Dictionary of Bible Themes Dictionary of Bible Themes » 4000 Creation » 4200 Places » 4269 Sinai, Mount The mountain in the Sinai peninsula (probably present-day Jebel Musa), also called Horeb in the OT, where God made a covenant with Israel, establishing them as his people and giving them his laws. In the NT Sinai is seen as symbolising the old covenant. Mount Sinai and the call of Moses Exodus 3:1-10 Most scholars agree that the names Horeb and Sinai are used interchangeably of the same mountain, although some see them as referring to separate peaks within the same range. See also Acts 7:30-34 God reveals himself to Israel at Mount Sinai The people of Israel arrive at Mount Sinai three months after leaving Egypt God promises to make Israel his people God calls for holiness among his people See also Exodus 19:10-15,20-24 God appears in a theophany Exodus 19:16-19 See also Deuteronomy 4:10-12; Hebrews 12:18-21 God gives his laws to Israel on Mount Sinai God gives Israel the Ten Commandments Exodus 20:1-17 pp Deuteronomy 5:6-21 Israel responds with fear to God's revelation See also Exodus 20:18-21; Deuteronomy 5:23-27; Deuteronomy 18:16 God gives Israel the Book of the Covenant Exodus 20:22-23:19 These laws, largely an expansion and exposition of the Ten Commandments, are called “the Book of the Covenant” in Ex 24:7. God establishes the covenant with Israel on Mount Sinai Moses performs the ceremony establishing the covenant Moses and other leaders ascend Mount Sinai to seal the covenant with a meal before God Moses ascends Mount Sinai further to receive the stone tablets and the requirements of covenant worship Exodus 24:12-18 During Moses' 40 days on Mount Sinai, God revealed to him the requirements of covenant worship, as outlined in Ex 25:1-31:18. See also Leviticus 7:37-38; Leviticus 26:46 Moses descends Mount Sinai and discovers Israel's idolatry Exodus 32:19 See also Exodus 32:1-6,21-35; Deuteronomy 9:8-21; Psalm 106:19-23 God commands Israel to move on from Mount Sinai Exodus 33:1-6,15-16 God calls Moses up Mount Sinai again Moses is commanded to prepare new stone tablets God reveals his nature and name to Moses God renews his covenant with Israel See also Exodus 34:10-28 Moses descends Mount Sinai, his face radiant The people of Israel prepare to move on from Mount Sinai God commands Moses to take a census of Israel in the Desert of Sinai Numbers 1:1-4; Numbers 3:14-16 The Israelites celebrate the Passover at Mount Sinai The Israelites leave Mount Sinai Numbers 10:11-13 The Israelites had been at Mount Sinai for almost a year (see also Ex 19:1); Deuteronomy 1:6-8 Later generations look back to God's revelation on Mount Sinai Judges 5:5 Ascribing the title “the One of Sinai” to God, Deborah acknowledges the great importance of his revelation at Mount Sinai. See also 1 Kings 19:8-9 Elijah's return to Horeb, the mountain of God, shows his need to hear God clearly again; Nehemiah 9:13-14; Psalm 68:7-8; Psalm 106:19-23; Malachi 4:4; Acts 7:37-38 Mount Sinai seen by NT writers as a symbol of the old covenant Galatians 4:24-31 Hagar, Mount Sinai and the present city of Jerusalem stand for the old covenant and bondage to the law, while Sarah and the new heavenly Jerusalem stand for the new covenant and living by faith; Hebrews 12:18-29 See also
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