the LORD
The term "LORD" in the Hebrew text is "יהוה" (YHWH), the sacred and personal name of God, often rendered as Yahweh. This name is used to emphasize God's eternal and self-existent nature. In the context of Job, it underscores the personal and covenantal relationship God has with His people. Job's use of this name indicates his recognition of God's ultimate authority and his own position before the Creator. It is a moment of reverence and acknowledgment of God's power and wisdom.

and said
The phrase "and said" (וַיֹּאמַר, vayomer) is a common biblical expression introducing speech. In this context, it signifies the beginning of Job's final words in the book. This is not just a casual conversation; it is a profound declaration following a divine encounter. Job's speech is a response to God's revelation, and it sets the stage for his confession and repentance. It is a moment of clarity and understanding, as Job prepares to articulate his newfound insight into God's nature and his own limitations.

I know
The phrase "I know" in Hebrew is "יָדַעְתִּי" (yada'ti), which conveys a deep, intimate knowledge. In the context of Job, this is not merely intellectual assent but a profound, personal realization. Job's journey through suffering has brought him to a place of deeper understanding and relationship with God. This acknowledgment signifies a shift from questioning to trusting, from confusion to clarity. It reflects a heart that has been humbled and enlightened through divine revelation.

that You can do all things
The Hebrew phrase here, "כָּל-תּוּכָל" (kol tukal), emphasizes God's omnipotence. "All things" encompasses the entirety of creation and the full scope of divine power. This is a declaration of God's unlimited ability to accomplish His purposes. Historically, this acknowledgment would resonate with the ancient Near Eastern understanding of deities, but Job's declaration sets the God of Israel apart as the one true omnipotent being. It is a confession of faith that recognizes no limits to God's power, aligning with the broader biblical narrative of God's sovereignty.

and that no plan of Yours
The word "plan" in Hebrew is "מְזִמָּה" (mezimah), which can also be translated as "purpose" or "design." This term suggests intentionality and wisdom in God's actions. Job is affirming that God's purposes are deliberate and well-conceived. In the scriptural context, this reflects the belief that God's plans are not arbitrary but are rooted in His perfect wisdom and love. This understanding provides comfort and assurance that, despite human suffering and confusion, God's overarching plan is good and just.

can be thwarted
The Hebrew word "יִבָּצֵר" (yibbatzar) means "to be restrained" or "to be hindered." Job is declaring that nothing can obstruct or prevent God's will from being fulfilled. This is a powerful statement of faith in God's ultimate control over all circumstances. In the historical and cultural context of the ancient world, where chaos and disorder were often feared, this assurance of God's unassailable plan would bring profound peace. It echoes the biblical theme that God's purposes will prevail, regardless of human or demonic opposition.

You asked
This phrase indicates a direct communication from God to Job. In the Hebrew text, the verb used here is "שָׁאַל" (sha'al), which means to ask or inquire. This highlights the personal and relational aspect of God's interaction with Job. God is not distant or detached; He engages with Job's questions and struggles. This sets the stage for a deeper understanding of divine wisdom and human limitation.

‘Who is this
This phrase refers to God's earlier challenge to Job, questioning who has obscured His plans without knowledge. The Hebrew word "מִי" (mi) is used for "who," emphasizing the identity and understanding of the one being addressed. It serves as a reminder of the limitations of human understanding when compared to divine omniscience.

who obscures
The word "מַעֲלִים" (ma'alim) in Hebrew means to hide or conceal. This suggests that Job, in his suffering and questioning, has unintentionally clouded the clarity of God's purposes. It is a humbling reminder of how human perspective can sometimes obscure the greater divine plan.

My counsel
The term "עֵצָה" (etsah) refers to God's plans or purposes. In the biblical context, it often denotes divine wisdom and guidance. This phrase underscores the sovereignty and wisdom of God, whose plans are beyond human comprehension. It invites believers to trust in God's perfect counsel, even when it is not fully understood.

without knowledge?
The Hebrew word "דַּעַת" (da'at) means knowledge or understanding. This phrase highlights the theme of human limitation in comprehending divine mysteries. It serves as a call to humility, recognizing that God's ways and thoughts are higher than ours, as echoed in Isaiah 55:8-9.

