Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version “On the south side it will run from Tamar as far as the waters of Meribah Kadesh, then along the Wadi of Egypt to the Mediterranean Sea. This will be the southern boundary. New Living Translation “The southern border will go west from Tamar to the waters of Meribah at Kadesh and then follow the course of the Brook of Egypt to the Mediterranean. This will be the southern border. English Standard Version “On the south side, it shall run from Tamar as far as the waters of Meribah-kadesh, from there along the Brook of Egypt to the Great Sea. This shall be the south side. Berean Standard Bible On the south side it will run from Tamar to the waters of Meribath-kadesh, and along the Brook of Egypt to the Great Sea. This will be the southern boundary. Berean Literal Bible And the side of the Negev toward the south: From Tamar unto the waters of Meribah Kadesh, along the brook of Egypt to the Great Sea. And this is the side of the Negev toward the south. King James Bible And the south side southward, from Tamar even to the waters of strife in Kadesh, the river to the great sea. And this is the south side southward. New King James Version “The south side, toward the South, shall be from Tamar to the waters of Meribah by Kadesh, along the brook to the Great Sea. This is the south side, toward the South. New American Standard Bible “The south side toward the south shall extend from Tamar as far as the waters of Meribath-kadesh, to the brook of Egypt and to the Great Sea. This is the south side toward the south. NASB 1995 “The south side toward the south shall extend from Tamar as far as the waters of Meribath-kadesh, to the brook of Egypt and to the Great Sea. This is the south side toward the south. NASB 1977 “And the south side toward the south shall extend from Tamar as far as the waters of Meribath-kadesh, to the brook of Egypt, and to the Great Sea. This is the south side toward the south. Legacy Standard Bible “And the south side toward the south shall extend from Tamar as far as the waters of Meribath-kadesh, to the brook of Egypt and to the Great Sea. This is the south side toward the south. Amplified Bible “The south side, southward, from Tamar [near the Dead Sea] shall extend as far as the waters of Meribath-kadesh, to the Brook of Egypt and to the Great [Mediterranean] Sea. This is the south side toward the south. Berean Annotated Bible On the south side it will run from Tamar (palm-tree) to the waters of Meribath-kadesh (quarreling) (holy), and along the Brook of Egypt to the Great Sea. This will be the southern boundary. Christian Standard Bible On the south side it will run from Tamar to the Waters of Meribath-kadesh, and on to the Brook of Egypt as far as the Mediterranean Sea. This will be the southern side. Holman Christian Standard Bible On the south side it will run from Tamar to the waters of Meribath-kadesh, and on to the Brook of Egypt as far as the Mediterranean Sea. This will be the southern side. American Standard Version And the south side southward shall be from Tamar as far as the waters of Meriboth-kadesh, to the brook of Egypt, unto the great sea. This is the south side southward. Contemporary English Version The southern border will begin at Tamar, then run southwest to the springs near Meribath-Kadesh. It will continue along the Egyptian Gorge and will end at the Mediterranean Sea. English Revised Version And the south side southward shall be from Tamar as far as the waters of Meriboth-kadesh, to the brook of Egypt, unto the great sea. This is the south side southward. GOD'S WORD® Translation On the south side the border will run from Tamar to the oasis at Meribah in Kadesh along the ravine to the Mediterranean Sea. This is the southern border. Good News Translation "The southern boundary runs southwest from Tamar to the oasis of Kadesh Meribah and then northwest along the Egyptian border to the Mediterranean Sea. International Standard Version "You are to determine the southern extremity running from Tamar as far as the waters of Meribath-kadesh, then from there proceeding to the Wadi, and then to the Mediterranean Sea. This is to be the southern perimeter. NET Bible On the south side it will run from Tamar to the waters of Meribath Kadesh, the river, to the Great Sea. This is the south side. New Heart English Bible The south side southward shall be from Tamar as far as the waters of Meriboth Kadesh, to the Wadi, to the Great Sea. This is the south side southward. Webster's Bible Translation And the south side southward, from Tamar even to the waters of strife in Kadesh, the river to the great sea. And this is the south side southward. Majority Text Translations Majority Standard BibleOn the south side it will run from Tamar to the waters of Meribath-kadesh, and along the Brook of Egypt to the Great Sea. This will be the southern boundary. World English