Ecclesiastes 5:9
New International Version
The increase from the land is taken by all; the king himself profits from the fields.

New Living Translation
Even the king milks the land for his own profit!

English Standard Version
But this is gain for a land in every way: a king committed to cultivated fields.

Berean Standard Bible
The produce of the earth is taken by all; the king himself profits from the fields.

King James Bible
Moreover the profit of the earth is for all: the king himself is served by the field.

New King James Version
Moreover the profit of the land is for all; even the king is served from the field.

New American Standard Bible
After all, a king who cultivates the field is beneficial to the land.

NASB 1995
After all, a king who cultivates the field is an advantage to the land.

NASB 1977
After all, a king who cultivates the field is an advantage to the land.

Legacy Standard Bible
But the advantage of the land in everything is this—a king committed to a cultivated field.

Amplified Bible
After all, a king who cultivates the field is an advantage to the land.

Christian Standard Bible
The profit from the land is taken by all; the king is served by the field.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The profit from the land is taken by all; the king is served by the field.

American Standard Version
Moreover the profit of the earth is for all: the king himself is served by the field.

Contemporary English Version
And since the king is the highest official, he benefits most from the taxes paid on the land.

English Revised Version
Moreover the profit of the earth is for all: the king himself is served by the field.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Yet, a king is an advantage for a country with cultivated fields.

Good News Translation
Even a king depends on the harvest.

International Standard Version
Also, the increase of the land belongs to everyone; the king himself is served by his field.

Majority Standard Bible
The produce of the earth is taken by all; the king himself profits from the fields.

NET Bible
The produce of the land is seized by all of them, even the king is served by the fields.

New Heart English Bible
Moreover the profit of the earth is for all. The king profits from the field.

Webster's Bible Translation
Moreover, the profit of the earth is for all: the king himself is served by the field.

World English Bible
Moreover the profit of the earth is for all. The king profits from the field.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And the abundance of a land is for all. A king for a field is served.

Young's Literal Translation
And the abundance of a land is for all. A king for a field is served.

Smith's Literal Translation
And the profit of the earth in all: it is the king being served to the field.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Moreover there is the king that reigneth over all the land subject to him.

Catholic Public Domain Version
But finally, there is the King who rules over the entire earth, which is subject to him.

New American Bible
But profitable for a land in such circumstances is a king concerned about cultivation.

New Revised Standard Version
But all things considered, this is an advantage for a land: a king for a plowed field.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Moreover the riches of the earth are for all; the king, himself, is served by cultivating his own field.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the profit of Earth in all is a King cultivating a field.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
But the profit of a land every way is a king that maketh himself servant to the field.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Also the abundance of the earth is for every one: the king is dependent on the tilled field.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Futility of Wealth
8If you see the oppression of the poor and the denial of justice and righteousness in the province, do not be astonished at the matter; for one official is watched by a superior, and others higher still are over them. 9The produce of the earth is taken by all; the king himself profits from the fields. 10He who loves money is never satisfied by money, and he who loves wealth is never satisfied by income. This too is futile.…

Cross References
Psalm 72:16
May there be an abundance of grain in the land; may it sway atop the hills. May its fruit trees flourish like the forests of Lebanon, the people of its cities like the grass of the field.

Proverbs 27:18
Whoever tends a fig tree will eat its fruit, and he who looks after his master will be honored.

Isaiah 3:14
The LORD brings this charge against the elders and leaders of His people: “You have devoured the vineyard; the plunder of the poor is in your houses.

Jeremiah 22:13
“Woe to him who builds his palace by unrighteousness, and his upper rooms without justice, who makes his countrymen serve without pay, and fails to pay their wages,

Micah 3:1-3
Then I said: “Hear now, O leaders of Jacob, you rulers of the house of Israel. Should you not know justice? / You hate good and love evil. You tear the skin from my people and strip the flesh from their bones. / You eat the flesh of my people after stripping off their skin and breaking their bones. You chop them up like flesh for the cooking pot, like meat in a cauldron.”

James 5:4
Look, the wages you withheld from the workmen who mowed your fields are crying out against you. The cries of the harvesters have reached the ears of the Lord of Hosts.

1 Timothy 6:17-19
Instruct those who are rich in the present age not to be conceited and not to put their hope in the uncertainty of wealth, but in God, who richly provides all things for us to enjoy. / Instruct them to do good, to be rich in good works, and to be generous and ready to share, / treasuring up for themselves a firm foundation for the future, so that they may take hold of that which is truly life.

