2 Samuel 18:15
New International Version
And ten of Joab’s armor-bearers surrounded Absalom, struck him and killed him.

New Living Translation
Ten of Joab’s young armor bearers then surrounded Absalom and killed him.

English Standard Version
And ten young men, Joab’s armor-bearers, surrounded Absalom and struck him and killed him.

Berean Standard Bible
And ten young men who carried Joab’s armor surrounded Absalom, struck him, and killed him.

Berean Literal Bible
And surrounded ten young men who bore weapons of Joab, and they struck Absalom and killed him.

King James Bible
And ten young men that bare Joab's armour compassed about and smote Absalom, and slew him.

New King James Version
And ten young men who bore Joab’s armor surrounded Absalom, and struck and killed him.

New American Standard Bible
And ten young men who carried Joab’s armor gathered around and struck Absalom and killed him.

NASB 1995
And ten young men who carried Joab’s armor gathered around and struck Absalom and killed him.

NASB 1977
And ten young men who carried Joab’s armor gathered around and struck Absalom and killed him.

Legacy Standard Bible
And ten young men who carried Joab’s armor gathered around and struck Absalom and put him to death.

Amplified Bible
And ten young men, Joab’s armor bearers, surrounded and struck Absalom and killed him.

Berean Annotated Bible
And ten young men who carried Joab’s (YHWH is father) armor surrounded Absalom (my father is peace), struck him, and killed him.

Christian Standard Bible
ten young men who were Joab’s armor-bearers surrounded Absalom, struck him, and killed him.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
and 10 young men who were Joab’s armor-bearers surrounded Absalom, struck him, and killed him.

American Standard Version
And ten young men that bare Joab's armor compassed about and smote Absalom, and slew him.

Contemporary English Version
Ten of Joab's bodyguards came over and finished him off.

English Revised Version
And ten young men that bare Joab's armour compassed about and smote Absalom, and slew him.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Then ten of Joab's armorbearers surrounded Absalom, attacked him, and killed him.

Good News Translation
Then ten of Joab's soldiers closed in on Absalom and finished killing him.

International Standard Version
Ten young men who served as Joab's personal assistants then surrounded Absalom, striking him repeatedly and killing him.

NET Bible
Then ten soldiers who were Joab's armor bearers struck Absalom and finished him off.

New Heart English Bible
Then ten young men, Joab's armor-bearers, surrounded and struck Absalom and killed him.

Webster's Bible Translation
And ten young men that bore Joab's armor compassed about and smote Absalom, and slew him.
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
And ten young men who carried Joab’s armor surrounded Absalom, struck him, and killed him.

World English Bible
Ten young men who bore Joab’s armor surrounded and struck Absalom, and killed him.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And they go around—ten youths carrying weapons of Joab—and strike Absalom, and put him to death.

Berean Literal Bible
And surrounded ten young men who bore weapons of Joab, and they struck Absalom and killed him.

Young's Literal Translation
And they go round -- ten youths bearing weapons of Joab -- and smite Absalom, and put him to death.

Smith's Literal Translation
And ten boys lifting up Joab's arms will surround and strike Absalom, and kill him.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Ten young men, armourbearers of Joab, ran up, and striking him slew him.

Catholic Public Domain Version
ten young men, armor bearers of Joab, ran up, and striking him, they killed him.

New American Bible
When ten of Joab’s young armor-bearers closed in on Absalom, and killed him with further blows,

New Revised Standard Version
And ten young men, Joab’s armor-bearers, surrounded Absalom and struck him, and killed him.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And ten young men who bore Joab's armor circled about and smote Absalom and slew him.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And ten young men, the bearers of the weapons of Yuab, turned and they struck Abishlum and they killed him
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And ten young men that bore Joab's armour compassed about and smote Absalom, and slew him.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And ten young men that bore Joab's armour compassed Abessalom, and smote him and slew him.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Absalom Killed
14But Joab declared, “I am not going to wait like this with you!” And he took three spears in his hand and thrust them through the heart of Absalom while he was still alive in the oak tree. 15And ten young men who carried Joab’s armor surrounded Absalom, struck him, and killed him. 16Then Joab blew the ram’s horn, and the troops broke off their pursuit of Israel because Joab had restrained them.…

