2 Chronicles 3:5
New International Version
He paneled the main hall with juniper and covered it with fine gold and decorated it with palm tree and chain designs.

New Living Translation
He paneled the main room of the Temple with cypress wood, overlaid it with fine gold, and decorated it with carvings of palm trees and chains.

English Standard Version
The nave he lined with cypress and covered it with fine gold and made palms and chains on it.

Berean Standard Bible
He paneled the main room with cypress, which he overlaid with fine gold and decorated with palm trees and chains.

King James Bible
And the greater house he cieled with fir tree, which he overlaid with fine gold, and set thereon palm trees and chains.

New King James Version
The larger room he paneled with cypress which he overlaid with fine gold, and he carved palm trees and chainwork on it.

New American Standard Bible
He overlaid the main room with juniper wood and overlaid it with fine gold; and he ornamented it with palm trees and chains.

NASB 1995
He overlaid the main room with cypress wood and overlaid it with fine gold, and ornamented it with palm trees and chains.

NASB 1977
And he overlaid the main room with cypress wood and overlaid it with fine gold, and ornamented it with palm trees and chains.

Legacy Standard Bible
Now he overlaid the main room with cypress wood and overlaid it with fine gold, and ornamented it with palm trees and chains.

Amplified Bible
He overlaid the main room [the Holy Place] with cypress wood and overlaid it with fine gold, and decorated it with palm trees and chains.

Christian Standard Bible
The larger room he paneled with cypress wood, overlaid with fine gold, and decorated with palm trees and chains.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The larger room he paneled with cypress wood, overlaid with fine gold, and decorated with palm trees and chains.

American Standard Version
And the greater house he ceiled with fir-wood, which he overlaid with fine gold, and wrought thereon palm-trees and chains.

Contemporary English Version
Solomon had the inside walls of the temple's main room paneled first with pine and then with a layer of gold, and he had them decorated with carvings of palm trees and designs that looked like chains.

English Revised Version
And the greater house he cieled with fir tree, which he overlaid with fine gold, and wrought thereon palm trees and chains:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
He paneled the larger building with cypress, overlaid it with fine gold, and decorated it with [designs in the form of] palm trees and chains.

Good News Translation
The main room was paneled with cedar and overlaid with fine gold, in which were worked designs of palm trees and chain patterns.

International Standard Version
The main room of the Temple was trimmed with a wainscoting composed of cypress wood, overlaid with fine gold ornamented with palm trees and chains.

Majority Standard Bible
He paneled the main room with cypress, which he overlaid with fine gold and decorated with palm trees and chains.

NET Bible
He paneled the main hall with boards made from evergreen trees and plated it with fine gold, decorated with palm trees and chains.

New Heart English Bible
The greater house he made a ceiling with fir wood, which he overlaid with fine gold, and ornamented it with palm trees and chains.

Webster's Bible Translation
And the greater house he cieled with fir tree, which he overlaid with fine gold, and set on it palm trees and chains.

World English Bible
He made the larger room with a ceiling of cypress wood, which he overlaid with fine gold, and ornamented it with palm trees and chains.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And he has covered the large house with fir-trees, and he covers it with fine gold, and causes palms and chains to ascend on it,

Young's Literal Translation
And the large house he hath covered with fir-trees, and he doth cover it with good gold, and causeth to ascend on it palms and chains,

Smith's Literal Translation
And the great house he covered with woods of cypresses, and he will cover it with good gold, and he will bring up palm trees upon it and chains.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And the greater house he ceiled with deal boards, and overlaid them with plates of fine gold throughout: and he graved in them palm trees, and like little chains interlaced with one another.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Also, he covered the greater house with wooden panels of spruce, and he affixed layers of refined gold through it all. And he engraved in them palm trees, and the likeness of little chains interlaced with one another.

New American Bible
The nave he overlaid with cypress wood and overlaid that with fine gold, embossing on it palms and chains.

New Revised Standard Version
The nave he lined with cypress, covered it with fine gold, and made palms and chains on it.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the greater house be ceiled with cypress wood, which he overlaid with fine gold, and he carved on it the likeness of palm trees and flowers.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the great house he covered in wood of cypress, and he overlaid the roof of the house with fine gold, and he etched upon it the likeness of palm trees and of lilies.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And the greater house he covered with cypress-wood, which he overlaid with fine gold, and wrought thereon palm-trees and chains.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And he lined the great house with cedar wood, and gilded it with pure gold, and carved upon it palm-trees and chains.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Temple's Interior
5 He paneled the main room with cypress, which he overlaid with fine gold and decorated with palm trees and chains. 6He adorned the temple with precious stones for beauty, and its gold was from Parvaim.…

Cross References
1 Kings 6:18
The cedar paneling inside the temple was carved with gourds and open flowers. Everything was cedar; not a stone could be seen.

