Then all the commanders of the forces
This phrase introduces the military leaders who were left in Judah after the Babylonian conquest. The term "commanders" in Hebrew is "שָׂרֵי הַחֲיָלִים" (sarim hachayalim), indicating leaders or princes of the army. Historically, these commanders were responsible for the remnants of the military forces, and their approach to Jeremiah signifies a moment of desperation and seeking divine guidance. Their unity in coming to Jeremiah underscores the gravity of their situation and their recognition of the need for spiritual direction.

along with Johanan son of Kareah
Johanan, whose name means "Yahweh is gracious," was a prominent leader among the remnant. His mention by name highlights his significant role in the events following the fall of Jerusalem. Johanan's leadership is crucial as he represents those who are seeking to navigate the aftermath of the Babylonian destruction. His lineage, "son of Kareah," provides a historical anchor, suggesting a family known within the community, possibly with a legacy of leadership.

Jezaniah son of Hoshaiah
Jezaniah, also known as Azariah in some texts, means "Yahweh hears." This name reflects a hopeful expectation that God is attentive to their plight. The mention of his father, Hoshaiah, whose name means "Yahweh has saved," adds a layer of historical and spiritual significance. It suggests a heritage of faith and reliance on God, which is pertinent as they seek guidance from Jeremiah.

and all the people from the least to the greatest
This phrase emphasizes the inclusivity of the group seeking counsel. The Hebrew expression "מִקָּטֹן וְעַד־גָּדוֹל" (miqaton ve'ad gadol) indicates a comprehensive gathering of the community, regardless of social or economic status. This collective approach signifies a unified front in seeking divine wisdom, highlighting the communal nature of their crisis and the shared desire for direction and hope.

approached
The act of approaching Jeremiah is significant. The Hebrew verb "נָגַשׁ" (nagas) implies drawing near with intent and purpose. This action reflects humility and recognition of Jeremiah's role as a prophet of God. It is a moment of seeking, where the people, led by their commanders, come with open hearts, ready to receive God's word. This approach is a powerful testament to their acknowledgment of their need for divine intervention and guidance in a time of uncertainty and fear.

Jeremiah the prophet
This phrase identifies Jeremiah as the central prophetic figure in this narrative. The Hebrew root for "prophet" is "נָבִיא" (navi), which means one who is called or appointed to speak for God. Jeremiah's role as a prophet is significant because he serves as God's mouthpiece, delivering divine messages to the people of Judah. Historically, Jeremiah's ministry occurred during a tumultuous period in Judah's history, marked by political instability and impending exile. His prophetic office underscores the seriousness of the message he is about to deliver.

Please let our petition come before you
The word "petition" in Hebrew is "תְּחִנָּה" (teḥinnah), which conveys a sense of supplication or earnest request. This phrase reflects the humility and desperation of the people as they approach Jeremiah. They recognize their need for divine guidance and intervention. The historical context here is crucial; the people are in a state of fear and uncertainty following the assassination of Gedaliah, the Babylonian-appointed governor, and they are seeking direction on whether to flee to Egypt or remain in Judah.

Pray to the LORD your God
The Hebrew word for "pray" is "פָּלַל" (palal), which means to intercede or mediate. This request for prayer indicates the people's recognition of Jeremiah's close relationship with God. By referring to "the LORD your God," they acknowledge Jeremiah's unique standing and connection with Yahweh, the covenant God of Israel. This phrase also highlights the people's awareness of their own estrangement from God, as they do not say "our God," suggesting a distance in their relationship with Him.

on behalf of this entire remnant
The term "remnant" in Hebrew is "שְׁאֵרִית" (she'erit), which refers to what is left or remains. This is a significant theological concept throughout the Bible, often denoting a group preserved by God through judgment or calamity. In this context, the remnant consists of those who survived the Babylonian conquest and the subsequent chaos. Theologically, the remnant represents hope and continuity of God's promises, even in the face of national disaster.

For as you can see, we are few
This phrase acknowledges the diminished state of the people, both numerically and in terms of power. The Hebrew word for "few" is "מְעַט" (me'at), emphasizing their vulnerability and need for divine guidance. Historically, this reflects the decimation of Judah's population due to war, exile, and internal strife. Theologically, it underscores the theme of reliance on God rather than human strength or numbers, a recurring motif in Scripture where God often works through a faithful remnant to accomplish His purposes.

Pray
The Hebrew root for "pray" is "פָּלַל" (palal), which means to intercede or make supplication. In the context of Jeremiah 42, the people are seeking divine guidance through the prophet Jeremiah. This act of prayer signifies a humble acknowledgment of human limitations and a dependence on God's wisdom. It is a reminder of the importance of seeking God's will in all decisions, reflecting a heart posture of submission and trust.

the LORD your God
The phrase "the LORD your God" uses the Hebrew "יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ" (YHWH Eloheikha). "YHWH" is the personal name of God, often rendered as "LORD" in English translations, signifying His eternal and self-existent nature. "Eloheikha" means "your God," indicating a personal relationship. This phrase underscores the covenant relationship between God and His people, emphasizing that He is not a distant deity but one who is intimately involved in their lives and decisions.