Surely I spoke
Here, Job acknowledges his previous words. The Hebrew verb "דִּבַּרְתִּי" (dibarti) means to speak or declare. This admission reflects Job's realization of his hasty and uninformed speech about matters beyond his understanding. It is a moment of repentance and humility before God.

of things I did not understand
The phrase captures Job's confession of his limited understanding. The Hebrew root "בִּין" (bin) means to discern or perceive. Job admits that he spoke of things beyond his comprehension, acknowledging the vastness of God's wisdom compared to his own limited insight.

things too wonderful for me to know
The Hebrew word "פָּלָא" (pala) means to be extraordinary or marvelous. This phrase emphasizes the wondrous nature of God's works and plans, which are beyond human understanding. It invites believers to marvel at the greatness of God and to trust in His divine wisdom, even when it surpasses human knowledge.

You said, 'Listen now, and I will speak; I will question you, and you shall inform Me.'
You said
This phrase indicates a direct address to God, acknowledging His authority and the initiation of divine communication. In the Hebrew text, the verb "אמר" (amar) is used, which is a common term for speaking or saying. This highlights the personal and relational aspect of God's interaction with Job. It underscores the importance of listening to God's words, as they are not just commands but a dialogue that invites response and reflection.

Listen now
The Hebrew word for "listen" is "שְׁמַע" (shema), which carries a deeper meaning than just hearing. It implies obedience and understanding. In the context of Job, it is a call to pay attention to God's wisdom and to be receptive to His teaching. This is reminiscent of the Shema in Deuteronomy 6:4, which is a central declaration of faith in Judaism, emphasizing the importance of listening to and obeying God.

and I will speak
Here, God promises to communicate directly with Job. The Hebrew root "דבר" (dabar) is used for "speak," which often conveys the idea of authoritative speech. This phrase reassures Job that God is not silent in his suffering but is actively engaging with him. It reflects the biblical theme that God desires to reveal Himself and His purposes to humanity.

I will question you
The phrase indicates a shift in the dialogue where God takes the role of the questioner. The Hebrew verb "שָׁאַל" (sha'al) means to ask or inquire. This is not merely an interrogation but an invitation for Job to consider his own understanding and limitations. It serves as a reminder of the vastness of God's wisdom compared to human knowledge.

and you shall inform Me
This phrase is somewhat ironic, as it highlights the futility of human attempts to fully comprehend God's ways. The Hebrew verb "יָדַע" (yada) means to know or to inform. In this context, it underscores the lesson that Job, and by extension all believers, must recognize their own limitations and the need for humility before God. It is a call to trust in God's greater wisdom and to submit to His divine plan.

My ears had heard of You
This phrase reflects Job's previous understanding of God, which was based on secondhand knowledge or tradition. The Hebrew word for "heard" is "שָׁמַע" (shama), which implies listening or hearing with attention. Historically, this suggests that Job's knowledge of God was derived from teachings, stories, or the religious culture of his time. In a conservative Christian perspective, this highlights the importance of personal experience with God beyond mere intellectual or traditional knowledge. It underscores the transition from knowing about God to truly knowing Him.

but now
The phrase "but now" indicates a pivotal change or transformation in Job's understanding and relationship with God. It marks a shift from past to present, from indirect knowledge to direct experience. This transition is crucial in the narrative, as it signifies a deeper, more intimate encounter with the divine. In the broader scriptural context, such moments of transformation are often seen as acts of divine revelation or grace, where God intervenes to provide clarity and understanding.

my eyes have seen You
The phrase "my eyes have seen You" signifies a profound, personal encounter with God. The Hebrew word for "seen" is "רָאָה" (ra'ah), which means to see, perceive, or understand. This is not merely a physical sight but a spiritual insight or revelation. In the context of Job's story, this represents a culmination of his trials and sufferings, leading to a direct and personal revelation of God's nature and character. From a conservative Christian perspective, this emphasizes the importance of personal revelation and the transformative power of encountering God directly. It suggests that true understanding of God comes not just through hearing or learning but through personal experience and relationship.