Bible “The south side southward shall be from Tamar as far as the waters of Meriboth Kadesh, to the brook, to the great sea. This is the south side southward. Literal Translations Literal Standard VersionAnd the south quarter southward [is] from Tamar to the waters of Meriboth-Kadesh, the stream to the Great Sea: and [this is] the south quarter southward. Berean Literal Bible And the side of the Negev toward the south: From Tamar unto the waters of Meribah Kadesh, along the brook of Egypt to the Great Sea. And this is the side of the Negev toward the south. Young's Literal Translation And the south quarter southward is from Tamar unto the waters of Meriboth-Kadesh, the stream unto the great sea: and this is the south quarter southward. Smith's Literal Translation And the south side southward from Tamar even to the waters of contradiction in Kadesh, the torrent to the the great sea: and the south side south Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleAnd the south side southward is from Thamar even to the waters of contradiction of Cades: and the torrent even to the great sea: and this is the south side southward. Catholic Public Domain Version Now the southern region, toward the meridian, will be from Tamar, even to the Waters of Contradiction at Kadesh, and from the Torrent, even to the great sea. And this is the southern region, toward the meridian. New American Bible The southern border shall go southward from Tamar to the waters of Meribath-kadesh, on to the Wadi of Egypt, and into the Great Sea. This is the southern boundary. New Revised Standard Version On the south side, it shall run from Tamar as far as the waters of Meribath-kadesh, from there along the Wadi of Egypt to the Great Sea. This shall be the south side. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleAnd the south side shall be from Tamar as far as the waters of Maribath in Kadesh, then along the shores of the great sea. This is the south side. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated And the south wind of Tamar and unto the waters of Maribath Qadish, the inheritance of the Great Sea OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917And the south side southward shall be from Tamar as far as the waters of Meriboth-kadesh, to the Brook, unto the Great Sea. This is the south side southward. Brenton Septuagint Translation And the southern and south-western coasts are from Thaeman and the city of palm-trees, to the water of Marimoth Cadem, reaching forth to the great sea. This part is the south and south-west. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context The Borders of the Land…18On the east side the border will run between Hauran and Damascus, along the Jordan between Gilead and the land of Israel, to the Eastern Sea and as far as Tamar. This will be the eastern boundary. 19On the south side it will run from Tamar to the waters of Meribath-kadesh, and along the Brook of Egypt to the Great Sea. This will be the southern boundary. 20And on the west side, the Great Sea will be the boundary up to a point opposite Lebo-hamath. This will be the western boundary.… Cross References On the south side Ezekiel 48:28 The southern border of Gad will run from Tamar to the waters of Meribath-kadesh, then along the Brook of Egypt and out to the Great Sea. Joshua 18:19 The border continued to the northern slope of Beth-hoglah and came out at the northern bay of the Salt Sea, at the mouth of the Jordan. This was the southern border. it will run from Tamar 1 Kings 9:18 Baalath, and Tamar in the Wilderness of Judah, 2 Chronicles 8:4 He built Tadmor in the wilderness, in addition to all the store cities that he had built in Hamath. to the waters of Meribath-kadesh, Numbers 20:13 These were the waters of Meribah, where the Israelites quarreled with the LORD, and He showed His holiness among them. Deuteronomy 32:51 For at the waters of Meribah-kadesh in the Wilderness of Zin, both of you broke faith with Me among the Israelites by failing to treat Me as holy in their presence. and along the Brook of Egypt Numbers 34:5 where it will turn from Azmon, join the Brook of Egypt, and end at the Sea. Joshua 15:47 Ashdod, with its towns and villages; Gaza, with its towns and villages, as far as the Brook of Egypt and the coastline of the Great Sea. to the Great Sea. Numbers 34:6 Your western border will be the coastline of the Great Sea; this will be your boundary on the west. Joshua 15:12 And the western border was the coastline of the Great Sea. These are the boundaries around the clans of the descendants of Judah. This will be the southern boundary. Numbers 34:3-5 Your southern border will extend from the Wilderness of Zin along the border of Edom. On the east, your southern border will run from the end of the Salt Sea, / cross south of the Ascent of Akrabbim, continue to Zin, and go south of Kadesh-barnea. Then it will go on to Hazar-addar