Exodus 36:19
New International Version
Then they made for the tent a covering of ram skins dyed red, and over that a covering of the other durable leather.

New Living Translation
He completed the tent covering with a layer of tanned ram skins and a layer of fine goatskin leather.

English Standard Version
And he made for the tent a covering of tanned rams’ skins and goatskins.

Berean Standard Bible
Additionally, he made for the tent a covering of ram skins dyed red, and over that a covering of fine leather.

King James Bible
And he made a covering for the tent of rams' skins dyed red, and a covering of badgers' skins above that.

New King James Version
Then he made a covering for the tent of ram skins dyed red, and a covering of badger skins above that.

New American Standard Bible
And he made a covering for the tent of rams’ skins dyed red, and a covering of fine leather above.

NASB 1995
He made a covering for the tent of rams’ skins dyed red, and a covering of porpoise skins above.

NASB 1977
And he made a covering for the tent of rams’ skins dyed red, and a covering of porpoise skins above.

Legacy Standard Bible
He made a covering for the tent of rams’ skins dyed red and a covering of porpoise skins above.

Amplified Bible
He made a [third] covering for the tent of rams’ skins dyed red, and above it a [fourth] covering of porpoise skins.

Christian Standard Bible
He also made a covering for the tent from ram skins dyed red and a covering of fine leather on top of it.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
He also made a covering for the tent from ram skins dyed red and a covering of manatee skins on top of it.

American Standard Version
And he made a covering for the tent of rams' skins dyed red, and a covering of sealskins above.

Contemporary English Version
Two other coverings were made--one with fine leather and the other with ram skins dyed red.

English Revised Version
And he made a covering for the tent of rams' skins dyed red, and a covering of sealskins above.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
They made a cover out of rams' skins that had been dyed red for the outer tent, and over that they put a cover made of fine leather.

Good News Translation
They made two more coverings, one of rams' skin dyed red and the other of fine leather, to serve as an outer cover.

International Standard Version
Then he made a cover for the tent of ram skins dyed red and a covering of dolphin skins above that.

Majority Standard Bible
Additionally, he made for the tent a covering of ram skins dyed red, and over that a covering of fine leather.

NET Bible
He made a covering for the tent out of ram skins dyed red and over that a covering of fine leather.

New Heart English Bible
He made a covering for the tent of rams' skins dyed red, and a covering of sea cow hides above.

Webster's Bible Translation
And he made a covering for the tent of rams' skins dyed red, and a covering of badgers' skins above that.

World English Bible
He made a covering for the tent of rams’ skins dyed red, and a covering of sea cow hides above.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and he makes a covering for the tent of rams’ skins made red, and a covering of tachashim skins above.

Young's Literal Translation
and he maketh a covering for the tent of rams' skins made red, and a covering of badgers' skins above.

Smith's Literal Translation
And he will make a covering for the tent, skins of rams made red, and a covering of tahash skins from above.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
He made also a cover for the tabernacle of rams' skins dyed red: and another cover over that of violet skins.

Catholic Public Domain Version
He also made a covering for the tabernacle from the skins of rams, dyed-red; and another cover above it, from violet skins.

New American Bible
A covering for the tent was made of rams’ skins dyed red and, above that, a covering of tahash skins.

New Revised Standard Version
And he made for the tent a covering of tanned rams’ skins and an outer covering of fine leather.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And they made a covering for the tent of rams' skins dyed red and a covering of badgers' skins above that.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And they made a covering for the Tabernacle: skins of rams that are dyed red and a covering of leather of sky blue from above.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And he made a covering for the tent of rams' skins dyed red, and a covering of sealskins above.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Curtains for the Tabernacle
18He also made fifty bronze clasps to join the tent together as a unit. 19Additionally, he made for the tent a covering of ram skins dyed red, and over that a covering of fine leather.

Cross References
Exodus 26:14
Also make a covering for the tent out of ram skins dyed red, and over that a covering of fine leather.

Numbers 4:25
They are to carry the curtains of the tabernacle, the Tent of Meeting with the covering of fine leather over it, the curtains for the entrance to the Tent of Meeting,

1 Kings 8:8
The poles extended far enough that their ends were visible from the Holy Place in front of the inner sanctuary, but not from outside the Holy Place; and they are there to this day.

2 Chronicles 3:14
He made the veil of blue, purple, and crimson yarn and fine linen, with cherubim woven into it.

Hebrews 9:3
Behind the second curtain was a room called the Most Holy Place,

Exodus 25:9
You must make the tabernacle and design all its furnishings according to the pattern I show you.

Exodus 40:19
Then he spread the tent over the tabernacle and put the covering over the tent, just as the LORD had commanded him.

Leviticus 16:2
And the LORD said to Moses: “Tell your brother Aaron not to enter freely into the Most Holy Place behind the veil in front of the mercy seat on the ark, or else he will die, because I appear in the cloud above the mercy seat.

