Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version the killer shall be sent for by the town elders, be brought back from the city, and be handed over to the avenger of blood to die. New Living Translation In that case, the elders of the murderer’s hometown must send agents to the city of refuge to bring him back and hand him over to the dead person’s avenger to be put to death. English Standard Version then the elders of his city shall send and take him from there, and hand him over to the avenger of blood, so that he may die. Berean Standard Bible the elders of his city must send for him, bring him back, and hand him over to the avenger of blood to die. Berean Literal Bible the elders of his city shall send and bring him from there, and deliver him to the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. King James Bible Then the elders of his city shall send and fetch him thence, and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. New King James Version then the elders of his city shall send and bring him from there, and deliver him over to the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. New American Standard Bible then the elders of his city shall send men and take him from there, and hand him over to the avenger of blood, so that he may die. NASB 1995 then the elders of his city shall send and take him from there and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. NASB 1977 then the elders of his city shall send and take him from there and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. Legacy Standard Bible then the elders of his city shall send and take him from there and give him over into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. Amplified Bible then the elders of his own city shall send for him and have him taken back from there and turn him over to the avenger of blood, so that he may be put to death. Berean Annotated Bible the elders of his city must send for him, bring him back, and hand him over to the avenger of blood to die. Christian Standard Bible the elders of his city are to send for him, take him from there, and hand him over to the avenger of blood and he will die. Holman Christian Standard Bible the elders of his city must send for him, take him from there, and hand him over to the avenger of blood and he will die. American Standard Version then the elders of his city shall send and fetch him thence, and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. Contemporary English Version If that happens, the leaders of your town must send messengers to bring you back from the Safe Town. They will hand you over to one of the victim's relatives, who will put you to death. English Revised Version then the elders of his city shall send and fetch him thence, and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. GOD'S WORD® Translation If someone does this, the leaders of your city must send for that person. They must take him from that city and hand him over to the relative who has the authority to avenge the death. He must die. Good News Translation In that case, the leaders of your own town are to send for you and hand you over to the relative responsible for taking revenge for the murder, so that you may be put to death. International Standard Version then the elders of his own city shall send for him, remove him from there, and deliver him to the related avenger for execution. NET Bible The elders of his own city must send for him and remove him from there to deliver him over to the blood avenger to die. New Heart English Bible then the elders of his city shall send and bring him there, and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. Webster's Bible Translation Then the elders of his city shall send and bring him thence, and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. Majority Text Translations Majority Standard Biblethe elders of his city must send for him, bring him back, and hand him over to the avenger of blood to die. World English Bible then the elders of his city shall send and bring him there, and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. Literal Translations Literal Standard Versionand [the] elderly of his city have sent and taken him from there, and given him into the hand of the redeemer of blood, and he has died; Berean Literal Bible the elders of his city shall send and bring him from there, and deliver him to the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. Young's Literal Translation then the elders of his city have sent and taken him from thence, and given him into the hand of the redeemer of blood, and he hath died; Smith's Literal Translation And the old men of his city sent and took him from there and gave him into the hand of the nearest relative of blood, and he died. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleThe ancients of his city shall send, and take him out of the place of refuge, and shall deliver him into the hand of the kinsman of him whose blood was shed, and he shall die. Catholic Public Domain Version the elders of his city shall send, and they shall take him from the place of refuge, and they shall deliver him into the hand of the relative of him whose blood was shed, and he shall die. New American Bible the elders of the killer’s own city shall send and have the killer taken from there, to be handed over to the avenger of blood and slain. New Revised Standard Version then the elders of the killer’s city shall send to have the culprit taken from there and handed over to the avenger of blood to be put to death. