Deuteronomy 14:12
New International Version
But these you may not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the black vulture,

New Living Translation
These are the birds you may not eat: the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

English Standard Version
But these are the ones that you shall not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

Berean Standard Bible
but these you may not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

King James Bible
But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,

New King James Version
But these you shall not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the buzzard,

New American Standard Bible
But these are the ones that you shall not eat: the eagle and the vulture and the buzzard,

NASB 1995
“But these are the ones which you shall not eat: the eagle and the vulture and the buzzard,

NASB 1977
“But these are the ones which you shall not eat: the eagle and the vulture and the buzzard,

Legacy Standard Bible
But these are the ones which you shall not eat: the eagle and the vulture and the buzzard,

Amplified Bible
But these are the ones which you shall not eat: the eagle, the vulture, and the black buzzard,

Christian Standard Bible
but these are the ones you may not eat: eagles, bearded vultures, black vultures,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
but these are the ones you may not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

American Standard Version
But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the eagle, and the gier-eagle, and the ospray,

English Revised Version
But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the eagle, and the gier eagle, and the ospray;

GOD'S WORD® Translation
But here are the birds that you should never eat: eagles, bearded vultures, black vultures,

International Standard Version
But you must not eat from any of these: the eagle, vulture, osprey,

Majority Standard Bible
but these you may not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

NET Bible
These are the ones you may not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the black vulture,

New Heart English Bible
But these are they of which you shall not eat: the eagle, and the vulture, and the osprey,

Webster's Bible Translation
But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,

World English Bible
But these are they of which you shall not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the osprey,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and these [are] they of which you do not eat: the eagle, and the bearded vulture, and the osprey,

Young's Literal Translation
and these are they of which ye do not eat: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,

Smith's Literal Translation
And this which ye shall not eat from them: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the sea eagle,
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The unclean eat not: to wit, the eagle, and the grype, and the osprey,

Catholic Public Domain Version
You shall not eat those that are unclean: such as the eagle, and the griffin, and the osprey,

New American Bible
But you shall not eat any of the following: the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

New Revised Standard Version
But these are the ones that you shall not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the osprey,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
But these are the ones of which you shall not eat: the eagle, the vulture, and the raven after its kind,

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And these you will not eat of them: the eagle and the vulture,
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the great vulture, and the bearded vulture, and the ospray;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And these of them ye shall not eat; the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the sea-eagle,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Clean and Unclean Animals
11You may eat any clean bird, 12but these you may not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture, 13the red kite, the falcon, any kind of kite,…

Cross References
Leviticus 11:13-19
Additionally, you are to detest the following birds, and they must not be eaten because they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture, / the kite, any kind of falcon, / any kind of raven, ...

Acts 10:12-15
It contained all kinds of four-footed animals and reptiles of the earth, as well as birds of the air. / Then a voice said to him: “Get up, Peter, kill and eat!” / “No, Lord!” Peter answered. “I have never eaten anything impure or unclean.” ...

Genesis 7:2-3
You are to take with you seven pairs of every kind of clean animal, a male and its mate; a pair of every kind of unclean animal, a male and its mate; / and seven pairs of every kind of bird of the air, male and female, to preserve their offspring on the face of all the earth.

Matthew 23:37
O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were unwilling!

Isaiah 40:31
But those who wait upon the LORD will renew their strength; they will mount up with wings like eagles; they will run and not grow weary, they will walk and not faint.

Ezekiel 17:3-4
and tell them that this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘A great eagle with great wings and long pinions, full of feathers of many colors, came to Lebanon and took away the top of the cedar. / He plucked off its topmost shoot, carried it to the land of merchants, and planted it in a city of traders.

Job 39:27-30
Does the eagle soar at your command and make his nest on high? / He dwells on a cliff and lodges there; his stronghold is on a rocky crag. / From there he spies out food; his eyes see it from afar. ...

Luke 12:24
Consider the ravens: They do not sow or reap, they have no storehouse or barn; yet God feeds them. How much more valuable you are than the birds!

1 Kings 17:4-6
And you are to drink from the brook, and I have commanded the ravens to feed you there.” / So Elijah did what the LORD had told him, and he went and lived by the Brook of Cherith, east of the Jordan. / The ravens would bring him bread and meat in the morning and evening, and he would drink from the brook.

