Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon. He ruled from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Gorge—from the middle of the gorge—to the Jabbok River, which is the border of the Ammonites. This included half of Gilead. New Living Translation King Sihon of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, was defeated. His kingdom included Aroer, on the edge of the Arnon Gorge, and extended from the middle of the Arnon Gorge to the Jabbok River, which serves as a border for the Ammonites. This territory included the southern half of the territory of Gilead. English Standard Version Sihon king of the Amorites who lived at Heshbon and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the Valley of the Arnon, and from the middle of the valley as far as the river Jabbok, the boundary of the Ammonites, that is, half of Gilead, Berean Standard Bible Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon. He ruled from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along the middle of the valley, up to the Jabbok River (the border of the Ammonites), that is, half of Gilead, Berean Literal Bible Sihon king of the Amorite, who dwelt in Heshbon, ruling from Aroer which is on the bank of the river Arnon, and from the middle of the River, and half of Gilead, and as far as the Jabbok River, the border of the Ammonites, King James Bible Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is upon the bank of the river Arnon, and from the middle of the river, and from half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok, which is the border of the children of Ammon; New King James Version One king was Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon and ruled half of Gilead, from Aroer, which is on the bank of the River Arnon, from the middle of that river, even as far as the River Jabbok, which is the border of the Ammonites, New American Standard Bible Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the Valley of the Arnon, both the middle of the valley and half of Gilead, even as far as the brook Jabbok, the border of the sons of Ammon; NASB 1995 Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, both the middle of the valley and half of Gilead, even as far as the brook Jabbok, the border of the sons of Ammon; NASB 1977 Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, both the middle of the valley and half of Gilead, even as far as the brook Jabbok, the border of the sons of Ammon; Legacy Standard Bible Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, both the middle of the valley and half of Gilead, even as far as the brook Jabbok, the border of the sons of Ammon; Amplified Bible Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the [river] Arnon, both the middle of the valley and half of Gilead, and as far as the brook Jabbok, [which is] the border of the sons of Ammon; Berean Annotated Bible Sihon (warrior) king of the Amorites (sayers), who lived in Heshbon (stronghold). He ruled from Aroer (ruins) on the rim of the Arnon (rushing stream) Valley, along the middle of the valley, up to the Jabbok (emptying) River (the border of the Ammonites (tribal)) that is, half of Gilead (rocky region), Christian Standard Bible King Sihon of the Amorites lived in Heshbon. He ruled from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon River, along the middle of the valley, and half of Gilead up to the Jabbok River (the border of the Ammonites ), Holman Christian Standard Bible Sihon king of the Amorites lived in Heshbon. He ruled over the territory from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along the middle of the valley, and half of Gilead up to the Jabbok River (the border of the Ammonites), American Standard Version Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, and the city that is in the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon; Contemporary English Version The first king that Moses and the Israelites defeated was an Amorite, King Sihon of Heshbon. The southern border of his kingdom ran down the middle of the Arnon River gorge, taking in the town of Aroer on the northern edge of the gorge. The Jabbok River separated Sihon's kingdom from the Ammonites on the east. Then the Jabbok turned west and became his northern border, so his kingdom included the southern half of the region of Gilead. English Revised Version Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of Arnon, and the city that is in the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon; GOD'S WORD® Translation Sihon was the Amorite king who lived in Heshbon. His rule extended from Aroer on the edge of the Arnon Valley to the Jabbok River, which is the border of Ammon. This included the middle of the valley and half of Gilead. Good News Translation One was Sihon, the Amorite king who ruled at Heshbon. His kingdom included half of Gilead: from Aroer (on the edge of the Arnon Valley) and from the city in the middle of that valley, as far as the Jabbok River, the border of Ammon; International Standard Version Sihon king of the Amorites lived in Heshbon and ruled from Aroer, which is located on the edge