John 20:23
New International Version
If you forgive anyone’s sins, their sins are forgiven; if you do not forgive them, they are not forgiven.”

New Living Translation
If you forgive anyone’s sins, they are forgiven. If you do not forgive them, they are not forgiven.”

English Standard Version
If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven them; if you withhold forgiveness from any, it is withheld.”

Berean Standard Bible
If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven; if you withhold forgiveness from anyone, it is withheld.”

Berean Literal Bible
If you might forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven them; if you might retain any, they are retained."

King James Bible
Whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them; and whose soever sins ye retain, they are retained.

New King James Version
If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven them; if you retain the sins of any, they are retained.”

New American Standard Bible
If you forgive the sins of any, their sins have been forgiven them; if you retain the sins of any, they have been retained.”

NASB 1995
“If you forgive the sins of any, their sins have been forgiven them; if you retain the sins of any, they have been retained.”

NASB 1977
“If you forgive the sins of any, their sins have been forgiven them; if you retain the sins of any, they have been retained.”

Legacy Standard Bible
If you forgive the sins of any, their sins have been forgiven them; if you retain the sins of any, they have been retained.”

Amplified Bible
If you forgive the sins of anyone they are forgiven [because of their faith]; if you retain the sins of anyone, they are retained [and remain unforgiven because of their unbelief].”

Christian Standard Bible
If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven them; if you retain the sins of any, they are retained.”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven them; if you retain the sins of any, they are retained.”

American Standard Version
whose soever sins ye forgive, they are forgiven unto them; whose soever sins ye retain, they are retained.

Contemporary English Version
If you forgive anyone's sins, they will be forgiven. But if you don't forgive their sins, they will not be forgiven."

English Revised Version
whose soever sins ye forgive, they are forgiven unto them; whose soever sins ye retain, they are retained.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Whenever you forgive sins, they are forgiven. Whenever you don't forgive them, they are not forgiven."

Good News Translation
If you forgive people's sins, they are forgiven; if you do not forgive them, they are not forgiven."

International Standard Version
If you forgive people's sins, they are forgiven. If you retain people's sins, they are retained."

Majority Standard Bible
If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven; if you withhold forgiveness from anyone, it is withheld.”

NET Bible
If you forgive anyone's sins, they are forgiven; if you retain anyone's sins, they are retained."

New Heart English Bible
Whoever's sins you forgive, they are forgiven them. Whoever's sins you retain, they have been retained."

Webster's Bible Translation
Whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted to them; and whose soever sins ye retain, they are retained.

Weymouth New Testament
If you remit the sins of any persons, they remain remitted to them. If you bind fast the sins of any, they remain bound."

World English Bible
If you forgive anyone’s sins, they have been forgiven them. If you retain anyone’s sins, they have been retained.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
if you may forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven them; if you may retain of any, they have been retained.”

Berean Literal Bible
If you might forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven them; if you might retain any, they are retained."

Young's Literal Translation
if of any ye may loose the sins, they are loosed to them; if of any ye may retain, they have been retained.'

Smith's Literal Translation
Whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted to them: whose soever ye retain, they have been retained.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Whose sins you shall forgive, they are forgiven them; and whose sins you shall retain, they are retained.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Those whose sins you shall forgive, they are forgiven them, and those whose sins you shall retain, they are retained.”

New American Bible
Whose sins you forgive are forgiven them, and whose sins you retain are retained.”

New Revised Standard Version
If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven them; if you retain the sins of any, they are retained.”
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
If you forgive a man his sins, they shall be forgiven to him; and if you hold a man’s sins, they are held.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
“If you will forgive a man's sins, they will be forgiven him, and if you hold a man's, they will be held.”
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
Whosever sins you forgive, they are forgiven them: whosever sins you retain, they are retained.

Godbey New Testament
Whose sins you may remit, are remitted unto them; whose sins you may retain, have been retained.

Haweis New Testament
whose soever sins ye forgive, they are forgiven them; and whose sins soever ye retain, they are retained.

