Numbers 35:21
New International Version
or if out of enmity one person hits another with their fist so that the other dies, that person is to be put to death; that person is a murderer. The avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when they meet.

New Living Translation
Or if someone hates another person and hits him with a fist and he dies, it is murder. In such cases, the avenger must put the murderer to death when they meet.

English Standard Version
or in enmity struck him down with his hand, so that he died, then he who struck the blow shall be put to death. He is a murderer. The avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when he meets him.

Berean Standard Bible
or if in hostility he strikes him with his hand and he dies, the one who struck him must surely be put to death; he is a murderer. When the avenger of blood finds the murderer, he is to kill him.

King James Bible
Or in enmity smite him with his hand, that he die: he that smote him shall surely be put to death; for he is a murderer: the revenger of blood shall slay the murderer, when he meeteth him.

New King James Version
or in enmity he strikes him with his hand so that he dies, the one who struck him shall surely be put to death. He is a murderer. The avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when he meets him.

New American Standard Bible
or if he struck him with his hand with hostility, and as a result he died, the one who struck him must be put to death; he is a murderer. The blood avenger shall put the murderer to death when he meets him.

NASB 1995
or if he struck him down with his hand in enmity, and as a result he died, the one who struck him shall surely be put to death, he is a murderer; the blood avenger shall put the murderer to death when he meets him.

NASB 1977
or if he struck him down with his hand in enmity, and as a result he died, the one who struck him shall surely be put to death, he is a murderer; the blood avenger shall put the murderer to death when he meets him.

Legacy Standard Bible
or if he struck him down with his hand in enmity, and as a result he died, the one who struck him shall surely be put to death; he is a murderer; the blood avenger shall put the murderer to death when he meets him.

Amplified Bible
or if, in enmity, he struck the victim down with his hand, and he died, the one that struck the victim shall certainly be put to death; he is a murderer. The blood avenger shall put the murderer to death when he meets him.

Christian Standard Bible
or if in hostility he strikes him with his hand and he dies, the one who struck him must be put to death; he is a murderer. The avenger of blood is to kill the murderer when he finds him.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
or if in hostility he strikes him with his hand and he dies, the one who struck him must be put to death; he is a murderer. The avenger of blood is to kill the murderer when he finds him.”

American Standard Version
or in enmity smote him with his hand, so that he died; he that smote him shall surely be put to death; he is a murderer: the avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death, when he meeteth him.

English Revised Version
or in enmity smote him with his hand, that he died: he that smote him shall surely be put to death; he is a manslayer: the avenger of blood shall put the manslayer to death, when he meeteth him.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
or if you beat your enemy to death with your bare hands, you must be put to death. You are a murderer. The relative who can avenge the death must kill you when he catches up with you, because you are a murderer.

Good News Translation
or by striking him with your fist, you are guilty of murder and are to be put to death. The dead person's nearest relative has the responsibility for putting the murderer to death. When he finds you, he is to kill you.

International Standard Version
or if he struck him with his hand out of hatred so that he died, then the killer is certainly to be put to death for murder. The avenger of blood is to put him to death when he meets him."

Majority Standard Bible
or if in hostility he strikes him with his hand and he dies, the one who struck him must surely be put to death; he is a murderer. When the avenger of blood finds the murderer, he is to kill him.

NET Bible
or with enmity he strikes him with his hand and he dies, the one who struck him must surely be put to death, for he is a murderer. The avenger of blood must kill the murderer when he meets him.

New Heart English Bible
or in enmity struck him with his hand, so that he died; he who struck him shall surely be put to death. He is a murderer, the murderer must surely be put to death; the avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when he meets him.

Webster's Bible Translation
Or in enmity shall smite him with his hand, that he die: he that smote him shall surely be put to death; for he is a murderer: the avenger of blood shall slay the murderer, when he meeteth him.

World English Bible
or in hostility struck him with his hand, so that he died, he who struck him shall surely be put to death. He is a murderer. The avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when he meets him.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
or he has struck him with his hand in enmity, and he dies, the striker is certainly put to death; he [is] a murderer; the redeemer of blood puts the murderer to death in his coming against him.

Young's Literal Translation
or in enmity he hath smitten him with his hand, and he dieth; the smiter is certainly put to death; he is a murderer; the redeemer of blood doth put the murderer to death in his coming against him.

Smith's Literal Translation
Or in enmity he smote with his hand, and he will die; dying, he smiting shall die; he is a slayer: the nearest relative of blood shall kill the slayer in his meeting him.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Or being his enemy, strike; him with his hand, and he die: the striker shall be guilty of murder: the kinsman of him that was slain as soon as he findeth him, shall kill him.

Catholic Public Domain Version
or, while being his enemy, strikes him with his hand, and so he has died, the attacker shall be guilty of murder. The kinsman of the deceased, as soon as he finds him, shall cut his throat.

New American Bible
or strikes another with the hand out of enmity and death results, the assailant must be put to death as a murderer. The avenger of blood will kill the murderer on sight.