Therefore
The word "therefore" serves as a pivotal transition in Job 42:6, indicating a conclusion or result based on previous discourse. In the context of the Book of Job, this word signifies Job's response to the divine revelations and speeches from God. It marks a turning point where Job acknowledges the vastness of God's wisdom and the limitations of human understanding. The Hebrew root for "therefore" is "עַל־כֵּן" (al-ken), which often introduces a conclusion drawn from preceding arguments or experiences. This highlights the importance of reflection and humility in the face of divine wisdom.

I despise
The phrase "I despise" comes from the Hebrew word "מָאַס" (ma'as), which means to reject or to hold in contempt. In this context, Job is expressing a profound sense of self-repudiation. After encountering God's majesty and realizing his own limitations, Job rejects his previous assertions and complaints. This act of despising is not self-loathing but rather a recognition of his own inadequacy and a turning away from his former stance. It reflects a deep humility and a willingness to submit to God's greater understanding.

myself
The word "myself" in this verse is a translation of the Hebrew "עַל־עָפָר" (al-afar), which literally means "upon dust." This expression is a metaphor for Job's recognition of his own mortality and insignificance in comparison to God's eternal nature. It is a humbling acknowledgment of the human condition, emphasizing the need for reliance on divine wisdom rather than human pride. In the broader biblical context, it echoes the creation narrative where humanity is formed from dust, reminding readers of their origins and dependence on God.

and repent
The term "repent" is derived from the Hebrew "נָחַם" (nacham), which conveys a sense of regret, comfort, or change of mind. In this verse, it signifies Job's transformation in understanding and attitude. Repentance here is not merely about feeling sorry but involves a profound change in perspective and behavior. It is an acknowledgment of error and a commitment to align oneself with God's will. This repentance is a model for believers, illustrating the importance of turning away from self-reliance and towards divine guidance.

in dust and ashes
The phrase "in dust and ashes" is a traditional expression of mourning and penitence in the ancient Near Eastern culture. The Hebrew words "עָפָר וָאֵפֶר" (afar va-efer) symbolize humility and contrition. Dust and ashes are elements associated with mortality and the transient nature of life, serving as a reminder of human frailty. In the context of Job, this imagery underscores his complete submission and recognition of God's sovereignty. It is a powerful visual of repentance, illustrating the depth of Job's transformation and his renewed relationship with God. This act of sitting in dust and ashes is a call for believers to embrace humility and seek reconciliation with God through genuine repentance.

After the LORD had spoken these words to Job
This phrase marks a pivotal moment in the narrative, indicating a transition from divine discourse to divine action. The Hebrew word for "LORD" here is "Yahweh," the covenant name of God, emphasizing His personal relationship with Job. The phrase "spoken these words" refers to the preceding chapters where God addresses Job out of the whirlwind, highlighting His sovereignty and wisdom. This sets the stage for what follows, underscoring that God's communication is both authoritative and transformative.

He said to Eliphaz the Temanite
Eliphaz is identified as a Temanite, linking him to the region of Edom, known for its wise men (Jeremiah 49:7). This geographical and cultural context suggests that Eliphaz, along with his friends, represents human wisdom and understanding, which is about to be corrected by divine insight. The direct address to Eliphaz signifies the beginning of God's rebuke to Job's friends, highlighting the importance of accountability and the consequences of misrepresenting divine truth.

‘My anger burns against you and your two friends
The phrase "My anger burns" uses the Hebrew word "charah," indicating a fierce, consuming anger. This divine displeasure is directed at Eliphaz and his companions for their failure to speak rightly about God. It serves as a sobering reminder of the seriousness with which God views the distortion of His character and the importance of speaking truthfully about Him.

for you have not spoken the truth about Me
Here, the emphasis is on "spoken the truth," which in Hebrew is "dabar emet." This phrase underscores the central theme of the book: the necessity of accurate theology and understanding of God's nature. The friends' speeches, though filled with traditional wisdom, failed to capture the true essence of God's justice and mercy, leading to divine correction.

as My servant Job has
The designation "My servant Job" is significant, as it reinstates Job's integrity and faithfulness despite his earlier questioning and suffering. The term "servant" (Hebrew: "ebed") is a title of honor, used for those who are in a covenant relationship with God. This affirmation of Job contrasts with the rebuke of his friends, highlighting that genuine faith may include wrestling with God, yet still maintaining a posture of reverence and truth.