Mace New Testament
whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them; and whose soever sins ye leave unpardoned, they are lest unpardoned."

Weymouth New Testament
If you remit the sins of any persons, they remain remitted to them. If you bind fast the sins of any, they remain bound."

Worrell New Testament
Whosesoever sins ye remit, they are remitted to them; whosesoever sins ye retain, they are retained."

Worsley New Testament
and whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them; but whose soever sins ye retain, they are retained.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Jesus Appears to the Disciples
22When He had said this, He breathed on them and said, “Receive the Holy Spirit. 23If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven; if you withhold forgiveness from anyone, it is withheld.” 24Now Thomas called Didymus, one of the Twelve, was not with the disciples when Jesus came.…

Cross References
Matthew 16:19
I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven. Whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.”

Matthew 18:18
Truly I tell you, whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.

Luke 24:47
and in His name repentance and forgiveness of sins will be proclaimed to all nations, beginning in Jerusalem.

Acts 2:38
Peter replied, “Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.

Acts 10:43
All the prophets testify about Him that everyone who believes in Him receives forgiveness of sins through His name.”

Acts 13:38-39
Therefore let it be known to you, brothers, that through Jesus the forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you. / Through Him everyone who believes is justified from everything from which you could not be justified by the law of Moses.

2 Corinthians 2:10
If you forgive anyone, I also forgive him. And if I have forgiven anything, I have forgiven it in the presence of Christ for your sake,

2 Corinthians 5:18-20
All this is from God, who reconciled us to Himself through Christ and gave us the ministry of reconciliation: / that God was reconciling the world to Himself in Christ, not counting men’s trespasses against them. And He has committed to us the message of reconciliation. / Therefore we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were making His appeal through us. We implore you on behalf of Christ: Be reconciled to God.

James 5:15
And the prayer offered in faith will restore the one who is sick. The Lord will raise him up. If he has sinned, he will be forgiven.

1 John 1:9
If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.

1 John 2:12
I am writing to you, little children, because your sins have been forgiven through His name.

Isaiah 22:22
I will place on his shoulder the key to the house of David. What he opens no one can shut, and what he shuts no one can open.

Isaiah 43:25
I, yes I, am He who blots out your transgressions for My own sake and remembers your sins no more.

Isaiah 44:22
I have blotted out your transgressions like a cloud, and your sins like a mist. Return to Me, for I have redeemed you.

Jeremiah 31:34
No longer will each man teach his neighbor or his brother, saying, ‘Know the LORD,’ because they will all know Me, from the least of them to the greatest, declares the LORD. For I will forgive their iniquities and will remember their sins no more.”


Treasury of Scripture

Whose soever sins you remit, they are remitted to them; and whose soever sins you retain, they are retained.

Matthew 16:19
And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.

Matthew 18:18
Verily I say unto you, Whatsoever ye shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever ye shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.

Mark 2:5-10
When Jesus saw their faith, he said unto the sick of the palsy, Son, thy sins be forgiven thee…

Jump to Previous
Bind Bound Fast Forgive Forgiven Forgiveness Free Loose Persons Remit Remitted Retain Retained Sins Soever Whoever's
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Bind Bound Fast Forgive Forgiven Forgiveness Free Loose Persons Remit Remitted Retain Retained Sins Soever Whoever's
John 20
1. Mary comes to the tomb;
3. so do Peter and John, ignorant of the resurrection.
11. Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene,
19. and to his disciples.
24. The incredulity and confession of Thomas.
30. The Scripture is sufficient to salvation.