will tell us
The Hebrew verb "נָגַד" (nagad) means to declare or make known. The people are seeking a clear revelation from God, desiring His explicit guidance. This reflects a deep yearning for divine direction, acknowledging that true wisdom and understanding come from God alone. It highlights the importance of listening to God's voice and being open to His instructions.

the way we should walk
The word "way" in Hebrew is "דֶּרֶךְ" (derek), which can mean a path or journey. "Walk" is from the Hebrew "הָלַךְ" (halak), meaning to go or proceed. Together, these words convey the idea of a lifestyle or conduct. The people are asking for guidance on how to live their lives in accordance with God's will. This phrase emphasizes the biblical principle that life is a journey, and believers are called to walk in a manner worthy of their calling, following the path God sets before them.

and the thing we should do
The Hebrew word for "thing" is "דָּבָר" (dabar), which can mean word, matter, or thing. "Do" comes from "עָשָׂה" (asah), meaning to make or accomplish. This request for guidance on actions reflects a desire to align not only their path but also their specific deeds with God's will. It underscores the comprehensive nature of obedience, which involves both the direction of one's life and the individual actions taken along the way.

I have heard you
This phrase signifies the attentive and responsive nature of Jeremiah as a prophet. In the Hebrew context, the word for "heard" (שָׁמַע, shama) implies not just auditory reception but an understanding and readiness to act. Jeremiah's role as a prophet was to be a mediator between God and the people, and his acknowledgment here shows his willingness to fulfill this duty. Historically, prophets were seen as the mouthpiece of God, and their attentiveness was crucial for conveying divine messages accurately.

replied Jeremiah the prophet
Jeremiah's identity as a prophet is emphasized here, underscoring his authority and divine appointment. The Hebrew term for prophet, נָבִיא (navi), indicates one who is called or appointed by God to deliver His messages. Jeremiah's life and ministry were marked by obedience and perseverance, often in the face of opposition. His reply is not just a personal response but one that carries the weight of his prophetic office.

I will surely pray to the LORD your God as you request
The commitment to pray reflects Jeremiah's dedication to intercession. The Hebrew word for "pray" (פָּלַל, palal) involves interceding or mediating, often with a sense of pleading or judgment. Jeremiah's promise to pray "to the LORD your God" highlights the personal relationship between the people and Yahweh, the covenant God of Israel. This phrase also indicates the seriousness with which Jeremiah takes their request, showing his role as an intermediary who seeks divine guidance on behalf of the people.

and I will tell you everything the LORD says
Jeremiah's promise to relay "everything" underscores his commitment to truth and transparency. The Hebrew root for "tell" (נָגַד, nagad) means to declare or make known, emphasizing the clarity and completeness of the message. Jeremiah's integrity as a prophet is evident in his assurance that he will convey the full counsel of God, without alteration or omission. This reflects the biblical principle that God's word is to be communicated faithfully and fully.

I will not withhold a word from you
This final phrase reinforces Jeremiah's dedication to delivering God's message in its entirety. The Hebrew concept of withholding (כָּחַשׁ, kachash) implies holding back or denying. Jeremiah's assurance that he will not withhold any word highlights his commitment to honesty and the importance of conveying God's will without reservation. This reflects the broader biblical theme of the prophet's responsibility to speak God's truth, regardless of personal cost or the potential reaction of the audience.

Then they said to Jeremiah
This phrase sets the stage for a pivotal moment in the narrative. The people are addressing Jeremiah, the prophet, who serves as a mouthpiece for God. Historically, Jeremiah was a prophet during a tumultuous time in Judah's history, around the late 7th and early 6th centuries BC. His role was to convey God's messages to the people, often calling them to repentance and warning them of impending judgment. The people's approach to Jeremiah signifies their recognition of his prophetic authority and their desire for divine guidance.

May the LORD be a true and faithful witness against us
Here, the people invoke the name of the LORD, Yahweh, the covenant God of Israel. The phrase "true and faithful witness" underscores the seriousness of their commitment. In Hebrew, the word for "witness" (עֵד, 'ed) carries legal connotations, suggesting a solemn vow or testimony. By calling upon God as a witness, they are acknowledging His omniscience and justice, understanding that He will hold them accountable to their promise. This reflects a deep awareness of God's character as one who is both just and merciful.

if we do not act according to every word
This part of the verse highlights the people's pledge to obey the divine instructions given through Jeremiah. The phrase "every word" emphasizes total obedience, not selective adherence. In the Hebrew context, the word for "word" (דָּבָר, davar) often signifies not just spoken words but also matters or things, indicating the comprehensive nature of God's commands. This commitment to complete obedience is a recurring theme in the covenant relationship between God and His people, where blessings are contingent upon adherence to His laws.

the LORD your God sends you to tell us
The phrase "the LORD your God" personalizes the relationship between God and Jeremiah, affirming Jeremiah's role as God's chosen messenger. The use of "sends you to tell us" indicates the divine origin of the message, reinforcing the authority of Jeremiah's words. In the ancient Near Eastern context, prophets were seen as intermediaries between the divine and human realms, and their messages were considered binding. This acknowledgment by the people shows their willingness to submit to God's will as revealed through His prophet.