and proceed to Azmon, / where it will turn from Azmon, join the Brook of Egypt, and end at the Sea. Joshua 15:4 It proceeded to Azmon, joined the Brook of Egypt, and ended at the Sea. This was their southern border. Joshua 15:1-4 Now the allotment for the clans of the tribe of Judah extended to the border of Edom, to the Wilderness of Zin at the extreme southern boundary: / Their southern border started at the bay on the southern tip of the Salt Sea, / proceeded south of the Ascent of Akrabbim, continued on to Zin, went over to the south of Kadesh-barnea, ran past Hezron up to Addar, and curved toward Karka. … Isaiah 34:6 The sword of the LORD is bathed in blood. It drips with fat—with the blood of lambs and goats, with the fat of the kidneys of rams. For the LORD has a sacrifice in Bozrah, a great slaughter in the land of Edom. Amos 1:12 So I will send fire upon Teman to consume the citadels of Bozrah.” 2 Kings 14:7 Amaziah struck down 10,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt. He took Sela in battle and called it Joktheel, which is its name to this very day. Treasury of Scripture And the south side southward, from Tamar even to the waters of strife in Kadesh, the river to the great sea. And this is the south side southward. Tamar. Ezekiel 48:28 And by the border of Gad, at the south side southward, the border shall be even from Tamar unto the waters of strife in Kadesh, and to the river toward the great sea. strife. Numbers 20:13 This is the water of Meribah; because the children of Israel strove with the LORD, and he was sanctified in them. Deuteronomy 32:51 Because ye trespassed against me among the children of Israel at the waters of MeribahKadesh, in the wilderness of Zin; because ye sanctified me not in the midst of the children of Israel. Deuteronomy 33:8 And of Levi he said, Let thy Thummim and thy Urim be with thy holy one, whom thou didst prove at Massah, and with whom thou didst strive at the waters of Meribah; river. Joshua 12:3 And from the plain to the sea of Chinneroth on the east, and unto the sea of the plain, even the salt sea on the east, the way to Bethjeshimoth; and from the south, under Ashdothpisgah: southward. Jump to Previous Brook Egypt Extend Far Great Kadesh Meribah Meribah-Kadesh Meribath-Kadesh Meribath-Ka'desh Meriboth-Kadesh River Run Sea Side South Southward Stream Strife Tamar Thence Torrent WatersJump to Next Brook Egypt Extend Far Great Kadesh Meribah Meribah-Kadesh Meribath-Kadesh Meribath-Ka'desh Meriboth-Kadesh River Run Sea Side South Southward Stream Strife Tamar Thence Torrent WatersEzekiel 47 1. The vision of the holy waters6. The virtue of them 13. The borders of the land 22. The division of it by lot On the south side This phrase indicates the southern boundary of the land described in Ezekiel's vision. The context is a prophetic vision of the division of the land among the tribes of Israel, symbolizing restoration and divine order. The south side is significant as it often represents the direction of warmth and life in biblical symbolism. it will run from Tamar to the waters of Meribath-kadesh and along the Brook of Egypt to the Great Sea This will be the southern boundary Persons / Places / Events 1. EzekielA prophet during the Babylonian exile, Ezekiel receives visions from God, including the vision of the new temple and the division of the land. 2. Tamar A location mentioned as a starting point for the southern boundary of the land. Its exact historical location is debated, but it is significant in marking territorial boundaries. 3. Meribah-kadesh A place associated with the Israelites' wilderness wanderings, where Moses struck the rock to bring forth water. It symbolizes God's provision and the people's rebellion. 4. Brook of Egypt Often identified with the Wadi El-Arish, it serves as a geographical marker for the southern boundary of the Promised Land. 5. The Great Sea Known today as the Mediterranean Sea, it forms the western boundary of the land described in Ezekiel's vision. Teaching Points God's Faithfulness in BoundariesThe specific boundaries described in Ezekiel 47:19 remind us of God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises. Just as He set boundaries for Israel, He sets spiritual boundaries for our lives to guide and protect us. Symbolism of Water The mention of Meribah-kadesh and the Brook of Egypt highlights the importance of water as a symbol of life and sustenance. In our spiritual journey, Jesus is the living water, providing for our deepest needs. Historical and Prophetic Significance Understanding the historical context of these boundaries helps us appreciate the prophetic nature of Ezekiel's vision. It points to a future hope and restoration for God's people. God's Provision and Human Rebellion The reference to Meribah-kadesh serves as a reminder of human rebellion and God's continued provision. It challenges us to trust in God's provision and avoid the pitfalls of doubt and disobedience. