Luke 3:2
New International Version
during the high-priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John son of Zechariah in the wilderness.

New Living Translation
Annas and Caiaphas were the high priests. At this time a message from God came to John son of Zechariah, who was living in the wilderness.

English Standard Version
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John the son of Zechariah in the wilderness.

Berean Standard Bible
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John son of Zechariah in the wilderness.

Berean Literal Bible
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came upon John son of Zechariah in the wilderness.

King James Bible
Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests, the word of God came unto John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.

New King James Version
while Annas and Caiaphas were high priests, the word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.

New American Standard Bible
in the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John, the son of Zechariah, in the wilderness.

NASB 1995
in the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John, the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness.

NASB 1977
in the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John, the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness.

Legacy Standard Bible
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John, the son of Zechariah, in the wilderness.

Amplified Bible
in the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas [his son-in-law], the word of God came to John, the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness.

Christian Standard Bible
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, God’s word came to John the son of Zechariah in the wilderness.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, God’s word came to John the son of Zechariah in the wilderness.

American Standard Version
in the high-priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came unto John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.

Contemporary English Version
Annas and Caiaphas were the Jewish high priests. At that time God spoke to Zechariah's son John, who was living in the desert.

English Revised Version
in the high-priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came unto John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
It was at the time when Annas and Caiaphas were chief priests that God spoke to John, son of Zechariah, in the desert.

Good News Translation
and Annas and Caiaphas were High Priests. At that time the word of God came to John son of Zechariah in the desert.

International Standard Version
and Annas and Caiaphas high priests, a message from God came to John, the son of Zechariah, in the wilderness.

Majority Standard Bible
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John son of Zechariah in the wilderness.

NET Bible
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John the son of Zechariah in the wilderness.

New Heart English Bible
in the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John, the son of Zechariah, in the wilderness.

Webster's Bible Translation
Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests, the word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.

Weymouth New Testament
during the High-priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, a message from God came to John, the son of Zechariah, in the Desert.

World English Bible
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John, the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
[and] Annas and Caiaphas being chief priests—there came a word of God to John the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness,

Berean Literal Bible
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came upon John son of Zechariah in the wilderness.

Young's Literal Translation
Annas and Caiaphas being chief priests -- there came a word of God unto John the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness,

Smith's Literal Translation
Upon Annas and Caiaphas being chief priests, the word of God was upon John, son of Zacharias in the desert.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Under the high priests Annas and Caiphas; the word of the Lord was made unto John, the son of Zachary, in the desert.

Catholic Public Domain Version
under the high priests Annas and Caiaphas: the word of the Lord came to John, the son of Zechariah, in the wilderness.

New American Bible
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John the son of Zechariah in the desert.

New Revised Standard Version
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John son of Zechariah in the wilderness.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
During the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John, son of Zacharias, in the wilderness.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
During The High Priesthood of Khanan and of Qaiapha, the word of God came upon Yohannan, son of Zachariah, in the wilderness.
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
Annas and Caiaphas being chief priests, the word of God came to John the son of Zachariah, in the wilderness.

Godbey New Testament
and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.

Haweis New Testament
when Annas and Caiaphas were high-priests, the word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness;

Mace New Testament
under the pontificate of Annas and Caiaphas, JOHN, the son of Zacharias, received his divine commission in the wilderness.

Weymouth New Testament
during the High-priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, a message from God came to John, the son of Zechariah, in the Desert.

Worrell New Testament
in the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John, the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness;

Worsley New Testament
and Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene, Annas and Caiaphas being high priests, the word of God came unto John the Son of Zacharias in the wilderness:

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Mission of John the Baptist
1In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, while Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, Herod tetrarch of Galilee, his brother Philip tetrarch of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene, 2during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John son of Zechariah in the wilderness. 3He went into all the region around the Jordan, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins,…

Cross References
Matthew 3:1-3
In those days John the Baptist came, preaching in the wilderness of Judea / and saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near.” / This is he who was spoken of through the prophet Isaiah: “A voice of one calling in the wilderness, ‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make straight paths for Him.’”