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleThen the elders of his city shall send and fetch him from there, and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, and he shall slay him. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated The Elders of his town shall send and they shall take him from there and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood and they shall kill him. OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917then the elders of his city shall send and fetch him thence, and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. Brenton Septuagint Translation then shall the elders of his city send, and take him thence, and they shall deliver him into the hands of the avengers of blood, and he shall die. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context Cities of Refuge…11If, however, a man hates his neighbor and lies in wait, attacks him and kills him, and then flees to one of these cities, 12the elders of his city must send for him, bring him back, and hand him over to the avenger of blood to die. 13You must show him no pity. You are to purge from Israel the guilt of shedding innocent blood, that it may go well with you.… Cross References the elders of his city Deuteronomy 21:19-21 his father and mother are to lay hold of him and bring him to the elders of his city, to the gate of his hometown, / and say to the elders, “This son of ours is stubborn and rebellious; he does not obey us. He is a glutton and a drunkard.” / Then all the men of his city will stone him to death. So you must purge the evil from among you, and all Israel will hear and be afraid. Deuteronomy 22:15-18 Then the young woman’s father and mother shall bring the proof of her virginity to the city elders at the gate / and say to the elders, “I gave my daughter in marriage to this man, but he has come to hate her. / And now he has accused her of shameful conduct, saying, ‘I discovered that your daughter was not a virgin.’ But here is the proof of her virginity.” And they shall spread out the cloth before the city elders. … Deuteronomy 25:7-9 But if the man does not want to marry his brother’s widow, she is to go to the elders at the city gate and say, “My husband’s brother refuses to preserve his brother’s name in Israel. He is not willing to perform the duty of a brother-in-law for me.” / Then the elders of his city shall summon him and speak with him. If he persists and says, “I do not want to marry her,” / his brother’s widow shall go up to him in the presence of the elders, remove his sandal, spit in his face, and declare, “This is what is done to the man who will not maintain his brother’s line.” must send for him, 2 Samuel 11:6-7 At this, David sent orders to Joab: “Send me Uriah the Hittite.” So Joab sent him to David. / When Uriah came to him, David asked how Joab and the troops were doing and how the war was going. 1 Samuel 16:19-23 So Saul sent messengers to Jesse and said, “Send me your son David, who is with the sheep.” / And Jesse took a donkey loaded with bread, a skin of wine, and one young goat and sent them to Saul with his son David. / When David came to Saul and entered his service, Saul loved him very much, and David became his armor-bearer. … 1 Kings 2:36-40 Then the king summoned Shimei and said to him, “Build a house for yourself in Jerusalem and live there, but do not go anywhere else. / On the day you go out and cross the Kidron Valley, know for sure that you will die; your blood will be on your own head.” / “The sentence is fair,” Shimei replied. “Your servant will do as my lord the king has spoken.” And Shimei lived in Jerusalem for a long time. … bring him back, 2 Samuel 14:21-24 Then the king said to Joab, “I hereby grant this request. Go, bring back the young man Absalom.” / Joab fell facedown in homage and blessed the king. “Today,” said Joab, “your servant knows that he has found favor in your eyes, my lord the king, because the king has granted his request.” / So Joab got up, went to Geshur, and brought Absalom to Jerusalem. … 2 Samuel 3:26-27 As soon as Joab had left David, he sent messengers after Abner, who brought him back from the well of Sirah. But David was unaware of it. / When Abner returned to Hebron, Joab pulled him aside into the gateway, as if to speak to him privately, and there Joab stabbed him in the stomach. So Abner died on account of the blood of Joab’s brother Asahel. and hand him over to the avenger of blood Numbers 35:19-21 The avenger of blood is to put the murderer to death; when he finds him, he is to kill him. / Likewise, if anyone maliciously pushes another or intentionally throws an object at him and kills him, / or if in hostility he strikes him with his hand and he dies, the one who struck him must surely be put to death; he is a murderer. When the avenger of blood finds the murderer, he is to kill him. Joshua 20:5-6 Now if the avenger of blood pursues him, they must not surrender the manslayer into his hand, because that man killed his neighbor accidentally without prior