of the Arnon River from the middle of the valley, including half of Gilead as far as Wadi Jabbok, the border of the Ammonites, NET Bible King Sihon of the Amorites who lived in Heshbon and ruled from Aroer (on the edge of the Arnon Valley)--including the city in the middle of the valley and half of Gilead--all the way to the Jabbok Valley bordering Ammonite territory. New Heart English Bible Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the Valley of the Arnon, and the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even to the river Jabbok, the border of the people of Ammon; Webster's Bible Translation Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is upon the bank of the river Arnon, and from the middle of the river, and from half Gilead, even to the river Jabbok, which is the border of the children of Ammon; Majority Text Translations Majority Standard BibleSihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon. He ruled from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along the middle of the valley, up to the Jabbok River (the border of the Ammonites), that is, half of Gilead, World English Bible Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, and the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even to the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon; Literal Translations Literal Standard VersionSihon, king of the Amorite, who is dwelling in Heshbon, ruling from Aroer which [is] on the border of the Brook of Arnon, and the middle of the brook, and half of Gilead, and to the Brook of Jabok, the border of the sons of Ammon; Berean Literal Bible Sihon king of the Amorite, who dwelt in Heshbon, ruling from Aroer which is on the bank of the river Arnon, and from the middle of the River, and half of Gilead, and as far as the Jabbok River, the border of the Ammonites, Young's Literal Translation Sihon, king of the Amorite, who is dwelling in Heshbon, ruling from Aroer which is on the border of the brook Arnon, and the middle of the brook, and half of Gilead, and unto Jabok the brook, the border of the Bene-Ammon; Smith's Literal Translation Sihon, king of the Amorites, dwelling in Heshbon, he ruled from Aroer, which is upon the lip of the torrent Arnon, and between the torrent and half Gilead, and even to the torrent Jabbok, the boundary of the sons of Ammon; Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleSehon king of the Amorrhites, who dwelt in Hesebon, and had dominion from Aroer, which is seated upon the bank of the torrent Arnon, and of the middle part in the valley, and of half Galaad, as far as the torrent Jaboc, which is the border of the children of Ammon. Catholic Public Domain Version Sihon, the king of the Amorites, who lived at Heshbon, and who had dominion from Aroer, which is situated on the bank of the torrent Arnon, and the valley in the middle, and one half of Gilead, as far as the torrent Jabbok, which is the border of the sons of Ammon, New American Bible First, Sihon, king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon. His domain extended from Aroer, which is on the bank of the Wadi Arnon, to include the wadi itself, and the land northward through half of Gilead to the Wadi Jabbok at the border with the Ammonites, New Revised Standard Version King Sihon of the Amorites who lived at Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the Wadi Arnon, and from the middle of the valley as far as the river Jabbok, the boundary of the Ammonites, that is, half of Gilead, Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleSihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon and ruled from Adoer, which is on the bank of the river Arnon, and ruled the middle of the valley, and half of Gilead, as far as the river of Jabbok, which is the border of the children of Ammon: Peshitta Holy Bible Translated Sikhun, King of the Amorites, who was dwelling in Kheshbon and was authorized from Aduir that is upon the bank of the river of Arnon and the inside of the valley and half of Gelad and unto Aphaq, the River of the border of the children of Amon OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of Arnon, and the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon; Brenton Septuagint Translation Seon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Esebon, ruling from Arnon, which is in the valley, on the side of the valley, and half of Galaad as far as Jaboc, the borders of the children of Ammon. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context The Kings Defeated East of the Jordan1Now these are the kings of the land whom the Israelites struck down and whose lands they took beyond the Jordan to the east, from the Arnon Valley to Mount Hermon, including all the Arabah eastward: 2Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon. He ruled from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along the middle of the valley, up to the Jabbok River (the border of the Ammonites), that is, half of Gilead, 3as well as the Arabah east of the Sea of Chinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea), eastward through Beth-jeshimoth, and southward below the slopes of Pisgah.