Mark 1:2-4
As it is written in Isaiah the prophet: “Behold, I will send My messenger ahead of You, who will prepare Your way.” / “A voice of one calling in the wilderness, ‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make straight paths for Him.’” / John the Baptist appeared in the wilderness, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.

John 1:19-23
And this was John’s testimony when the Jews of Jerusalem sent priests and Levites to ask him, “Who are you?” / He did not refuse to confess, but openly declared, “I am not the Christ.” / “Then who are you?” they inquired. “Are you Elijah?” He said, “I am not.” “Are you the Prophet?” He answered, “No.” ...

Acts 13:24-25
Before the arrival of Jesus, John preached a baptism of repentance to all the people of Israel. / As John was completing his course, he said, ‘Who do you suppose I am? I am not that One. But there is One coming after me whose sandals I am not worthy to untie.’

Isaiah 40:3
A voice of one calling: “Prepare the way for the LORD in the wilderness; make a straight highway for our God in the desert.

Malachi 3:1
“Behold, I will send My messenger, who will prepare the way before Me. Then the Lord whom you seek will suddenly come to His temple—the Messenger of the covenant, in whom you delight—see, He is coming,” says the LORD of Hosts.

Malachi 4:5-6
Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and awesome Day of the LORD. / And he will turn the hearts of the fathers to their children, and the hearts of the children to their fathers. Otherwise, I will come and strike the land with a curse.”

Matthew 11:10
This is the one about whom it is written: ‘Behold, I will send My messenger ahead of You, who will prepare Your way before You.’

Matthew 11:14
And if you are willing to accept it, he is the Elijah who was to come.

Mark 9:11-13
And they asked Jesus, “Why do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?” / He replied, “Elijah does indeed come first, and he restores all things. Why then is it written that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected? / But I tell you that Elijah has indeed come, and they have done to him whatever they wished, just as it is written about him.”

John 3:28
You yourselves can testify that I said, ‘I am not the Christ, but am sent ahead of Him.’

Acts 19:4
Paul explained: “John’s baptism was a baptism of repentance. He told the people to believe in the One coming after him, that is, in Jesus.”

2 Kings 1:8
“He was a hairy man,” they answered, “with a leather belt around his waist.” “It was Elijah the Tishbite,” said the king.

2 Kings 3:11
But Jehoshaphat asked, “Is there no prophet of the LORD here? Let us inquire of the LORD through him.” And one of the servants of the king of Israel answered, “Elisha son of Shaphat is here. He used to pour water on the hands of Elijah.”

1 Kings 17:1
Now Elijah the Tishbite, who was among the settlers of Gilead, said to Ahab, “As surely as the LORD, the God of Israel, lives, before whom I stand, there will be neither dew nor rain in these years except at my word!”


Treasury of Scripture

Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests, the word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.

Annas.

John 11:49-51
And one of them, named Caiaphas, being the high priest that same year, said unto them, Ye know nothing at all, …

John 18:13,14,24
And led him away to Annas first; for he was father in law to Caiaphas, which was the high priest that same year…

Acts 4:6
And Annas the high priest, and Caiaphas, and John, and Alexander, and as many as were of the kindred of the high priest, were gathered together at Jerusalem.

the word.

Luke 1:59-63
And it came to pass, that on the eighth day they came to circumcise the child; and they called him Zacharias, after the name of his father…

Jeremiah 1:2
To whom the word of the LORD came in the days of Josiah the son of Amon king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign.

Jeremiah 2:1
Moreover the word of the LORD came to me, saying,

in.

Luke 1:80
And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, and was in the deserts till the day of his shewing unto Israel.

Isaiah 40:3
The voice of him that crieth in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the LORD, make straight in the desert a highway for our God.