New Revised Standard Version
or in enmity strikes another with the hand, and death ensues, then the one who struck the blow shall be put to death; that person is a murderer; the avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death, when they meet.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Or in enmity smite him with his hand, that he might die, and he did die, the murderer shall surely be put to death; the avenger of the blood himself shall slay the murderer when he meets him.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
With hatred he struck him with his hand so that he should die, and he died; he is a murderer; he shall certainly be killed; the seeker of vengeance of blood shall kill the murderer when he meets him.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
or in enmity smote him with his hand, that he died; he that smote him shall surely be put to death: he is a murderer; the avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when he meeteth him.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
or if he have smitten him with his hand through anger, and the man should die, let the man that smote him be put to death by all means, he is a murderer: let the murderer by all means be put to death: the avenger of blood shall slay the murderer when he meets him.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Six Cities of Refuge
20Likewise, if anyone maliciously pushes another or intentionally throws an object at him and kills him, 21or if in hostility he strikes him with his hand and he dies, the one who struck him must surely be put to death; he is a murderer. When the avenger of blood finds the murderer, he is to kill him. 22But if anyone pushes a person suddenly, without hostility, or throws an object at him unintentionally,…

Cross References
Deuteronomy 19:11-13
If, however, a man hates his neighbor and lies in wait, attacks him and kills him, and then flees to one of these cities, / the elders of his city must send for him, bring him back, and hand him over to the avenger of blood to die. / You must show him no pity. You are to purge from Israel the guilt of shedding innocent blood, that it may go well with you.

Exodus 21:14
But if a man schemes and acts willfully against his neighbor to kill him, you must take him away from My altar to be put to death.

Joshua 20:5
Now if the avenger of blood pursues him, they must not surrender the manslayer into his hand, because that man killed his neighbor accidentally without prior malice.

1 Kings 2:28-34
When the news reached Joab, who had conspired with Adonijah but not with Absalom, he fled to the tent of the LORD and took hold of the horns of the altar. / It was reported to King Solomon: “Joab has fled to the tent of the LORD and is now beside the altar.” So Solomon sent Benaiah son of Jehoiada, saying, “Go, strike him down!” / And Benaiah entered the tent of the LORD and said to Joab, “The king says, ‘Come out!’” But Joab replied, “No, I will die here.” So Benaiah relayed the message to the king, saying, “This is how Joab answered me.” ...

Genesis 9:6
Whoever sheds the blood of man, by man his blood will be shed; for in His own image God has made mankind.

Leviticus 24:17
And if a man takes the life of anyone else, he must surely be put to death.

Deuteronomy 19:4-6
Now this is the situation regarding the manslayer who flees to one of these cities to save his life, having killed his neighbor accidentally, without intending to harm him: / If he goes into the forest with his neighbor to cut timber and swings his axe to chop down a tree, but the blade flies off the handle and strikes and kills his neighbor, he may flee to one of these cities to save his life. / Otherwise, the avenger of blood might pursue the manslayer in a rage, overtake him if the distance is great, and strike him dead though he did not deserve to die, since he did not intend any harm.

2 Samuel 14:5-11
“What troubles you?” the king asked her. “Indeed,” she said, “I am a widow, for my husband is dead. / And your maidservant had two sons who were fighting in the field with no one to separate them, and one struck the other and killed him. / Now the whole clan has risen up against your maidservant and said, ‘Hand over the one who struck down his brother, that we may put him to death for the life of the brother whom he killed. Then we will cut off the heir as well!’ So they would extinguish my one remaining ember by not preserving my husband’s name or posterity on the earth.” ...

2 Kings 14:6
Yet he did not put the sons of the murderers to death, but acted according to what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses, where the LORD commanded: “Fathers must not be put to death for their children, and children must not be put to death for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.”

Matthew 5:21-22
You have heard that it was said to the ancients, ‘Do not murder’ and ‘Anyone who murders will be subject to judgment.’ / But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to his brother, ‘Raca,’ will be subject to the Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be subject to the fire of hell.

Romans 13:4
For he is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not carry the sword in vain. He is God’s servant, an agent of retribution to the wrongdoer.

Acts 7:24
And when he saw one of them being mistreated, Moses went to his defense and avenged him by striking down the Egyptian who was oppressing him.

Matthew 26:52
“Put your sword back in its place,” Jesus said to him. “For all who draw the sword will die by the sword.

John 8:44
You belong to your father, the devil, and you want to carry out his desires. He was a murderer from the beginning, refusing to uphold the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks his native language, because he is a liar and the father of lies.

1 John 3:15
Everyone who hates his brother is a murderer, and you know that eternal life does not reside in a murderer.


Treasury of Scripture

Or in enmity smite him with his hand, that he die: he that smote him shall surely be put to death; for he is a murderer: the revenger of blood shall slay the murderer, when he meets him.