malice. / He is to stay in that city until he stands trial before the assembly and until the death of the high priest serving at that time. Then the manslayer may return to his own home in the city from which he fled.” Numbers 35:27 and the avenger of blood finds him outside of his city of refuge and kills him, then the avenger will not be guilty of bloodshed, to die. Exodus 21:12-14 Whoever strikes and kills a man must surely be put to death. / If, however, he did not lie in wait, but God allowed it to happen, then I will appoint for you a place where he may flee. / But if a man schemes and acts willfully against his neighbor to kill him, you must take him away from My altar to be put to death. Numbers 35:30-31 If anyone kills a person, the murderer is to be put to death on the testimony of the witnesses. But no one is to be put to death based on the testimony of a lone witness. / You are not to accept a ransom for the life of a murderer who deserves to die; he must surely be put to death. Genesis 9:5-6 And surely I will require the life of any man or beast by whose hand your lifeblood is shed. I will demand an accounting from anyone who takes the life of his fellow man: / Whoever sheds the blood of man, by man his blood will be shed; for in His own image God has made mankind. Joshua 20:3-6 so that anyone who kills another unintentionally or accidentally may flee there. These will be your refuge from the avenger of blood. / When someone flees to one of these cities, stands at the entrance of the city gate, and states his case before its elders, they are to bring him into the city and give him a place to live among them. / Now if the avenger of blood pursues him, they must not surrender the manslayer into his hand, because that man killed his neighbor accidentally without prior malice. … Numbers 35:24-25 then the congregation must judge between the slayer and the avenger of blood according to these ordinances. / The assembly is to protect the manslayer from the hand of the avenger of blood. Then the assembly will return him to the city of refuge to which he fled, and he must live there until the death of the high priest, who was anointed with the holy oil. Treasury of Scripture Then the elders of his city shall send and fetch him there, and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. 1 Kings 2:5,6,28-34 Moreover thou knowest also what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to me, and what he did to the two captains of the hosts of Israel, unto Abner the son of Ner, and unto Amasa the son of Jether, whom he slew, and shed the blood of war in peace, and put the blood of war upon his girdle that was about his loins, and in his shoes that were on his feet… Jump to Previous Avenger Blood City Death Deliver Die Died Elders Hand Punishment Redeemer Responsible Right ThenceJump to Next Avenger Blood City Death Deliver Die Died Elders Hand Punishment Redeemer Responsible Right ThenceDeuteronomy 19 1. The cities of refuge4. The privilege thereof for the manslayer 14. The landmark is not to be removed 15. At least two witnesses are required 16. the punishment of a false witness the elders of his city In ancient Israel, the elders were respected leaders and decision-makers within the community. They were responsible for maintaining justice and order, often serving as judges in legal matters. This reflects the communal nature of Israelite society, where local governance was crucial. The role of elders is seen throughout the Old Testament, such as in Ruth 4:2, where they witness Boaz's redemption of Ruth, and in Numbers 11:16, where they assist Moses in leading the people. must send for him bring him back and hand him over to the avenger of blood to die Persons / Places / Events 1. Elders of the CityThese are the leaders or judges responsible for maintaining justice and order within the community. They play a crucial role in ensuring that the laws given by God are upheld. 2. The City of Refuge Although not directly mentioned in this verse, the context involves cities of refuge where someone who committed unintentional manslaughter could flee for safety until a fair trial. 3. Avenger of Blood This person is typically a close relative of the deceased, responsible for ensuring justice by avenging the death of their family member, according to ancient customs. 4. The Accused The individual who has fled to the city of refuge after committing manslaughter, seeking protection from the avenger of blood. 5. The Act of Deliverance The process by which the elders hand over the accused to the avenger of blood if found guilty of intentional murder. Teaching Points Justice and MercyThe system of cities of refuge highlights the balance between justice and mercy. While justice demands accountability, mercy provides protection for those who acted unintentionally. Role of Community Leaders The elders' responsibility underscores the importance of wise and fair leadership in maintaining justice. Leaders today are called to uphold truth and righteousness in their communities. God's Provision for Safety The cities of refuge symbolize God's provision for safety and due process, reminding us of His care for both justice and compassion. The Seriousness of Life and Death This passage reflects the gravity of taking a life and the serious consequences that follow, urging us to value and respect life as God does. Forgiveness and Vengeance While the Old Testament law allowed for an avenger of blood, the New Testament calls believers to forgive and trust God for ultimate justice, challenging us to live out this principle in our lives. