1 Kings 11:23
New International Version
And God raised up against Solomon another adversary, Rezon son of Eliada, who had fled from his master, Hadadezer king of Zobah.

New Living Translation
God also raised up Rezon son of Eliada as Solomon’s adversary. Rezon had fled from his master, King Hadadezer of Zobah,

English Standard Version
God also raised up as an adversary to him, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his master Hadadezer king of Zobah.

Berean Standard Bible
And God raised up against Solomon another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his master, Hadadezer king of Zobah,

King James Bible
And God stirred him up another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliadah, which fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah:

New King James Version
And God raised up another adversary against him, Rezon the son of Eliadah, who had fled from his lord, Hadadezer king of Zobah.

New American Standard Bible
God also raised up another adversary against him, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his master Hadadezer, king of Zobah.

NASB 1995
God also raised up another adversary to him, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah.

NASB 1977
God also raised up another adversary to him, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah.

Legacy Standard Bible
And God raised up another adversary to him, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah.

Amplified Bible
God also stirred up another adversary for Solomon, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his master, Hadadezer king of Zobah.

Christian Standard Bible
God raised up Rezon son of Eliada as an enemy against Solomon. Rezon had fled from his master King Hadadezer of Zobah

Holman Christian Standard Bible
God raised up Rezon son of Eliada as an enemy against Solomon. Rezon had fled from his master Hadadezer king of Zobah

American Standard Version
And God raised up another adversary unto him, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah.

Contemporary English Version
Here is how God made Rezon son of Eliada an enemy of Solomon: Rezon had run away from his master, King Hadadezer of Zobah.

English Revised Version
And God raised up another adversary unto him, Rezon the son of Eliada, which had fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
God also raised up Rezon, son of Eliada, as a rival to Solomon. Rezon fled from his master, King Hadadezer of Zobah,

Good News Translation
God also caused Rezon son of Eliada to turn against Solomon. Rezon had fled from his master, King Hadadezer of Zobah,

International Standard Version
God also raised up Eliada's son Rezon, who had escaped from his master King Hadadezer of Zobah.

Majority Standard Bible
And God raised up against Solomon another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his master, Hadadezer king of Zobah,

NET Bible
God also brought against Solomon another enemy, Rezon son of Eliada who had run away from his master, King Hadadezer of Zobah.

New Heart English Bible
God raised up an adversary to him, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah.

Webster's Bible Translation
And God stirred him up another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliadah, who fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah:

World English Bible
God raised up an adversary to him, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his lord, Hadadezer king of Zobah.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And God raises an adversary against him, Rezon son of Eliadah, who has fled from Hadadezer king of Zobah, his lord,

Young's Literal Translation
And God raiseth to him an adversary, Rezon son of Eliadah, who hath fled from Hadadezer king of Zobah, his lord,

Smith's Literal Translation
And God will raise up to him an adversary, Rezon, son of Eliadah, who lied from Hadadezer king of Zobah his lord.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
God also raised up against him an adversary, Razon the son of Eliada, 'who had fled from his master Adarezer the king of Soba:

Catholic Public Domain Version
Also, God raised up against him an adversary, Rezon, the son of Eliada, who had fled from his lord, Hadad-Ezer, the king of Zobah.

New American Bible
God raised up against Solomon another adversary, Rezon, the son of Eliada, who had fled from his lord, Hadadezer, king of Zobah,

New Revised Standard Version
God raised up another adversary against Solomon, Rezon son of Eliada, who had fled from his master, King Hadadezer of Zobah.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
God also stirred up against Solomon another adversary, Hidron the son of Eliadah, who had fled from his lord Hadarezer king of Zobah;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And LORD JEHOVAH raised up to him an adversary, Hedrun, son of Elida, who had fled from the presence of Hedarezar, King of Tsuba, his Master.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And God raised up another adversary unto him, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah.

Brenton Septuagint Translation


Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Rezon's Hostility
23And God raised up against Solomon another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his master, Hadadezer king of Zobah, 24and had gathered men to himself. When David killed the Zobaites, Rezon captained a band of raiders and went to Damascus, where they settled and gained control.…

Cross References
2 Samuel 8:3-8
David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, who had marched out to restore his dominion along the Euphrates River. / David captured from him a thousand chariots, seven thousand charioteers, and twenty thousand foot soldiers, and he hamstrung all the horses except a hundred he kept for the chariots. / When the Arameans of Damascus came to help King Hadadezer of Zobah, David struck down twenty-two thousand of their men. ...