Cross References
And ten young men who carried Joab’s armor

2 Samuel 23:37
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah,

1 Samuel 14:1-14
One day Jonathan son of Saul said to the young man bearing his armor, “Come, let us cross over to the Philistine outpost on the other side.” But Jonathan did not tell his father. / Meanwhile, Saul was staying under the pomegranate tree in Migron on the outskirts of Gibeah. And the troops who were with him numbered about six hundred men, / including Ahijah, who was wearing an ephod. He was the son of Ichabod’s brother Ahitub son of Phinehas, the son of Eli the priest of the LORD in Shiloh. But the troops did not know that Jonathan had left. …

Judges 7:16-20
And he divided the three hundred men into three companies and gave each man a ram’s horn in one hand and a large jar in the other, containing a torch. / “Watch me and do as I do,” Gideon said. “When I come to the outskirts of the camp, do exactly as I do. / When I and all who are with me blow our horns, then you are also to blow your horns from all around the camp and shout, ‘For the LORD and for Gideon!’” …
surrounded Absalom

1 Samuel 26:5-7
Then David set out and went to the place where Saul had camped. He saw the place where Saul and Abner son of Ner, the general of his army, had lain down. Saul was lying inside the inner circle of the camp, with the troops camped around him. / And David asked Ahimelech the Hittite and Abishai son of Zeruiah, Joab’s brother, “Who will go down with me to Saul in the camp?” “I will go with you,” answered Abishai. / That night David and Abishai came to the troops, and Saul was lying there asleep in the inner circle of the camp, with his spear stuck in the ground by his head. And Abner and the troops were lying around him.

2 Kings 6:15-17
When the servant of the man of God got up and went out early in the morning, behold, an army with horses and chariots had surrounded the city. So he asked Elisha, “Oh, my master, what are we to do?” / “Do not be afraid,” Elisha answered, “for those who are with us are more than those who are with them.” / Then Elisha prayed, “O LORD, please open his eyes that he may see.” And the LORD opened the eyes of the young man, and he saw that the hills were full of horses and chariots of fire all around Elisha.

Psalm 22:12-13
Many bulls surround me; strong bulls of Bashan encircle me. / They open their jaws against me like lions that roar and maul.
struck him

2 Samuel 3:27
When Abner returned to Hebron, Joab pulled him aside into the gateway, as if to speak to him privately, and there Joab stabbed him in the stomach. So Abner died on account of the blood of Joab’s brother Asahel.

2 Samuel 20:10
Amasa was not on guard against the dagger in Joab’s hand, and Joab stabbed him in the stomach and spilled out his intestines on the ground. And Joab did not need to strike him again, for Amasa was dead. Then Joab and his brother Abishai pursued Sheba son of Bichri.

1 Samuel 17:49
Then David reached into his bag, took out a stone, and slung it, striking the Philistine on the forehead. The stone sank into his forehead, and he fell facedown on the ground.
and killed him

2 Samuel 1:10-16
So I stood over him and killed him, because I knew that after he had fallen he could not survive. And I took the crown that was on his head and the band that was on his arm, and I have brought them here to my lord.” / Then David took hold of his own clothes and tore them, and all the men who were with him did the same. / They mourned and wept and fasted until evening for Saul and his son Jonathan, and for the people of the LORD and the house of Israel, because they had fallen by the sword. …

2 Samuel 4:7
They had entered the house while Ish-bosheth was lying on his bed, and having stabbed and killed him, they beheaded him, took his head, and traveled all night by way of the Arabah.

1 Samuel 31:4-5
Then Saul said to his armor-bearer, “Draw your sword and run me through with it, or these uncircumcised men will come and run me through and torture me!” But his armor-bearer was terrified and refused to do it. So Saul took his own sword and fell on it. / When his armor-bearer saw that Saul was dead, he too fell on his own sword and died with him.
Judges 9:54
He quickly called his armor-bearer, saying, “Draw your sword and kill me, lest they say of me, ‘A woman killed him.’” So Abimelech’s armor-bearer ran his sword through him, and he died.

1 Kings 2:25
So King Solomon gave orders to Benaiah son of Jehoiada, and he struck down Adonijah and he died.

1 Kings 2:34
So Benaiah son of Jehoiada went up, struck down Joab, and killed him. He was buried at his own home in the wilderness.

1 Kings 2:46
Then the king commanded Benaiah son of Jehoiada, and he went out and struck Shimei down, and he died. Thus the kingdom was firmly established in the hand of Solomon.


Treasury of Scripture

And ten young men that bore Joab's armor compassed about and smote Absalom, and slew him.