So now
This phrase marks a pivotal moment of transition and divine instruction. In Hebrew, the word often translated as "now" (עַתָּה, 'attah) signifies an immediate call to action. It underscores the urgency and importance of the directive that follows, emphasizing God's direct intervention and the need for immediate obedience.

take seven bulls and seven rams
The number seven in the Bible often symbolizes completeness or perfection, rooted in the Hebrew word שֶׁבַע (sheva). The use of "seven bulls and seven rams" indicates a complete and perfect offering, reflecting the seriousness of the atonement required. Historically, such offerings were significant in ancient Near Eastern cultures, symbolizing a substantial sacrifice to appease or honor a deity.

go to My servant Job
The designation "My servant Job" is a reaffirmation of Job's righteousness and standing before God. The Hebrew word for servant, עֶבֶד ('eved), implies loyalty and faithfulness. This phrase highlights Job's restored relationship with God and his role as an intercessor, a mediator between God and his friends.

offer a burnt offering for yourselves
A "burnt offering" (עֹלָה, 'olah) in Hebrew tradition was a sacrifice that was completely consumed by fire, symbolizing total surrender and atonement. This act was necessary for Job's friends to seek forgiveness, indicating the gravity of their previous misjudgments and the need for reconciliation with God.

Then My servant Job will pray for you
Prayer, in this context, is an act of intercession. The Hebrew word for pray, פָּלַל (palal), suggests mediation and judgment. Job's role as an intercessor is crucial, as it demonstrates his restored favor with God and the power of righteous prayer to effect change and forgiveness.

for I will accept his prayer
The acceptance of Job's prayer by God signifies divine approval and the efficacy of righteous intercession. The Hebrew root רָצָה (ratsah) conveys the idea of being pleased or satisfied. This acceptance underscores the importance of Job's integrity and the power of a righteous person's prayer.

and not deal with you according to your folly
The term "folly" (נְבָלָה, nebalah) in Hebrew often denotes moral and spiritual foolishness. God's decision not to deal with them according to their folly is an act of mercy, highlighting His willingness to forgive when there is genuine repentance and intercession.

For you have not spoken the truth about Me
This phrase underscores the central issue: the misrepresentation of God's character and purposes. The Hebrew word for truth, אֱמֶת (emet), implies faithfulness and reliability. The friends' failure to speak truthfully about God is a serious offense, as it distorts the understanding of His nature.

as My servant Job has
Reiterating Job's status as "My servant," this phrase contrasts Job's integrity with the folly of his friends. It affirms Job's correct understanding and representation of God's character, despite his suffering and the challenges he faced. This acknowledgment by God serves as a vindication of Job's faithfulness and righteousness.

So Eliphaz the Temanite, Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite
These three names refer to Job's friends who came to comfort him in his suffering. Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar represent different regions and tribes, indicating the widespread nature of Job's account and its impact. Eliphaz is associated with Teman, a region known for wisdom, suggesting his role as the leading voice among the friends. Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite also bring their cultural and philosophical perspectives, reflecting the diverse approaches to understanding suffering and divine justice in the ancient Near East.

went and did as the LORD had told them
This phrase highlights the obedience of Job's friends to God's command. After being rebuked by God for their incorrect assumptions about Job's suffering, they demonstrate humility and submission by following God's instructions. This act of obedience is crucial in the narrative, as it sets the stage for reconciliation and restoration. It underscores the importance of aligning one's actions with divine will, a central theme in the wisdom literature of the Bible.

and the LORD accepted Job’s request
The acceptance of Job's request by the LORD signifies a turning point in the narrative. Job, who had been in a state of suffering and questioning, is now seen as an intercessor for his friends. This reflects the biblical principle of intercessory prayer and the power of righteous individuals to mediate on behalf of others. The Hebrew root for "accepted" conveys a sense of favor and approval, indicating that Job's integrity and faithfulness have been recognized by God. This acceptance also marks the beginning of Job's restoration and the healing of relationships, emphasizing the themes of forgiveness and divine grace.

