Then
The word "Then" indicates a continuation or a sequence of events. In the context of Jeremiah, it suggests that this message from God follows previous revelations or actions. It implies a divine timing and order, emphasizing that God's messages are purposeful and timely. Historically, Jeremiah's ministry was marked by a series of divine communications, each building upon the last to guide, warn, or instruct the people of Judah.

the word
In Hebrew, "word" is "dabar," which can mean a spoken word, a matter, or a thing. In the prophetic context, it signifies a divine message or revelation. The "word" of the LORD is not merely a sound or a collection of letters; it is a powerful, living, and active force that accomplishes God's purposes. It reflects the authority and sovereignty of God, who speaks creation into existence and whose words never return void.

of the LORD
The term "LORD" is translated from the Hebrew "YHWH," the sacred and personal name of God. It denotes His eternal, self-existent nature and His covenant relationship with Israel. The use of "LORD" here underscores the divine origin of the message and the authority behind it. It is a reminder of God's faithfulness and His role as the ultimate ruler and judge.

came
The word "came" suggests movement and initiative from God towards Jeremiah. It indicates that the message was not sought out by Jeremiah but was delivered to him by divine will. This reflects the prophetic experience where God actively communicates His will to His chosen messengers. It highlights the grace of God in revealing His plans and purposes to humanity.

to me
"To me" personalizes the message, indicating that Jeremiah is the recipient of God's word. It emphasizes the intimate relationship between God and His prophet. Jeremiah is chosen and set apart to receive and convey God's messages. This personal address also underscores the responsibility and burden placed upon Jeremiah as God's spokesperson.

saying
The word "saying" introduces the content of the divine message. It prepares the reader for the specific instructions or revelations that follow. In the prophetic literature, "saying" often precedes a direct quotation from God, highlighting the importance and immediacy of the message. It serves as a transition from the introduction to the substance of God's communication.

You must not marry
The Hebrew root for "marry" is "לָקַח" (laqach), which means to take or to receive. In the context of ancient Israel, marriage was not only a personal union but also a communal and covenantal act. By instructing Jeremiah not to marry, God is making a profound statement about the impending judgment on Judah. Marriage, a symbol of hope and continuity, is denied to Jeremiah, highlighting the severity of the coming desolation. This command underscores the urgency and seriousness of the prophetic message, as marriage and family life would be disrupted by the forthcoming calamities.

or have sons or daughters
The phrase "sons or daughters" emphasizes the generational impact of the judgment. In Hebrew culture, children were seen as a blessing and a continuation of one's lineage and legacy. The absence of offspring signifies a break in the continuity of life and heritage. This command to Jeremiah serves as a prophetic sign to the people of Judah that the future they hoped for would be cut off due to their disobedience. It is a stark reminder of the consequences of turning away from God's covenant, as the very fabric of family and society would be torn apart.

in this place
The phrase "in this place" refers specifically to the land of Judah, which was under imminent threat of destruction due to the people's persistent idolatry and rebellion against God. The land, once promised to the ancestors as a place of blessing and prosperity, had become a place of impending judgment. This geographical reference serves as a poignant reminder of the covenantal relationship between God and His people, and how their unfaithfulness has led to the loss of divine protection and favor. The specificity of "this place" underscores the localized nature of the judgment, yet it also serves as a universal warning to all who would turn away from God's commands.

For this is what the LORD says
This phrase introduces a divine pronouncement, emphasizing the authority and sovereignty of God. The Hebrew term for "LORD" is "YHWH," the sacred and personal name of God, which underscores His covenant relationship with Israel. This introduction signals the seriousness and divine origin of the message, reminding the audience that the words are not Jeremiah's own but are directly from God.

about the sons and daughters born in this land
The focus here is on the future generations, the "sons and daughters," highlighting the continuity of life and the natural expectation of growth and prosperity. However, the context suggests a foreboding message. The phrase "in this land" refers to the land of Judah, which is under divine judgment due to the people's persistent disobedience. The Hebrew word for "land" is "eretz," often used to denote not just physical territory but also the cultural and spiritual state of the people.

and about the mothers who bear them
This phrase draws attention to the mothers, the bearers of life, emphasizing the natural role of women in nurturing and sustaining future generations. The Hebrew word for "mothers" is "imahot," which carries connotations of care and protection. However, in the context of impending judgment, this natural role is overshadowed by the looming consequences of the nation's sins.

and the fathers who beget them
The mention of "fathers" highlights the patriarchal structure of ancient Israelite society, where fathers were seen as providers and protectors. The Hebrew term "avot" for "fathers" signifies authority and responsibility. In this context, it underscores the failure of the leaders and heads of families to guide their households in righteousness, contributing to the nation's downfall.

in this land
Reiterating "in this land" serves to anchor the prophecy in a specific geographical and cultural context. It is a reminder of the covenantal promises tied to the land of Israel, which are now in jeopardy due to the people's unfaithfulness. The repetition emphasizes the gravity of the situation and the direct impact of divine judgment on the very fabric of society.