Matthew 3:1
In those days came John the Baptist, preaching in the wilderness of Judaea,

Jump to Previous
Abilene Annas Caesar Caiaphas Ca'iaphas Desert Fifteenth Galilee Governor Herod High High-Priesthood Ituraea John Judaea Lysanias Philip Pilate Pontius Priesthood Priests Reign Tetrarch Tiberius Trachonitis Wilderness Word Zacharias Zechariah Zechari'ah
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Abilene Annas Caesar Caiaphas Ca'iaphas Desert Fifteenth Galilee Governor Herod High High-Priesthood Ituraea John Judaea Lysanias Philip Pilate Pontius Priesthood Priests Reign Tetrarch Tiberius Trachonitis Wilderness Word Zacharias Zechariah Zechari'ah
Luke 3
1. The preaching and baptism of John;
15. his testimony of Jesus;
19. Herod imprisons John;
21. Jesus, baptized, receives testimony from heaven.
23. The age and genealogy of Jesus from Joseph upwards.














during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas
This phrase situates the narrative within a specific historical and religious context. Annas and Caiaphas were influential figures in the Jewish religious hierarchy. Annas, though not the acting high priest at the time, retained significant influence, having been succeeded by his son-in-law Caiaphas. The dual mention of their high priesthood underscores the political and religious complexities of the time, as the high priesthood was often subject to Roman influence. This setting highlights the tension between the Jewish authorities and the emerging Christian message, as well as the corruption and political maneuvering that characterized the religious leadership of the period.

the word of God
This phrase signifies divine revelation and authority. In the Greek, "word" is "logos," which conveys not just spoken words but the divine reason and creative order. The "word of God" coming to John indicates a direct communication from God, affirming John's prophetic role. This divine message is a continuation of the Old Testament prophetic tradition, where prophets received God's word to deliver to the people. It emphasizes the authenticity and divine origin of John's mission, setting the stage for the transformative message he would proclaim.

came to John
The phrase "came to John" suggests a divine initiative. John, known as John the Baptist, is depicted as a pivotal figure in the New Testament, bridging the Old and New Testaments. The Greek verb "came" (egeneto) implies an event of significant importance, marking the beginning of John's public ministry. This divine encounter underscores John's role as the forerunner to Christ, preparing the way for the Messiah through his call to repentance and baptism.

son of Zechariah
This phrase identifies John by his lineage, linking him to his father, Zechariah, a priest. This connection to a priestly family highlights John's legitimacy and his role within the Jewish religious tradition. Zechariah's own encounter with the angel Gabriel, as recorded in Luke 1, foretold John's birth and mission. This familial reference serves to remind readers of the miraculous circumstances surrounding John's birth and the divine purpose assigned to him even before his birth.

in the wilderness
The wilderness is a place of spiritual significance in biblical narratives. It is often depicted as a place of testing, purification, and divine encounter. For John, the wilderness represents a place of solitude and preparation, away from the corruption of the cities and religious institutions. It is in this desolate setting that John receives God's word, symbolizing a return to purity and a break from the established religious order. The wilderness also evokes the imagery of the Israelites' journey and their reliance on God, setting the stage for John's call to repentance and renewal.

(2) Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests.--Strictly speaking, there could be only one high priest, and the office was filled at this time by Caiaphas. Annas had been appointed by the Roman Procurator Quirinus, A.D. 7. In A.D. 14, he had to give way to Ishmael, who was appointed by Gratus successor to Quirinus; then followed Eleazar and Simon, and then, in A.D. 25, Joseph Caiaphas, who had married the daughter of Annas (John 18:13). It was natural that this relationship should involve the restoration, as far as possible, of his old dignity, and either as the Nasi or President of the Sanhedrin, or as the Sagan or deputy of the high priest, he may have acted as a coadjutor, as in our Lord's trial, and come to be spoken of as still high priest. Five of his sons, it may be noted, filled the Pontifical office in succession. In Acts 4:6, he is named as distinctly the high priest. In St. John, as above, he shares the judicial authority with Caiaphas. St. Matthew and St. Mark do not name him.