After Job had prayed for his friends
This phrase marks a pivotal moment in the narrative of Job. The Hebrew root for "prayed" is "palal," which means to intercede or mediate. Job's act of praying for his friends signifies a profound spiritual maturity and obedience to God. Despite the harsh accusations and lack of understanding from his friends, Job rises above personal grievances to intercede on their behalf. This act of forgiveness and intercession is reminiscent of Christ's teachings in the New Testament, where believers are encouraged to pray for those who persecute them (Matthew 5:44). Job's prayer is a demonstration of his restored relationship with God and his willingness to act in love and mercy.

the LORD restored his prosperity
The Hebrew word for "restored" is "shuv," which means to return or bring back. This indicates a divine reversal of Job's fortunes, orchestrated by God Himself. The restoration of Job's prosperity is not merely a return to his former state but an indication of God's abundant grace and blessing. It reflects the biblical principle that God is a restorer and redeemer, who can bring beauty from ashes (Isaiah 61:3). This restoration is a testament to God's faithfulness and His ability to bring about renewal and hope even after periods of intense suffering.

and doubled his former possessions
The doubling of Job's possessions is significant in the context of ancient Near Eastern culture, where wealth was often seen as a sign of divine favor. The Hebrew word for "doubled" is "mishneh," which implies a multiplication or increase. This doubling is not just a material blessing but also a symbol of God's overwhelming generosity and the fulfillment of His promises. It serves as a reminder that God's blessings often exceed our expectations and that He is able to do "immeasurably more than all we ask or imagine" (Ephesians 3:20). This increase also underscores the theme of restoration and hope that runs throughout the book of Job, illustrating that God can bring about a greater good from our trials.

All his brothers and sisters and former acquaintances came to him
This phrase highlights the restoration of Job's social relationships. In the Hebrew context, family and community were central to one's identity and support system. The return of Job's brothers, sisters, and acquaintances signifies a restoration of his honor and status within the community. Historically, this reflects the cultural importance of kinship and social ties in ancient Near Eastern societies. The Hebrew word for "brothers" (אֲחִים, 'achim) and "sisters" (אֲחָיוֹת, 'achayot) emphasizes familial bonds, which were crucial for survival and prosperity.

and dined with him in his house
Dining together in the ancient Near East was a sign of fellowship and reconciliation. Sharing a meal symbolized peace and acceptance. The act of dining in Job's house indicates a renewal of relationships and a communal acknowledgment of Job's restored fortunes. In the Hebrew tradition, hospitality was a sacred duty, and eating together was a profound expression of unity and friendship.

They consoled him and comforted him
The Hebrew words for "consoled" (נִחֲמוּ, nichamu) and "comforted" (וַיְנַחֲמוּ, vayenachamu) suggest a deep, empathetic response to Job's suffering. This reflects the biblical principle of bearing one another's burdens, as seen in Galatians 6:2. The community's response contrasts with their earlier absence, highlighting a transformation in their understanding and compassion.

for all the adversity the LORD had brought upon him
This phrase acknowledges the sovereignty of God in Job's trials. The Hebrew word for "adversity" (רָעָה, ra'ah) can also mean "evil" or "calamity," underscoring the severity of Job's suffering. The acknowledgment that the LORD (יְהוָה, Yahweh) allowed these events reflects a deep theological understanding of God's ultimate control over life's circumstances, a theme central to the book of Job.

And each one gave him a piece of silver and a gold ring
The giving of silver and gold rings signifies a tangible expression of support and restitution. In ancient times, such gifts were symbols of wealth and honor. The Hebrew word for "silver" (כֶּסֶף, kesef) and "gold" (זָהָב, zahav) indicates valuable resources, suggesting that Job's friends and family were contributing to his material restoration. This act of generosity reflects the biblical principle of restoring and blessing those who have suffered, as seen in Proverbs 11:25.

So the LORD blessed the latter days of Job more than his first
So the LORD
The phrase begins with "So," indicating a conclusion or result of previous events. "The LORD" refers to Yahweh, the covenant name of God, emphasizing His personal and relational nature. In the Hebrew text, "Yahweh" is used, which is the sacred and personal name of God, highlighting His sovereignty and faithfulness. This sets the stage for understanding that what follows is a direct act of divine intervention and blessing.

blessed
The Hebrew word for "blessed" is "בָּרַךְ" (barak), which means to endow with favor or to confer prosperity. In the context of Job, this blessing is a divine restoration and enhancement of Job's life. It signifies not just material wealth but also spiritual and relational restoration. The use of "blessed" here underscores the theme of divine recompense and grace, as God restores Job's fortunes beyond his previous state.