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of Ezekiel 47:19?2. How does Ezekiel 47:19 define the southern boundary of the Promised Land? 3. What significance does the "Great Sea" hold in biblical geography and prophecy? 4. How does Ezekiel 47:19 connect to God's covenant promises to Israel? 5. How can understanding biblical boundaries influence our spiritual boundaries today? 6. What lessons from Ezekiel 47:19 can guide our obedience to God's commands? 7. What is the significance of the boundary described in Ezekiel 47:19 for Israel's inheritance? 8. How does Ezekiel 47:19 relate to God's promise to Abraham about the land? 9. Why is the southern boundary in Ezekiel 47:19 important for understanding biblical geography? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from Ezekiel 47? 11. Why does Isaiah 19's prophecy differ from other prophetic passages about Egypt (e.g., Ezekiel 29) if they both claim divine judgment? 12. Is there any archaeological evidence that confirms the captivity described in Ezekiel 19:4 and 19:9? 13. How can Ezekiel 19:2-9 be harmonized with the historical records of Judah's exiles, given the imagery of lion cubs taken captive? 14. If Ezekiel 30 as a whole is taken literally, why do we not see conclusive archeological or historical confirmation of these catastrophic outcomes across Egypt and the surrounding nations? What Does Ezekiel 47:19 Mean On the south side- Ezekiel’s vision turns our eyes to the southern edge of Israel’s future allotment. Just as Numbers 34:3–5 sketched the same side of the land, the prophet affirms continuity with God’s earlier promise. - South implies warmth, openness, and in Scripture often signals the wilderness (Judges 1:16). Yet even there God draws clear, protective lines—His covenant people are never left in vagueness. it will run from Tamar - Tamar sits near the southern end of the Dead Sea, recalling Genesis 14:7 where “Hazazon-tamar (that is, En-gedi)” marked a strategic oasis. - Starting here ties the new border to a place already known for God’s earlier deliverance of Abram. It roots the future inheritance in past faithfulness, echoing Ezekiel 47:14: “I swore with uplifted hand to give it to your fathers.” to the waters of Meribath-kadesh - Meribath-kadesh (Numbers 20:13) is the site where Moses struck the rock and God’s holiness was vindicated. Deuteronomy 32:51 later calls it “the waters of Meribah at Kadesh.” - Anchoring the border here reminds Israel that entry into the land has always hinged on trusting obedience. This line is more than geography; it is a standing testimony of the cost of unbelief and the constancy of divine provision. and along the Brook of Egypt - Often identified with the Wadi el-Arish, this seasonal river formed the southwestern limit in Genesis 15:18 and Numbers 34:5, separating Israel from Egypt’s sphere. - Crossing that brook once meant leaving bondage (Exodus 14:26-31). In the restored map it becomes a guardrail, signaling that the redeemed community will never return to slavery (Isaiah 27:12). to the Great Sea - The Mediterranean (“Great Sea,” Joshua 1:4) provides the western wall of the south-running border. Its vast horizon pictures the expansive reach of God’s blessing to the nations (Psalm 89:25; Acts 9:43). - By connecting the desert line to the sea, the Lord frames His land with both barrenness and abundance—again asserting sovereign mastery over extremes (Psalm 107:33-35). This will be the southern boundary - The summary phrase seals the measurement, echoing Ezekiel 47:13’s declaration, “This is the land you are to allot as an inheritance.” - Numbers 34:3-5 and Joshua 15:1-4 show God has never left the border question to human negotiation; He fixes it, and Israel receives it. That certainty fosters security and invites worship. summary Ezekiel 47:19 draws a precise southern line—from Tamar by the Dead Sea, through Meribath-kadesh, following the Brook of Egypt, to the Mediterranean. Each point recalls a milestone of God’s faithfulness, holiness, deliverance, and sovereignty. In the coming restoration Israel will dwell within boundaries first promised to the patriarchs, now reaffirmed for the millennial future, proving yet again that every word God speaks stands firm. (19) From Tamar even to the waters of strife.--The southern border, as given in Numbers 34:3-5, is identical with that described here, as far as the two can be compared. Tamar has been identified with Kurnub, a ruined village some twenty-five miles west of the southern end of the Dead Sea; but as the old boundary certainly went far to the south of this and as the next place mentioned is Kadesh, about thirty miles nearly south from the Dead Sea, the Tamar here meant is more probably some place not yet identified. Kadesh, known from the "waters of strife" as Meribah (Numbers 20:3-14), is called Kadesh-barnea in Numbers 34:4. It has been identified by Robinson with the Ain-el-Weibeh, about thirty miles slightly west of south from the Dead Sea. Its exact situation, however, is somewhat doubtful.The river to the great sea.