2 Samuel 4:12
New International Version
So David gave an order to his men, and they killed them. They cut off their hands and feet and hung the bodies by the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-Bosheth and buried it in Abner’s tomb at Hebron.

New Living Translation
So David ordered his young men to kill them, and they did. They cut off their hands and feet and hung their bodies beside the pool in Hebron. Then they took Ishbosheth’s head and buried it in Abner’s tomb in Hebron.

English Standard Version
And David commanded his young men, and they killed them and cut off their hands and feet and hanged them beside the pool at Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-bosheth and buried it in the tomb of Abner at Hebron.

Berean Standard Bible
So David commanded his young men, and they killed Rechab and Baanah. They cut off their hands and feet and hung their bodies by the pool in Hebron, but they took the head of Ish-bosheth and buried it in Abner’s tomb in Hebron.

King James Bible
And David commanded his young men, and they slew them, and cut off their hands and their feet, and hanged them up over the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ishbosheth, and buried it in the sepulchre of Abner in Hebron.

New King James Version
So David commanded his young men, and they executed them, cut off their hands and feet, and hanged them by the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ishbosheth and buried it in the tomb of Abner in Hebron.

New American Standard Bible
Then David commanded the young men, and they killed them and cut off their hands and feet, and hung them up beside the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-bosheth and buried it in the grave of Abner in Hebron.

NASB 1995
Then David commanded the young men, and they killed them and cut off their hands and feet and hung them up beside the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-bosheth and buried it in the grave of Abner in Hebron.

NASB 1977
Then David commanded the young men, and they killed them and cut off their hands and feet, and hung them up beside the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-bosheth and buried it in the grave of Abner in Hebron.

Legacy Standard Bible
Then David commanded the young men, and they killed them and cut off their hands and feet and hung them up beside the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-bosheth and buried it in the grave of Abner in Hebron.

Amplified Bible
So David commanded his young men, and they killed them and cut off their hands and feet and hung them beside the pool in Hebron. But they took Ish-bosheth’s head and buried it in Hebron in the tomb of Abner [his relative].

Christian Standard Bible
So David gave orders to the young men, and they killed Rechab and Baanah. They cut off their hands and feet and hung their bodies by the pool in Hebron, but they took Ish-bosheth’s head and buried it in Abner’s tomb in Hebron.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
So David gave orders to the young men, and they killed Rechab and Baanah. They cut off their hands and feet and hung their bodies by the pool in Hebron, but they took Ish-bosheth’s head and buried it in Abner’s tomb in Hebron.

American Standard Version
And David commanded his young men, and they slew them, and cut off their hands and their feet, and hanged them up beside the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-bosheth, and buried it in the grave of Abner in Hebron.

Contemporary English Version
Then David said to his troops, "Kill these two brothers! Cut off their hands and feet and hang their bodies by the pool in Hebron. But bury Ishbosheth's head in Abner's tomb near Hebron." And they did.

English Revised Version
And David commanded his young men, and they slew them, and cut off their hands and their feet, and hanged them up_ beside the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-bosheth, and buried it in the grave of Abner in Hebron.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
So David gave an order to his young men, who executed Rechab and Baanah, cut off their hands and feet, and hung their dead bodies by the pond in Hebron. Then they took Ishbosheth's head and buried it in Abner's tomb in Hebron.

Good News Translation
David gave the order, and his soldiers killed Rechab and Baanah and cut off their hands and feet, which they hung up near the pool in Hebron. They took Ishbosheth's head and buried it in Abner's tomb there at Hebron.

International Standard Version
So David commanded his personal guards, and they killed Rechab and Baanah, cut off their hands and feet, and hung up their bodies beside the pool at Hebron. They took Ish-bosheth's head and buried it in Abner's tomb at Hebron.

Majority Standard Bible
So David commanded his young men, and they killed Rechab and Baanah. They cut off their hands and feet and hung their bodies by the pool in Hebron, but they took the head of Ish-bosheth and buried it in Abner’s tomb in Hebron.

NET Bible
So David issued orders to the soldiers and they put them to death. Then they cut off their hands and feet and hung them near the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-bosheth and buried it in the tomb of Abner in Hebron.

New Heart English Bible
David commanded his young men, and they killed them, and cut off their hands and their feet, and hanged them up beside the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ishbaal, and buried it in the grave of Abner son of Ner.

Webster's Bible Translation
And David commanded his young men, and they slew them, and cut off their hands and their feet, and hanged them over the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-bosheth, and buried it in the sepulcher of Abner in Hebron.