the latter days
This phrase refers to the period after Job's trials and suffering. In Hebrew, "אַחֲרִית" (acharit) is used, which can mean the end or the future. It suggests a culmination or fulfillment of Job's life journey. Theologically, it points to the hope and promise of restoration and blessing that God provides to those who remain faithful, even through suffering.

of Job
Job, whose name in Hebrew is "אִיּוֹב" (Iyyov), is central to this narrative. His account is one of immense suffering, patience, and eventual restoration. The mention of his name here personalizes the blessing, emphasizing that it is Job, the righteous sufferer, who is being restored. It serves as a testament to his faith and integrity throughout his trials.

more than his first
This phrase highlights the extent of God's blessing. The Hebrew word "מִן" (min) is used for "more than," indicating a comparison. Job's latter state is not just a return to his former prosperity but an increase beyond it. This reflects the biblical principle that God can restore and multiply what was lost, often in greater measure than before. It serves as an encouragement that faithfulness and endurance through trials can lead to greater blessings and fulfillment in God's timing.

He also had
This phrase indicates a continuation or restoration of Job's blessings. After enduring immense suffering and loss, Job's life is being renewed by God. The Hebrew root for "had" (הָיָה, hayah) implies existence or becoming, suggesting that Job's family is not just a replacement but a new beginning, a testament to God's faithfulness and restorative power.

seven sons
The number seven in the Bible often symbolizes completeness or perfection. In the context of Job's restoration, having "seven sons" signifies a full and perfect blessing from God. This is not merely a numerical replacement for his lost children but a divine statement of wholeness and divine favor. Historically, sons were seen as a source of strength and legacy, and having seven sons would have been considered a great blessing and a sign of God's abundant provision.

and three daughters
The inclusion of "three daughters" is significant, as daughters are specifically mentioned and named later in the chapter, highlighting their importance. The number three often represents divine completeness or the Trinity in Christian theology. In a patriarchal society, the mention of daughters, especially by name, underscores their value and the completeness of Job's restored family. This reflects a broader biblical theme of God's care and provision for all His children, regardless of gender.

He named
The act of naming in the ancient Near Eastern context was significant, often reflecting character, destiny, or circumstances surrounding birth. In the Hebrew tradition, names were not merely labels but carried deep meanings and implications. Job's act of naming his daughters signifies a restoration of his authority and a new beginning after his trials. It reflects a return to normalcy and blessing, as naming is an act of creation and identity.

the first Jemimah
The name "Jemimah" is derived from the Hebrew root "yom," meaning "day." It suggests brightness or beauty, akin to the dawn. In the context of Job's restoration, Jemimah symbolizes a new day or a fresh start, highlighting the renewal of Job's fortunes and the beauty that follows suffering. Her name is a testament to the hope and light that emerge after a period of darkness.

the second Keziah
"Keziah" comes from the Hebrew "qetzi'ah," referring to the cassia plant, known for its fragrant bark. Cassia was a valuable spice, often used in anointing oils and perfumes, symbolizing wealth and abundance. Naming his daughter Keziah indicates the richness and prosperity that have returned to Job's life. It also reflects the sweet aroma of a life restored and the blessings that God has poured out upon him.

and the third Keren-happuch
The name "Keren-happuch" translates to "horn of antimony," a black cosmetic powder used in the ancient world for beautification, particularly around the eyes. This name suggests beauty and adornment, emphasizing the transformation from ashes to beauty in Job's life. The "horn" signifies strength and power, while "antimony" represents enhancement and attractiveness. Together, they symbolize the strength and beauty that God has restored to Job, both in his family and his personal life.

