, “O LORD, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, let it be known this day that You are God in Israel and that I am Your servant and have done all these things at Your command. / Answer me, O LORD! Answer me, so that this people will know that You, the LORD, are God, and that You have turned their hearts back again.” / Then the fire of the LORD fell and consumed the sacrifice, the wood, the stones, and the dust, and it licked up the water in the trench. ...

Daniel 2:10-11
The astrologers answered the king, “No one on earth can do what the king requests! No king, however great and powerful, has ever asked anything like this of any magician, enchanter, or astrologer. / What the king requests is so difficult that no one can tell it to him except the gods, whose dwelling is not with mortals.”

Isaiah 44:25
who foils the signs of false prophets and makes fools of diviners, who confounds the wise and turns their knowledge into nonsense,

Jeremiah 10:11-15
Thus you are to tell them: “These gods, who have made neither the heavens nor the earth, will perish from this earth and from under these heavens.” / The LORD made the earth by His power; He established the world by His wisdom and stretched out the heavens by His understanding. / When He thunders, the waters in the heavens roar; He causes the clouds to rise from the ends of the earth. He generates the lightning with the rain and brings forth the wind from His storehouses. ...

Ezekiel 13:6-9
They see false visions and speak lying divinations. They claim, ‘Thus declares the LORD,’ when the LORD did not send them; yet they wait for the fulfillment of their message. / Haven’t you seen a false vision and spoken a lying divination when you proclaim, ‘Thus declares the LORD,’ even though I have not spoken? / Therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: Because you have uttered vain words and seen false visions, I am against you, declares the Lord GOD. ...

1 Corinthians 1:19-20
For it is written: “I will destroy the wisdom of the wise; the intelligence of the intelligent I will frustrate.” / Where is the wise man? Where is the scribe? Where is the philosopher of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world?

Galatians 5:19-21
The acts of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity, and debauchery; / idolatry and sorcery; hatred, discord, jealousy, and rage; rivalries, divisions, factions, / and envy; drunkenness, orgies, and the like. I warn you, as I did before, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.


Treasury of Scripture

And the magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not: so there were lice on man, and on beast.

the magicians

Exodus 7:11
Then Pharaoh also called the wise men and the sorcerers: now the magicians of Egypt, they also did in like manner with their enchantments.

they could

Exodus 9:11
And the magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boils; for the boil was upon the magicians, and upon all the Egyptians.

Genesis 41:8
And it came to pass in the morning that his spirit was troubled; and he sent and called for all the magicians of Egypt, and all the wise men thereof: and Pharaoh told them his dream; but there was none that could interpret them unto Pharaoh.

Isaiah 19:12
Where are they? where are thy wise men? and let them tell thee now, and let them know what the LORD of hosts hath purposed upon Egypt.

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Able Animal Animals Arts Attempting Beast Couldn't Enchantments Flashings Forth Gnats Insects Lice Magicians Produce Scribes Secret Sorceries Tried Unable Wonder-Workers
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Exodus 8
1. Frogs are sent
8. Pharaoh complains to Moses, who by prayer removes them
16. The dust is turned into lice, which the magicians could not do
20. The plague of flies
25. Pharaoh inclines to let the people go, but yet is hardened














The magicians
In the context of ancient Egypt, magicians were not mere entertainers but were considered wise men and priests who wielded significant influence. They were believed to possess secret knowledge and power, often associated with the Egyptian gods. The Hebrew term used here, "חַרְטֻמִּים" (chartummim), refers to these learned men who were skilled in the sacred arts. Their inability to replicate the plague of gnats signifies the superiority of God's power over the Egyptian deities and their representatives.

tried to produce
The phrase indicates an attempt, a striving to replicate the miracle performed by God through Moses and Aaron. The Hebrew root "נָסָה" (nasah) implies an effort or trial, highlighting the magicians' determination to maintain their status and authority. This effort underscores the futility of human power when confronted with divine will, a theme prevalent throughout the Exodus narrative.