Jump to Previous
Avenger Blood Blow Blows Causing Death Death-Blow Die Died Dies Enmity Hand Hate Hits Hostility Life Meeteth Meets Murderer Result Revenger Right Slay Smite Smitten Smote Struck Surely Taker
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Avenger Blood Blow Blows Causing Death Death-Blow Die Died Dies Enmity Hand Hate Hits Hostility Life Meeteth Meets Murderer Result Revenger Right Slay Smite Smitten Smote Struck Surely Taker
Numbers 35
1. Forty-eight cities for the Levites, with their suburbs, and measure thereof
6. Six of them are to be cities of refuge
9. The laws of murder and manslaughter
31. No satisfaction for murder














or if in hostility
The phrase "in hostility" is derived from the Hebrew word "אֵיבָה" (eyvah), which conveys a sense of enmity or malice. This indicates a premeditated or intentional act of harm, contrasting with accidental or unintentional actions. In the ancient Near Eastern context, intent was crucial in determining guilt and appropriate punishment. The Bible consistently emphasizes the heart's condition, underscoring that God judges not only actions but the motives behind them.

he strikes him with his hand
The act of striking with the hand implies a personal and direct form of violence. In ancient Israelite society, physical altercations were not uncommon, but the law distinguished between accidental harm and deliberate assault. The hand, often symbolic of power and action, here becomes an instrument of sin when used to harm another intentionally. This highlights the responsibility individuals have over their actions and the use of their strength.

and he dies
The consequence of the action is death, which in biblical terms is the ultimate separation from life and community. The gravity of causing another's death is underscored throughout Scripture, reflecting the sanctity of life as created in the image of God (Genesis 1:27). Death as a result of hostility and violence is a perversion of God's original design for human relationships.

the one who struck him must surely be put to death
This phrase reflects the principle of lex talionis, or the law of retribution, which is foundational in Mosaic Law. The Hebrew phrase "מוֹת יוּמָת" (mot yumat) is emphatic, indicating the certainty and necessity of the death penalty for murder. This underscores the seriousness with which God views the taking of innocent life and serves as a deterrent to premeditated violence.

for he is a murderer
The term "murderer" (רֹצֵחַ, rotzeach) is used to describe someone who unlawfully takes a life with intent. This designation carries a moral and legal weight, distinguishing between manslaughter and murder. In biblical law, murder is a violation not only against the individual but against God, who is the giver of life.

The avenger of blood
The "avenger of blood" (גֹּאֵל הַדָּם, go'el ha-dam) was typically a close relative responsible for ensuring justice for the deceased. This role was part of the kinship obligations in ancient Israel, reflecting the communal nature of justice. The avenger acted as an agent of divine justice, emphasizing the community's role in upholding God's laws.

is to put him to death
The directive for the avenger to execute justice underscores the communal responsibility in maintaining order and righteousness. It reflects the seriousness with which God views murder and the necessity of upholding justice to prevent societal chaos. This also points to the ultimate justice of God, who will one day judge all actions.

when he finds him
The phrase "when he finds him" indicates the immediacy and inevitability of justice. It suggests that the murderer cannot escape the consequences of his actions, reflecting the biblical principle that sin will ultimately be exposed and judged. This serves as a sobering reminder of the certainty of divine justice and the importance of living righteously before God.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
or
א֣וֹ (’ōw)
Conjunction
Strong's 176: Desire, if

if in hostility
בְאֵיבָ֞ה (ḇə·’ê·ḇāh)
Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 342: Hostility

he strikes
הִכָּ֤הוּ (hik·kā·hū)
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5221: To strike

him with his hand
בְיָדוֹ֙ (ḇə·yā·ḏōw)
Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 3027: A hand

and he dies,
וַיָּמֹ֔ת (way·yā·mōṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 4191: To die, to kill

the one who struck him
הַמַּכֶּ֖ה (ham·mak·keh)
Article | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5221: To strike

must surely be put to death;
מֽוֹת־ (mō·wṯ-)
Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute
Strong's 4191: To die, to kill

he
ה֑וּא (hū)
Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931: He, self, the same, this, that, as, are

is a murderer.
רֹצֵ֣חַֽ (rō·ṣê·aḥ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 7523: To dash in pieces, kill, to murder

When the avenger
גֹּאֵ֣ל (gō·’êl)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

of blood
הַדָּ֗ם (had·dām)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1818: Blood, of man, an animal, the juice of the grape, bloodshed

finds
בְּפִגְעוֹ־ (bə·p̄iḡ·‘ōw-)
Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 6293: To impinge, by accident, violence, by importunity

the murderer,
הָרֹצֵ֖חַ (hā·rō·ṣê·aḥ)
Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 7523: To dash in pieces, kill, to murder

he is to kill
יָמִ֛ית (yā·mîṯ)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 4191: To die, to kill

him.
אֶת־ (’eṯ-)
Direct object marker
Strong's 853: Untranslatable mark of the accusative case


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OT Law: Numbers 35:21 Or in enmity struck him with his (Nu Num.)
Numbers 35:20
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