Jump to Previous
Absalom Ab'salom Armor Armor-Bearers Armour Bare Bearing Bore Carried Compassed Death End Gathered Joab Joab's Jo'ab's Killed Round Servants Slew Smite Smote Struck Surrounded Ten Weapons Young Youths
Jump to Next
Absalom Ab'salom Armor Armor-Bearers Armour Bare Bearing Bore Carried Compassed Death End Gathered Joab Joab's Jo'ab's Killed Round Servants Slew Smite Smote Struck Surrounded Ten Weapons Young Youths
2 Samuel 18
1. David viewing the armies in their march gives them charge of Absalom
6. The Israelites are sorely smitten in the wood of ephraim
9. Absalom, hanging in an oak is slain by Joab, and cast into a pit
18. Absalom's place
19. Ahimaaz and Cushi bring tidings to David
33. David mourns for Absalom












And ten young men who carried Joab’s armor
In ancient warfare, armor-bearers were crucial for military leaders, providing protection and assistance. Joab, as the commander of David's army, had a retinue of young men, indicating his high status and the importance of his role. The number ten may symbolize completeness or fullness, suggesting a well-prepared and formidable group. This reflects the organized military structure of Israel during King David's reign. The presence of these young men highlights Joab's authority and the loyalty of his followers.

surrounded Absalom
Absalom, David's son, had rebelled against his father, leading to a civil war. His capture and death were pivotal in quelling the rebellion. The act of surrounding Absalom signifies the inescapable judgment he faced due to his actions. This moment fulfills the prophecy of Nathan in 2 Samuel 12:10-12, where God declared that calamity would arise from David's own house. The surrounding of Absalom also symbolizes the inevitability of divine justice.

struck him
The act of striking Absalom is significant as it represents the execution of justice. Absalom's rebellion was not only against his father but against God's anointed king. The striking down of Absalom can be seen as a necessary act to restore order and uphold God's chosen leadership. This moment echoes the biblical theme of the consequences of sin and rebellion against divine authority.

and killed him
The death of Absalom marks the end of his insurrection and the restoration of David's rule. It serves as a sobering reminder of the cost of rebellion and the seriousness of opposing God's will. Absalom's death also prefigures the ultimate judgment that awaits those who reject God's authority. In a typological sense, it contrasts with the sacrificial death of Jesus Christ, who, unlike Absalom, submitted to God's will and brought reconciliation rather than division.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Absalom
The son of King David, who rebelled against his father and sought to take the throne of Israel. His rebellion led to a civil war within the nation.

2. Joab
The commander of King David's army, known for his military prowess and sometimes ruthless actions. He played a crucial role in quelling Absalom's rebellion.

3. Ten Young Men
These were the armor-bearers of Joab, who were instrumental in the final act of killing Absalom, following Joab's lead.

4. The Forest of Ephraim
The location where the battle between David's forces and Absalom's forces took place, leading to Absalom's death.

5. David
The King of Israel, father of Absalom, who faced the painful reality of his son's rebellion and eventual death.
Teaching Points
The Consequences of Rebellion
Absalom's account is a cautionary tale about the dangers of rebelling against God's anointed leadership and the destructive path of pride and ambition.

The Complexity of Justice
Joab's actions, while decisive, raise questions about justice and mercy. It challenges us to consider how we balance justice with compassion in our own lives.

The Pain of Parental Grief
David's grief over Absalom's death reminds us of the deep pain that can accompany family strife and the importance of seeking reconciliation and peace.

The Role of Loyalty and Duty
The ten young men who followed Joab's orders demonstrate the importance of loyalty and duty, but also the need for discernment in following leadership.

The Sovereignty of God
Despite human actions and decisions, God's sovereign plan unfolds. This encourages us to trust in God's ultimate control over the events of our lives.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1. What is the meaning of 2 Samuel 18:15?

2. How does 2 Samuel 18:15 illustrate the consequences of rebellion against God's anointed?

3. What can we learn about justice from Joab's actions in 2 Samuel 18:15?

4. How does this verse connect to Romans 13:1-2 about authority?

5. How should Christians respond to leadership failures, as seen in 2 Samuel 18:15?

6. What does 2 Samuel 18:15 teach about the importance of following God's appointed leaders?

7. Why did Joab's men kill Absalom despite David's orders in 2 Samuel 18:15?

8. How does 2 Samuel 18:15 reflect on the theme of loyalty and betrayal?

9. What does Absalom's death in 2 Samuel 18:15 signify about divine justice?

10. What are the top 10 Lessons from 2 Samuel 18?

11. How could Absalom have turned the hearts of all Israel against David so quickly (2 Samuel 15:6, 13)?

12. Why does Joab's direct killing of Absalom contradict David's explicit command to spare him (2 Samuel 18:5, 14), and does this create a moral inconsistency?