Whether it is pleasant or unpleasant
This phrase captures the essence of unconditional obedience. The Hebrew words here reflect a commitment to follow God's will regardless of personal comfort or preference. Historically, this reflects the Israelites' understanding of covenantal faithfulness, where obedience to God was paramount, transcending personal desires or circumstances. This commitment is a call to modern believers to trust in God's wisdom, even when His commands challenge our comfort zones.

we will obey the voice of the LORD our God
The emphasis on "obey" highlights the active response required from the people. The Hebrew root "shama" implies not just hearing but acting upon what is heard. This reflects a deep-seated belief in the authority and sovereignty of God. The phrase underscores the importance of aligning one's actions with divine instruction, a principle that remains central to Christian discipleship today.

to whom we are sending you
This indicates the role of Jeremiah as a mediator between God and the people. In the historical context, prophets were often sent to convey God's messages, acting as intermediaries. This highlights the importance of spiritual leadership and guidance in understanding and implementing God's will. It serves as a reminder of the value of seeking godly counsel in our spiritual journey.

so that it may go well with us
This phrase reflects the covenantal promise of blessings tied to obedience. The Israelites understood that their well-being was directly linked to their faithfulness to God's commands. This principle is echoed throughout Scripture, where obedience leads to divine favor and protection. It encourages believers to trust that God's commands are designed for their ultimate good.

For we will obey the voice of the LORD our God!
The repetition of this commitment underscores its significance. It is a declaration of faith and trust in God's authority. The phrase serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of steadfastness in our spiritual commitments. It challenges believers to remain faithful, trusting that God's ways, though sometimes mysterious, are always for our benefit and His glory.

After ten days
The phrase "After ten days" indicates a period of waiting, which is significant in the biblical narrative. In Hebrew culture, the number ten often symbolizes completeness or divine order. This waiting period suggests a time of testing or preparation, where the people are given an opportunity to reflect on their request and the seriousness of seeking God's guidance. It underscores the importance of patience and trust in God's timing, reminding believers that divine answers may not always come immediately but require faith and perseverance.

the word of the LORD
This phrase emphasizes the divine origin and authority of the message that Jeremiah is about to deliver. In Hebrew, "the word of the LORD" (דְּבַר־יְהוָה, devar-YHWH) is a powerful expression that signifies a direct communication from God. It is not merely human opinion or advice but carries the weight of divine instruction. This highlights the role of prophets as God's mouthpieces and the importance of heeding God's word as ultimate truth and guidance for life.

came to Jeremiah
The phrase "came to Jeremiah" indicates the prophetic calling and the intimate relationship between God and His prophet. Jeremiah, known as the "weeping prophet," often received messages from God that were difficult to deliver. This underscores the responsibility and burden of being a prophet, tasked with conveying God's will to the people, regardless of the personal cost. It also reflects the faithfulness of God in communicating with His chosen servants, ensuring that His people receive the guidance they need.

So he called
The phrase "So he called" indicates a deliberate action taken by Jeremiah. In the Hebrew text, the verb used here is "קָרָא" (qara), which means to call out, proclaim, or summon. This action signifies a formal gathering, emphasizing the importance of the message Jeremiah is about to deliver. In the context of ancient Israel, such a call would have been understood as a summons to hear a word from the Lord, highlighting the prophet's role as God's spokesperson.

Johanan son of Kareah
Johanan, whose name means "Yahweh is gracious," was a leader among the remnant of Judah. His identification as "son of Kareah" helps to distinguish him from others with the same name and roots him in his family lineage, which was significant in Hebrew culture. Johanan's leadership role is crucial in this narrative, as he represents the people seeking guidance from God through Jeremiah.

all the commanders of the forces who were with him
This phrase underscores the military aspect of the group gathered. The "commanders of the forces" refers to the leaders of the remaining military units in Judah after the Babylonian conquest. Their presence indicates that the message Jeremiah is about to deliver has implications for the security and future actions of the people. Historically, this reflects the turbulent times in which Judah found itself, with military leaders playing a key role in the survival of the nation.

and all the people from the least to the greatest
This phrase emphasizes the inclusivity of the gathering. "From the least to the greatest" is a Hebrew idiom that means everyone, regardless of social status or wealth. It highlights the democratic nature of the prophetic message, which is intended for all of God's people. This inclusivity reflects the biblical principle that God's word is accessible to everyone, not just the elite or powerful. In the context of Jeremiah's ministry, it underscores the communal responsibility to heed God's guidance.

He said to them
This phrase indicates the role of Jeremiah as a prophet and a messenger of God. In the Hebrew context, the verb "said" (אָמַר, 'amar) is often used to denote the authoritative communication of God's will. Jeremiah, as a prophet, serves as the mouthpiece of God, emphasizing the importance of listening to divine instruction. This highlights the responsibility of the prophet to faithfully convey God's message to the people, a task that requires both courage and fidelity.