Luke 12:15
And He said to them, “Watch out! Guard yourselves against every form of greed, for one’s life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions.”

Matthew 6:19-21
Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy, and where thieves break in and steal. / But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where moth and rust do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal. / For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also.

Proverbs 28:19
The one who works his land will have plenty of food, but whoever chases fantasies will have his fill of poverty.

Isaiah 5:8
Woe to you who add house to house and join field to field until no place is left and you live alone in the land.

Ezekiel 34:2-3
“Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel. Prophesy and tell them that this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Woe to the shepherds of Israel, who only feed themselves! Should not the shepherds feed their flock? / You eat the fat, wear the wool, and butcher the fattened sheep, but you do not feed the flock.

Amos 8:4-6
Hear this, you who trample the needy, who do away with the poor of the land, / asking, “When will the New Moon be over, that we may sell grain? When will the Sabbath end, that we may market wheat? Let us reduce the ephah and increase the shekel; let us cheat with dishonest scales. / Let us buy the poor with silver and the needy for a pair of sandals, selling even the chaff with the wheat!”

1 Kings 21:1-16
Some time after these events, Naboth the Jezreelite owned a vineyard in Jezreel next to the palace of Ahab king of Samaria. / So Ahab said to Naboth, “Give me your vineyard to use as a vegetable garden, since it is next to my palace. I will give you a better vineyard in its place—or if you prefer, I will give you its value in silver.” / But Naboth replied, “The LORD forbid that I should give you the inheritance of my fathers.” ...

Nehemiah 5:1-5
About that time there was a great outcry from the people and their wives against their fellow Jews. / Some were saying, “We and our sons and daughters are numerous. We must get grain in order to eat and stay alive.” / Others were saying, “We are mortgaging our fields, our vineyards, and our homes to get grain during the famine.” ...


Treasury of Scripture

Moreover the profit of the earth is for all: the king himself is served by the field.

the profit

Genesis 1:29,30
And God said, Behold, I have given you every herb bearing seed, which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree, in the which is the fruit of a tree yielding seed; to you it shall be for meat…

Genesis 3:17-19
And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life; …

Psalm 104:14,15
He causeth the grass to grow for the cattle, and herb for the service of man: that he may bring forth food out of the earth; …

the king

1 Samuel 8:12-17
And he will appoint him captains over thousands, and captains over fifties; and will set them to ear his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and instruments of his chariots…

1 Kings 4:7-23
And Solomon had twelve officers over all Israel, which provided victuals for the king and his household: each man his month in a year made provision…

1 Chronicles 27:26-31
And over them that did the work of the field for tillage of the ground was Ezri the son of Chelub: …

Jump to Previous
Abundance Advantage Country Cultivated Dependent Earth Field Fields Generally Good Increase Maketh Moreover Profit Profitable Profits Servant Served Way Worked
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Abundance Advantage Country Cultivated Dependent Earth Field Fields Generally Good Increase Maketh Moreover Profit Profitable Profits Servant Served Way Worked
Ecclesiastes 5
1. vanities in divine service
8. in murmuring against oppression
9. and in riches
18. Joy in riches is the gift of God.














The produce of the earth
This phrase highlights the fundamental truth that the earth's resources are meant to sustain all of humanity. In the Hebrew context, the word for "produce" (תְּבוּאָה, tevuah) refers to the yield or harvest that the land provides. This reflects the agrarian society of ancient Israel, where agriculture was the backbone of the economy and daily life. Theologically, this underscores God's provision for His creation, reminding us that the earth's bounty is a gift from God meant for the benefit of all people. It calls believers to recognize the divine origin of all resources and to steward them wisely and equitably.

is taken by all
This phrase suggests a communal sharing of resources. In the ancient Near Eastern context, land and its produce were often shared among families and communities. The Hebrew word for "taken" (נֶעֱבָד, ne'evad) can also imply being worked or cultivated, indicating that while the earth provides, it requires human effort to harness its potential. This reflects the biblical principle of stewardship, where humanity is called to work the land and care for creation (Genesis 2:15). It also serves as a reminder of the interconnectedness of society, where the well-being of one is tied to the well-being of all.

the king himself
The mention of the king serves as a reminder of the hierarchical structures present in ancient societies. In Israel, the king was seen as God's appointed ruler, responsible for justice and the welfare of the people. The Hebrew word for "king" (מֶלֶךְ, melech) carries connotations of authority and responsibility. This phrase suggests that even those in positions of power are dependent on the earth's produce, emphasizing the universality of God's provision. It also implies that leaders should be mindful of their dependence on the same resources as their subjects, promoting humility and accountability.