13. 2 Samuel 14:33: If David truly forgave Absalom when he finally saw him, why does Absalom soon rebel, suggesting either incomplete reconciliation or narrative inconsistency?

14. How did Absalom become caught by his head or hair in the oak tree (2 Samuel 18:9), and does this detail conflict with scientific plausibility?
What Does 2 Samuel 18:15 Mean
And ten young men

• The text specifies “ten,” a deliberate echo of completeness and decisive action (cf. Genesis 18:32; Leviticus 26:26).

• They are described as “young,” highlighting vigor and readiness, reminiscent of David’s own youth when he confronted Goliath (1 Samuel 17:42).

• Their number contrasts with Absalom’s lonely predicament, fulfilling the warning that “the sword shall never depart from your house” (2 Samuel 12:10).


who carried Joab’s armor

• These men are not random soldiers; they serve as Joab’s personal armor-bearers, much like Jonathan’s companion (1 Samuel 14:6-7) or Saul’s (1 Samuel 31:4).

• Being Joab’s attendants underscores Joab’s authority and the intentionality behind the act; they carry out their commander’s will rather than acting impulsively.

• Their role also ties the scene back to Joab’s earlier pattern of taking matters into his own hands (2 Samuel 3:27 with Abner; 2 Samuel 20:10 with Amasa).


surrounded Absalom

• Absalom is still helpless, dangling from the oak where “his head was caught fast” (2 Samuel 18:9).

• The surrounding signifies total defeat; there is no escape, echoing the language of encirclement in Psalm 118:10-12.

• This fulfills Deuteronomy 21:18-21’s principle that a persistently rebellious son faces community judgment—here carried out by Joab’s men rather than city elders.


struck him

• Joab had already pierced Absalom with three javelins (2 Samuel 18:14). The young men’s blows ensure the deed is finished.

• The striking reflects the gravity of treason in Israel (Judges 9:54-56 with Abimelech), demonstrating that rebellion against God’s anointed king invites swift justice.

• Each blow mirrors the cumulative consequences of Absalom’s sins—murdering Amnon (2 Samuel 13:28-29), stealing hearts at the gate (2 Samuel 15:1-6), and mounting an armed coup (2 Samuel 15:10-14).


and killed him

• Despite David’s plea to “deal gently with the young man Absalom” (2 Samuel 18:5), Joab decides the kingdom’s stability outweighs paternal mercy.

• The verse signals the irreversible finality of Absalom’s rebellion; much like Pharaoh’s army in Exodus 14:28, none survive God-directed judgment.

• Joab’s choice will later cost him; Solomon remembers this pattern of unauthorized bloodshed when ordering Joab’s execution (1 Kings 2:28-34).


summary

2 Samuel 18:15 records the conclusive moment when Joab’s ten armor-bearers finish Absalom. Their number, position, and actions underscore deliberate, authoritative judgment on a rebellious son who threatened God’s chosen king. The verse teaches that while earthly fathers may long to spare wayward children, divine justice stands firm: persistent rebellion meets decisive, complete, and inescapable judgment.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
And ten
עֲשָׂרָ֣ה (‘ă·śā·rāh)
Number - masculine singular
Strong's 6235: Ten

young men
נְעָרִ֔ים (nə·‘ā·rîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 5288: A boy, lad, youth, retainer

who carried
נֹשְׂאֵ֖י (nō·śə·’ê)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct
Strong's 5375: To lift, carry, take

Joab's
יוֹאָ֑ב (yō·w·’āḇ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3097: Joab -- 'the LORD is father', three Israelites

armor
כְּלֵ֣י (kə·lê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 3627: Something prepared, any apparatus

surrounded
וַיָּסֹ֙בּוּ֙ (way·yā·sōb·bū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 5437: To turn about, go around, surround

Absalom,
אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם (’aḇ·šā·lō·wm)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 53: Absalom -- 'my father is peace', two Israelites

struck
וַיַּכּ֥וּ (way·yak·kū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 5221: To strike

him,
אֶת־ (’eṯ-)
Direct object marker
Strong's 853: Untranslatable mark of the accusative case

and killed him.
וַיְמִיתֻֽהוּ׃ (way·mî·ṯu·hū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4191: To die, to kill


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OT History: 2 Samuel 18:15 Ten young men who bore Joab's armor (2Sa iiSam 2 Sam ii sam)
2 Samuel 18:14
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