Matthew 22:12
New International Version
He asked, ‘How did you get in here without wedding clothes, friend?’ The man was speechless.

New Living Translation
‘Friend,’ he asked, ‘how is it that you are here without wedding clothes?’ But the man had no reply.

English Standard Version
And he said to him, ‘Friend, how did you get in here without a wedding garment?’ And he was speechless.

Berean Standard Bible
‘Friend,’ he asked, ‘how did you get in here without wedding clothes?’ But the man was speechless.

Berean Literal Bible
And he says to him, 'Friend, how did you enter here not having a wedding garment?' And he was speechless.

King James Bible
And he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless.

New King James Version
So he said to him, ‘Friend, how did you come in here without a wedding garment?’ And he was speechless.

New American Standard Bible
and he said to him, ‘Friend, how did you get in here without wedding clothes?’ And the man was speechless.

NASB 1995
and he said to him, ‘Friend, how did you come in here without wedding clothes?’ And the man was speechless.

NASB 1977
and he said to him, ‘Friend, how did you come in here without wedding clothes?’ And he was speechless.

Legacy Standard Bible
and he said to him, ‘Friend, how did you come in here without wedding clothes?’ And the man was speechless.

Amplified Bible
and he said, ‘Friend, how did you come in here without wearing the wedding clothes [that were provided for you]?’ And the man was speechless and without excuse.

Christian Standard Bible
So he said to him, ‘Friend, how did you get in here without wedding clothes? ’ The man was speechless.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
So he said to him, Friend, how did you get in here without wedding clothes?’ The man was speechless.

American Standard Version
and he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding-garment? And he was speechless.

Contemporary English Version
The king asked, "Friend, why didn't you wear proper clothes for the wedding?" But the guest had no excuse.

English Revised Version
and he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding-garment? And he was speechless.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
He said to him, 'Friend, how did you get in here without proper wedding clothes?' "The man had nothing to say.

Good News Translation
'Friend, how did you get in here without wedding clothes?' the king asked him. But the man said nothing.

International Standard Version
He asked him, 'Friend, how did you get in here without wedding clothes?' But the man was speechless.

Majority Standard Bible
?Friend,? he asked, ?how did you get in here without wedding clothes?? But the man was speechless.

NET Bible
And he said to him, 'Friend, how did you get in here without wedding clothes?' But he had nothing to say.

New Heart English Bible
and he said to him, 'Friend, how did you come in here not wearing wedding clothing?' He was speechless.

Webster's Bible Translation
And he saith to him, Friend, how camest thou in hither, not having a wedding-garment? And he was speechless.

Weymouth New Testament
"'My friend,' he said, 'how is it that you came in here without a wedding robe?'

World English Bible
and he said to him, ‘Friend, how did you come in here not wearing wedding clothing?’ He was speechless.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and he says to him, Friend, how did you come in here, not having wedding clothes? And he was speechless.

Berean Literal Bible
And he says to him, 'Friend, how did you enter here not having a wedding garment?' And he was speechless.

Young's Literal Translation
and he saith to him, Comrade, how didst thou come in hither, not having clothing of the marriage-feast? and he was speechless.

Smith's Literal Translation
And he says to him, Friend, how camest thou in here, not having a garment of the nuptial feast? And he was muzzled.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And he saith to him: Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding garment? But he was silent.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And he said to him, ‘Friend, how is it that you have entered here without having a wedding garment?’ But he was dumbstruck.

New American Bible
He said to him, ‘My friend, how is it that you came in here without a wedding garment?’ But he was reduced to silence.

New Revised Standard Version
and he said to him, ‘Friend, how did you get in here without a wedding robe?’ And he was speechless.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And he said to him, My friend, how did you enter here, when you do not have wedding garments? And he was speechless.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And he said to him, 'My friend, how did you enter here when you did not have a wedding garment?'
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
And he said to him, Friend, how came you in hither without a wedding-robe? And he was silent.

Godbey New Testament
And he says to him, Comrade, how did you come in hither, not having the wedding-garment? And he was silent.

Haweis New Testament
and he saith to him, Friend, how came thou in here, not having the garment provided for the marriage feast? And he was speechless.

Mace New Testament
friend, how came you in hither, without a wedding garment? and he was speechless.

Weymouth New Testament
"'My friend,' he said, 'how is it that you came in here without a wedding robe?'

Worrell New Testament
and he says to him, 'Friend, how did you come in here, not having on a wedding-garment?' And He was speechless.

Worsley New Testament
Friend, how camest thou in here without a wedding-garment? and he was struck speechless.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Parable of the Banquet
11But when the king came in to see the guests, he spotted a man who was not dressed in wedding clothes. 12‘Friend,’ he asked, ‘how did you get in here without wedding clothes?’ But the man was speechless. 13Then the king told the servants, ‘Tie him hand and foot, and throw him into the outer darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.’…

Cross References
Revelation 19:8
She was given clothing of fine linen, bright and pure.” For the fine linen she wears is the righteous acts of the saints.