Unto John the son of Zacharias.--This description of the Baptist is peculiar to St. Luke.

(2) As we go further back the names are all different till we come to Zerubbabel; and the list in St. Luke from Zerubbabel to Joseph contains twenty names, inclusive, while those in St. Matthew are only thirteen.

(2) The difference in the number of names presents no real difficulty. We have seen (Note on Matthew 1:9) that St. Matthew omits three names in the list of kings in order to adapt it to the memoria technica of fourteen names in each group, and what he did in one case he may well have done in another for the same reason.

Verse 2. - Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests. The older authorities read, "in the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas." The mention of two high priests arises from the fact of the legitimate high priest, Annas, having been deposed some fifteen years previously by the action of the then Roman procurator, Valerius Gratus In spite of this official deposition, he still apparently continued to be regarded as the legitimate high priest by the great majority of his countrymen. His great position and claim to the pontifical office, as we shall see, was markedly recognized at the time of the state trial of our Lord. Since his deposition by the Roman government, four high priests had been promoted in succession to the office of chief pontiff. It appears that at this time and for a long series of years, this great and powerful man, although not daring publicly to defy the Roman authority by assuming the insignia of the high priest, filled the office of Nasi, or president of the Sanhedrin. The word of God came unto John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness. In the days of the above-mentioned rulers - pagan and Jewish, civil and ecclesiastical-came the summons to the son of Zacharias in his solitude in the wilderness. From childhood he had been designated for some great work, and he knew it; his whole early life had been a training for it; and at last the summons came. We are not told of its special form; it was doubtless a theophany, or a vision somewhat similar to the which revealed to Moses and Isaiah, to Jeremiah and Ezekiel, their special work, and the way in which that special work was to be done.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
during
ἐπὶ (epi)
Preposition
Strong's 1909: On, to, against, on the basis of, at.

[the] high priesthood
ἀρχιερέως (archiereōs)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 749: High priest, chief priest. From arche and hiereus; the high-priest; by extension a chief priest.

of Annas
Ἅννα (Hanna)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 452: Annas, high priest at Jerusalem. Of Hebrew origin; Annas, an Israelite.

and
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

Caiaphas,
Καϊάφα (Kaiapha)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 2533: Caiaphas, Jewish high priest. Of Chaldee origin; the dell; Caiaphas, an Israelite.

[the] word
ῥῆμα (rhēma)
Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular
Strong's 4487: From rheo; an utterance, ; by implication, a matter or topic; with a negative naught whatever.

of God
Θεοῦ (Theou)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 2316: A deity, especially the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very.

came
ἐγένετο (egeneto)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1096: A prolongation and middle voice form of a primary verb; to cause to be, i.e. to become, used with great latitude.

to
ἐπὶ (epi)
Preposition
Strong's 1909: On, to, against, on the basis of, at.

John
Ἰωάννην (Iōannēn)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2491: Of Hebrew origin; Joannes, the name of four Israelites.

son
υἱὸν (huion)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 5207: A son, descendent. Apparently a primary word; a 'son', used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship.

of Zechariah
Ζαχαρίου (Zachariou)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 2197: Of Hebrew origin; Zacharias, the name of two Israelites.

in
ἐν (en)
Preposition
Strong's 1722: In, on, among. A primary preposition denoting position, and instrumentality, i.e. A relation of rest; 'in, ' at, on, by, etc.

the
τῇ (tē)
Article - Dative Feminine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

wilderness.
ἐρήμῳ (erēmō)
Adjective - Dative Feminine Singular
Strong's 2048: Lonesome, i.e. waste.


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NT Gospels: Luke 3:2 In the high priesthood of Annas (Luke Lu Lk)
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