World English Bible
David commanded his young men, and they killed them, cut off their hands and their feet, and hanged them up beside the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ishbosheth and buried it in Abner’s grave in Hebron.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And David commands the young men, and they slay them, and cut off their hands and their feet, and hang [them] over the pool in Hebron, and they have taken the head of Ish-Bosheth, and bury [it] in the burying-place of Abner in Hebron.

Young's Literal Translation
And David commandeth the young men, and they slay them, and cut off their hands and their feet, and hang them over the pool in Hebron, and the head of Ish-Bosheth they have taken, and bury it in the burying-place of Abner in Hebron.

Smith's Literal Translation
And David will command the boys and they will kill them and cut off their hands and their feet, and hang them over the pain Hebron. And the head of Ishbosheth they took and they will bury it in the grave of Abner in Hebron.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And David commanded his servants and they slew them: and cutting off their hands and feet, hanged them up over the pool in Hebron: but the head of Isboseth they took and buried in the sepulchre of Abner in Hebron.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And so, David commanded his servants, and they put them to death. And cutting off their hands and feet, they suspended them up over the pool in Hebron. But the head of Ishbosheth they took and buried in the sepulcher of Abner at Hebron.

New American Bible
So at David’s command, the young men killed them and cut off their hands and feet, hanging them up near the pool in Hebron. But he took the head of Ishbaal and buried it in Abner’s grave in Hebron.

New Revised Standard Version
So David commanded the young men, and they killed them; they cut off their hands and feet, and hung their bodies beside the pool at Hebron. But the head of Ishbaal they took and buried in the tomb of Abner at Hebron.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And David commanded his young men, and they slew them, and cut off their hands and their feet, and hanged them on the hill in Hebron. But they took the head of Ashbashul and buried it in the sepulchre of Abner in Hebron.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And David sent for the young men and they killed them and they cut off their hands and their feet, and they hanged on the Hill in Khebruun, and they took the head of Ashbashul and they buried it in the tomb of Abnir in Khebruun
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And David commanded his young men, and they slew them, and cut off their hands and their feet, and hanged them up beside the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-bosheth, and buried it in the grave of Abner in Hebron.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And David commanded his young men, and they slay them, and cut off their hands and their feet; and they hung them up at the fountain in Chebron: and they buried the head of Jebosthe in the tomb of Abenezer the son of Ner.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
David Kills the Murderers
11How much more, when wicked men kill a righteous man in his own house and on his own bed, shall I not now require his blood from your hands and remove you from the earth!” 12So David commanded his young men, and they killed Rechab and Baanah. They cut off their hands and feet and hung their bodies by the pool in Hebron, but they took the head of Ish-bosheth and buried it in Abner’s tomb in Hebron.

Cross References
Genesis 9:6
Whoever sheds the blood of man, by man his blood will be shed; for in His own image God has made mankind.

Numbers 35:33
Do not pollute the land where you live, for bloodshed pollutes the land, and no atonement can be made for the land on which the blood is shed, except by the blood of the one who shed it.

Deuteronomy 19:10-13
Thus innocent blood will not be shed in the land that the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, so that you will not be guilty of bloodshed. / If, however, a man hates his neighbor and lies in wait, attacks him and kills him, and then flees to one of these cities, / the elders of his city must send for him, bring him back, and hand him over to the avenger of blood to die. ...

1 Kings 2:5-6
Moreover, you know what Joab son of Zeruiah did to me—what he did to Abner son of Ner and Amasa son of Jether, the two commanders of the armies of Israel. He killed them in peacetime to avenge the blood of war. He stained with the blood of war the belt around his waist and the sandals on his feet. / So act according to your wisdom, and do not let his gray head go down to Sheol in peace.

1 Kings 2:31-34
And the king replied, “Do just as he says. Strike him down and bury him, and so remove from me and from the house of my father the innocent blood that Joab shed. / The LORD will bring his bloodshed back upon his own head, for without the knowledge of my father David he struck down two men more righteous and better than he when he put to the sword Abner son of Ner, commander of Israel’s army, and Amasa son of Jether, commander of Judah’s army. / Their blood will come back upon the heads of Joab and his descendants forever; but for David, his descendants, his house, and his throne, there shall be peace from the LORD forever.” ...

2 Samuel 1:15-16
Then David summoned one of the young men and said, “Go, execute him!” So the young man struck him down, and he died. / For David had said to the Amalekite, “Your blood be on your own head because your own mouth has testified against you, saying, ‘I killed the LORD’s anointed.’”

2 Samuel 3:29
May it whirl over the head of Joab and over the entire house of his father, and may the house of Joab never be without one having a discharge or skin disease, or one who leans on a staff or falls by the sword or lacks food.”