They will die of deadly diseases
The phrase "deadly diseases" in Hebrew is "מָוֶת תַּחֲלוּאִים" (mavet tachalu'im), which can be translated as "deaths of sicknesses." This indicates a divine judgment where God allows pestilence to sweep through the land. Historically, diseases were often seen as a direct punishment from God for the people's disobedience. In the context of Jeremiah, this reflects the severity of God's judgment on Judah for their idolatry and rebellion. The use of "deadly" underscores the inevitability and seriousness of the consequences of turning away from God.

They will not be mourned or buried
In ancient Near Eastern culture, proper burial and mourning were essential practices that honored the deceased and provided closure for the living. The absence of mourning or burial signifies a complete societal breakdown and a profound disgrace. This phrase highlights the depth of the calamity that will befall the people, as the normal customs of respect and remembrance are abandoned. It serves as a stark warning of the desolation that sin brings, emphasizing the importance of repentance and obedience to God.

they will be like dung lying on the ground
The comparison to "dung" (Hebrew: "גֵּלָל" - gelal) is a vivid image of worthlessness and defilement. In the agrarian society of ancient Israel, dung was a common sight but was considered unclean and something to be avoided. This metaphor illustrates the utter contempt and disregard that will be shown to the people as a result of their sin. It serves as a powerful reminder of the consequences of forsaking God, where once-valued lives become as refuse.

They will be finished off by the sword and famine
The "sword" and "famine" are frequent instruments of divine judgment in the Old Testament. The sword represents war and violence, while famine signifies scarcity and suffering. Together, they depict a comprehensive destruction that leaves no escape. Historically, these were real threats faced by nations, often seen as God's tools to bring about repentance. This phrase underscores the totality of the judgment and the urgency for the people to return to God.

and their corpses will become food for the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth
This imagery of unburied bodies being consumed by scavengers is a common biblical motif symbolizing utter defeat and humiliation. In Deuteronomy 28:26, this is listed as a curse for disobedience. The lack of burial rites and the exposure of bodies to animals reflect a complete reversal of the natural order and divine blessing. It serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of sin and the importance of living in accordance with God's will. This phrase calls believers to reflect on the sanctity of life and the need for a righteous relationship with God.

For this is what the LORD says
This phrase introduces a direct message from God, emphasizing the divine authority and seriousness of the forthcoming words. In Hebrew, "LORD" is "YHWH," the sacred name of God, which underscores His eternal and unchanging nature. This introduction sets the stage for a solemn pronouncement, reminding the reader of the prophetic role of Jeremiah as a mouthpiece for God.

Do not enter a house where there is a funeral meal
The instruction not to enter a house of mourning is significant. In ancient Israel, funeral meals were part of mourning customs, symbolizing community support and shared grief. By commanding Jeremiah to abstain, God is indicating a withdrawal of His comfort and presence from the people due to their persistent disobedience. This act serves as a powerful symbol of divine judgment and the severity of the people's spiritual state.

Do not go to mourn or show sympathy
Mourning and showing sympathy were important cultural practices, reflecting compassion and solidarity. The Hebrew words for "mourn" and "sympathy" convey deep emotional engagement and support. God's command to refrain from these acts highlights the gravity of the situation; it is a divine statement that the time for intercession and compassion has passed, and judgment is imminent.

because I have withdrawn My blessing
The withdrawal of God's blessing is a profound statement of divine displeasure. In the Hebrew context, "blessing" (ברכה, "berakah") encompasses prosperity, protection, and favor. God's removal of His blessing signifies a complete reversal of fortune for the people, indicating that their actions have led to a severance of the covenant relationship.

My love and My compassion from this people
The mention of "love" (חסד, "chesed") and "compassion" (רחמים, "rachamim") reflects God's deep, covenantal commitment to His people. These terms are rich in meaning, denoting steadfast love and mercy. Their withdrawal is a stark indication of the people's breach of covenant and the resulting divine judgment. It serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of turning away from God.

Both great and small
This phrase emphasizes the universality of the coming judgment. In the Hebrew text, the words "gadol" (great) and "qatan" (small) are used, indicating that no social or economic status will exempt anyone from the consequences of their actions. Historically, this reflects the societal structure of ancient Judah, where both the elite and the common people were subject to the same divine laws and expectations. The message is clear: God's judgment is impartial and all-encompassing.

will die in this land
The phrase underscores the certainty and inevitability of the prophesied disaster. The Hebrew word "muth" (to die) is used here, which is a stark reminder of the mortality and the consequences of sin. The land, "eretz," refers specifically to the land of Judah, which was under threat due to the people's disobedience. This serves as a sobering reminder of the covenant relationship between God and His people, where the land itself is a significant element of the promise and the judgment.

They will not be buried
In ancient Near Eastern cultures, burial was a significant rite, and to be denied burial was considered a great dishonor. The Hebrew word "qabar" (to bury) is used here, highlighting the severity of the judgment. This lack of burial signifies not only physical death but also a spiritual and communal disgrace. It reflects the complete breakdown of societal norms and the devastating impact of divine judgment.

and no one will mourn for them
Mourning was an essential part of the grieving process in ancient Israel, often involving specific rituals and expressions of sorrow. The Hebrew word "saphad" (to mourn) indicates a deep, communal lamentation. The absence of mourning signifies a profound desolation and a community so overwhelmed by loss that traditional expressions of grief are abandoned. This highlights the depth of the calamity and the isolation that sin brings.

nor cut themselves
This phrase refers to a pagan mourning practice that was forbidden in Israelite law (Leviticus 19:28). The Hebrew word "sarath" (to cut) is used, indicating a physical act of mourning that was common among surrounding nations but prohibited for God's people. This prohibition underscores the call for Israel to remain distinct and holy, even in their expressions of grief, and serves as a reminder of the importance of adhering to God's commands.

or shave their heads for them
Shaving the head was another mourning practice, often associated with deep sorrow or repentance. The Hebrew word "galach" (to shave) is used here. This act, like cutting oneself, was a common cultural expression of mourning but was not part of the prescribed Israelite mourning customs. The absence of such practices in this context highlights the totality of the judgment and the abandonment of cultural norms in the face of overwhelming disaster. It serves as a call to return to God and His ways, even in times of grief.