Zephaniah 1:7-8
Be silent in the presence of the Lord GOD, for the Day of the LORD is near. Indeed, the LORD has prepared a sacrifice; He has consecrated His guests. / “On the Day of the LORD’s sacrifice I will punish the princes, the sons of the king, and all who are dressed in foreign apparel.

Matthew 7:21-23
Not everyone who says to Me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ will enter the kingdom of heaven, but only he who does the will of My Father in heaven. / Many will say to Me on that day, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in Your name, and in Your name drive out demons and perform many miracles?’ / Then I will tell them plainly, ‘I never knew you; depart from Me, you workers of lawlessness!’

Luke 13:25-27
After the master of the house gets up and shuts the door, you will stand outside knocking and saying, ‘Lord, open the door for us.’ But he will reply, ‘I do not know where you are from.’ / Then you will say, ‘We ate and drank with you, and you taught in our streets.’ / And he will answer, ‘I tell you, I do not know where you are from. Depart from me, all you evildoers.’

Revelation 3:4-5
But you do have a few people in Sardis who have not soiled their garments, and because they are worthy, they will walk with Me in white. / Like them, he who overcomes will be dressed in white. And I will never blot out his name from the Book of Life, but I will confess his name before My Father and His angels.

Isaiah 61:10
I will rejoice greatly in the LORD, my soul will exult in my God; for He has clothed me with garments of salvation and wrapped me in a robe of righteousness, as a bridegroom wears a priestly headdress, as a bride adorns herself with her jewels.

2 Corinthians 5:3
because when we are clothed, we will not be found naked.

Romans 13:14
Instead, clothe yourselves with the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the desires of the flesh.

Galatians 3:27
For all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ.

Ephesians 4:24
and to put on the new self, created to be like God in true righteousness and holiness.

Colossians 3:10-12
and have put on the new self, which is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator. / Here there is no Greek or Jew, circumcised or uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave, or free, but Christ is all and is in all. / Therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, clothe yourselves with hearts of compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness, and patience.

Job 29:14
I put on righteousness, and it clothed me; justice was my robe and my turban.

Isaiah 52:1
Awake, awake, clothe yourself with strength, O Zion! Put on your garments of splendor, O Jerusalem, holy city! For the uncircumcised and unclean will no longer enter you.

Ezekiel 16:10-14
I clothed you in embroidered cloth and gave you sandals of fine leather. I wrapped you in fine linen and covered you with silk. / I adorned you with jewelry, and I put bracelets on your wrists and a chain around your neck. / I put a ring in your nose, earrings on your ears, and a beautiful crown upon your head. ...

Zechariah 3:3-5
Now Joshua was dressed in filthy garments as he stood before the angel. / So the angel said to those standing before him, “Take off his filthy clothes!” Then he said to Joshua, “See, I have removed your iniquity, and I will clothe you with splendid robes.” / Then I said, “Let them put a clean turban on his head.” So a clean turban was placed on his head, and they clothed him, as the angel of the LORD stood by.


Treasury of Scripture

And he said to him, Friend, how came you in here not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless.

Friend.

Matthew 20:13
But he answered one of them, and said, Friend, I do thee no wrong: didst not thou agree with me for a penny?

Matthew 26:50
And Jesus said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou come? Then came they, and laid hands on Jesus, and took him.

how.

Matthew 5:20
For I say unto you, That except your righteousness shall exceed the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees, ye shall in no case enter into the kingdom of heaven.

Acts 5:2-11
And kept back part of the price, his wife also being privy to it, and brought a certain part, and laid it at the apostles' feet…

Acts 8:20-23
But Peter said unto him, Thy money perish with thee, because thou hast thought that the gift of God may be purchased with money…

And he was.

1 Samuel 2:9
He will keep the feet of his saints, and the wicked shall be silent in darkness; for by strength shall no man prevail.

Job 5:16
So the poor hath hope, and iniquity stoppeth her mouth.

Psalm 107:42
The righteous shall see it, and rejoice: and all iniquity shall stop her mouth.

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Camest Clothes Clothing Comrade Friend Garment Guest's Hither Marriage-Feast Robe Speechless Wearing Wedding Wedding-Garment
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Camest Clothes Clothing Comrade Friend Garment Guest's Hither Marriage-Feast Robe Speechless Wearing Wedding Wedding-Garment
Matthew 22
1. The parable of the marriage of the king's son.
9. The vocation of the Gentiles.
12. The punishment of him who lacked a wedding garment.
15. Tribute ought to be paid to Caesar.
23. Jesus confutes the Sadducees for the resurrection;
34. answers which is the first and great commandment;
41. and puzzles the Pharisees by a question about the Messiah.