2 Samuel 12:9-10
Why then have you despised the command of the LORD by doing evil in His sight? You put Uriah the Hittite to the sword and took his wife as your own. You have slain him with the sword of the Ammonites. / Now, therefore, the sword will never depart from your house, because you have despised Me and have taken the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be your own.’

2 Samuel 21:1-9
During the reign of David there was a famine for three successive years, and David sought the face of the LORD. And the LORD said, “It is because of the blood shed by Saul and his family, because he killed the Gibeonites.” / At this, David summoned the Gibeonites and spoke to them. (Now the Gibeonites were not Israelites, but a remnant of the Amorites. The Israelites had taken an oath concerning them, but in his zeal for Israel and Judah, Saul had sought to kill them.) / So David asked the Gibeonites, “What shall I do for you? How can I make amends so that you may bless the inheritance of the LORD?” ...

1 Samuel 15:33
But Samuel declared: “As your sword has made women childless, so your mother will be childless among women.” And Samuel hacked Agag to pieces before the LORD at Gilgal.

Proverbs 6:17
haughty eyes, a lying tongue, hands that shed innocent blood,

Matthew 26:52
“Put your sword back in its place,” Jesus said to him. “For all who draw the sword will die by the sword.

Romans 13:4
For he is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not carry the sword in vain. He is God’s servant, an agent of retribution to the wrongdoer.

Revelation 13:10
“If anyone is destined for captivity, into captivity he will go; if anyone is to die by the sword, by the sword he must be killed.” Here is a call for the perseverance and faith of the saints.

Matthew 5:21-22
You have heard that it was said to the ancients, ‘Do not murder’ and ‘Anyone who murders will be subject to judgment.’ / But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to his brother, ‘Raca,’ will be subject to the Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be subject to the fire of hell.


Treasury of Scripture

And David commanded his young men, and they slew them, and cut off their hands and their feet, and hanged them up over the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ishbosheth, and buried it in the sepulcher of Abner in Hebron.

slew them

2 Samuel 1:15
And David called one of the young men, and said, Go near, and fall upon him. And he smote him that he died.

Psalm 55:23
But thou, O God, shalt bring them down into the pit of destruction: bloody and deceitful men shall not live out half their days; but I will trust in thee.

Matthew 7:2
For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again.

hanged

2 Samuel 21:9
And he delivered them into the hands of the Gibeonites, and they hanged them in the hill before the LORD: and they fell all seven together, and were put to death in the days of harvest, in the first days, in the beginning of barley harvest.

Deuteronomy 21:22,23
And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be to be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree: …

in the sepulchre

2 Samuel 3:32
And they buried Abner in Hebron: and the king lifted up his voice, and wept at the grave of Abner; and all the people wept.

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Abner Buried Commanded Cut David Feet Grave Hands Hanged Head Hebron Hung Ishbosheth Ish-Bosheth Killed Pool Sepulcher Sepulchre Slew Young
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Abner Buried Commanded Cut David Feet Grave Hands Hanged Head Hebron Hung Ishbosheth Ish-Bosheth Killed Pool Sepulcher Sepulchre Slew Young
2 Samuel 4
1. The Israelites being troubled at the death of Abner
2. Baanah and Rechab slay Ish-Bosheth, and bring his head to Hebron
9. David causes them to be slain, and Ish-Bosheth's head to be buried.














So David commanded his young men
The phrase highlights David's authority and leadership. In the Hebrew context, the word for "commanded" (צִוָּה, tzivah) implies a direct order, reflecting David's decisive action in response to the murder of Ish-bosheth. David's "young men" (נְעָרִים, ne'arim) were likely his loyal followers or soldiers, emphasizing the trust and obedience within his ranks. This action underscores David's commitment to justice and the rule of law, even against those who might have thought they were doing him a favor.

and they killed them
This phrase indicates the execution of Rechab and Baanah, the murderers of Ish-bosheth. The Hebrew verb used here (וַיַּכּוּם, vayakkum) is often associated with striking down or smiting, suggesting a swift and decisive act. David's decision to have them killed reflects the biblical principle of justice, where murder is met with capital punishment, aligning with the law given in Genesis 9:6, "Whoever sheds the blood of man, by man shall his blood be shed."

cut off their hands and feet
The cutting off of hands and feet was a severe punishment meant to disgrace and serve as a public deterrent. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, such mutilation was a common practice for traitors or criminals, symbolizing the removal of their ability to act (hands) and flee (feet). This act by David's men was not only punitive but also symbolic, demonstrating the seriousness of their crime against God's anointed.

and hung their bodies by the pool in Hebron
Hanging the bodies publicly was a further act of disgrace and a warning to others. Hebron, being a significant city in Judah and David's capital at the time, was a strategic location for this display. The pool in Hebron would have been a central and visible place, ensuring that the message of justice was widely seen and understood. This act also aligns with Deuteronomy 21:22-23, where the display of executed criminals served as a deterrent to evil.