No food will be offered
In the Hebrew context, the phrase refers to the traditional practice of providing meals to those in mourning. This custom, known as the "meal of consolation," was a significant part of Jewish mourning rituals. The absence of such offerings signifies a profound disruption in societal norms and communal support, highlighting the severity of God's judgment upon the people. It underscores the depth of desolation and the breaking of community bonds that would typically offer solace during times of grief.

to comfort those who mourn the dead
Mourning the dead was a deeply ingrained cultural and religious practice in ancient Israel. The Hebrew word for "mourn" (אָבֵל, 'abel) conveys a sense of deep sorrow and lamentation. In this context, the absence of comfort for mourners indicates a divine judgment that leaves the community without the usual means of emotional and spiritual support. This reflects the broader theme of Jeremiah, where the people's disobedience leads to a withdrawal of God's blessings and the natural order of compassion and care.

not even a cup of consolation
The "cup of consolation" is a metaphorical expression for the small gestures of kindness and support extended to those in grief. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, sharing a cup or meal was a sign of fellowship and solidarity. The denial of even this basic comfort emphasizes the totality of the impending judgment. It serves as a stark reminder of the consequences of turning away from God, where even the simplest acts of human kindness are withheld.

for the loss of a father or mother
The mention of "father or mother" personalizes the loss, bringing it into the intimate sphere of family. In Hebrew culture, honoring one's parents was a commandment with profound spiritual and social implications. The loss of parental figures symbolizes not only personal grief but also the breakdown of familial and societal structures. This phrase highlights the depth of the calamity that befalls the people, where the most fundamental relationships are affected by the consequences of their collective disobedience.

You must not enter a house
This phrase is a direct command from God to Jeremiah, emphasizing the prophet's separation from the social and cultural practices of his time. The Hebrew root for "enter" (בּוֹא, bo) often implies coming into a place with purpose or intent. In the context of ancient Israel, entering a house was not merely a physical act but a participation in the life and practices of its inhabitants. This command signifies a call to holiness and separation, reflecting God's desire for His people to remain distinct from the surrounding nations and their practices.

where there is feasting
Feasting in ancient Israel was a significant social and religious event, often associated with celebrations, covenant meals, or religious festivals. The Hebrew word for "feasting" (מִשְׁתֶּה, mishteh) can denote a banquet or a drinking party. In this context, it symbolizes indulgence and a focus on earthly pleasures. God's instruction to avoid such gatherings underscores the seriousness of the impending judgment and the need for Jeremiah to remain focused on his prophetic mission, rather than being distracted by temporal celebrations.

and sit down with them
To "sit down" (יָשַׁב, yashab) in Hebrew culture was to take a position of rest and fellowship, indicating acceptance and participation. By instructing Jeremiah not to sit with them, God is highlighting the importance of maintaining spiritual integrity and not aligning oneself with those who are not in right standing with Him. This separation serves as a physical representation of the spiritual divide between those who follow God's commands and those who do not.

to eat and drink
Eating and drinking together in the ancient Near East was a sign of fellowship and covenant. The act of sharing a meal was deeply symbolic, often representing unity and agreement. Instructing Jeremiah not to partake in these meals is a powerful statement about the prophet's role as a messenger of God's impending judgment. It serves as a reminder that the pleasures of this world are fleeting and that true sustenance comes from obedience to God's word. This command also foreshadows the coming desolation, where such feasting will be replaced by mourning and lamentation due to the nation's disobedience.

For this is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says
This phrase establishes the authority and divine origin of the message. "LORD of Hosts" (Hebrew: Yahweh Sabaoth) emphasizes God's supreme command over the heavenly armies, signifying His power and sovereignty. "The God of Israel" reaffirms His covenant relationship with Israel, reminding them of His faithfulness and their identity as His chosen people. This introduction underscores the seriousness and certainty of the forthcoming pronouncement.

In this place
The phrase "in this place" refers specifically to the land of Judah and Jerusalem. Historically, this was the center of Jewish life and worship, the location of the Temple, and the heart of the nation. The specificity of "this place" highlights the direct impact of God's judgment on the people and their land, making it personal and immediate.

before your very eyes and in your days
This emphasizes the immediacy and visibility of the prophecy's fulfillment. The people of Jeremiah's time would witness these events firsthand, underscoring the urgency of the message. It serves as a warning that the consequences of their actions are not distant but will occur within their lifetime, making the call to repentance even more pressing.

