Esther 9:18
New International Version
The Jews in Susa, however, had assembled on the thirteenth and fourteenth, and then on the fifteenth they rested and made it a day of feasting and joy.

New Living Translation
(The Jews at Susa killed their enemies on March 7 and again on March 8, then rested on March 9, making that their day of feasting and gladness.)

English Standard Version
But the Jews who were in Susa gathered on the thirteenth day and on the fourteenth, and rested on the fifteenth day, making that a day of feasting and gladness.

Berean Standard Bible
The Jews in Susa, however, had assembled on the thirteenth and the fourteenth days of the month. So they rested on the fifteenth day, making it a day of feasting and joy.

King James Bible
But the Jews that were at Shushan assembled together on the thirteenth day thereof, and on the fourteenth thereof; and on the fifteenth day of the same they rested, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.

New King James Version
But the Jews who were at Shushan assembled together on the thirteenth day, as well as on the fourteenth; and on the fifteenth of the month they rested, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.

New American Standard Bible
But the Jews who were in Susa assembled on the thirteenth and the fourteenth of the same month, and they rested on the fifteenth day and made it a day of feasting and rejoicing.

NASB 1995
But the Jews who were in Susa assembled on the thirteenth and the fourteenth of the same month, and they rested on the fifteenth day and made it a day of feasting and rejoicing.

NASB 1977
But the Jews who were in Susa assembled on the thirteenth and the fourteenth of the same month, and they rested on the fifteenth day and made it a day of feasting and rejoicing.

Legacy Standard Bible
But the Jews who were in Susa assembled on the thirteenth and the fourteenth of the same month, and they rested on the fifteenth day and made it a day of feasting and gladness.

Amplified Bible
But the Jews who were in Susa assembled on the thirteenth and on the fourteenth of the same month, and on the fifteenth day they rested and made it a day of feasting and rejoicing.

Christian Standard Bible
But the Jews in Susa had assembled on the thirteenth and the fourteenth days of the month. They rested on the fifteenth day of the month, and it became a day of feasting and rejoicing.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
But the Jews in Susa had assembled on the thirteenth and the fourteenth days of the month. They rested on the fifteenth day of the month, and it became a day of feasting and rejoicing.

American Standard Version
But the Jews that were in Shushan assembled together on the thirteenth day thereof, and on the fourteenth thereof; and on the fifteenth day of the same they rested, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.

Contemporary English Version
On the fifteenth day of the month the Jews in Susa held a holiday and celebrated, after killing their enemies on the thirteenth and the fourteenth.

English Revised Version
But the Jews that were in Shushan assembled together on the thirteenth day thereof, and on the fourteenth thereof; and on the fifteenth day of the same they rested, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
But the Jews in Susa had assembled on the thirteenth and fourteenth. They rested on the fifteenth and made it a day of feasting and celebration.

Good News Translation
The Jews of Susa, however, made the fifteenth a holiday, since they had slaughtered their enemies on the thirteenth and fourteenth and then stopped on the fifteenth.

International Standard Version
The Jewish people in Susa assembled on the thirteenth day and again on the fourteenth, and then rested on the fifteenth day and made it a day of feasting and joy.

Majority Standard Bible
The Jews in Susa, however, had assembled on the thirteenth and the fourteenth days of the month. So they rested on the fifteenth day, making it a day of feasting and joy.

NET Bible
But the Jews who were in Susa assembled on the thirteenth and fourteenth days, and rested on the fifteenth, making it a day for banqueting and happiness.

New Heart English Bible
But the Jews who were in Shushan assembled together on the thirteenth and on the fourteenth days of the month; and on the fifteenth day of that month, they rested, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.

Webster's Bible Translation
But the Jews that were at Shushan assembled on the thirteenth day of the month, and on the fourteenth of it: and on the fifteenth day of the same they rested, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.

World English Bible
But the Jews who were in Susa assembled together on the thirteenth and on the fourteenth days of the month; and on the fifteenth day of that month, they rested, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And the Jews who [are] in Shushan have been assembled, on the thirteenth day of it, and on the fourteenth of it, even to rest on the fifteenth of it, and to make it a day of banquet and of joy.

Young's Literal Translation
And the Jews who are in Shushan have been assembled, on the thirteenth day of it, and on the fourteenth of it, even to rest on the fifteenth of it, and to make it a day of banquet and of joy.

Smith's Literal Translation
And the Jews that were in Shushan were assembled in the thirteenth in it, and in the fourteenth in it; and resting in the fifteenth in it, and making it a day of drinking and gladness.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
But they that were killing in the city of Susan, were employed in the slaughter on the thirteenth and fourteenth day of the same month: and on the fifteenth day they rested. And therefore they appointed that day to be a holy day of feasting and gladness.

