Open your doors
This phrase is a call to action, suggesting an invitation or allowance for something significant to occur. In the Hebrew context, "open" (פִּתְחִי, pithchi) implies a deliberate act of making way or preparing for an event. Historically, Lebanon was known for its strong defenses and natural barriers, symbolized by its majestic mountains and forests. The opening of doors signifies vulnerability and the removal of barriers, possibly indicating a forthcoming judgment or invasion. Spiritually, it can be seen as a call for the people to prepare their hearts for divine intervention or correction.

O Lebanon
Lebanon, in the biblical context, is renowned for its lush forests and, most notably, its cedars. The cedars of Lebanon were highly prized for their quality and were used in significant constructions, including Solomon's Temple (1 Kings 5:6). The mention of Lebanon here is symbolic, representing strength, pride, and natural beauty. In a prophetic sense, Lebanon can symbolize nations or peoples who are proud and self-reliant, standing in contrast to the humility required by God. The call to Lebanon is a metaphorical address to those who rely on their own strength rather than on God.

that the fire may devour
Fire, in biblical literature, often symbolizes judgment, purification, or destruction. The Hebrew word for fire (אֵשׁ, esh) conveys both a literal and metaphorical sense of consuming power. In this context, the fire represents divine judgment that is inevitable and consuming. The imagery of fire devouring suggests a thorough and complete act of judgment, leaving nothing untouched. Historically, this could allude to the invasions and destructions that would come upon the land, serving as a divine response to the people's disobedience and idolatry.

your cedars
Cedars are emblematic of strength, durability, and grandeur. The cedars of Lebanon were famous throughout the ancient world and were a source of national pride. In the prophetic literature, cedars can symbolize human pride and self-sufficiency. The destruction of the cedars by fire indicates the dismantling of what is considered strong and unassailable. Spiritually, this serves as a reminder that no human strength or achievement can stand against the judgment of God. It is a call to humility and recognition of God's ultimate authority over creation.

Wail, O cypress
The Hebrew word for "wail" is "yalal," which conveys a deep, mournful cry, often associated with lamentation over destruction or loss. The "cypress" tree, known for its durability and beauty, symbolizes strength and resilience. In this context, the call for the cypress to wail signifies a profound loss, suggesting that even the strong and enduring are not immune to judgment. This imagery serves as a poignant reminder of the vulnerability of human pride and the need for humility before God.

for the cedar has fallen
The "cedar" is a symbol of majesty and grandeur, often associated with the cedars of Lebanon, renowned for their height and strength. The phrase "has fallen" indicates a sudden and catastrophic event, reflecting the downfall of what was once considered mighty and unassailable. This serves as a metaphor for the fall of powerful nations or leaders who have turned away from God's ways, emphasizing the theme of divine judgment against pride and arrogance.

the majestic trees are destroyed
The term "majestic trees" refers to those that are lofty and impressive, symbolizing greatness and nobility. The word "destroyed" underscores the totality of the devastation, leaving no room for recovery or restoration. This imagery highlights the consequences of turning away from God, where even the most splendid and revered entities are not spared from His righteous judgment.

Wail, oaks of Bashan
The "oaks of Bashan" were known for their strength and robustness, growing in the fertile and prosperous region of Bashan. The repetition of "wail" reinforces the theme of lamentation and loss. The oaks' call to mourn signifies the widespread impact of the judgment, affecting all levels of society and creation. This serves as a warning to remain faithful and obedient to God, lest we face similar consequences.

for the dense forest has been cut down
The "dense forest" represents a place of abundance and life, teeming with growth and vitality. The phrase "has been cut down" conveys a sense of irreversible destruction, where what was once thriving is now laid waste. This serves as a powerful metaphor for the spiritual barrenness that results from disobedience to God. It is a call to repentance and a reminder of the importance of remaining rooted in God's truth to avoid spiritual desolation.