This is what the LORD
The use of "LORD" in all capital letters signifies the translation of the Hebrew name for God, YHWH (Yahweh), which is the covenant name of God with Israel. This underscores the personal and relational aspect of God with His people. It is a reminder of God's faithfulness and His unchanging nature. The phrase "This is what the LORD" introduces a divine oracle, indicating that the message is not of human origin but is a direct communication from God Himself.

the God of Israel
This title emphasizes God's special relationship with Israel, His chosen people. It reflects the historical and covenantal context in which God has revealed Himself to Israel as their protector, provider, and sovereign ruler. The phrase serves as a reminder of the unique identity and calling of Israel among the nations, and it underscores the accountability of the people to their God.

to whom you sent me
This phrase highlights the initiative of the people in seeking divine guidance through Jeremiah. It reflects a moment of humility and recognition of the need for God's direction. The act of sending Jeremiah to God indicates a desire for divine intervention and wisdom, acknowledging that human understanding is insufficient in the face of complex challenges.

to present your petition
The word "petition" (תְּחִנָּה, techinnah) in Hebrew conveys a sense of earnest supplication or plea. It reflects the urgency and sincerity of the people's request for guidance. This phrase underscores the importance of prayer and seeking God's will in times of uncertainty. It is a reminder that God is approachable and willing to hear the cries of His people.

says
The use of "says" (נְאֻם, ne'um) in Hebrew is often associated with prophetic declarations. It signifies the authoritative and binding nature of the message that follows. This word assures the listeners that what is being communicated is not merely human opinion but a divine pronouncement. It calls for a response of obedience and trust in God's revealed will.

If you will indeed stay in this land
This phrase is a conditional promise from God, emphasizing the importance of obedience and trust in His plan. The Hebrew word for "stay" (שָׁכַן, shakan) implies dwelling or settling, suggesting a sense of permanence and commitment. Historically, this was a critical moment for the remnant of Judah after the Babylonian conquest. God was urging them to remain in the land He had given them, despite their fears and uncertainties. This call to stay reflects a broader biblical theme of trusting in God's provision and timing, even when circumstances seem dire.

then I will build you up and not tear you down
The promise of being "built up" (בָּנָה, banah) is a powerful image of restoration and growth. In the context of ancient Israel, building up often referred to the physical and spiritual restoration of the nation. The contrast with "not tear you down" (נָתַץ, nathats) underscores God's desire to nurture and protect His people rather than bring destruction. This reflects God's covenant faithfulness and His ultimate plan for redemption and blessing, even after periods of judgment.

I will plant you and not uproot you
The imagery of planting (נָטַע, nata) conveys stability and fruitfulness. In biblical times, being planted in the land was synonymous with security and prosperity. The assurance of not being uprooted (עָקַר, akar) further emphasizes God's commitment to their well-being. This promise is reminiscent of the blessings described in Psalm 1, where the righteous are likened to a tree planted by streams of water. It speaks to the enduring nature of God's promises and His desire for His people to flourish where He has placed them.

for I relent of the disaster I have brought upon you
The word "relent" (נָחַם, nacham) indicates a change of heart or intention, often translated as "repent" in other contexts. Here, it signifies God's compassion and willingness to withhold further judgment. The "disaster" (רָעָה, ra'ah) refers to the calamity of the Babylonian exile, a consequence of the people's disobedience. Yet, God's relenting highlights His mercy and readiness to forgive and restore. This reflects the broader biblical narrative of God's justice tempered by His grace, offering hope and renewal to those who turn back to Him.

Do not be afraid
This phrase is a recurring exhortation throughout the Bible, often used by God or His messengers to reassure His people. In Hebrew, the phrase is "אַל־תִּירָא" (al-tira), which directly translates to "do not fear." This command is not just a suggestion but a divine imperative, encouraging trust in God's sovereignty and protection. Historically, the Israelites often faced daunting challenges and threats from surrounding nations, yet God consistently reminded them that fear should not dominate their hearts when they are under His care.

of the king of Babylon
The king of Babylon during Jeremiah's time was Nebuchadnezzar II, a powerful ruler who had already conquered Jerusalem and taken many Israelites into exile. The mention of Babylon here is significant, as it represents the epitome of worldly power and opposition to God's people. In the historical context, Babylon was a formidable empire, and its king was feared by many. However, God is reminding the Israelites that no earthly power, no matter how great, is beyond His control.

whom you now fear
This phrase acknowledges the current state of the Israelites' hearts—they are indeed afraid. The Hebrew word for fear here is "יָרֵא" (yare), which can denote both reverential awe and terror. The Israelites' fear of Nebuchadnezzar was understandable given his military might and previous actions against them. Yet, God is calling them to shift their focus from their fear of man to faith in Him.

for I am with you
This assurance is central to the covenant relationship between God and His people. The phrase "I am with you" is a powerful declaration of God's presence, echoing His promises throughout Scripture. In Hebrew, "אִתְּכֶם אָנֹכִי" (ittechem anochi) emphasizes God's personal involvement and commitment to His people. This divine presence is meant to be a source of comfort and strength, reminding the Israelites that they are not alone in their struggles.

to save you
The Hebrew root for "save" is "יָשַׁע" (yasha), which means to deliver or rescue. This is not just a physical salvation from their enemies but also a spiritual deliverance. God's promise to save is a recurring theme in the Bible, pointing ultimately to the salvation offered through Jesus Christ. For the Israelites, this assurance was a reminder of God's past faithfulness and His ability to redeem them from any situation.

and deliver you from his hand
The phrase "deliver you from his hand" uses the Hebrew word "נָצַל" (natsal), which means to snatch away or rescue. This imagery suggests a powerful intervention by God, pulling His people out of danger. The "hand" symbolizes power and control, and God's promise to deliver them from the king of Babylon's hand signifies His superior power and authority over all earthly rulers. This assurance would have been a profound encouragement to the Israelites, reinforcing their trust in God's ultimate plan and protection.