profits from the fields
This phrase indicates that the king, like everyone else, benefits from the agricultural output of the land. The Hebrew word for "profits" (נֶעֱבָד, ne'evad) can also mean to serve or to be served by, suggesting a reciprocal relationship between the king and the land. Historically, kings would often levy taxes or take a portion of the produce as tribute, which was a common practice in ancient economies. This serves as a reminder that leadership should not exploit resources for personal gain but should ensure that the benefits of the land are distributed justly. It calls for righteous governance that reflects God's justice and care for all people.

(9) Is served by.--Or, is servant to. Many eminent interpreters connect this verse with what precedes, and translate, "and on the whole the profit of the land is a king devoted to agriculture," an observation which it is hard to clear of the charge of irrelevance. I prefer, as in our version, to connect with the following verses, and the best explanation I can give of the connection of the paragraph is that it contains a consideration intended to mitigate the difficulty felt at the sight of riches acquired by oppression, namely, that riches add little to the real happiness of the possessors.

Verse 9. - It has been much debated whether this verse should be connected with the preceding or the following paragraph. The Vulgate takes it with the preceding verse, Et insuper universae terrae rex imperat servienti; so the Septuagint; and this seems most natural, avarice, wealth, and its evils in private life being treated of in vers. 10 and many following. Moreover the profit of the earth is for all: the king himself is served by the field. The writer seems to be contrasting the misery of Oriental despotism, above spoken of, with the happiness of a country whose king was content to enrich himself, not by war, rapine, and oppression, but by the peaceful pursuits of agriculture, by cherishing the natural productions of his country, and encouraging his people in developing its resources. Such was Uzziah, who" loved husbandry" (2 Chronicles 26:10); and in Solomon's own time the arts of peace greatly flourished. There is much difficulty in interpreting the verse. The Vulgate rendering, "And moreover the King of the whole earth rules over his servant," probably means that God governs the king. But the present Hebrew text does not support this translation. The Septuagint has, Καὶ περίσσεια γῆς ἑπὶ παντί ἐστὶ βασιλεὺς τοῦ ἀγροῦ εἰργασμένου, which makes more difficulties. "Also the abundance of the earth is for every one, or upon every thing; the king (is dependent on) the cultivated land, or, there is a king to the land when cultivated," i.e. the throne itself depends on the due cultivation of the country. Or, removing the comma, "The profit of the land in everything is a king of the cultivated field." The Hebrew may safely be rendered, "But the profit of a land in all things is a king devoted to the field," i.e. who loves and fosters agriculture. It is difficult to suppose that Solomon himself wrote this sentence, however we may interpret it. According to the Authorized Version, the idea is that the profit of the soil extends to every rank of life; even the king, who seems superior to all, is dependent upon the industry of the people, and the favorable produce of the land. He could not be unjust and oppressive without injuring his revenues in the end. Ben-Sirs sings the praises of agriculture: "Hate not laborious work, neither husbandry., which the Most High hath ordained" (Ecclus. 7:15). Agriculture held a very prominent position in the Mosaic commonwealth. The enactments concerning the firstfruits, the sabbatical year, landmarks, the non-alienation of inheritances, etc., tended to give peculiar importance to cultivation of the soil. Cicero's praise of agriculture is often quoted. Thus ('De Senect.,' 15. sqq.; 'De Off.,' 1:42):" Omninm return, ex quibus aliquid acquiritur, nihil est agricultura melius, nihil uberius, nihil dulcius, nihil heroine libero dignius."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The produce
וְיִתְר֥וֹן (wə·yiṯ·rō·wn)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3504: Preeminence, gain

of the earth
אֶ֖רֶץ (’e·reṣ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 776: Earth, land

is taken by all;
בַּכֹּ֣ל (bak·kōl)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

the king himself
מֶ֥לֶךְ (me·leḵ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4428: A king

profits
נֶעֱבָֽד׃ (ne·‘ĕ·ḇāḏ)
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5647: To work, to serve, till, enslave

from the fields.
לְשָׂדֶ֖ה (lə·śā·ḏeh)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7704: Field, land


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OT Poetry: Ecclesiastes 5:9 Moreover the profit of the earth (Ecclesiast. Ec Ecc Eccles.)
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