Deuteronomy 25:3
New International Version
but the judge must not impose more than forty lashes. If the guilty party is flogged more than that, your fellow Israelite will be degraded in your eyes.

New Living Translation
But never give more than forty lashes; more than forty lashes would publicly humiliate your neighbor.

English Standard Version
Forty stripes may be given him, but not more, lest, if one should go on to beat him with more stripes than these, your brother be degraded in your sight.

Berean Standard Bible
He may receive no more than forty lashes, lest your brother be beaten any more than that and be degraded in your sight.

King James Bible
Forty stripes he may give him, and not exceed: lest, if he should exceed, and beat him above these with many stripes, then thy brother should seem vile unto thee.

New King James Version
Forty blows he may give him and no more, lest he should exceed this and beat him with many blows above these, and your brother be humiliated in your sight.

New American Standard Bible
He may have him beaten forty times, but not more, so that he does not have him beaten with many more lashes than these, and that your brother does not become contemptible in your eyes.

NASB 1995
“He may beat him forty times but no more, so that he does not beat him with many more stripes than these and your brother is not degraded in your eyes.

NASB 1977
“He may beat him forty times but no more, lest he beat him with many more stripes than these, and your brother be degraded in your eyes.

Legacy Standard Bible
He may strike him forty times but no more, lest he strike him with many more stripes than these and your brother be dishonored in your eyes.

Amplified Bible
He may have him beaten forty times, but no more. He is not to be beaten with more stripes than these and he is not to be degraded [that is, treated like an animal] in your sight.

Christian Standard Bible
He may be flogged with forty lashes, but no more. Otherwise, if he is flogged with more lashes than these, your brother will be degraded in your sight.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
He may be flogged with 40 lashes, but no more. Otherwise, if he is flogged with more lashes than these, your brother will be degraded in your sight.”

American Standard Version
Forty stripes he may give him, he shall not exceed; lest, if he should exceed, and beat him above these with many stripes, then thy brother should seem vile unto thee.

Contemporary English Version
Forty lashes is the most that you can be given, because more than that might make other Israelites think you are worthless.

English Revised Version
Forty stripes he may give him, he shall not exceed: lest, if he should exceed, and beat him above these with many stripes, then thy brother should seem vile unto thee.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Forty lashes may be given, but no more. If an Israelite were given more than that, he would be publicly humiliated.

Good News Translation
He may be given as many as forty lashes, but no more; more than that would humiliate him publicly.

International Standard Version
But he must not be beaten more than 40 lashes, because if he receives more than 40 lashes, your brother will be humiliated in your eyes.

Majority Standard Bible
He may receive no more than forty lashes, lest your brother be beaten any more than that and be degraded in your sight.

NET Bible
The judge may sentence him to forty blows, but no more. If he is struck with more than these, you might view your fellow Israelite with contempt.

New Heart English Bible
He may give him forty stripes and no more. Otherwise, if he should go on and beat him with more stripes than these, your brother will be humiliated in your eyes.

Webster's Bible Translation
Forty stripes he may give him, and not exceed: lest if he should exceed, and beat him above these with many stripes, then thy brother should seem vile to thee.

World English Bible
He may sentence him to no more than forty stripes. He shall not give more, lest if he should give more and beat him more than that many stripes, then your brother will be degraded in your sight.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
he strikes him forty [times]; he is not adding, lest he is adding to strike him above these many stripes, and your brother be lightly esteemed in your eyes.

Young's Literal Translation
forty times he doth smite him -- he is not adding, lest, he is adding to smite him above these -- many stripes, and thy brother is lightly esteemed in thine eyes.

Smith's Literal Translation
Forty he shall beat him; He shall not add, lest he shall add to strike him above them with much beating, and thy brother was despised before thine eyes.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Yet so, that they exceed not the number of forty: lest thy brother depart shamefully torn before thy eyes.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Even so, these shall not exceed the number of forty. Otherwise, your brother may depart, having been wounded shamefully before your eyes.

New American Bible
Forty lashes may be given, but no more; or else, if more lashes are added to these many blows, your brother will be degraded in your sight.

New Revised Standard Version
Forty lashes may be given but not more; if more lashes than these are given, your neighbor will be degraded in your sight.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Forty stripes he may give him, but not more; test, if he should exceed, and scourge him above this number of stripes, then your brother would be hurt severely before your eyes.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Forty times in number they may whip him and they shall not exceed, lest when they exceed, they whip him more than this whipping, and your brother will suffer excessively before your eyes.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Forty stripes he may give him, he shall not exceed; lest, if he should exceed, and beat him above these with many stripes, then thy brother should be dishonoured before thine eyes.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And they shall scourge him with forty stripes in number, they shall not inflict more; for if thou shouldest scourge him with more stripes beyond these stripes, thy brother will be disgraced before thee.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Fairness and Mercy
2If the guilty man deserves to be beaten, the judge shall have him lie down and be flogged in his presence with the number of lashes his crime warrants. 3He may receive no more than forty lashes, lest your brother be beaten any more than that and be degraded in your sight. 4Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.…

Cross References
2 Corinthians 11:24
Five times I received from the Jews the forty lashes minus one.

Proverbs 19:29
Judgments are prepared for mockers, and beatings for the backs of fools.

Proverbs 10:13
Wisdom is found on the lips of the discerning, but a rod is for the back of him who lacks judgment.

Proverbs 26:3
A whip for the horse, a bridle for the donkey, and a rod for the backs of fools!

1 Corinthians 9:9
For it is written in the Law of Moses: “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.” Is it about oxen that God is concerned?