I will bring an end to the sounds of joy and gladness
The "sounds of joy and gladness" symbolize the normalcy and celebration of life, including festivals, worship, and daily happiness. The cessation of these sounds indicates a profound disruption of community life and divine blessing. Historically, such silence would be associated with mourning, desolation, and divine judgment, reflecting the gravity of the people's disobedience.

the voices of the bride and bridegroom
Marriage celebrations were among the most joyous occasions in ancient Israel, symbolizing hope, continuity, and God's blessing. The absence of "the voices of the bride and bridegroom" signifies a breakdown of social and familial structures, a future without hope or continuity. This imagery poignantly illustrates the depth of the coming judgment and the loss of God's favor and protection.

When you tell this people all these things
This phrase sets the stage for a prophetic declaration. The Hebrew word for "tell" is "dabar," which means to speak or declare. It implies a divine mandate given to Jeremiah to communicate God's message. The phrase "this people" refers to the Israelites, who were often addressed collectively in prophetic literature. Historically, this was a time of great turmoil and impending judgment for Judah, as they were on the brink of Babylonian exile. Jeremiah's role as a prophet was to convey God's warnings and truths, even when they were difficult to hear.

and they ask you, 'Why has the LORD pronounced all this great disaster against us?'
The people's question reveals a lack of understanding or acknowledgment of their own sinfulness. The Hebrew word for "ask" is "sha'al," which can also mean to inquire or seek. This indicates a moment of introspection or confusion among the people. The term "great disaster" translates from "ra'ah gedolah," suggesting a calamity of significant magnitude. Historically, this refers to the Babylonian conquest and the subsequent exile, a pivotal event in Jewish history. Theologically, it underscores the concept of divine justice and the consequences of turning away from God's covenant.

What is our iniquity? What is the sin that we have committed against the LORD our God?
Here, the words "iniquity" and "sin" are crucial. "Iniquity" comes from the Hebrew "avon," which implies guilt or moral perversity, while "sin" is "chatta'ah," meaning an offense or transgression. The repetition of these terms emphasizes the people's blindness to their spiritual state. This reflects a recurring theme in the Old Testament, where the Israelites often failed to recognize their covenant violations. The phrase "against the LORD our God" highlights the personal nature of their rebellion, as it is not just a breach of law but a betrayal of their relationship with Yahweh. This serves as a reminder of the importance of self-examination and repentance in the life of faith.

then you are to answer them
This phrase indicates a direct command from God to the prophet Jeremiah. The Hebrew root for "answer" is עָנָה (anah), which implies a response or reply, often with a sense of humility or submission. In the context of a prophet, this response is not merely personal but divinely inspired, reflecting God's authority and message. Jeremiah is instructed to communicate God's words faithfully, emphasizing the role of a prophet as a mouthpiece for divine truth.

It is because your fathers
The phrase points to the generational aspect of sin and disobedience. The Hebrew word for "fathers" is אָבוֹת (avot), which refers to ancestors or forefathers. This highlights the continuity of behavior and the impact of ancestral actions on the present generation. Biblically, this underscores the importance of understanding history and the consequences of past actions, as well as the need for repentance and change.

have forsaken Me
The term "forsaken" comes from the Hebrew root עָזַב (azab), meaning to leave, abandon, or desert. This word conveys a deep sense of betrayal and neglect. In the biblical context, forsaking God is a grave sin, as it involves turning away from the covenant relationship established with Him. This phrase serves as a reminder of the seriousness of apostasy and the call to remain faithful to God.

declares the LORD
This phrase is a common prophetic formula, affirming the authority and authenticity of the message. The Hebrew word for "declares" is נְאֻם (ne'um), which is often used in prophetic literature to introduce a divine pronouncement. "LORD" is the translation of the tetragrammaton YHWH, the personal name of God, emphasizing His sovereignty and covenantal relationship with Israel. This declaration assures the audience that the message is not Jeremiah's own but is directly from God.

and have followed other gods
The act of following other gods is a direct violation of the first commandment. The Hebrew word for "followed" is הָלַךְ (halak), meaning to walk or go after. This implies a deliberate choice and lifestyle of idolatry. Historically, Israel's temptation to worship the gods of surrounding nations was a recurring issue, leading to spiritual adultery. This phrase serves as a warning against the allure of false gods and the importance of exclusive devotion to the one true God.

and served them
The word "served" is translated from the Hebrew עָבַד (avad), which means to work or serve, often in the context of worship or slavery. Serving other gods indicates a shift in allegiance and devotion, which is both a spiritual and practical betrayal of God. This highlights the concept of worship as service, where one's actions and life are dedicated to the object of worship.

and worshiped them
"Worshiped" comes from the Hebrew שָׁחָה (shachah), meaning to bow down or prostrate oneself. This physical act of worship signifies reverence and submission. In the biblical context, worship is reserved for God alone, and to worship other gods is to commit idolatry. This phrase underscores the importance of true worship and the dangers of misdirected reverence.

and they have forsaken Me
This repetition of "forsaken" emphasizes the gravity and persistence of Israel's sin. It serves as a reminder of the ongoing nature of their rebellion and the need for repentance. The repetition also highlights God's patience and the seriousness of the covenant breach.

and not kept My law
The phrase "not kept" is derived from the Hebrew שָׁמַר (shamar), meaning to guard, keep, or observe. The "law" refers to the Torah, God's instructions and commandments given to Israel. Failure to keep the law signifies disobedience and a breach of the covenant relationship. This phrase calls attention to the importance of obedience to God's word as a reflection of faithfulness and love for Him.