Friend
The term "friend" in this context is translated from the Greek word "ἑταῖρε" (hetairos), which is used in the New Testament to denote a companion or associate. In the parable of the wedding banquet, this address is significant because it reflects a tone of both familiarity and reproach. Jesus uses this term to highlight the relationship that God desires with humanity—a relationship of closeness and fellowship. However, the use of "friend" here also underscores the gravity of the situation, as it is spoken to someone who has failed to meet the expectations of the host. This duality serves as a reminder of the grace offered to us and the responsibility we have to respond appropriately to God's invitation.

he asked
The phrase "he asked" indicates a direct and personal inquiry. In the context of the parable, the king is addressing the man without wedding clothes. This question is not merely for information but is a probing of the heart, revealing the man's lack of preparation and respect for the occasion. It reflects God's omniscience and His desire for us to examine our own hearts and motives. The king's question is an invitation for self-reflection and repentance, urging us to consider whether we are truly prepared to enter into the kingdom of heaven.

'How did you get in here
This question highlights the unexpected presence of the man at the wedding feast. The Greek phrase "Πῶς εἰσῆλθες ὧδε" (Pōs eisēlthes hōde) suggests a breach of protocol or an unauthorized entry. In the historical context of a wedding banquet, guests were expected to adhere to certain customs, including wearing appropriate attire. Spiritually, this question challenges us to consider how we have responded to God's invitation. Have we entered the kingdom through the narrow gate, clothed in the righteousness of Christ, or have we attempted to come on our own terms?

without wedding clothes?'
The "wedding clothes" symbolize the righteousness required to enter the kingdom of heaven. In ancient times, it was customary for the host to provide garments for the guests, ensuring that everyone was suitably attired. This provision parallels the righteousness of Christ, which is freely given to those who accept His invitation. The absence of wedding clothes in the parable signifies a rejection of this gift and an attempt to enter God's presence based on one's own merits. This serves as a powerful reminder that salvation is not earned by our works but is a gift of grace through faith in Jesus Christ.

But the man was speechless
The man's speechlessness, translated from the Greek "ἐφιμώθη" (ephimōthē), meaning "to be muzzled" or "silenced," indicates his lack of defense or excuse. In the presence of the king, he is unable to justify his actions or his unpreparedness. This silence is a sobering reminder of the finality of God's judgment and the importance of being ready for the day when we will stand before Him. It calls us to live in a state of readiness, clothed in the righteousness of Christ, so that we may not be found speechless when we are called to account for our lives.

(12) Friend.--(See Note on Matthew 20:13.) The question implies that the act was strange, unlooked-for, inexcusable.

He was speechless.--The verb is the same as the "put to silence" of Matthew 22:34, and points literally to the silence of one who has been gagged.

Verse 12. - Friend; ἑταῖρε, as Matthew 20:13. It was thus that Christ addressed Judas in the garden (Matthew 26:50). The term here has in it something of distrust and disapprobation. How camest thou in hither? The question may mean - How couldst thou presume to approach this solemn festival without the indispensable requisite? Or, how couldst thou elude the vigilance of the servants, and enter in this unseemly garb? The former is doubtless the signification of the inquiry. The contemptuous rejection of propriety is an outrage offered to the majesty of the king, and one worthy of severest punishment. He was speechless; ἐφιμώθη: literally, he was muzzled, tongue tied, as if his mouth were closed with a muzzle (comp. ver. 34; and Luke 4:35). He could make no reply; he had no excuse to offer. His silence condemned him. It is observed that gags were used for rebellious slaves or criminals on their way to execution (Webst. and Wilk.).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
‘Friend,’
Ἑταῖρε (Hetaire)
Noun - Vocative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2083: A companion, comrade, friend. From etes; a comrade.

he asked,
λέγει (legei)
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 3004: (a) I say, speak; I mean, mention, tell, (b) I call, name, especially in the pass., (c) I tell, command.

‘how
πῶς (pōs)
Adverb
Strong's 4459: Adverb from the base of pou; an interrogative particle of manner; in what way?; also as exclamation, how much!

did you get in
εἰσῆλθες (eisēlthes)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular
Strong's 1525: To go in, come in, enter. From eis and erchomai; to enter.

here
ὧδε (hōde)
Adverb
Strong's 5602: From an adverb form of hode; in this same spot, i.e. Here or hither.

without
ἔχων (echōn)
Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2192: To have, hold, possess. Including an alternate form scheo skheh'-o; a primary verb; to hold.

wedding
γάμου (gamou)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 1062: A marriage, wedding, wedding-ceremony; plur: a wedding-feast. Of uncertain affinity; nuptials.

clothes?’
ἔνδυμα (endyma)
Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's 1742: A garment, raiment, clothing. From enduo; apparel.

But
δὲ (de)
Conjunction
Strong's 1161: A primary particle; but, and, etc.

[the man] was speechless.
ἐφιμώθη (ephimōthē)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 5392: To muzzle, silence. From phimos; to muzzle.


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NT Gospels: Matthew 22:12 And he said to him 'Friend how (Matt. Mat Mt)
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