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of Deuteronomy 19:12?2. How does Deuteronomy 19:12 emphasize the importance of justice within a community? 3. What role do the elders play in implementing justice according to Deuteronomy 19:12? 4. How does Deuteronomy 19:12 connect with Romans 13:1-4 on authority? 5. In what ways can we ensure justice is upheld in our own communities? 6. How does Deuteronomy 19:12 reflect God's character of justice and righteousness? 7. What does Deuteronomy 19:12 reveal about justice in ancient Israelite society? 8. How does Deuteronomy 19:12 align with the concept of sanctuary cities? 9. Why is the role of the elders significant in Deuteronomy 19:12? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from Deuteronomy 19? 11. Who is the Avenger of Blood in the Bible? 12. Who is the Avenger of Blood in the Bible? 13. Deuteronomy 19:6: Why would God allow a “blood avenger” to pursue someone innocent of intentional murder, and where is this justice in historical context? 14. 2 Samuel 3:27–30: Why doesn’t David punish Joab immediately for murdering Abner if he truly opposes the act? What Does Deuteronomy 19:12 Mean the elders of his city- “The elders” were the recognized leaders at the city gate (Ruth 4:2; Deuteronomy 21:1–9). - God holds local authority accountable to uphold justice. They cannot ignore wrongdoing in their community (Proverbs 24:11–12). - By naming the elders first, the verse stresses communal responsibility; murder is never just a “private” matter (Genesis 9:6). must send for him - The verb shows decisive initiative. Justice is proactive, not passive (Isaiah 1:17). - This step follows an investigation that determined the killing was deliberate, not accidental (Deuteronomy 19:11). - In cities of refuge, only manslayers stayed protected (Numbers 35:25); murderers were retrieved. bring him back - The elders remove the murderer from the refuge city’s safety (Joshua 20:6). - “Bring him back” underscores that mercy never cancels righteousness (Psalm 85:10). - The journey homeward publicly reaffirms the link between crime and its place of origin (Deuteronomy 21:8–9). and hand him over - The phrase marks a legal transfer of custody, ensuring due process (Deuteronomy 17:6). - Justice is neither mob rule nor personal vendetta; leaders mediate God-ordained order (Romans 13:3–4). - Handing over also protects the avenger from acting rashly before guilt is confirmed (Numbers 35:12). to the avenger of blood - The “goel” or kinsman-redeemer carried family responsibility to maintain moral balance (Numbers 35:19). - This role foreshadows Christ, who both avenges sin and redeems believers (Romans 12:19; Revelation 19:2). - Civil authority validates the avenger’s act so it remains within God’s law, not personal spite (Leviticus 19:18). to die - Capital punishment for murder upholds the sanctity of life made in God’s image (Genesis 9:5–6). - The penalty deters future bloodshed and removes blood-guilt from the land (Numbers 35:33–34). - Scripture affirms a measured, lawful death sentence rather than arbitrary violence (Ecclesiastes 8:11). summary The verse outlines God’s just procedure when intentional murder pierces community life. Local elders act decisively: they summon the offender, escort him home, and formally deliver him to the family avenger for capital punishment. In doing so, they honor the value of human life, keep the land free from blood-guilt, and demonstrate that mercy never negates righteousness. Hebrew the eldersזִקְנֵ֣י (ziq·nê) Adjective - masculine plural construct Strong's 2205: Old of his city עִיר֔וֹ (‘î·rōw) Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular Strong's 5892: Excitement must send for him, וְשָֽׁלְחוּ֙ (wə·šā·lə·ḥū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural Strong's 7971: To send away, for, out bring וְלָקְח֥וּ (wə·lā·qə·ḥū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural Strong's 3947: To take him אֹת֖וֹ (’ō·ṯōw) Direct object marker | third person masculine singular Strong's 853: Untranslatable mark of the accusative case back, מִשָּׁ֑ם (miš·šām) Preposition-m | Adverb Strong's 8033: There, then, thither and hand him over to וְנָתְנ֣וּ (wə·nā·ṯə·nū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural Strong's 5414: To give, put, set the avenger גֹּאֵ֥ל (gō·’êl) Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman of blood הַדָּ֖ם (had·dām) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 1818: Blood, of man, an animal, the juice of the grape, bloodshed to die. וָמֵֽת׃ (wā·mêṯ) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular Strong's 4191: To die, to kill Links Deuteronomy 19:12 NIVDeuteronomy 19:12 NLT Deuteronomy 19:12 ESV Deuteronomy 19:12 NASB Deuteronomy 19:12 KJV Deuteronomy 19:12 BibleApps.com Deuteronomy 19:12 Biblia Paralela Deuteronomy 19:12 Chinese Bible Deuteronomy 19:12 French Bible Deuteronomy 19:12 Catholic Bible OT Law: Deuteronomy 19:12 Then the elders of his city shall (Deut. De Du) |