But they took the head of Ish-bosheth
The respectful treatment of Ish-bosheth's head contrasts with the punishment of his murderers. Despite Ish-bosheth being a rival king, David's actions show respect for the dignity of the deceased and the office he held. This reflects David's consistent respect for Saul's house, as seen throughout 1 and 2 Samuel, and his understanding of God's sovereignty in appointing leaders.

and buried it in Abner’s tomb in Hebron
The burial of Ish-bosheth's head in Abner's tomb is significant. Abner, Saul's cousin and commander, had been a key figure in supporting Ish-bosheth's reign. By placing Ish-bosheth's head in Abner's tomb, David honors both men, acknowledging their roles and the tragic end of Saul's dynasty. This act of burial in Hebron, a city of refuge and a place of ancestral significance, underscores themes of reconciliation and respect for the dead, even amidst political turmoil.

(12) Over the pool in Hebron.--The mutilation of the bodies of the criminals was itself a disgrace, and the hanging them up near the pool, to which all the people resorted, made this as public as possible and a terrible warning against the commission of such crimes by others. On the other hand, the head of Ish-bosheth was honourably buried in the sepulchre of his chief friend and supporter, Abner.

Verse 12. - They out off their hands and their feet. This was not intended for the purpose of mutilation, but to carry out an Eastern idea of retaliation. The hands were cut off because they had committed the murder; the feet, because they had brought the head to Hebron. Still, David was violating the spirit of the Mosaic Law. It ordered that the body of a man who had been put to death should be buried the same day (Deuteronomy 21:23). In the face of this humane enactment, it is wonderful that the laws of Christian countries should have allowed the mutilation of the bodies of traitors, and the hanging on gibbets of criminals convicted of smaller crimes. Remembering, therefore, the customs of our fathers, we must not blame David much for suspending the bands and feet of these murderers at the pool of Hebron, that all, when coming for water, might know of their punishment. The head of Ishbosheth was honourably buried in Abner's grave (see 2 Samuel 3:32).



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
So David
דָּוִ֨ד (dā·wiḏ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1732: David -- perhaps 'beloved one', a son of Jesse

commanded
וַיְצַו֩ (way·ṣaw)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6680: To lay charge (upon), give charge (to), command, order

his young men,
הַנְּעָרִ֜ים (han·nə·‘ā·rîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 5288: A boy, lad, youth, retainer

and they killed [Rechab and Baanah].
וַיַּהַרְג֗וּם (way·ya·har·ḡūm)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural | third person masculine plural
Strong's 2026: To smite with deadly intent

They cut off
וַֽיְקַצְּצ֤וּ (way·qaṣ·ṣə·ṣū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 7112: To chop off

their hands
יְדֵיהֶם֙ (yə·ḏê·hem)
Noun - fdc | third person masculine plural
Strong's 3027: A hand

and feet
רַגְלֵיהֶ֔ם (raḡ·lê·hem)
Noun - fdc | third person masculine plural
Strong's 7272: A foot, a step, the pudenda

and hung
וַיִּתְל֥וּ (way·yiṯ·lū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 8518: To suspend

their bodies by
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

the pool
הַבְּרֵכָ֖ה (hab·bə·rê·ḵāh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 1295: A pool, pond

in Hebron,
בְּחֶבְר֑וֹן (bə·ḥeḇ·rō·wn)
Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 2275: Hebron -- 'association, league', a city in southern Judah

but they took
לָקָ֔חוּ (lā·qā·ḥū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 3947: To take

the head
רֹ֤אשׁ (rōš)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7218: The head

of Ish-bosheth
בֹּ֙שֶׁת֙ (bō·šeṯ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 378: Ish-bosheth -- 'man of shame', a son of Saul and king of Israel

and buried
וַיִּקְבְּר֥וּ (way·yiq·bə·rū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 6912: To inter

it in Abner’s
אַבְנֵ֖ר (’aḇ·nêr)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 74: Abner -- 'my father is a lamp', an Israelite name

tomb
בְקֶֽבֶר־ (ḇə·qe·ḇer-)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 6913: A grave, sepulcher

in Hebron.
בְּחֶבְרֽוֹן׃ (bə·ḥeḇ·rō·wn)
Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 2275: Hebron -- 'association, league', a city in southern Judah


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OT History: 2 Samuel 4:12 David commanded his young men and they (2Sa iiSam 2 Sam ii sam)
2 Samuel 4:11
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