1 Kings 6:29-30
Then he carved the walls all around the temple, in both the inner and outer sanctuaries, with carved engravings of cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers. / And he overlaid the temple floor with gold in both the inner and outer sanctuaries.

1 Kings 6:21-22
So Solomon overlaid the inside of the temple with pure gold, and he extended gold chains across the front of the inner sanctuary, which was overlaid with gold. / So he overlaid with gold the whole interior of the temple, until everything was completely finished. He also overlaid with gold the entire altar that belonged to the inner sanctuary.

1 Kings 6:15
He lined the interior walls with cedar paneling from the floor of the temple to the ceiling, and he covered the floor with cypress boards.

1 Kings 6:35
He carved into them cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers, and he overlaid them with gold hammered evenly over the carvings.

Exodus 26:29
Overlay the frames with gold and make gold rings to hold the crossbars. Also overlay the crossbars with gold.

Exodus 36:34
And he overlaid the frames with gold and made gold rings to hold the crossbars. He also overlaid the crossbars with gold.

1 Kings 7:48-50
Solomon also made all the furnishings for the house of the LORD: the golden altar; the golden table on which was placed the Bread of the Presence; / the lampstands of pure gold in front of the inner sanctuary, five on the right side and five on the left; the gold flowers, lamps, and tongs; / the pure gold basins, wick trimmers, sprinkling bowls, ladles, and censers; and the gold hinges for the doors of the inner temple (that is, the Most Holy Place) as well as for the doors of the main hall of the temple.

1 Kings 10:18-20
Additionally, the king made a great throne of ivory and overlaid it with pure gold. / The throne had six steps, and its back had a rounded top. There were armrests on both sides of the seat, with a lion standing beside each armrest. / Twelve lions stood on the six steps, one at either end of each step. Nothing like this had ever been made for any kingdom.

1 Kings 10:21
All King Solomon’s drinking cups were gold, and all the utensils of the House of the Forest of Lebanon were pure gold. There was no silver, because it was accounted as nothing in the days of Solomon.

2 Chronicles 9:17-19
Additionally, the king made a great throne of ivory and overlaid it with pure gold. / The throne had six steps, and a footstool of gold was attached to it. There were armrests on both sides of the seat, with a lion standing beside each armrest. / Twelve lions stood on the six steps, one at either end of each step. Nothing like this had ever been made for any kingdom.

2 Chronicles 9:20
All King Solomon’s drinking cups were gold, and all the utensils of the House of the Forest of Lebanon were pure gold. There was no silver, because it was accounted as nothing in the days of Solomon.

Revelation 21:18
The wall was made of jasper, and the city itself of pure gold, as pure as glass.

Revelation 21:21
And the twelve gates were twelve pearls, with each gate consisting of a single pearl. The main street of the city was pure gold, as clear as glass.

Matthew 23:16-17
Woe to you, blind guides! You say, ‘If anyone swears by the temple, it means nothing; but if anyone swears by the gold of the temple, he is bound by his oath.’ / You blind fools! Which is greater: the gold, or the temple that makes it sacred?


Treasury of Scripture

And the greater house he paneled with fir tree, which he overlaid with fine gold, and set thereon palm trees and chains.

the greater

1 Kings 6:15-17,21,22
And he built the walls of the house within with boards of cedar, both the floor of the house, and the walls of the cieling: and he covered them on the inside with wood, and covered the floor of the house with planks of fir…

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Best Boarded Ceiled Ceiling Chain Chains Cieled Covered Cypress Cypress-Wood Designs Fine Fir Fir-Wood Gold Greater Hall House Lined Main Nave Ornamented Overlaid Palm Palms Palm-Trees Paneled Pine Plated Roofed Room Thereon Tree Trees Wood Wrought
2 Chronicles 3
1. The place and time of building the temple
3. The measure and ornaments of the house
11. The cherubim
14. The veil and pillars














He paneled the main room
The phrase "He paneled the main room" refers to Solomon's construction of the temple, specifically the Holy Place, which was a central part of the temple's structure. The Hebrew word for "paneled" is "חָפָה" (chafah), meaning to cover or overlay. This indicates the care and attention to detail in creating a sacred space worthy of God's presence. The "main room" or "Holy Place" was where the priests conducted daily rituals, symbolizing the heart of worship and devotion. This act of paneling signifies the importance of creating a beautiful and reverent environment for worship, reflecting the glory and majesty of God.

with cypress
The use of "cypress" wood, known in Hebrew as "בְּרוֹשׁ" (berosh), is significant due to its durability and pleasant aroma. Cypress was a valuable material in ancient construction, often used for its resistance to decay and insects. Its inclusion in the temple's construction highlights the desire for longevity and purity in the house of God. The choice of cypress also symbolizes strength and resilience, qualities that are essential in a place dedicated to the eternal worship of the Almighty.