… Cross References Sihon king of the Amorites, Numbers 21:21 Then Israel sent messengers to Sihon king of the Amorites, saying, Deuteronomy 2:24 “Arise, set out, and cross the Arnon Valley. See, I have delivered into your hand Sihon the Amorite, king of Heshbon, and his land. Begin to take possession of it and engage him in battle. Deuteronomy 3:2 But the LORD said to me, “Do not fear him, for I have delivered him into your hand, along with all his people and his land. Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon.” who lived in Heshbon. Numbers 21:25 Israel captured all the cities of the Amorites and occupied them, including Heshbon and all its villages. Deuteronomy 2:26 So from the Wilderness of Kedemoth I sent messengers with an offer of peace to Sihon king of Heshbon, saying, Numbers 21:26 Heshbon was the city of Sihon king of the Amorites, who had fought against the former king of Moab and taken all his land as far as the Arnon. He ruled from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, Deuteronomy 2:36 From Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along with the city in the valley, even as far as Gilead, not one city had walls too high for us. The LORD our God gave us all of them. Deuteronomy 3:8 At that time we took from the two kings of the Amorites the land across the Jordan, from the Arnon Valley as far as Mount Hermon— along the middle of the valley, Joshua 13:9 The area from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along with the city in the middle of the valley, the whole plateau of Medeba as far as Dibon, Numbers 21:14 Therefore it is stated in the Book of the Wars of the LORD: “Waheb in Suphah and the wadis of the Arnon, up to the Jabbok River (the border of the Ammonites), Deuteronomy 3:16 and to the Reubenites and Gadites I gave the territory from Gilead to the Arnon Valley (the middle of the valley was the border) and up to the Jabbok River, the border of the Ammonites. Numbers 21:24 And Israel put him to the sword and took possession of his land, from the Arnon to the Jabbok—but only up to the border of the Ammonites, because it was fortified. Deuteronomy 2:37 But you did not go near the land of the Ammonites, or the land along the banks of the Jabbok River, or the cities of the hill country, or any place that the LORD our God had forbidden. that is, half of Gilead, Numbers 32:33 So Moses gave to the Gadites, to the Reubenites, and to the half-tribe of Manasseh son of Joseph the kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites and the kingdom of Og king of Bashan—the land including its cities and the territory surrounding them. Deuteronomy 3:12 So at that time we took possession of this land. To the Reubenites and Gadites I gave the land beyond Aroer along the Arnon Valley, and half the hill country of Gilead, along with its cities. Deuteronomy 3:1-11 Then we turned and went up the road to Bashan, and Og king of Bashan and his whole army came out to meet us in battle at Edrei. / But the LORD said to me, “Do not fear him, for I have delivered him into your hand, along with all his people and his land. Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon.” / So the LORD our God also delivered Og king of Bashan and his whole army into our hands. We struck them down until no survivor was left. … Treasury of Scripture Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelled in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the bank of the river Arnon, and from the middle of the river, and from half Gilead, even to the river Jabbok, which is the border of the children of Ammon; Sihon Numbers 21:23-30 And Sihon would not suffer Israel to pass through his border: but Sihon gathered all his people together, and went out against Israel into the wilderness: and he came to Jahaz, and fought against Israel… Deuteronomy 2:24-37 Rise ye up, take your journey, and pass over the river Arnon: behold, I have given into thine hand Sihon the Amorite, king of Heshbon, and his land: begin to possess it, and contend with him in battle… Deuteronomy 3:6-17 And we utterly destroyed them, as we did unto Sihon king of Heshbon, utterly destroying the men, women, and children, of every city… Jabbok Genesis 32:22 And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two womenservants, and his eleven sons, and passed over the ford Jabbok. Judges 11:13,22 And the king of the children of Ammon answered unto the messengers of Jephthah, Because Israel took away my land, when they came up out of Egypt, from Arnon even unto Jabbok, and unto Jordan: now therefore restore those lands again peaceably… Jump to Previous Ammon Amorites Arnon Aroer Bank Border Children Dwelt Edge Half Heshbon Jabbok Middle River Ruled Sihon ValleyJump to Next Ammon Amorites Arnon Aroer Bank Border Children Dwelt Edge Half Heshbon Jabbok Middle River Ruled Sihon ValleyJoshua 12 1. The two kings whose countries Moses took and disposed of7. The thirty-one kings on the other side of Jordan which Joshua smote Sihon king of the Amorites Sihon was a significant Amorite king whose defeat by the Israelites marked a crucial victory in