Catholic Public Domain Version
But, as for those who were carrying out the killings in the city of Susa, they turned to killing on the thirteenth and fourteenth day of the same month. But on the fifteenth day they ceased to attack. And for that reason they established that day as sacred, with feasting and with gladness.

New American Bible
The Jews in Susa, however, mustered on the thirteenth and fourteenth of the month. But on the fifteenth they rested, and made it a day of joyful banqueting.

New Revised Standard Version
But the Jews who were in Susa gathered on the thirteenth day and on the fourteenth, and rested on the fifteenth day, making that a day of feasting and gladness.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And made it a day of feasting and gladness;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And they made it a day of banqueting and of joy.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
But the Jews that were in Shushan assembled together on the thirteenth day thereof, and on the fourteenth thereof; and on the fifteenth day of the same they rested, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And the Jews in the city Susa assembled also on the fourteenth day and rested; and they kept also the fifteenth with joy and gladness.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Feast of Purim Instituted
18The Jews in Susa, however, had assembled on the thirteenth and the fourteenth days of the month. So they rested on the fifteenth day, making it a day of feasting and joy. 19This is why the rural Jews, who live in the villages, observe the fourteenth day of the month of Adar as a day of joy and feasting. It is a holiday for sending gifts to one another.…

Cross References
Nehemiah 8:10
Then Nehemiah told them, “Go and eat what is rich, drink what is sweet, and send out portions to those who have nothing prepared, since today is holy to our Lord. Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength.”

Exodus 12:14
And this day will be a memorial for you, and you are to celebrate it as a feast to the LORD, as a permanent statute for the generations to come.

Leviticus 23:39-41
On the fifteenth day of the seventh month, after you have gathered the produce of the land, you are to celebrate a feast to the LORD for seven days. There shall be complete rest on the first day and also on the eighth day. / On the first day you are to gather the fruit of majestic trees, the branches of palm trees, and the boughs of leafy trees and of willows of the brook. And you are to rejoice before the LORD your God for seven days. / You are to celebrate this as a feast to the LORD for seven days each year. This is a permanent statute for the generations to come; you are to celebrate it in the seventh month.

2 Chronicles 30:21-23
The Israelites who were present in Jerusalem celebrated the Feast of Unleavened Bread for seven days with great joy, and the Levites and priests praised the LORD day after day, accompanied by loud instruments of praise to the LORD. / And Hezekiah encouraged all the Levites who performed skillfully before the LORD. For seven days they ate their assigned portion, sacrificing peace offerings and giving thanks to the LORD, the God of their fathers. / The whole assembly agreed to observe seven more days, so they observed seven days with joy.

Psalm 30:11
You turned my mourning into dancing; You peeled off my sackcloth and clothed me with joy,

Psalm 126:2-3
Then our mouths were filled with laughter, our tongues with shouts of joy. Then it was said among the nations, “The LORD has done great things for them.” / The LORD has done great things for us; we are filled with joy.

Isaiah 25:9
And in that day it will be said, “Surely this is our God; we have waited for Him, and He has saved us. This is the LORD for whom we have waited. Let us rejoice and be glad in His salvation.”

Isaiah 35:10
So the redeemed of the LORD will return and enter Zion with singing, crowned with everlasting joy. Gladness and joy will overtake them, and sorrow and sighing will flee.

Zechariah 8:19
“This is what the LORD of Hosts says: The fasts of the fourth, the fifth, the seventh, and the tenth months will become times of joy and gladness, cheerful feasts for the house of Judah. Therefore you are to love both truth and peace.”

John 16:20
Truly, truly, I tell you, you will weep and wail while the world rejoices. You will grieve, but your grief will turn to joy.

John 16:22
So also you have sorrow now, but I will see you again and your hearts will rejoice, and no one will take away your joy.

Acts 2:46-47
With one accord they continued to meet daily in the temple courts and to break bread from house to house, sharing their meals with gladness and sincerity of heart, / praising God and enjoying the favor of all the people. And the Lord added to their number daily those who were being saved.

Romans 12:15
Rejoice with those who rejoice; weep with those who weep.

1 Corinthians 5:8
Therefore let us keep the feast, not with the old bread, leavened with malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and of truth.

2 Corinthians 1:4
who comforts us in all our troubles, so that we can comfort those in any trouble with the comfort we ourselves have received from God.


Treasury of Scripture

But the Jews that were at Shushan assembled together on the thirteenth day thereof, and on the fourteenth thereof; and on the fifteenth day of the same they rested, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.

of the same.

Esther 9:17
On the thirteenth day of the month Adar; and on the fourteenth day of the same rested they, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.