which he overlaid with fine gold
The phrase "which he overlaid with fine gold" emphasizes the opulence and splendor of the temple. Gold, in Hebrew "זָהָב" (zahav), is a symbol of purity, divinity, and kingship. The overlaying of cypress with gold signifies the transformation of the natural into the divine, representing the holiness and sanctity of the temple. This act of covering the wood with gold reflects the belief that God's dwelling place should be adorned with the finest materials, illustrating the reverence and honor due to Him.

and decorated with palm trees
The decoration "with palm trees" is rich in symbolic meaning. In Hebrew, "תָּמָר" (tamar) represents victory, peace, and eternal life. Palm trees were often associated with triumph and were used in celebrations and processions. Their inclusion in the temple's design signifies the victory of God's presence among His people and the peace that comes from worshiping Him. The palm tree motif serves as a reminder of the eternal life promised to those who remain faithful to God.

and chains
The addition of "chains" in the decoration, known in Hebrew as "שַׁלְשֶׁלֶת" (shalshelet), can be interpreted as a symbol of connection and unity. Chains often represent strength and continuity, suggesting the unbreakable bond between God and His people. In the context of the temple, these chains may symbolize the interconnectedness of the various elements of worship and the unity of the community in their devotion to God. The use of chains in the temple's design underscores the idea of a cohesive and harmonious relationship with the divine.

(5) The greater house.--Or, the great chamber, i.e. the Holy Place, or nave. (Comp. 1Chronicles 28:11.)

He cieled with fir tree.--He covered with planks of fir; or, panelled with fir. To ciel, or rather seel (from syle or cyll, a canopy: Skeat, Etymol. Dict. s.v.) a room, meant in old English to wainscot or panel it. (Comp. 1Kings 6:15-16.)

Which he overlaid with fine gold.--And covered it (the chamber) with good gold. The cypress wainscoting was plated with gold.

And set thereon palm trees and chains.--Brought up on it (i.e., carved upon it) palms and chain-work (1Kings 7:17). (For the palms, see 1Kings 6:29; Ezekiel 41:18.) The chain-work must have consisted of garland-like carvings on the fir panels. 1Kings 6:18 omits mention of it; LXX., "carved on it palms and chains"; Syriac, "figured on it the likeness of palms and lilies"; Vulgate, "graved on it palms and as it were chainlets intertwining." . . .

Verse 5. - The greater house; i.e. the holy place. He ceiled. This rendering is wrong. The verb is

(a) given above (ver. 4). It is repeated in the next clause of this very verse as "overlaid," as also in vers. 7, 8, 9. The generic word "covered" would serve all the occasions on which the word occurs here. From a comparison of the parallel it becomes plain that the meaning is that the crone structure of floor and walls was covered over with wood (1 Kings 6:7, 15, 18). That wood for the floor was fir (1 Kings 6:15), probably slim for the walls, which must depend partly on the translation of this ver. 15. It would seem to say that (beside the stone) there was an inner stratum, both to walls and floor, of cedar (reason for which would be easy of conjecture). But another translation obviates the necessity of this inner stratum supposition, rendering "from the floor to the top of the wall." According to this, while the overlaying gold was on cedar for walls and ceiling (1 Kings 6:9), it was on fir for the floor, which does not seem what our present verse purports, unless, according to the suggestion of some, "fir" be interpreted to include cedar. Set thereon palm trees and chains. These were, of course, carvings. The chains, not mentioned in the parallel (1 Kings 6:29; but see 1 Kings 7:17), were probably wreaths of chain design or pattern. Easier modern English would read "put thereon."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
He paneled
חִפָּה֙ (ḥip·pāh)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2645: To cover, to veil, to encase, protect

the main
הַגָּד֗וֹל (hag·gā·ḏō·wl)
Article | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 1419: Great, older, insolent

room
הַבַּ֣יִת (hab·ba·yiṯ)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1004: A house

with
עֵ֣ץ (‘êṣ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 6086: Tree, trees, wood

cypress,
בְּרוֹשִׁ֔ים (bə·rō·wō·šîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1265: A cypress, tree, a lance, a musical instrument

which he overlaid
וַיְחַפֵּ֖הוּ (way·ḥap·pê·hū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular
Strong's 2645: To cover, to veil, to encase, protect

with fine
ט֑וֹב (ṭō·wḇ)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 2896: Pleasant, agreeable, good

gold
זָהָ֣ב (zā·hāḇ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2091: Gold, something gold-colored, as oil, a clear sky

and decorated
וַיַּ֧עַל (way·ya·‘al)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5927: To ascend, in, actively

with palm tree
תִּמֹרִ֖ים (ti·mō·rîm)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 8561: A palm-like pilaster

and chain [designs].
וְשַׁרְשְׁרֽוֹת׃ (wə·šar·šə·rō·wṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 8333: A chain, a garland


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OT History: 2 Chronicles 3:5 The greater house he made a ceiling (2 Chron. 2Ch iiCh ii ch 2 chr 2chr)
2 Chronicles 3:4
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