their conquest of the Promised Land. The Amorites were a powerful group in Canaan, often representing opposition to God's people. Sihon's defeat is a testament to God's promise to give Israel victory over their enemies (Deuteronomy 2:24-36). This event is frequently referenced in Scripture as a demonstration of God's faithfulness and power (Psalm 135:11). who lived in Heshbon He ruled from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley along the middle of the valley up to the Jabbok River (the border of the Ammonites) that is, half of Gilead Persons / Places / Events 1. Sihon, King of the AmoritesSihon was a powerful Amorite king who ruled over a significant territory east of the Jordan River. His defeat by the Israelites marked a crucial victory in their conquest of the Promised Land. 2. Heshbon This was the capital city of King Sihon. It became a significant city for the Israelites after their victory over Sihon. 3. Aroer A city located on the edge of the Arnon Gorge, marking the southern boundary of Sihon's kingdom. 4. Arnon Gorge A deep valley that served as a natural boundary between the territories of Moab and the Amorites. 5. Jabbok River This river marked the northern boundary of Sihon's kingdom and the border with the Ammonites. Teaching Points God's Sovereignty in BattlesThe defeat of Sihon illustrates God's control over nations and His ability to deliver His people from formidable foes. Believers can trust in God's sovereignty in their own life's battles. Faith and Obedience The Israelites' victory over Sihon required faith and obedience to God's command. Similarly, Christians are called to trust and obey God, even when facing daunting challenges. Inheritance of God's Promises The conquest of Sihon's land was part of the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham. Believers today can be assured that God is faithful to fulfill His promises. Boundaries and Identity The specific boundaries of Sihon's kingdom highlight the importance of identity and territory. Christians are reminded of their identity in Christ and the spiritual boundaries that define their lives. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of Joshua 12:2?2. How does Joshua 12:2 demonstrate God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises? 3. What can we learn about God's sovereignty from Joshua 12:2? 4. How does Joshua 12:2 connect with God's covenant with Israel in Deuteronomy? 5. How can we apply the lessons from Joshua 12:2 to modern spiritual battles? 6. What does the defeat of Sihon teach about trusting God's plan for victory? 7. What historical evidence supports the conquest of Heshbon as described in Joshua 12:2? 8. How does Joshua 12:2 align with archaeological findings in the region of Heshbon? 9. Why is King Sihon’s defeat significant in the narrative of Joshua 12:2? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from Joshua 12? 11. Who was Sihon, king of the Amorites? 12. In Joshua 12:1–24, how feasible is it that the Israelites defeated and occupied territories ruled by thirty-one kings so quickly without significant recorded losses? 13. In Joshua 12, how did the Israelites maintain control over all these newly seized territories without encountering immediate rebellions or logistical breakdowns? 14. Numbers 21:23-24 - Is there any archaeological or historical corroboration for Israel's defeat of King Sihon and the confiscation of his territory? What Does Joshua 12:2 Mean Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in HeshbonSihon was not a minor local chieftain; he was the Amorite monarch whose capital, Heshbon, sat on the high plateau east of the Jordan (Numbers 21:26; Deuteronomy 2:24). Scripture presents him as: • A conqueror who had seized Moabite territory, proving his military strength (Numbers 21:26–30). • A direct obstacle to Israel’s advance toward the Promised Land, refusing peaceful passage and forcing battle (Numbers 21:21–23). • A reminder that God delivers His people from formidable powers; Moses records that “the LORD our God delivered him over to us” (Deuteronomy 2:33). Heshbon’s mention anchors the narrative in verifiable geography, underscoring the literal fulfillment of God’s promise to give Israel specific lands (Genesis 15:18–21). He ruled from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley Aroer marked Sihon’s southern frontier (Deuteronomy 2:36). The Arnon sliced through deep gorges, forming a natural defense line. By stating Israel captured territory “from Aroer,” the text emphasizes: • God’s gift of secure borders—natural barriers that would protect the tribes of Reuben and Gad (Joshua 13:9). • The completeness of victory; nothing of Sihon’s realm south of the Jabbok remained unconquered (Judges 11:26). Along the middle of the valley This phrase highlights how Israel gained control of the very heart of the Arnon ravine: • Mid-valley control meant command of trade routes and water sources—strategic assets God transferred to His people (Deuteronomy 6:10–11). • It also underscores that the conquest was not superficial; Israel occupied interior strongholds, securing lasting possession (Joshua 