And you have behaved more wickedly than your fathers
This phrase highlights a generational decline in moral and spiritual behavior. The Hebrew root for "wickedly" is "רָעַע" (ra'a), which conveys a sense of breaking or shattering, indicating a severe departure from righteousness. Historically, this reflects the period of Judah's history where idolatry and disobedience to God's covenant were rampant. The comparison to "your fathers" suggests a cumulative effect of sin, where each generation's rebellion compounds the previous one's, leading to a deeper estrangement from God.

For behold
The word "behold" is translated from the Hebrew "הִנֵּה" (hinneh), which serves as an attention-grabbing device, urging the listener to pay close attention to the gravity of the situation. It is a divine call to awareness, emphasizing the seriousness of the message that follows. In the prophetic literature, "behold" often introduces a revelation or a significant divine pronouncement.

each one of you follows the stubbornness of his evil heart
The phrase "each one of you" underscores the individual responsibility and collective guilt of the people. "Stubbornness" comes from the Hebrew "שְׁרִירוּת" (sherirut), meaning hardness or obstinacy, suggesting a willful resistance to divine guidance. The "evil heart" is a recurring biblical theme, with "heart" (לֵב, lev) representing the center of human will and emotion. The "evil heart" indicates a deep-seated inclination towards sin, echoing the biblical understanding of human nature post-Fall, as seen in Genesis 6:5.

instead of obeying Me
This phrase contrasts the people's disobedience with the expected covenantal faithfulness. "Obeying" is derived from the Hebrew "שָׁמַע" (shama), meaning to hear or listen with the intent to act. The failure to "obey" God highlights the core issue of the covenant relationship: the people's refusal to listen and respond to God's voice. This disobedience is not merely a failure of action but a rejection of God's authority and love, which is central to the prophetic message of calling Israel back to faithfulness.

So I will hurl you out of this land
The phrase "hurl you out" is a vivid depiction of God's judgment. The Hebrew root word here is "טוּל" (tul), which conveys a forceful action, akin to throwing or casting away. This indicates not just a gentle removal but a decisive and powerful expulsion. Historically, this reflects the Babylonian exile, a pivotal event where the Israelites were forcibly removed from their homeland due to their persistent disobedience and idolatry. The land, promised to their forefathers, was a symbol of God's covenant and blessing, and being cast out signifies a severe breach in that relationship.

into a land that neither you nor your fathers have known
This phrase underscores the unfamiliarity and alienation the Israelites would experience. The "land" here is Babylon, a place foreign to the Israelites both culturally and religiously. The mention of "neither you nor your fathers have known" highlights the complete disconnection from their heritage and the traditions of their ancestors. It serves as a stark warning of the consequences of turning away from God, emphasizing the loss of identity and continuity with their past.

and there you will serve other gods day and night
The phrase "serve other gods" is a direct consequence of their idolatry. The Hebrew word for "serve" is "עָבַד" (avad), which can mean to work or to worship. This indicates that in exile, the Israelites would be subjected to the worship practices of their captors, not out of devotion but compulsion. The continuous nature of "day and night" suggests relentless and unending subjugation, a life consumed by the very idolatry they pursued in their own land. This serves as a divine irony and a fulfillment of the warnings given through the prophets.

for I will show you no favor
The phrase "no favor" is a sobering declaration of God's withdrawal of grace. The Hebrew word for "favor" is "חֵן" (chen), which implies grace, kindness, or acceptance. In the context of the covenant, God's favor was synonymous with His protection and blessing. The absence of favor indicates a period of divine judgment where the Israelites would experience the full weight of their rebellion. This is not a permanent state but a disciplinary measure intended to bring about repentance and restoration. It serves as a reminder of the seriousness of sin and the holiness of God, who desires a faithful and obedient relationship with His people.

Yet behold
The phrase "Yet behold" serves as a divine announcement, a call to attention for something significant that is about to be revealed. In Hebrew, the word "behold" is often translated from "הִנֵּה" (hinneh), which is used to draw the listener's focus to an important message from God. This introduction sets the stage for a prophetic declaration, emphasizing the certainty and importance of what follows.

the days are coming
This phrase is a common prophetic expression in the Old Testament, indicating a future event that is part of God's divine plan. The Hebrew "הִנֵּה יָמִים בָּאִים" (hinneh yamim ba'im) suggests an imminent change or fulfillment of prophecy. It reassures the faithful that God's promises will come to pass, encouraging them to remain steadfast in their faith.

declares the LORD
The phrase "declares the LORD" underscores the authority and sovereignty of God in delivering this message. In Hebrew, "נְאֻם יְהוָה" (ne'um YHWH) is a formal declaration, affirming that the words spoken are not of human origin but are divinely inspired. This assures the audience of the reliability and truth of the prophecy.

when it will no longer be said
This indicates a shift in the collective memory and testimony of the people. The phrase suggests a future time when the current expressions of faith and remembrance will be replaced by new ones. It implies a transformation in the way God's people will perceive and testify to His acts of deliverance.