2 Kings 8:20-22
In the days of Jehoram, Edom rebelled against the hand of Judah and appointed their own king. / So Jehoram crossed over to Zair with all his chariots. When the Edomites surrounded him and his chariot commanders, he rose up and attacked by night. His troops, however, fled to their homes. / So to this day Edom has been in rebellion against the hand of Judah. Likewise, Libnah rebelled at the same time.

1 Kings 11:14
Then the LORD raised up against Solomon an adversary, Hadad the Edomite, from the royal line of Edom.

1 Kings 11:26-40
Now Jeroboam son of Nebat was an Ephraimite from Zeredah whose mother was a widow named Zeruah. Jeroboam was a servant of Solomon, but he rebelled against the king, / and this is the account of his rebellion against the king. Solomon had built the supporting terraces and repaired the gap in the wall of the city of his father David. / Now Jeroboam was a mighty man of valor. So when Solomon noticed that the young man was industrious, he put him in charge of the whole labor force of the house of Joseph. ...

2 Chronicles 21:8-10
In the days of Jehoram, Edom rebelled against the hand of Judah and appointed their own king. / So Jehoram crossed into Edom with his officers and all his chariots. When the Edomites surrounded him and his chariot commanders, he rose up and attacked by night. / So to this day Edom has been in rebellion against the hand of Judah. Likewise, Libnah rebelled against his hand at the same time, because Jehoram had forsaken the LORD, the God of his fathers.

Isaiah 7:1-9
Now in the days that Ahaz son of Jotham, the son of Uzziah, was king of Judah, Rezin king of Aram marched up to wage war against Jerusalem. He was accompanied by Pekah son of Remaliah the king of Israel, but he could not overpower the city. / When it was reported to the house of David that Aram was in league with Ephraim, the hearts of Ahaz and his people trembled like trees in the forest shaken by the wind. / Then the LORD said to Isaiah, “Go out with your son Shear-jashub to meet Ahaz at the end of the aqueduct that feeds the upper pool, on the road to the Launderer’s Field, ...

Isaiah 11:14
They will swoop down on the slopes of the Philistines to the west; together they will plunder the sons of the east. They will lay their hands on Edom and Moab, and the Ammonites will be subject to them.

Jeremiah 49:1-6
Concerning the Ammonites, this is what the LORD says: “Has Israel no sons? Is he without heir? Why then has Milcom taken possession of Gad? Why have his people settled in their cities? / Therefore, behold, the days are coming, declares the LORD, when I will sound the battle cry against Rabbah of the Ammonites. It will become a heap of ruins, and its villages will be burned. Then Israel will drive out their dispossessors, says the LORD. / Wail, O Heshbon, for Ai has been destroyed; cry out, O daughters of Rabbah! Put on sackcloth and mourn; run back and forth within your walls, for Milcom will go into exile together with his priests and officials. ...

Amos 1:13-15
This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of the Ammonites, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they ripped open the pregnant women of Gilead in order to enlarge their territory. / So I will kindle a fire in the walls of Rabbah to consume its citadels amid war cries on the day of battle and a violent wind on the day of tempest. / Their king will go into exile—he and his princes together,” says the LORD.

Acts 13:21-22
Then the people asked for a king, and God gave them Saul son of Kish, from the tribe of Benjamin, who ruled forty years. / After removing Saul, He raised up David as their king and testified about him: ‘I have found David son of Jesse a man after My own heart; he will carry out My will in its entirety.’

Romans 8:28
And we know that God works all things together for the good of those who love Him, who are called according to His purpose.

1 Corinthians 10:11
Now these things happened to them as examples and were written down as warnings for us, on whom the fulfillment of the ages has come.

Hebrews 11:32-34
And what more shall I say? Time will not allow me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, Samuel, and the prophets, / who through faith conquered kingdoms, administered justice, and gained what was promised; who shut the mouths of lions, / quenched the raging fire, and escaped the edge of the sword; who gained strength from weakness, became mighty in battle, and put foreign armies to flight.