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Assembled Banquet Feasting Fifteenth Fourteenth Gathered Gladness However Jews Making Month Rejoicing Rest Rested Shushan Susa Thereof Thirteenth Together
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Assembled Banquet Feasting Fifteenth Fourteenth Gathered Gladness However Jews Making Month Rejoicing Rest Rested Shushan Susa Thereof Thirteenth Together
Esther 9
1. The Jews slay their enemies, with the ten sons of Haman.
12. Xerxes, at the request of Esther,
14. grants another day of slaughter, and Haman's sons to be hanged.
20. The two days of Purim are instituted.














But the Jews in Susa
The phrase highlights the specific location of Susa, the capital of the Persian Empire, where the Jewish community resided. Historically, Susa was a significant city, serving as a center of power and influence. The Jews in Susa were directly under the influence of the royal edicts and the events that transpired in the king's court, making their actions particularly noteworthy. This setting underscores the miraculous nature of their deliverance and the divine providence at work in a place of such political significance.

assembled on the thirteenth and fourteenth days
The act of assembling indicates a communal gathering, which in the Hebrew context often implies unity and collective action. The thirteenth and fourteenth days of Adar were initially days of defense against their enemies, as decreed by Mordecai's counter-edict. This assembly was not just a physical gathering but a spiritual and emotional unification of the Jewish people, standing together in faith and courage against their adversaries.

of the month of Adar
Adar is the twelfth month in the Hebrew calendar, typically falling in February or March. It is a month associated with joy and deliverance, culminating in the celebration of Purim. The historical context of Adar as a time of transformation from sorrow to joy is deeply embedded in Jewish tradition, symbolizing God's sovereignty and the reversal of fortunes for His people.

They rested on the fifteenth day
Resting signifies a cessation from labor and conflict, a theme prevalent throughout the Bible as a symbol of peace and divine provision. The fifteenth day marked the end of their struggle and the beginning of their celebration. This rest is reminiscent of the Sabbath rest, a time to reflect on God's faithfulness and to rejuvenate spiritually and physically.

making it a day of feasting and joy
Feasting and joy are expressions of gratitude and celebration in response to God's deliverance. In the Hebrew tradition, feasting is often associated with covenantal meals, communal sharing, and the acknowledgment of God's blessings. The joy experienced by the Jews in Susa was not merely a temporary happiness but a profound, spiritual rejoicing in the Lord's salvation and the reversal of their fate. This celebration laid the foundation for the annual festival of Purim, a perpetual reminder of God's faithfulness and the triumph of His people over adversity.

(18) On the fifteenth day . . . they rested.--Both the fourteenth and fifteenth days are now kept as the festival of Purim, the former day being the chief.

Verse 18. - The Jews which were at Shushan assembled together. i.e. "gathered themselves together to bathe." The verb is the same as that used in ver. 16 of this chapter; and in Esther 8:11; Esther 9:2.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The Jews
וְהַיְּהוּדִ֣ים (wə·hay·yə·hū·ḏîm)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 3064: Jews -- Jewish

in Susa, however,
בְּשׁוּשָׁ֗ן (bə·šū·šān)
Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 7800: Susa -- residence of person kings

had assembled
נִקְהֲלוּ֙ (niq·hă·lū)
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 6950: To gather as an assembly or congregation

on the thirteenth
בִּשְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה (biš·lō·šāh)
Preposition-b | Number - masculine singular
Strong's 7969: Three, third, thrice

and the fourteenth
וּבְאַרְבָּעָ֥ה (ū·ḇə·’ar·bā·‘āh)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Number - masculine singular
Strong's 702: Four

days of the month.
עָשָׂ֖ר (‘ā·śār)
Number - masculine singular
Strong's 6240: Ten

So they rested
וְנ֗וֹחַ (wə·nō·w·aḥ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute
Strong's 5117: To rest, settle down

on the fifteenth
בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֤ה (ba·ḥă·miš·šāh)
Preposition-b, Article | Number - masculine singular
Strong's 2568: Five

day,
עָשָׂר֙ (‘ā·śār)
Number - masculine singular
Strong's 6240: Ten

making
וְעָשֹׂ֣ה (wə·‘ā·śōh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute
Strong's 6213: To do, make

it
אֹת֔וֹ (’ō·ṯōw)
Direct object marker | third person masculine singular
Strong's 853: Untranslatable mark of the accusative case

a day
י֖וֹם (yō·wm)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3117: A day

of feasting
מִשְׁתֶּ֥ה (miš·teh)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4960: Drink, drinking, a banquet, feast

and joy.
וְשִׂמְחָֽה׃ (wə·śim·ḥāh)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8057: Blithesomeness, glee


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OT History: Esther 9:18 But the Jews who were in Shushan (Est Esth. Es)
Esther 9:17
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