‘As surely as the LORD lives
This oath formula, "חַי־יְהוָה" (chai-YHWH), is a solemn affirmation of God's existence and faithfulness. It is often used in the Old Testament to underscore the truthfulness of a statement. The phrase reflects the deep-rooted belief in God's eternal presence and active involvement in the lives of His people.

who brought the Israelites up out of the land of Egypt.’
This reference to the Exodus is a cornerstone of Israelite identity and faith, symbolizing God's power and faithfulness in delivering His people from bondage. The Hebrew "אֲשֶׁר הֶעֱלָה אֶת־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם" (asher he'elah et-b'nei Yisrael me'eretz Mitzrayim) recalls the foundational event of liberation, which is celebrated in Jewish tradition as a testament to God's covenantal love and might. The prophecy suggests that a new act of deliverance will surpass even this monumental event, pointing to a future redemption that will redefine the people's understanding of God's saving power.

Instead they will say
This phrase marks a transition from a previous statement or belief to a new understanding or declaration. In the context of Jeremiah, the people of Israel are moving from a past narrative of God's deliverance to a new promise. The Hebrew word for "instead" (תַּחַת, tachath) often signifies a replacement or substitution, indicating a shift in focus or emphasis. This sets the stage for a profound change in the collective memory and hope of the Israelites.

As surely as the LORD lives
This is a solemn oath, invoking the living God as a witness to the truth of the statement. The Hebrew name for God here is YHWH (יהוה), the covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal and unchanging nature. This phrase underscores the certainty and reliability of God's promises, reminding the Israelites of His active presence and sovereignty.

who brought the Israelites up out of the land of the north
This refers to a future deliverance that parallels the Exodus from Egypt, but this time from the "land of the north," which historically refers to Babylon. The Hebrew word for "brought up" (הֶעֱלָה, he'elah) is the same used in the Exodus narrative, drawing a direct connection between past and future acts of salvation. This highlights God's consistent role as Redeemer and Deliverer throughout Israel's history.

and all the other lands to which He had banished them
This phrase expands the scope of God's deliverance beyond Babylon to include all places of exile. The Hebrew word for "banished" (הִדִּיחָם, hidicham) conveys the idea of scattering or driving away, often as a consequence of disobedience. Yet, it also implies God's control over the nations and His ability to gather His people from every corner of the earth, showcasing His omnipotence and faithfulness.

For I will restore them to their land
The promise of restoration is central to the hope of Israel. The Hebrew word for "restore" (שׁוּב, shuv) means to return or bring back, indicating a reversal of fortune and a return to a state of blessing. This reflects God's covenant faithfulness and His commitment to His promises, assuring the Israelites of a future where they will once again inhabit the land given to their ancestors.

that I gave to their fathers
This phrase roots the promise in the Abrahamic covenant, where God pledged the land to the patriarchs of Israel. The Hebrew word for "gave" (נָתַן, natan) signifies a gift or grant, emphasizing the gracious and unearned nature of God's promises. This connection to the patriarchs serves as a reminder of God's enduring covenant and His intention to fulfill His promises across generations.

But for now
This phrase indicates a shift in divine strategy. The Hebrew word "עַתָּה" (attah) suggests an immediate or present action. It reflects God's current intention to act decisively in the affairs of His people. Historically, this marks a transition from warning to action, emphasizing the urgency and immediacy of God's plan.

I will send for many fishermen
The imagery of "fishermen" is significant. In Hebrew, "דַּיָּגִים" (dayyagim) refers to those who catch fish, symbolizing a methodical and patient approach. This metaphor suggests that God will use agents to gather His people, much like fishermen gather fish. In the context of ancient Israel, fishing was a common occupation, making this metaphor relatable and vivid. It implies a divine gathering, possibly of those who are lost or scattered.

declares the LORD
This phrase underscores the authority and certainty of the message. The Hebrew "נְאֻם־יְהוָה" (ne'um-YHWH) is a prophetic formula that authenticates the message as coming directly from God. It reassures the audience of the divine origin and reliability of the prophecy.

and they will catch them
The act of catching, "וְדָגוּם" (vedagum), implies success and inevitability. It suggests that the divine plan will be fulfilled without fail. The imagery of catching reinforces the idea of gathering and reclaiming, possibly indicating a return or restoration of the people.

After that I will send for many hunters
The transition from fishermen to "hunters" (צַיָּדִים, tsayadim) introduces a more aggressive and determined approach. Hunting involves pursuit and capture, often in challenging terrains. This shift suggests a more intense phase of God's plan, where those who are elusive or resistant will be sought out. Historically, hunting was a skillful and strategic activity, indicating that God's agents will be thorough and relentless.

and they will hunt them down
The phrase "וְצָדוּם" (vetsadum) conveys a sense of pursuit and capture. It implies that no one will escape the divine search. This reflects God's comprehensive knowledge and control over all situations, ensuring that His purposes are accomplished.

on every mountain and hill
Mountains and hills, "עַל־כָּל־הָר וְעַל־כָּל־גִּבְעָה" (al-kol-har ve'al-kol-giv'ah), symbolize places of refuge and hiding. In ancient times, these locations were often seen as places of safety or worship. The mention of these terrains indicates that God's search will be exhaustive, reaching even the most remote or secure places.

and from the clefts of the rocks
The "clefts of the rocks" (וּמִנְּקִיקֵי הַסְּלָעִים, uminnikikei hasela'im) represent hidden or protected areas. This imagery suggests that there will be no place too hidden or secure for God's reach. It emphasizes the thoroughness of God's pursuit and the futility of trying to escape His will.