--Literally, riverward to the great sea. From Kadesh the boundary was to strike across the mountainous desert to what is often called in Scripture "the river of Egypt," and was anciently known as the Rhinocolura, now called the Wady-el-Arish. It followed this to the Mediterranean. The length of the southern boundary, following the curve of the Rhinocolura, must have been nearly 100 miles, or about eighty-seven miles from east to west. Verse 19. - The south boundary. This should begin where the east boundary terminated, viz. at Tamar, "Palm tree." Different from Hazezon-Tamar, or Engedi (ver. 10; 2 Chronicles 20:2), which lay too far up the west side of the sea, Tamar can hardly be identified either with the Tamar of 1 Kings 9:18 near Tadmor in the wilderness, or with the Thamara (Θαμαρά) of Eusebius between Hebron and Elath, supposed by Robinson ('Bibl. Rea,' it 616, 622) to he Kurnub, six hours south of Milh, towards the pass of Es-Sufah, since this was too distant from the Dead Sea The most plausible conjecture is that Tamar was "a village near the southern end of the Dead Sea" (Currey). Proceeding westward, the southern boundary should reach to the waters of strife in Kadesh; better, to the waters of Meribotk Kadesh. These were in the Desert of Sin, near Kadesh-Barnea (Numbers 20:1-13), which, again, was on the road from Hebron to Egypt (Genesis 16:14). The exact site, however, of Kadesh-Barnea is matter of dispute; Rowland and Keil find it in the spring 'Ain Kades, at the north-west corner of the mountain-land of Azazimeh, which stretches on the south of Palestine from the south-south-west to the north-north-east, and forms the watershed Between the Mediterranean and the Arabah valley. Delitzsch and Conder seek it in the neighborhood of the Wady-el-Jemen, on the south-east side of the above watershed, and on the road from Mount Hot. Robinson ('Bibl. Rea,' 2:582) discovers it in 'Ain-el-Weibeh, not far from Petra. A writer (Sin., Smend?) in Riehm ('Handworterbuch des Biblischen Alterthums,' art. "Kades") pleads for a site on the west side of the Azazimeh plateau, and in the vicinity of the road by Shur to Egypt. Leaving Kadesh, the boundary should continue to the river, or, brook, of Egypt, and thence extend to the great sea, or Mediterranean. The punctuation of גַחֲלָה, which makes the word signify "lot,' must be changed into נַחְלָה, so as to mean "river," since the reference manifestly is to the torrent of Egypt, the Wady-el-Arish, on the borders of Palestine and Egypt, which enters the Mediterranean near Rhinocorura (Ῥινοκόρουρα). In Numbers 34:5 it is called the river of Egypt. And this is the south side southward (see on ver. 17). The correspondence between this line and that of the earlier chart (Numbers 34:4, 5) is once more apparent.Parallel Commentaries ... Hebrew On the southנֶ֣גֶב (ne·ḡeḇ) Noun - feminine singular Strong's 5045: South country, the Negeb, south side וּפְאַת֙ (ū·p̄ə·’aṯ) Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct Strong's 6285: Mouth, direction, region, extremity it will run from Tamar מִתָּמָ֗ר (mit·tā·mār) Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 8559: Tamar -- daughter-in-law of Judah, also two Israelite women, also a place South of the Dead Sea to עַד־ (‘aḏ-) Preposition Strong's 5704: As far as, even to, up to, until, while the waters מֵי֙ (mê) Noun - masculine plural construct Strong's 4325: Water, juice, urine, semen of Meribath-kadesh, מְרִיב֣וֹת (mə·rî·ḇō·wṯ) Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 4808: Strife, contention and along the Brook [of Egypt] נַחֲלָ֖ה (na·ḥă·lāh) Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 5158: A stream, a winter torrent, a, valley, a shaft to אֶל־ (’el-) Preposition Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to the Great הַגָּד֑וֹל (hag·gā·ḏō·wl) Article | Adjective - masculine singular Strong's 1419: Great, older, insolent Sea. הַיָּ֣ם (hay·yām) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 3220: A sea, the Mediterranean Sea, large river, an artifical basin This will be the southern נֶֽגְבָּה׃ (neḡ·bāh) Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singular Strong's 5045: South country, the Negeb, south boundary. פְּאַת־ (pə·’aṯ-) Noun - feminine singular construct Strong's 6285: Mouth, direction, region, extremity Links Ezekiel 47:19 NIVEzekiel 47:19 NLT Ezekiel 47:19 ESV Ezekiel 47:19 NASB Ezekiel 47:19 KJV Ezekiel 47:19 BibleApps.com Ezekiel 47:19 Biblia Paralela Ezekiel 47:19 Chinese Bible Ezekiel 47:19 French Bible Ezekiel 47:19 Catholic Bible OT Prophets: Ezekiel 47:19 The south side southward shall be (Ezek. Eze Ezk) |
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