And I will show you compassion
The Hebrew word for "compassion" here is "רַחֲמִים" (rachamim), which conveys a deep sense of mercy and tender love. In the context of the Old Testament, this word often describes God's covenantal love and mercy towards His people. This phrase highlights God's willingness to extend His grace and mercy despite the people's previous disobedience. It serves as a reminder of the divine nature of God, who is always ready to forgive and restore those who turn back to Him. Historically, this reflects the period after the Babylonian exile, where God promises to bring His people back to their homeland, emphasizing His unchanging love and faithfulness.

and he will have compassion on you
The repetition of the word "compassion" underscores its importance. Here, "he" refers to the king of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar, who, under God's influence, would show mercy to the Israelites. This demonstrates God's sovereignty over nations and rulers, using them as instruments to fulfill His divine purposes. It is a powerful reminder that God can turn the hearts of even the most powerful leaders to align with His will, ensuring the protection and restoration of His people.

and restore you to your own land
The word "restore" in Hebrew is "שׁוּב" (shuv), meaning to return or bring back. This term is rich with theological significance, often used in the context of repentance and returning to God. Here, it signifies not only a physical return to the land of Israel but also a spiritual renewal and restoration of the covenant relationship between God and His people. The promise of returning to "your own land" is deeply rooted in the Abrahamic covenant, where God promised the land of Canaan to Abraham's descendants. This phrase reassures the Israelites of God's faithfulness to His promises, offering hope and encouragement that despite their current exile, God has a plan for their future restoration and blessing.

But if you say
This phrase introduces a conditional statement, setting the stage for a choice that the people of Judah must make. The Hebrew word for "if" (אִם, 'im) often introduces a hypothetical situation, emphasizing the potential for human decision and the consequences that follow. This reflects the biblical theme of free will and the responsibility that comes with it. The phrase "you say" indicates a verbal declaration, highlighting the importance of spoken words in covenant relationships with God. In the ancient Near Eastern context, words were powerful and binding, often seen as a reflection of one's heart and intentions.

We will not stay in this land
The decision "not to stay" in the land of Judah is significant. The Hebrew verb for "stay" (יָשַׁב, yashav) means to dwell or settle, implying a sense of permanence and commitment. Historically, the land of Judah was the promised land, a gift from God to the Israelites, symbolizing His covenant and faithfulness. Choosing not to stay reflects a rejection of God's provision and protection. This decision is rooted in fear and distrust, as the people were anxious about the Babylonian threat. It serves as a reminder of the Israelites' recurring struggle with faith and obedience throughout their history.

disobeying the voice of the LORD your God
"Disobeying" here is a translation of the Hebrew verb (מָרָה, marah), which means to rebel or resist authority. This rebellion is not just against a command but against "the voice of the LORD your God," emphasizing the personal and relational aspect of God's communication with His people. The "voice" (קוֹל, qol) of the LORD is a recurring motif in Scripture, representing divine guidance and revelation. Historically, the Israelites were expected to heed God's voice as a sign of their covenant relationship. Disobedience, therefore, is not merely a legal infraction but a breach of trust and relationship with God.

No, we will go to the land of Egypt
This phrase reflects a direct contradiction to God's guidance through the prophet Jeremiah. The Hebrew root for "Egypt" is "Mitzrayim," which historically and scripturally represents a place of bondage and reliance on human strength rather than divine provision. Egypt, in the biblical narrative, is often symbolic of a return to old ways and a lack of trust in God's promises. The Israelites' desire to return to Egypt signifies a spiritual regression and a lack of faith in God's ability to protect and provide for them in their own land.

where we will not see war
The desire to avoid war is understandable, yet it reveals a deeper issue of trust. The Hebrew word for "war" is "milchamah," which not only refers to physical battles but also spiritual struggles. The Israelites' wish to escape war by fleeing to Egypt shows a lack of faith in God's power to deliver them from their enemies. Historically, Egypt was seen as a powerful nation, but reliance on its strength rather than God's protection is a recurring theme of misplaced trust.

or hear the sound of the trumpet
The "sound of the trumpet" in Hebrew, "shofar," is often associated with calls to battle or significant religious events. It symbolizes alertness and readiness for action. By seeking to avoid the sound of the trumpet, the Israelites are expressing a desire to escape the responsibilities and challenges that come with being God's chosen people. This avoidance reflects a spiritual lethargy and a preference for comfort over obedience.

or hunger for bread
The fear of "hunger for bread" highlights a concern for physical sustenance. In Hebrew, "bread" is "lechem," a staple of life and a symbol of God's provision. The Israelites' fear of hunger indicates a lack of trust in God's promise to provide for their needs. Historically, God had provided manna in the wilderness, demonstrating His ability to sustain them. Their desire to seek sustenance in Egypt shows a preference for human solutions over divine provision.

and there we will stay
The decision to "stay" in Egypt signifies a finality and a turning away from God's plan. The Hebrew word "yashab" means to dwell or settle, indicating a long-term commitment. This choice represents a rejection of the land God promised to their ancestors and a refusal to trust in His future plans for them. It is a poignant reminder of the consequences of choosing comfort and security over faith and obedience.

then hear the word of the LORD
This phrase is a divine imperative, calling the remnant of Judah to pay close attention to God's message. The Hebrew word for "hear" is "שָׁמַע" (shama), which implies not just listening but obeying. In the biblical context, hearing God's word is synonymous with submission to His will. This call to hear is a reminder of the covenant relationship between God and His people, where obedience is a sign of faithfulness.