1 Timothy 5:18
For the Scripture says, “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain,” and, “The worker is worthy of his wages.”

Exodus 21:20-21
If a man strikes his manservant or maidservant with a rod, and the servant dies by his hand, he shall surely be punished. / However, if the servant gets up after a day or two, the owner shall not be punished, since the servant is his property.

Leviticus 19:20
If a man lies carnally with a slave girl promised to another man but who has not been redeemed or given her freedom, there must be due punishment. But they are not to be put to death, because she had not been freed.

Isaiah 53:5
But He was pierced for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was upon Him, and by His stripes we are healed.

Hebrews 12:6
For the Lord disciplines the one He loves, and He chastises every son He receives.”

Luke 12:47-48
That servant who knows his master’s will but does not get ready or follow his instructions will be beaten with many blows. / But the one who unknowingly does things worthy of punishment will be beaten with few blows. From everyone who has been given much, much will be required; and from him who has been entrusted with much, even more will be demanded.

Matthew 10:17
But beware of men, for they will hand you over to their councils and flog you in their synagogues.

Acts 5:40
At this, they yielded to Gamaliel. They called the apostles in and had them flogged. Then they ordered them not to speak in the name of Jesus, and released them.

Psalm 89:32
I will attend to their transgression with the rod, and to their iniquity with stripes.

Job 9:34
Let Him remove His rod from me, so that His terror will no longer frighten me.


Treasury of Scripture

Forty stripes he may give him, and not exceed: lest, if he should exceed, and beat him above these with many stripes, then your brother should seem vile to you.

not exceed

2 Corinthians 11:24,25
Of the Jews five times received I forty stripes save one…

Job 18:3
Wherefore are we counted as beasts, and reputed vile in your sight?

Luke 15:30
But as soon as this thy son was come, which hath devoured thy living with harlots, thou hast killed for him the fatted calf.

Luke 18:9-12
And he spake this parable unto certain which trusted in themselves that they were righteous, and despised others: …

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Adding Beat Blows Continue Degraded Despicable Dishonoured Exceed Eyes Seem Sight Smite Stripes Times Vile
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Adding Beat Blows Continue Degraded Despicable Dishonoured Exceed Eyes Seem Sight Smite Stripes Times Vile
Deuteronomy 25
1. Punishment must not exceed forty lashes
4. The ox is not to be muzzled
5. Of raising seed unto a brother
11. Of the immodest woman
13. Of unjust weights and measures
17. The memory of Amalek is to be blotted out














He may receive no more than forty lashes
The phrase "forty lashes" refers to a specific limit set by Mosaic Law for corporal punishment. The Hebrew word for "lashes" is "makkot," which implies a physical blow or strike. Historically, this limit was established to prevent excessive punishment and to maintain human dignity. The number forty is significant in the Bible, often symbolizing a period of testing or judgment, as seen in the forty years of Israel's wandering in the desert. The Apostle Paul references this practice in 2 Corinthians 11:24, where he mentions receiving "forty lashes minus one," indicating the Jewish practice of administering only thirty-nine lashes to avoid accidentally exceeding the law's limit. This reflects a deep respect for the law and the value of mercy within justice.

lest your brother be beaten any more than that
The term "brother" here is significant, emphasizing the communal and familial relationship among the Israelites. The Hebrew word "ach" denotes a close kinship, reminding the Israelites that even when administering justice, they are dealing with a fellow member of God's covenant community. This phrase underscores the importance of compassion and restraint in justice. The law aims to correct, not to destroy, and recognizes the inherent dignity of every individual as created in the image of God. This principle is echoed in the New Testament, where believers are encouraged to restore one another gently (Galatians 6:1).

and be degraded in your sight
The word "degraded" translates from the Hebrew "qalal," meaning to be made light or insignificant. This reflects a concern for the person's dignity and social standing. The law seeks to prevent the punishment from becoming a public spectacle that strips the individual of their worth and honor. In a broader biblical context, this aligns with the teaching that all humans bear the image of God (Genesis 1:27) and should be treated with respect and dignity. The community is reminded that justice should not lead to humiliation but should aim for restoration and reconciliation. This principle is foundational in Christian ethics, where love and respect for one's neighbor are paramount (Matthew 22:39).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
He may receive
יַכֶּ֖נּוּ (yak·ken·nū)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5221: To strike

no
לֹ֣א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

more
יֹסִ֑יף (yō·sîp̄)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3254: To add, augment

than forty {lashes},
אַרְבָּעִ֥ים (’ar·bā·‘îm)
Number - common plural
Strong's 705: Forty

lest
פֶּן־ (pen-)
Conjunction
Strong's 6435: Removal, lest

your brother
אָחִ֖יךָ (’ā·ḥî·ḵā)
Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 251: A brother, )

be beaten
לְהַכֹּת֤וֹ (lə·hak·kō·ṯōw)
Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5221: To strike

any more
יֹסִ֨יף (yō·sîp̄)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3254: To add, augment

than
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

that
אֵ֙לֶּה֙ (’êl·leh)
Pronoun - common plural
Strong's 428: These, those

and be degraded
וְנִקְלָ֥ה (wə·niq·lāh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7034: To be lightly esteemed or dishonored

in your sight.
לְעֵינֶֽיךָ׃ (lə·‘ê·ne·ḵā)
Preposition-l | Noun - cdc | second person masculine singular
Strong's 5869: An eye, a fountain


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OT Law: Deuteronomy 25:3 Forty stripes he may give him he (Deut. De Du)
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