If you forgive
The Greek word for "forgive" here is "ἀφίημι" (aphiēmi), which means to send away, let go, or release. In the context of the New Testament, it often refers to the remission of sins. This phrase emphasizes the authority given to the disciples to act as representatives of Christ on earth. Historically, this authority is seen as a continuation of Jesus' ministry, where He often forgave sins, demonstrating His divine authority. The act of forgiving is not merely a human decision but a divine mandate, reflecting the heart of God who desires reconciliation and restoration.

anyone his sins
The term "sins" in Greek is "ἁμαρτίας" (hamartias), which refers to missing the mark or falling short of God's standards. The phrase underscores the universal nature of sin, affecting all humanity. In the Jewish context, sin was understood as a breach of the covenant with God, requiring atonement. The disciples' role in forgiving sins highlights the transition from the Old Covenant, centered on the law and sacrifices, to the New Covenant, centered on grace and the sacrifice of Christ. This authority to forgive sins is rooted in the work of Jesus on the cross, which provides the basis for true forgiveness.

they are forgiven
The passive voice here, "they are forgiven," indicates that the action is performed by God through the disciples. The Greek word "ἀφέωνται" (apheōntai) suggests a completed action with ongoing results. This reflects the permanence and completeness of divine forgiveness. In the early church, this was understood as part of the apostolic authority, which was passed down through the laying on of hands and the guidance of the Holy Spirit. The assurance of forgiveness is a cornerstone of Christian faith, offering believers peace and reconciliation with God.

if you withhold forgiveness
The phrase "withhold forgiveness" uses the Greek "κρατῆτε" (kratēte), meaning to hold fast or retain. This implies a deliberate decision not to forgive, which carries significant responsibility. In the historical context, this authority was not to be wielded lightly but with discernment and alignment with God's will. The early church fathers saw this as a call to maintain the purity and holiness of the church, ensuring that forgiveness was granted in accordance with genuine repentance and faith.

from anyone, it is withheld
The phrase "it is withheld" uses the Greek "κεκράτηνται" (kekratēntai), indicating a state of being retained. This highlights the serious nature of unrepentance and the consequences of rejecting God's grace. In the scriptural context, this reflects the balance between God's mercy and justice. The withholding of forgiveness serves as a sobering reminder of the need for genuine repentance and the transformative power of God's grace. It underscores the church's role in upholding the truth of the Gospel while extending grace to those who seek it with a contrite heart.

(23) Whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them . . .--Comp. for the "power of the keys," the Notes on Matthew 16:19; Matthew 18:18. Assuming what has there been said, it will be sufficient to add that this power is here immediately connected with the representative character of the disciples as apostles sent by Christ, as He was Himself sent by the Father (John 20:21), and that its validity is dependent upon their reception of the Holy Ghost (John 20:22), by whom Christ Himself is present in them (John 14:18; John 16:7-11). Sent as He was sent, they are not sent to condemn the world, but that the world through Him might be saved; but in their work, as in His, men are condemned because the light is come into the world, and men love darkness rather than light. . . .

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
If
ἄν (an)
Particle
Strong's 302: A primary particle, denoting a supposition, wish, possibility or uncertainty.

you forgive
ἀφῆτε (aphēte)
Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Plural
Strong's 863: From apo and hiemi; to send forth, in various applications.

anyone his
τινων (tinōn)
Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Plural
Strong's 5100: Any one, some one, a certain one or thing. An enclitic indefinite pronoun; some or any person or object.

sins,
ἁμαρτίας (hamartias)
Noun - Accusative Feminine Plural
Strong's 266: From hamartano; a sin.

they are forgiven;
ἀφέωνται (apheōntai)
Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Plural
Strong's 863: From apo and hiemi; to send forth, in various applications.

if
ἄν (an)
Particle
Strong's 302: A primary particle, denoting a supposition, wish, possibility or uncertainty.

you withhold [forgiveness]
κρατῆτε (kratēte)
Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Plural
Strong's 2902: From kratos; to use strength, i.e. Seize or retain.

from anyone,
τινων (tinōn)
Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Plural
Strong's 5100: Any one, some one, a certain one or thing. An enclitic indefinite pronoun; some or any person or object.

it is withheld.”
κεκράτηνται (kekratēntai)
Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Plural
Strong's 2902: From kratos; to use strength, i.e. Seize or retain.


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NT Gospels: John 20:23 Whoever's sins you forgive they are forgiven (Jhn Jo Jn)
John 20:22
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