O remnant of Judah
The term "remnant" refers to the small group of Israelites who survived the Babylonian conquest. Historically, the concept of a remnant is significant in the Bible, symbolizing hope and continuity of God's promises despite judgment. Judah, the southern kingdom, had faced severe trials, and this remnant represents those who are left to carry on the legacy of God's chosen people.

This is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says
This introduction underscores the authority and sovereignty of God. "LORD of Hosts" (YHWH Sabaoth) is a title that emphasizes God's command over the heavenly armies, highlighting His power and ability to protect and execute judgment. "The God of Israel" reaffirms the special relationship between God and His people, reminding them of His faithfulness and their identity as His chosen nation.

If you are determined to go to Egypt
The phrase "determined to go" suggests a firm decision or inclination. In the Hebrew text, the word "determined" can be linked to the idea of setting one's heart or mind on something. Egypt, in this context, represents a place of refuge but also a place of temptation and disobedience. Historically, Egypt was often seen as a land of safety due to its resources and military strength, but it also symbolized a return to bondage and reliance on human power rather than God's provision.

and reside there
To "reside" implies settling down or making a permanent home. The Hebrew root "יָשַׁב" (yashab) conveys the idea of dwelling or abiding. This decision to reside in Egypt is not just a physical relocation but a spiritual and covenantal breach. It signifies a turning away from the land God promised to His people and a rejection of His plans for their restoration. The historical context reveals that seeking refuge in Egypt was contrary to God's command to trust Him for deliverance and restoration in their own land.

then the sword you fear
The "sword" in this context symbolizes war and destruction. In Hebrew, the word for sword is "חֶרֶב" (chereb), often used throughout the Old Testament to denote divine judgment or the consequences of disobedience. Historically, the Israelites feared the Babylonian army, known for its might and brutality. This phrase serves as a reminder of the consequences of not trusting in God's protection and seeking refuge in human solutions, such as fleeing to Egypt.

will overtake you there
The phrase "will overtake you" suggests inevitability and the inescapable nature of divine judgment. The Hebrew root "נָשַׂג" (nasag) conveys the idea of being reached or caught. This emphasizes that no matter where the Israelites go, they cannot escape the consequences of their actions if they disobey God's command to remain in Judah. It serves as a powerful reminder of God's omnipresence and the futility of trying to evade His will.

and the famine you dread
"Famine" here is a translation of the Hebrew word "רָעָב" (ra'av), which signifies extreme scarcity of food, often seen as a divine punishment in the Bible. The Israelites' dread of famine reflects their fear of suffering and death. This phrase highlights the human tendency to fear physical needs and security, often leading to decisions that prioritize immediate relief over spiritual obedience and trust in God.

will follow on your heels into Egypt
The imagery of famine "following on your heels" suggests relentless pursuit. The Hebrew concept here implies that the consequences of disobedience are not just a distant threat but are actively pursuing those who stray from God's path. Egypt, historically a place of refuge for the Israelites, is ironically depicted as a place where their fears will be realized, underscoring the futility of relying on worldly powers instead of God.

and you will die there
The finality of "you will die there" serves as a stark warning. Death in Egypt, a land associated with past bondage, symbolizes the ultimate consequence of disobedience and lack of faith. The Hebrew word for die, "מוּת" (muth), is used here to convey both physical death and spiritual separation from God's promises. This phrase is a sobering reminder of the importance of obedience and trust in God's plan, even when it seems counterintuitive or difficult.

So all who resolve
The phrase "resolve" indicates a firm decision or determination. In the Hebrew context, this reflects a deliberate choice made by the people of Judah. Historically, this decision was made despite the warnings from God through the prophet Jeremiah. The Hebrew root word here suggests a setting of the mind or heart, emphasizing the willful disobedience of the people. This serves as a reminder of the importance of aligning our decisions with God's will, as our choices have profound consequences.

to go to Egypt
Egypt, in the biblical narrative, often symbolizes a place of refuge but also a place of bondage and idolatry. The Israelites' history with Egypt is complex, marked by both deliverance and temptation. In this context, going to Egypt represents a lack of trust in God's protection and a return to old dependencies. Theologically, it underscores the danger of seeking security in worldly powers rather than in God.

to reside there
The intention "to reside" implies a permanent settlement, not just a temporary refuge. This decision reflects a deeper commitment to abandon the land God had given them. The Hebrew word for "reside" can also mean to dwell or settle, indicating a significant shift in allegiance and trust. Spiritually, it challenges believers to consider where they choose to "reside" in their faith journey—whether in God's promises or in worldly assurances.

will die by the sword, famine, and plague
This triad of judgment—sword, famine, and plague—represents comprehensive destruction. Each element signifies a different aspect of divine judgment: the sword for warfare and violence, famine for scarcity and desperation, and plague for disease and suffering. Historically, these were common consequences of disobedience and rebellion against God. Theologically, they serve as a sobering reminder of the seriousness of turning away from God's guidance.