2 Corinthians 3:13-16
We are not like Moses, who would put a veil over his face to keep the Israelites from gazing at the end of what was fading away. / But their minds were closed. For to this day the same veil remains at the reading of the old covenant. It has not been lifted, because only in Christ can it be removed. / And even to this day when Moses is read, a veil covers their hearts. ...

Exodus 39:34
the covering of ram skins dyed red, the covering of fine leather, and the veil of the covering;

Hebrews 8:5
The place where they serve is a copy and shadow of what is in heaven. This is why Moses was warned when he was about to build the tabernacle: “See to it that you make everything according to the pattern shown you on the mountain.”

Exodus 35:11
the tabernacle with its tent and covering, its clasps and frames, its crossbars, posts, and bases;

Exodus 40:21
Then he brought the ark into the tabernacle, put up the veil for the screen, and shielded off the ark of the Testimony, just as the LORD had commanded him.

1 Kings 6:19
Solomon also prepared the inner sanctuary within the temple to set the ark of the covenant of the LORD there.

Matthew 27:51
At that moment the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom. The earth quaked, and the rocks were split.


Treasury of Scripture

And he made a covering for the tent of rams' skins dyed red, and a covering of badgers' skins above that.

covering

Exodus 26:14
And thou shalt make a covering for the tent of rams' skins dyed red, and a covering above of badgers' skins.

rams' skins dyed red.

Exodus 36:8-17
And every wise hearted man among them that wrought the work of the tabernacle made ten curtains of fine twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet: with cherubims of cunning work made he them…

Jump to Previous
Badgers Coloured Cover Covering Cow Cows Dyed Goatskins Hides Maketh Porpoise Ram Rams Red Sea Sealskins Sheepskins Skins Tanned Tent
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Badgers Coloured Cover Covering Cow Cows Dyed Goatskins Hides Maketh Porpoise Ram Rams Red Sea Sealskins Sheepskins Skins Tanned Tent
Exodus 36
1. The offerings are delivered to the workmen
4. The generosity of the people is restrained
8. The curtains with cherubim
14. The curtains of goats' hair
19. The covering of skins
20. The boards with their sockets
31. The bars
35. The veil
37. The hanging for the door














Additionally, he made
This phrase indicates the continuation of a detailed process. The Hebrew root for "made" is עָשָׂה (asah), which means to do, fashion, or accomplish. It emphasizes the skill and intentionality involved in the construction of the Tabernacle. The artisans, led by Bezalel and Oholiab, were divinely inspired and equipped for this sacred task, reflecting the importance of craftsmanship in worship.

for the tent
The "tent" refers to the Tabernacle, the portable earthly dwelling place of God among the Israelites. The Hebrew word for tent is אֹהֶל (ohel), which signifies a temporary dwelling. This highlights the transient nature of the Israelites' journey and God's presence with them, moving as they moved, a precursor to the more permanent Temple.

a covering of ram skins dyed red
The "covering" is a protective layer, and the use of "ram skins" is significant. Rams were often used in sacrificial contexts, symbolizing strength and sacrifice. The Hebrew word for ram is אַיִל (ayil). The skins being "dyed red" (Hebrew: אָדֹם, adom) symbolize blood and sacrifice, pointing forward to the ultimate sacrifice of Christ. The red dye was likely obtained from natural sources, such as the madder root, indicating the use of available resources in worship.

and over that a covering of fine leather
The phrase "fine leather" is translated from the Hebrew תַּחַשׁ (tachash), which is a somewhat ambiguous term. Some translations render it as "sea cow" or "porpoise," suggesting a durable, water-resistant material. This second covering provided additional protection, emphasizing the care and provision God made for His dwelling place. The dual coverings symbolize layers of protection and sanctity, underscoring the holiness of the Tabernacle.

(19) This verse corresponds exactly to Exodus 26:14, and relates the construction of the two outer coverings.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Additionally, he made
וַיַּ֤עַשׂ (way·ya·‘aś)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6213: To do, make

for the tent
לָאֹ֔הֶל (lā·’ō·hel)
Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 168: A tent

a covering
מִכְסֶה֙ (miḵ·seh)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4372: A covering, weatherboarding

of ram
אֵלִ֖ים (’ê·lîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 352: Strength, strong, a chief, a ram, a pilaster, an oak, strong tree

skins
עֹרֹ֥ת (‘ō·rōṯ)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 5785: Skin, hide, leather

dyed red,
מְאָדָּמִ֑ים (mə·’ād·dā·mîm)
Verb - Pual - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 119: Flush, turn rosy

and over
מִלְמָֽעְלָה׃ (mil·mā·‘ə·lāh)
Preposition-m, Preposition-l | Adverb | third person feminine singular
Strong's 4605: The upper part, with prefix upward, above, overhead, from the top

that
ס (s)
Punctuation
Strong's Hebrew

a covering
וּמִכְסֵ֛ה (ū·miḵ·sêh)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4372: A covering, weatherboarding

of fine leather.
תְּחָשִׁ֖ים (tə·ḥā·šîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 8476: Perhaps porpoise (a kind of leather or skin)


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OT Law: Exodus 36:19 He made a covering for the tent (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 36:18
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