Psalm 103:5
who satisfies you with good things, so that your youth is renewed like the eagle’s.

Hosea 8:1
Put the ram’s horn to your lips! An eagle looms over the house of the LORD, because the people have transgressed My covenant and rebelled against My law.

Revelation 19:17-18
Then I saw an angel standing in the sun, and he cried out in a loud voice to all the birds flying overhead, “Come, gather together for the great supper of God, / so that you may eat the flesh of kings and commanders and mighty men, of horses and riders, of everyone slave and free, small and great.”

Jeremiah 4:13
Behold, he advances like the clouds, his chariots like the whirlwind. His horses are swifter than eagles. Woe to us, for we are ruined!

Proverbs 30:17
As for the eye that mocks a father and scorns obedience to a mother, may the ravens of the valley pluck it out and young vultures devour it.

Isaiah 46:11
I summon a bird of prey from the east, a man for My purpose from a far-off land. Truly I have spoken, and truly I will bring it to pass. I have planned it, and I will surely do it.


Treasury of Scripture

But these are they of which you shall not eat: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,

Leviticus 11:13-19
And these are they which ye shall have in abomination among the fowls; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray, …

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Bearded Birds Black Buzzard Eagle Eat Ones Ospray Osprey Ossifrage Sea-Eagle Vulture
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Deuteronomy 14
1. God's children are not to disfigure themselves in mourning
3. What may and may not be eaten
4. of animals
9. of fishes
11. of fowls
21. That which dies of itself may not be eaten
22. Tithes of Divine Service
23. Tithes and firstborns to be eaten before the Lord
28. The third year's tithe of alms and charity














But these are the ones you may not eat
This phrase introduces a list of prohibitions regarding dietary laws given to the Israelites. The Hebrew word for "may not eat" is "לא תאכלו" (lo to'khelu), which is a direct command. This reflects the covenantal relationship between God and Israel, where obedience to dietary laws was a sign of holiness and separation from other nations. The dietary restrictions were not merely about health but were deeply spiritual, symbolizing purity and dedication to God.

the eagle
The Hebrew word for "eagle" is "נשר" (nesher). The eagle is often seen as a symbol of strength and swiftness in the Bible, as in Isaiah 40:31, where those who hope in the Lord will "soar on wings like eagles." However, in this context, the eagle is considered unclean. This prohibition may be due to the eagle's nature as a bird of prey, which feeds on carrion, symbolizing death and impurity. The Israelites were called to be a people set apart, avoiding anything associated with death and decay.

the vulture
The Hebrew term for "vulture" is "פרס" (peres). Vultures are scavengers, feeding on dead animals, which made them ritually unclean. In the ancient Near Eastern context, vultures were often associated with desolation and destruction, as seen in prophetic imagery (e.g., Isaiah 34:15). By avoiding such birds, the Israelites were reminded of their call to life and holiness, distancing themselves from symbols of death.

the black vulture
The phrase "black vulture" translates from the Hebrew "עזניה" (azniyah). This bird, like the vulture, is a scavenger and thus considered unclean. The specific mention of the "black vulture" may emphasize the avoidance of all scavenging birds, reinforcing the theme of separation from death and impurity. In a broader sense, this prohibition underscores the importance of discernment and obedience in the life of faith, as the Israelites were to carefully distinguish between clean and unclean, holy and profane.

(12) These are they of which ye shall not eat.--With one exception, the unclean birds are the same described in Leviticus 11:13-19.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
but these
וְזֶ֕ה (wə·zeh)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - masculine singular
Strong's 2088: This, that

you may not
לֹֽא־ (lō-)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

eat:
תֹאכְל֖וּ (ṯō·ḵə·lū)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 398: To eat

the eagle,
הַנֶּ֥שֶׁר (han·ne·šer)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5404: The eagle

the vulture,
וְהַפֶּ֖רֶס (wə·hap·pe·res)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6538: (a bird of prey) perhaps bearded vulture

the black vulture,
וְהָֽעָזְנִיָּֽה׃ (wə·hā·‘ā·zə·nî·yāh)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5822: (a bird of prey) perhaps vulture


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OT Law: Deuteronomy 14:12 But these are they of which you (Deut. De Du)
Deuteronomy 14:11
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