For My eyes are on all their ways
The phrase "For My eyes are on all their ways" emphasizes God's omniscience and omnipresence. In Hebrew, the word for "eyes" is "עֵינַי" (eynay), which often symbolizes God's watchful care and judgment. This phrase reassures believers that God is fully aware of human actions and paths. Historically, this reflects the understanding that God is not a distant deity but one who is intimately involved in the affairs of humanity. Theologically, it serves as a reminder of accountability, encouraging believers to walk in righteousness, knowing that God observes all.

they are not hidden from My face
The phrase "they are not hidden from My face" underscores the futility of attempting to conceal actions from God. The Hebrew word for "hidden" is "נִסְתָּרוּ" (nistar), which conveys the idea of being concealed or secret. In the ancient Near Eastern context, people often believed they could hide their deeds from the gods, but the God of Israel is portrayed as all-seeing. This serves as a powerful reminder that nothing escapes God's notice, encouraging believers to live transparently and honestly before Him.

and their iniquity is not concealed from My eyes
The phrase "and their iniquity is not concealed from My eyes" highlights God's awareness of sin. The Hebrew word for "iniquity" is "עֲוֹנָם" (avonam), which refers to moral perversity or guilt. This part of the verse emphasizes that sin cannot be hidden from God, reinforcing the need for repentance and confession. In a historical context, this was a direct message to the Israelites, who often strayed from God's commandments. For contemporary believers, it serves as a call to self-examination and the pursuit of holiness, knowing that God sees and knows all.

I will first repay them double
The phrase "I will first repay them double" reflects the principle of divine justice. In Hebrew, the word for "repay" is "shalam," which means to make whole or to restore. The concept of "double" here is not merely quantitative but signifies the completeness and certainty of God's judgment. In the ancient Near Eastern context, the idea of double repayment was a legal principle, ensuring that justice was fully served. This underscores God's commitment to righteousness and His intolerance of sin.

for their iniquity and sin
The terms "iniquity" and "sin" are often used together in the Hebrew Bible to emphasize the depth and breadth of human wrongdoing. "Iniquity" (Hebrew: "avon") refers to moral perversity or crookedness, while "sin" (Hebrew: "chatta'ah") denotes missing the mark or falling short of God's standards. This duality highlights the comprehensive nature of Israel's rebellion against God, encompassing both their moral failures and their transgressions of divine law.

because they have defiled My land
The word "defiled" (Hebrew: "tame") means to make unclean or impure. In the biblical context, the land of Israel was considered holy, set apart by God for His people. The defilement of the land through idolatry and sin was a grave offense, as it violated the sanctity of what God had consecrated. This reflects the covenantal relationship between God and Israel, where the land was an integral part of their identity and divine promise.

with the carcasses of their detestable idols
The term "carcasses" (Hebrew: "peger") typically refers to dead bodies, emphasizing the lifelessness and impurity of idols. "Detestable" (Hebrew: "shiqquwts") conveys the abominable nature of these idols in God's sight. Idolatry was not merely a religious error but a profound betrayal of the covenant, as it involved the worship of lifeless objects instead of the living God. This phrase underscores the futility and offensiveness of idol worship.

and have filled My inheritance with their abominations
The word "inheritance" (Hebrew: "nachalah") refers to the land God promised to His people, a symbol of His covenantal faithfulness. The "abominations" (Hebrew: "toebah") are acts that are morally repugnant and offensive to God. By filling His inheritance with such acts, the people of Israel not only defiled the land but also jeopardized their relationship with God. This serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of turning away from divine commandments and the importance of maintaining holiness in what God has entrusted to His people.

O LORD
The Hebrew word here is "Yahweh," the covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal, self-existent nature. This name is deeply personal and relational, reminding us of God's unchanging faithfulness and His intimate involvement with His people. In a world of shifting allegiances and false gods, Yahweh stands as the one true God, deserving of all worship and trust.

my strength
The Hebrew word "ma'oz" signifies a place of safety, protection, and power. In times of personal or national crisis, Jeremiah acknowledges that true strength comes not from human might or alliances but from God alone. This reflects a deep reliance on God's power to sustain and uphold His people through trials.

and my fortress
The term "misgab" in Hebrew refers to a high place or stronghold, a place of security against enemies. This imagery conveys God's role as a protector who provides safety and security. In the ancient world, a fortress was a place of refuge during attacks, symbolizing God's ability to shield His people from spiritual and physical dangers.

my refuge in the day of distress
"Manos" in Hebrew means a place of escape or shelter. Jeremiah acknowledges that in times of trouble, God is the ultimate refuge. This phrase speaks to the believer's confidence in God's ability to provide peace and safety amidst life's storms, encouraging us to seek Him when we face trials.

the nations will come to You
This prophetic vision anticipates a time when Gentiles will recognize the sovereignty of Yahweh. Historically, Israel was to be a light to the nations, drawing them to the true God. This phrase points to the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham that all nations would be blessed through his descendants, ultimately realized in the coming of Christ.

from the ends of the earth
This expression emphasizes the universal scope of God's plan. It signifies that people from every corner of the globe will acknowledge Yahweh's supremacy. This global vision aligns with the Great Commission, where believers are called to make disciples of all nations, reflecting God's heart for all humanity.

and they will say
This anticipates a confession or realization among the nations. It suggests a turning point where the truth about God becomes undeniable. This acknowledgment is a powerful testament to God's revelation and the transformative power of His truth.