13:16). Up to the Jabbok River (the border of the Ammonites) The Jabbok formed Sihon’s northern limit and separated his realm from Ammon (Genesis 32:22; Deuteronomy 3:16). By pushing to this river: • Israel avoided encroaching on Ammonite land, respecting God’s earlier command not to harass the Ammonites (Deuteronomy 2:19). • The narrative shows orderly obedience—Israel took only what God assigned, illustrating that divine blessing never justifies overreach. That is, half of Gilead Half of Gilead (the rugged highlands east of the Jordan) became Israelite, while the other half belonged to Og of Bashan (Joshua 12:5). For Israel this meant: • A fertile, forested region ideal for the large flocks of Reuben and Gad (Numbers 32:1). • A testimony that God apportions inheritance with precision; every tribe received exactly what the Lord promised (Joshua 13:8–32). summary Joshua 12:2 records the exact borders of Sihon’s kingdom to celebrate how thoroughly God fulfilled His word. Israel, under Moses and ultimately Joshua, took: • The capital, Heshbon. • The Arnon valley from Aroer upward. • Strategic mid-valley strongholds. • Territory up to the Jabbok, honoring Ammon’s boundary. • Half of Gilead’s rich highlands. The verse assures readers that God’s promises are literal, measurable, and entirely reliable—lands named, borders drawn, victories completed exactly as He declared. Verse 2. - The river Jabbok. Literally, the pouring or emptying stream. It is remarkable that, while the LXX. renders here by χείμαρρος, a winter torrent, it steadily renders the same Hebrew word, when referring to Aruon, by φάραγξ. This latter word indicates the rocky cleft through which the water flows; the former, the fact that, though rapid and impetuous in winter, it was usually dried up in summer. Cf. the term χείμαρρος, applied to the Kedron by St. John (Joshua 18:1); a remarkable instance of accuracy, by the way, if, as we are confidently told, the author of that Gospel was an Ephesine Gentile who had never seen Jerusalem and was imperfectly acquainted with Jewish localities and customs. The Jabbok has been identified with the Wady Zerka, or blue stream.Parallel Commentaries ... Hebrew Sihonסִיחוֹן֙ (sî·ḥō·wn) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 5511: Sihon -- a king of the Amorites king מֶ֣לֶךְ (me·leḵ) Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 4428: A king of the Amorites, הָאֱמֹרִ֔י (hā·’ĕ·mō·rî) Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 567: Amorites -- perhaps 'mountain dwellers', a Canaanite tribe who lived הַיּוֹשֵׁ֖ב (hay·yō·wō·šêḇ) Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry in Heshbon. בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן (bə·ḥeš·bō·wn) Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 2809: Heshbon -- a place East of the Jordan He ruled מֹשֵׁ֡ל (mō·šêl) Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular Strong's 4910: To rule, have dominion, reign from Aroer מֵעֲרוֹעֵ֡ר (mê·‘ă·rō·w·‘êr) Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 6177: Aroer -- three cities in Israel on עַל־ (‘al-) Preposition Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against the rim שְׂפַת־ (śə·p̄aṯ-) Noun - feminine singular construct Strong's 8193: The lip, language, a margin of the Arnon אַרְנ֜וֹן (’ar·nō·wn) Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 769: Arnon -- 'a roaring stream', a wadi and stream in Moab Valley, נַ֨חַל (na·ḥal) Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 5158: A stream, a winter torrent, a, valley, a shaft along the middle וְת֤וֹךְ (wə·ṯō·wḵ) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 8432: A bisection, the centre of the valley, הַנַּ֙חַל֙ (han·na·ḥal) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 5158: A stream, a winter torrent, a, valley, a shaft up to וְעַד֙ (wə·‘aḏ) Conjunctive waw | Preposition Strong's 5704: As far as, even to, up to, until, while the Jabbok יַבֹּ֣ק (yab·bōq) Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 2999: Jabbok -- a river East of the Jordan River הַנַּ֔חַל (han·na·ḥal) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 5158: A stream, a winter torrent, a, valley, a shaft (the border גְּב֖וּל (gə·ḇūl) Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 1366: A cord, a boundary, the territory inclosed of the בְּנֵ֥י (bə·nê) Noun - masculine plural construct Strong's 1121: A son Ammonites), עַמּֽוֹן׃ (‘am·mō·wn) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 5983: Ammon -- a people living East of the Jordan that is, half וַחֲצִ֣י (wa·ḥă·ṣî) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 2677: The half, middle of Gilead, הַגִּלְעָ֔ד (hag·gil·‘āḏ) Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 1568: Gilead -- a region in Palestine, also the name of several Israelites Links Joshua 12:2 NIVJoshua 12:2 NLT Joshua 12:2 ESV Joshua 12:2 NASB Joshua 12:2 KJV Joshua 12:2 BibleApps.com Joshua 12:2 Biblia Paralela Joshua 12:2 Chinese Bible Joshua 12:2 French Bible Joshua 12:2 Catholic Bible OT History: Joshua 12:2 Sihon king of the Amorites who lived (Josh. 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