James 1:13-15
When tempted, no one should say, “God is tempting me.” For God cannot be tempted by evil, nor does He tempt anyone. / But each one is tempted when by his own evil desires he is lured away and enticed. / Then after desire has conceived, it gives birth to sin; and sin, when it is full-grown, gives birth to death.

1 Peter 5:8
Be sober-minded and alert. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.


Treasury of Scripture

And God stirred him up another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliadah, which fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah:

God

1 Kings 11:14
And the LORD stirred up an adversary unto Solomon, Hadad the Edomite: he was of the king's seed in Edom.

2 Samuel 16:11
And David said to Abishai, and to all his servants, Behold, my son, which came forth of my bowels, seeketh my life: how much more now may this Benjamite do it? let him alone, and let him curse; for the LORD hath bidden him.

Ezra 1:1
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah might be fulfilled, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,

Hadadezer

2 Samuel 8:3
David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates.

2 Samuel 10:8,15-18
And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entering in of the gate: and the Syrians of Zoba, and of Rehob, and Ishtob, and Maacah, were by themselves in the field…

1 Chronicles 18:3-9
And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah unto Hamath, as he went to stablish his dominion by the river Euphrates…

Hadarezer

Psalm 60:1
To the chief Musician upon Shushaneduth, Michtam of David, to teach; when he strove with Aramnaharaim and with Aramzobah, when Joab returned, and smote of Edom in the valley of salt twelve thousand. O God, thou hast cast us off, thou hast scattered us, thou hast been displeased; O turn thyself to us again.

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Adversary Eliada Eli'ada Fled Flight Hadadezer Hadade'zer Master Raised Raiseth Rezon Solomon Stirred Zobah
1 Kings 11
1. Solomon's wives and concubines
4. In his old age they draw him to idolatry
9. God threatens him,
14. Solomon's adversaries were Hadad, who was entertained in Egypt
23. Rezon, who reigned in Damascus
26. And Jeroboam, to whom Ahijah prophesied
41. Solomon's acts, reign, and death. Rehoboam succeeds him














And God raised up
This phrase indicates divine intervention in the affairs of men. The Hebrew root for "raised up" is "קוּם" (qum), which means to establish or set up. In the context of 1 Kings, it underscores God's sovereignty and His active role in the unfolding of history. God is not passive; He orchestrates events to fulfill His purposes, even using adversaries to discipline and redirect His people.

against Solomon
Solomon, despite his wisdom and the prosperity of his reign, had turned away from God by allowing idolatry to flourish. The phrase "against Solomon" highlights the personal nature of this divine action. It serves as a reminder that no one, not even a king, is beyond accountability. Solomon's disobedience had consequences, and God was actively working to bring him back to righteousness.

another adversary
The Hebrew word for "adversary" is "שָׂטָן" (satan), which can mean opponent or accuser. This is not just a physical enemy but a spiritual and moral challenge. The presence of adversaries in Solomon's life is a reflection of the spiritual warfare that believers face. It is a call to remain vigilant and faithful, recognizing that challenges can be opportunities for growth and repentance.

Rezon son of Eliada
Rezon's introduction as an adversary is significant. His name, "רְזוֹן" (Rezon), means "prince" or "ruler," suggesting a person of influence and power. The mention of his lineage, "son of Eliada," provides historical context, grounding the narrative in real events and people. It reminds us that God's plans often involve individuals who may seem insignificant but are used mightily in His divine narrative.

who had fled from his master
This phrase indicates a past conflict and a break from authority. Rezon's flight from his master, Hadadezer, king of Zobah, suggests a history of rebellion and ambition. It reflects the broader theme of rebellion against God, as seen in Solomon's own life. This historical detail serves as a metaphor for the spiritual journey, where fleeing from worldly masters can lead to a confrontation with divine authority.