'Our fathers inherited nothing but lies
The Hebrew word "sheqer" means falsehood or deception. This phrase reflects a recognition of the futility of idolatry and false beliefs passed down through generations. It underscores the emptiness of worshiping anything other than the true God, highlighting the need for repentance and turning to Yahweh.

worthless idols
The term "hebel" in Hebrew conveys the idea of vanity or emptiness. Idols, though often crafted with great skill, are ultimately powerless and devoid of life. This phrase serves as a stark reminder of the futility of idolatry and the importance of worshiping the living God, who alone is worthy of devotion.

of no benefit at all
This concluding phrase emphasizes the complete ineffectiveness of idols. Despite their allure, they offer no real help or salvation. This serves as a call to discernment, urging believers to place their trust in God, who alone can provide true hope and deliverance.

Can man make gods for himself?
This phrase challenges the very notion of idolatry, which was prevalent in ancient Israel and surrounding nations. The Hebrew word for "make" is "עָשָׂה" (asah), which means to create or fashion. This word is often used in the context of God’s creative acts, highlighting the absurdity of humans attempting to create deities. The rhetorical question underscores the futility and arrogance of humans trying to manufacture divine beings. Historically, the Israelites were surrounded by cultures that crafted idols from wood, stone, and metal, believing these objects could embody divine power. This practice is condemned throughout Scripture, as it detracts from the worship of the one true God. Theologically, this phrase calls believers to recognize the sovereignty and uniqueness of God, who cannot be replicated or contained by human hands.

Such are not gods!
This emphatic declaration serves as a divine verdict on the nature of idols. The Hebrew word for "gods" here is "אֱלֹהִים" (elohim), which can refer to the true God or false gods, depending on the context. In this case, it refers to the latter, emphasizing their impotence and nonexistence. The phrase "such are not gods" is a powerful reminder of the distinction between the Creator and the created. Archaeological findings have uncovered numerous idols from ancient Near Eastern cultures, yet these artifacts only serve to highlight the contrast between the living God and lifeless objects. Scripturally, this statement aligns with the consistent biblical theme that idols are worthless and cannot save or deliver (see Isaiah 44:9-20). From a conservative Christian perspective, this verse calls believers to reject all forms of idolatry, whether physical or metaphorical, and to place their trust solely in the living God, who alone is worthy of worship and adoration.

Therefore behold
The phrase "Therefore behold" serves as a divine announcement, a call to attention that something significant is about to be revealed. In Hebrew, "behold" is often translated from the word "hinneh," which is used to draw the listener's focus to an important message from God. This phrase indicates a transition from the preceding verses, where God speaks of judgment, to a declaration of His intent to reveal Himself. It underscores the certainty and importance of what follows, inviting the audience to witness God's forthcoming actions.

I will inform them
The phrase "I will inform them" suggests a direct communication from God to His people. The Hebrew root "yada" is often used here, meaning "to know" or "to make known." This implies not just a casual imparting of information but a deep, experiential understanding that God intends to impart. It reflects God's desire for His people to have a personal and profound awareness of His nature and His plans.

this time
"This time" indicates a specific moment chosen by God to act decisively. It suggests a contrast with previous occasions when God may have been patient or withheld His full power. The phrase emphasizes the immediacy and urgency of God's revelation, highlighting that the time for His intervention and demonstration of power is now.

I will teach them
"I will teach them" conveys the idea of instruction and learning. The Hebrew word "yarah" can mean to teach or to instruct, often with the connotation of pointing or directing. This teaching is not merely academic but transformative, intended to lead the people to a new understanding and relationship with God. It reflects God's role as a teacher who desires His people to learn His ways and recognize His authority.

My power and might
The phrase "My power and might" refers to God's omnipotence and strength. In Hebrew, "power" (koach) and "might" (gevurah) are often used to describe God's ability to act in the world and accomplish His purposes. This dual emphasis on power and might underscores the completeness and invincibility of God's strength. It serves as a reminder that God is not only willing but fully able to fulfill His promises and execute His judgments.

and they will know
"And they will know" signifies a future realization and acknowledgment by the people. The Hebrew word "yada" is again used here, emphasizing a deep, personal knowledge that comes from experience. This knowledge is not just intellectual but relational, indicating that the people will come to recognize and understand God's character and sovereignty through His actions.

that My name is the LORD
"That My name is the LORD" is a declaration of God's identity and authority. The name "LORD" is translated from the Hebrew "YHWH" (Yahweh), the covenant name of God revealed to Moses. This name signifies God's eternal, self-existent nature and His faithfulness to His promises. By revealing His name, God is affirming His unique identity as the one true God, distinct from all idols and false gods. It is a call for the people to acknowledge His supremacy and enter into a covenant relationship with Him.