Not one of them will survive or escape
The absolute nature of this statement emphasizes the certainty of God's judgment. The Hebrew construction here is emphatic, underscoring that there will be no exceptions or loopholes. This highlights God's justice and the inevitability of His decrees. It serves as a warning to remain faithful and obedient, trusting in God's provision and protection.

the disaster I will bring upon them
The term "disaster" conveys a sense of calamity and divine retribution. In the Hebrew context, it is often associated with God's righteous judgment against sin and rebellion. This phrase reminds us of the consequences of straying from God's path and the importance of heeding His warnings. It also reflects God's sovereignty and His active role in the affairs of nations and individuals.

For this is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says
This phrase establishes the authority and divine origin of the message. "LORD of Hosts" (Yahweh Sabaoth) emphasizes God's supreme command over the heavenly armies, underscoring His power and sovereignty. "The God of Israel" reaffirms His covenant relationship with Israel, reminding them of His faithfulness and their identity as His chosen people. This introduction sets the tone for the seriousness and certainty of the prophecy.

Just as My anger and wrath were poured out on the residents of Jerusalem
The imagery of "anger and wrath" being "poured out" evokes a vivid picture of divine judgment. In Hebrew, "anger" (אַף, aph) and "wrath" (חֵמָה, chemah) convey intense emotions of divine displeasure. The historical context here refers to the recent destruction of Jerusalem by the Babylonians, a consequence of the people's persistent disobedience and idolatry. This serves as a stark warning, reminding the audience of the tangible and devastating results of turning away from God.

so will My wrath be poured out on you when you go to Egypt
The repetition of "wrath" being "poured out" emphasizes the certainty and severity of the impending judgment. The decision to "go to Egypt" symbolizes a lack of trust in God's protection and a return to a place of former bondage. Historically, Egypt was often seen as a place of refuge, but God had explicitly warned against seeking security there (Isaiah 30:1-3). This phrase highlights the futility of relying on human solutions instead of divine guidance.

You will become an object of cursing and horror, of condemnation and reproach
The transformation into "an object of cursing and horror" signifies a complete reversal of fortune. In Hebrew culture, blessings and curses were powerful expressions of one's standing before God and the community. "Cursing" (קְלָלָה, qelalah) and "horror" (שַׁמָּה, shammah) indicate a state of desolation and fear. "Condemnation" and "reproach" further describe the shame and disgrace that will accompany their disobedience. This serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of forsaking God's commands.

and you will never see this place again
This final phrase underscores the permanence of their decision's consequences. "This place" refers to the land of Judah, the promised land given to the Israelites. The loss of the land signifies a severing of their covenantal blessings and heritage. Historically, this prophecy was fulfilled as many who fled to Egypt never returned, highlighting the irrevocable nature of their choice. This serves as a poignant reminder of the importance of obedience and trust in God's promises.

The LORD has spoken
This phrase emphasizes the divine authority and finality of the message. In Hebrew, "Yahweh" is the covenant name of God, signifying His eternal presence and faithfulness. The use of "has spoken" underscores the certainty and unchangeable nature of God's word. Historically, this reflects the prophetic tradition where God's messages were delivered with authority and expected to be obeyed without question.

concerning you
This phrase personalizes the message, indicating that it is directed specifically at the audience, the remnant of Judah. The Hebrew root here implies a direct and intimate communication from God to His people. It serves as a reminder of God's personal involvement in the lives of His followers, highlighting His care and concern for their specific circumstances.

O remnant of Judah
The term "remnant" refers to the small group of Israelites who survived the Babylonian conquest. In the Hebrew context, a remnant often signifies a group preserved by God for a future purpose. This phrase carries a message of hope and continuity, suggesting that despite the nation's calamities, God has not abandoned His people and has plans for their future restoration.

Do not go to Egypt
This command is a direct prohibition against seeking refuge in Egypt. Historically, Egypt was often seen as a place of refuge due to its power and resources. However, in the biblical narrative, Egypt also symbolizes a return to bondage and reliance on human strength rather than trusting in God. This command serves as a test of faith, urging the remnant to trust in God's provision and protection rather than seeking security in foreign alliances.

Know for sure
This phrase is an emphatic assurance meant to eliminate any doubt about the seriousness of the command. The Hebrew conveys a sense of certainty and conviction. It is a call to acknowledge the truth of God's word and to act upon it with confidence. This assurance is meant to strengthen the resolve of the remnant to obey God's directive despite their fears and uncertainties.