Hadadezer king of Zobah
Hadadezer, whose name means "Hadad is my help," was a powerful king in the region of Zobah, a Syrian kingdom. The historical context of Zobah as a significant power in the Near East during this period provides insight into the geopolitical dynamics at play. This reference to Hadadezer situates Rezon's rebellion within a larger narrative of regional power struggles, illustrating how God uses even international politics to accomplish His will.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Rezon
Rezon was the son of Eliada and became an adversary to King Solomon. His opposition was part of God's judgment against Solomon for his disobedience.

2. Eliada
The father of Rezon. Not much is detailed about Eliada, but his son played a significant role in opposing Solomon.

3. Solomon
The King of Israel, known for his wisdom, wealth, and building projects, including the Temple in Jerusalem. However, his heart turned away from God due to his foreign wives and idolatry.

4. Hadad
Another adversary raised by God against Solomon, from Edom. His opposition, along with Rezon's, was a consequence of Solomon's disobedience.

5. Edom
A region south of Israel, historically in conflict with Israel. Hadad, from Edom, was one of the adversaries God raised against Solomon.
Teaching Points
Consequences of Disobedience
Solomon's turning away from God led to the rise of adversaries. Disobedience to God's commands can lead to negative consequences in our lives.

God's Sovereignty
God raised up adversaries against Solomon, demonstrating His control over nations and leaders. We can trust in God's sovereignty even when facing opposition.

The Importance of Faithfulness
Solomon's account is a reminder of the importance of remaining faithful to God throughout our lives, not just at the beginning.

The Danger of Compromise
Solomon's alliances through marriage led to idolatry. Compromising our values can lead us away from God.

Repentance and Restoration
While Solomon faced consequences, the broader biblical account shows that repentance can lead to restoration. We should seek God's forgiveness and return to Him.(23) Rezon the son of Eliadah.--The name Rezon, which is not unlike the "Rezin" of 2 Kings 16, appears to signify "prince," and might naturally mark the founder of a new power. In 1Kings 20:18 we read of a Hezion, king of Damascus, who would belong to this generation, and may be identical with Rezon. The tradition quoted by Josephus (Ant. vii. 5, 2) from Nicolaus of Damascus, that for ten generations from the days of David, all the kings of Syria bore the name of Hadad, probably means only that the title Hadad was the official title of the monarchy.

Verse 23. - And God stirred him up another adversary [almost identical with ver. 14], Rezon the son of Eliadah [Often identified with the Hezion of 1 Kings 15:18, but on insufficient grounds. Whether he was a usurper, who had dethroned Hadad (see Jos., Ant., 6:05. 2), or an officer of Hadadezer's, who escaped either before or after the battle of 2 Samuel 8:3-5, is uncertain. The following words agree equally well with either supposition], which fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
And God
אֱלֹהִ֥ים (’ĕ·lō·hîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 430: gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative

raised up
וַיָּ֨קֶם (way·yā·qem)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6965: To arise, stand up, stand

against [Solomon]
לוֹ֙ (lōw)
Preposition | third person masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew

[another] adversary,
שָׂטָ֔ן (śā·ṭān)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7854: An opponent -- Satan, the arch-enemy of good

Rezon
רְז֖וֹן (rə·zō·wn)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 7331: Rezon -- an Aramean (Syrian) of Solomon's time

the son
בֶּן־ (ben-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Eliada,
אֶלְיָדָ֑ע (’el·yā·ḏā‘)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 450: Eliada -- 'God knows', three Israelites

who
אֲשֶׁ֣ר (’ă·šer)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

had fled
בָּרַ֗ח (bā·raḥ)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1272: To bolt, to flee suddenly

from
מֵאֵ֛ת (mê·’êṯ)
Preposition-m | Direct object marker
Strong's 853: Untranslatable mark of the accusative case

his master,
אֲדֹנָֽיו׃ (’ă·ḏō·nāw)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 113: Sovereign, controller

Hadadezer
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר (hă·ḏaḏ·‘e·zer)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1909: Hadadezer -- 'Hadad is help(er)', an Aramean (Syrian) king

king
מֶֽלֶךְ־ (me·leḵ-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of Zobah
צוֹבָ֖ה (ṣō·w·ḇāh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6678: Zobah -- an Aramean (Syrian) kingdom


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OT History: 1 Kings 11:23 God raised up another adversary to him (1Ki iKi i Ki 1 Kg 1kg)
1 Kings 11:22
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