gnats
The Hebrew word "כִּנִּים" (kinim) is often translated as "gnats" or "lice." These tiny insects were a significant nuisance, representing chaos and discomfort. In the Egyptian context, cleanliness was paramount, and the presence of gnats would have been both a physical and spiritual affront. This plague, therefore, symbolizes the breakdown of order and the impotence of Egyptian gods to protect their people.

by their magic arts
The term "לָטִים" (latim) refers to secret or hidden arts, often associated with enchantments or sorcery. In the ancient world, such practices were believed to manipulate spiritual forces. The magicians' failure to replicate the miracle demonstrates the limitations of human and demonic powers against the sovereign acts of God. It serves as a reminder of the ultimate authority of the Creator over all creation.

but they could not
This phrase marks a turning point in the narrative. The magicians' inability to produce gnats signifies the beginning of their recognition of a power greater than their own. The Hebrew "וְלֹא יָכֹלוּ" (velo yacholu) emphasizes their incapacity, highlighting the distinction between divine miracles and human trickery. It is a testament to God's unmatched power and a foreshadowing of the eventual liberation of the Israelites.

And the gnats were on man and beast
The pervasive nature of the gnats, affecting both humans and animals, illustrates the comprehensive reach of God's judgment. The Hebrew "וַתְּהִי הַכִּנִּים בָּאָדָם וּבַבְּהֵמָה" (vatehi hakinnim ba'adam uvabhema) underscores the universality of the plague. This affliction serves as a humbling reminder of human vulnerability and the need for divine intervention. It also prefigures the ultimate deliverance of God's people, as His power is demonstrated over all creation.

(18) The magicians did so--i.e., tried to do so--took moist earth, and dried it, and pulverised it, and tried the effect of their magic charms upon it, but. failed to produce mosquitoes, as Aaron had done. Mosquitoes were things too delicate to be caught, and manipulated, and produced at a given moment by sleight-of-hand. The magicians tried to produce a counterfeit of the miracle, but could not. Then they excused themselves to their master with the words, "This is the finger of a god."

Verse 18. - The magicians did so with their enchantments. The magicians stretched out their rods over certain collections of dust, but no gnats were produced; which would be the natural result, if they had made no secret arrangements. No reason can be assigned why they should not have seemed to produce gnats, as easily as frogs, if they had employed all the arts of which they were masters in so doing. But events had convinced them that they could not cope with Moses and Aaron; and it would seem that they therefore declined further contest,

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The magicians
הַחַרְטֻמִּ֧ים (ha·ḥar·ṭum·mîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 2748: An engraver, writer

tried
וַיַּעֲשׂוּ־ (way·ya·‘ă·śū-)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 6213: To do, make

to produce
לְהוֹצִ֥יא (lə·hō·w·ṣî)
Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct
Strong's 3318: To go, bring, out, direct and proxim

gnats
הַכִּנִּ֖ים (hak·kin·nîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 3654: Gnat, gnats, a gnat swarm

using their magic arts,
בְּלָטֵיהֶ֛ם (bə·lā·ṭê·hem)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 3909: Covered, secret, incantation, secrecy, covertly

but they could
יָכֹ֑לוּ (yā·ḵō·lū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 3201: To be able, have power

not.
וְלֹ֣א (wə·lō)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

And the gnats
הַכִּנָּ֔ם (hak·kin·nām)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3654: Gnat, gnats, a gnat swarm

remained
וַתְּהִי֙ (wat·tə·hî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

on man
בָּאָדָ֖ם (bā·’ā·ḏām)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 120: Ruddy, a human being

and beast.
וּבַבְּהֵמָֽה׃ (ū·ḇab·bə·hê·māh)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 929: A dumb beast, any large quadruped, animal


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OT Law: Exodus 8:18 The magicians tried with their enchantments (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 8:17
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