No women as beautiful as Job’s daughters
This phrase highlights the extraordinary beauty of Job's daughters, which is emphasized as unparalleled in "all the land." The Hebrew word for "beautiful" here is "יָפֶה" (yafeh), which conveys not only physical attractiveness but also a sense of grace and favor. In the ancient Near Eastern context, beauty was often seen as a sign of divine blessing. The mention of their beauty underscores the restoration and blessing that God bestowed upon Job after his trials, reflecting a return to favor and abundance.

could be found in all the land
The phrase "in all the land" suggests a comprehensive scope, indicating that Job's daughters' beauty was recognized far and wide. This hyperbolic expression serves to emphasize the extent of God's blessing upon Job's family. In the cultural and historical context, such a statement would have been significant, as it implies a level of renown and honor that transcends local boundaries, suggesting that God's restoration of Job was complete and public.

and their father granted them an inheritance among their brothers
This phrase is particularly noteworthy in the historical and cultural context of the ancient Near East, where inheritance typically passed through male descendants. The Hebrew word for "inheritance" is "נַחֲלָה" (nachalah), which refers to a portion or share of property. By granting his daughters an inheritance "among their brothers," Job breaks with tradition, highlighting the radical nature of his actions. This act can be seen as a reflection of the equitable and just character of God, who values all His children equally. It also prefigures the New Testament teaching of equality in Christ, as seen in Galatians 3:28, where there is neither male nor female in the body of Christ. This decision by Job underscores the theme of restoration and justice that permeates the conclusion of the Book of Job, illustrating a return to divine order and blessing.

After this
This phrase marks a significant transition in Job's life, indicating a new chapter following his intense trials and suffering. The Hebrew word "אַחַר" (achar) suggests a sequence of events, emphasizing that Job's restoration and blessings came after his period of testing. This serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness and the hope of restoration after trials, a theme prevalent throughout Scripture.

Job lived 140 years
The longevity of Job's life is noteworthy, especially in the context of ancient times. The number 140 is significant, as it implies a full and blessed life. In the Hebrew culture, long life was often seen as a sign of God's favor and blessing. This phrase underscores the completeness of Job's restoration, not only spiritually and materially but also in terms of his lifespan.

and saw his children
The ability to see one's children is a profound blessing in the biblical context. The Hebrew verb "רָאָה" (ra'ah) means to see or perceive, indicating not just physical sight but also understanding and experiencing. Job's ability to see his children signifies the restoration of his family and the continuation of his lineage, which was a critical aspect of blessing in the Old Testament.

and their children
This phrase extends the blessing to Job's grandchildren, highlighting the generational impact of God's restoration. The Hebrew culture placed great importance on family and descendants, and seeing one's grandchildren was considered a great joy and a sign of God's enduring favor.

to the fourth generation
The mention of the "fourth generation" is significant in biblical terms, as it represents a complete and full generational cycle. In Hebrew, the word "דּוֹר" (dor) means generation, and reaching the fourth generation implies a legacy of faith and blessing. This phrase emphasizes the depth and breadth of Job's restoration, as his influence and blessing extended far beyond his immediate family, impacting future generations.

And so Job died
The phrase "And so Job died" marks the conclusion of Job's earthly journey. The Hebrew word for "died" is "mût," which is a common term used throughout the Old Testament to denote physical death. This phrase signifies the end of Job's trials and the completion of his life story. In the context of the Book of Job, his death is not a tragic end but a peaceful conclusion to a life of faithfulness and endurance. Job's death is a testament to the natural order of life and the fulfillment of God's promise of restoration and blessing after his immense suffering. It reflects the biblical theme that life on earth is temporary, and the ultimate hope lies in the eternal life promised by God.

old
The word "old" in Hebrew is "zāqēn," which implies not just advanced age but also wisdom and honor. In ancient Near Eastern culture, old age was often associated with divine favor and respect. Job's old age is a sign of God's blessing and a reward for his righteousness and perseverance. It suggests that Job lived a full life, experiencing the richness of God's grace and the restoration of his fortunes. This aligns with the biblical principle that those who remain faithful to God will be rewarded, as seen in Proverbs 16:31, "Gray hair is a crown of glory; it is gained in a righteous life."

and full of years
The phrase "full of years" is translated from the Hebrew "śābēaʿ yāmîm," which conveys the idea of a life that is complete and satisfying. It suggests that Job's life was not only long but also fulfilling and abundant in experiences and blessings. This expression is often used in the Old Testament to describe the deaths of patriarchs like Abraham and Isaac, indicating a life well-lived under God's providence. Job's life, despite its trials, ended in a state of contentment and peace, reflecting the biblical assurance that God restores and blesses those who are faithful. This phrase serves as an encouragement to believers that, regardless of life's challenges, a life dedicated to God will ultimately be rewarding and complete.