For you have deceived yourselves
This phrase highlights the self-deception of the people of Judah. The Hebrew root for "deceived" is "תָּעָה" (ta'ah), which means to err or go astray. Historically, the people of Judah were often led astray by their own desires and fears, rather than trusting in God's guidance. This self-deception is a common theme in the Bible, where individuals or groups convince themselves of a false reality, often leading to dire consequences. In this context, it serves as a warning against the dangers of not being truthful with oneself and with God.

by sending me to the LORD your God
The act of sending Jeremiah to inquire of the LORD indicates a superficial desire to seek divine guidance. The phrase "the LORD your God" emphasizes a personal relationship with God, which the people of Judah claimed to have. However, their actions suggest otherwise. This reflects a historical pattern where the Israelites would seek God's counsel in times of distress but fail to follow through with genuine obedience. It serves as a reminder of the importance of sincerity in our relationship with God.

saying, ‘Pray to the LORD our God on our behalf
Here, the people request intercession from Jeremiah, acknowledging the LORD as "our God." This phrase indicates a communal recognition of God's sovereignty. The Hebrew word for "pray" is "פָּלַל" (palal), which means to intercede or mediate. This reflects the biblical tradition of prophets acting as intermediaries between God and His people. However, the insincerity of their request is evident, as their actions later reveal a lack of true commitment to God's will.

and whatever the LORD says to us, tell us and we will do it.’
This phrase is a declaration of obedience, yet it is ultimately hollow. The Hebrew word for "says" is "דָּבַר" (dabar), which means to speak or declare. The people promise to act on God's word, yet their subsequent actions show a lack of follow-through. This highlights a recurring biblical theme: the importance of not just hearing God's word, but also acting upon it. The phrase serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of making empty promises to God and the importance of aligning one's actions with one's words.

But I have told you today
This phrase emphasizes the immediacy and urgency of the prophet's message. The Hebrew root for "told" is "נָגַד" (nagad), which means to declare or make known. Jeremiah is stressing that the message is not from his own imagination but a direct revelation from God. The use of "today" underscores the present moment, highlighting the importance of immediate obedience and the relevance of God's word in the current situation. Historically, this reflects the urgency of the prophetic message during a time of crisis for Judah, as they faced the threat of Babylonian conquest.

and you still have not obeyed
The word "obeyed" comes from the Hebrew "שָׁמַע" (shama), which means to hear or listen with the intent to act. This phrase indicates a failure to respond appropriately to God's command. The use of "still" suggests a persistent pattern of disobedience, reflecting the Israelites' historical struggle with faithfulness to God's covenant. This disobedience is not just a passive failure to act but an active choice to ignore God's guidance, which has been a recurring theme throughout the Old Testament narrative.

the voice of the LORD your God
The "voice" of the LORD is a powerful concept in Hebrew thought, often associated with divine authority and revelation. The Hebrew word "קוֹל" (qol) signifies not just sound but a commanding presence. The phrase "the LORD your God" is a covenantal term, reminding the Israelites of their unique relationship with Yahweh. This relationship is based on mutual commitment, where God promises protection and blessing in return for their obedience and worship. The failure to heed God's voice is a breach of this sacred covenant, with serious spiritual and national consequences.

in all that He sent me to tell you
The phrase "He sent me" underscores Jeremiah's role as a divinely appointed messenger. The Hebrew root "שָׁלַח" (shalach) means to send or dispatch, indicating that Jeremiah's mission is not self-initiated but commissioned by God. This highlights the authority and authenticity of his message. The comprehensive nature of "all that He sent me to tell you" suggests that God's instructions were clear and complete, leaving no room for misunderstanding or selective obedience. Historically, this reflects the critical juncture at which Judah stood, with their future hinging on their response to God's directives through His prophet.

Now therefore, know for sure
This phrase serves as a solemn warning and a call to certainty. The Hebrew root for "know" is יָדַע (yada), which implies an intimate understanding or recognition. In the context of Jeremiah's prophecy, it emphasizes the certainty and seriousness of God's message. The phrase "know for sure" underscores the irrevocable nature of the consequences that will follow disobedience. It is a divine assurance that the people cannot escape the outcomes of their choices, highlighting the importance of heeding God's word.

that by sword and famine and plague
These three calamities—sword, famine, and plague—are frequently mentioned together in the Old Testament as instruments of divine judgment (e.g., Ezekiel 5:12). The "sword" represents warfare and violence, "famine" signifies scarcity and hunger, and "plague" denotes disease and pestilence. Historically, these were common threats in the ancient Near East, often resulting from or leading to each other. Theologically, they symbolize the comprehensive nature of God's judgment against persistent rebellion. The use of these specific calamities serves as a reminder of the severe consequences of turning away from God's protection and guidance.

you will die
The inevitability of death in this context is a direct result of the people's disobedience. The Hebrew word for "die" is מוּת (muth), which conveys the finality and seriousness of the judgment. This is not merely a physical death but also signifies a spiritual separation from God's favor and blessing. The certainty of this outcome is a stark reminder of the wages of sin (Romans 6:23) and the importance of aligning one's life with God's will.

in the place where you desire to go to reside
This phrase highlights the people's intention to flee to Egypt for safety, despite God's clear instructions to remain in Judah. The Hebrew word for "desire" is חָפֵץ (chaphets), which indicates a strong inclination or longing. Their desire to go to Egypt reflects a lack of trust in God's provision and protection. Historically, Egypt was often seen as a place of refuge, but it also represented a return to bondage and reliance on human strength rather than divine guidance. This serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of following one's own desires over God's commands, reminding believers to seek God's will above personal inclinations.