Listen to the wail of the shepherds
The word "listen" in Hebrew is "שְׁמַע" (shema), which is a call to hear with attention and obedience. This is not merely a passive hearing but an active engagement with the message. The "wail of the shepherds" signifies a deep lamentation and distress. Shepherds, in biblical times, were leaders and caretakers of the flock, often symbolizing spiritual leaders or kings. Their wailing indicates a profound loss or calamity affecting their leadership and the people they guide. Historically, this could reflect the impending judgment and destruction that would come upon the leaders of Israel due to their unfaithfulness.

for their glory is in ruins
The term "glory" (Hebrew: "כָּבוֹד", kavod) often refers to honor, splendor, or the weightiness of one's reputation. In this context, the glory of the shepherds being in ruins suggests a complete collapse of their honor and authority. This ruin is a consequence of their failure to lead righteously and protect their flock. Theologically, it serves as a warning that God holds leaders accountable for their stewardship and that earthly glory is fleeting when not rooted in divine obedience.

Listen to the roar of the young lions
The "roar" (Hebrew: "שְׁאָגָה", she'agah) of the young lions conveys a sense of power and ferocity. Lions, particularly young ones, symbolize strength and dominance. The imagery of lions roaring could represent the rising of new, powerful forces or nations that threaten the current order. In a spiritual sense, it may also reflect the chaos and destruction that ensue when God's protective presence is withdrawn due to the people's disobedience.

for the thickets of the Jordan are destroyed
The "thickets of the Jordan" refers to the dense, lush vegetation along the Jordan River, which was a symbol of fertility and life. The destruction of these thickets signifies a loss of prosperity and security. Historically, the Jordan River was a significant geographical and spiritual landmark for Israel, representing both physical sustenance and spiritual milestones (such as the crossing into the Promised Land). The destruction here can be seen as a metaphor for the spiritual desolation that results from turning away from God.

This is what the LORD my God says
The phrase underscores the divine authority and origin of the message. The Hebrew term for "LORD" is "Yahweh," the covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal and unchanging nature. "My God" personalizes the relationship between Zechariah and the divine, highlighting the prophet's role as a mediator of God's word. This introduction sets the tone for a message of significant importance, reminding the audience of the divine source and the weight of the prophecy.

Pasture the flock
The Hebrew word for "pasture" is "ra'ah," which means to tend, shepherd, or care for. This term is rich with pastoral imagery, evoking the role of a shepherd who provides for, protects, and guides the sheep. In a biblical context, shepherding is often used metaphorically to describe the leadership and care God expects from those He appoints over His people. The call to "pasture" implies a responsibility to nurture and lead with diligence and compassion.

marked for slaughter
The phrase "marked for slaughter" is a sobering depiction of the fate awaiting the flock. The Hebrew word "harag" means to kill or destroy, indicating a predetermined outcome of death or destruction. Historically, this reflects the dire situation of the people of Israel, who were facing judgment due to their disobedience and rejection of God's covenant. The imagery of a flock destined for slaughter serves as a poignant reminder of the consequences of straying from God's path and the urgent need for repentance and divine intervention.

whose buyers slaughter them with impunity
This phrase highlights the callousness and moral decay of those who exploit others for personal gain. The Hebrew root for "buyers" (קֹנֵיהֶם, qonehem) implies acquisition or possession, often used in contexts of trade or ownership. Historically, this reflects the practices of ancient Near Eastern societies where the vulnerable, such as slaves or the poor, were often treated as mere commodities. The term "slaughter" (שׁוֹחֲטֵיהֶם, shochatehem) is particularly vivid, suggesting not just physical harm but a complete disregard for life. "With impunity" indicates a lack of accountability or justice, pointing to a societal breakdown where the powerful act without fear of retribution. This serves as a stark warning against the dehumanization and exploitation prevalent in Zechariah's time, urging readers to reflect on the value of every human life as created in the image of God.

Those who sell them say, ‘Blessed be the LORD, for I am rich!’
This phrase reveals the hypocrisy and self-deception of those who profit from exploitation. The sellers, represented by the Hebrew word מֹכְרֵיהֶם (mokrehem), are depicted as individuals who justify their actions through a veneer of religious piety. The exclamation "Blessed be the LORD" (בָּרוּךְ יְהוָה, baruch YHWH) is a common expression of gratitude or praise, yet here it is used ironically. The sellers attribute their wealth to divine blessing, ignoring the unethical means by which it was obtained. This reflects a broader biblical theme where material prosperity is mistakenly equated with divine favor, a notion challenged by the prophets who emphasize justice and righteousness over wealth. The phrase serves as a caution against conflating financial success with spiritual approval, reminding believers that true blessing aligns with God's moral and ethical standards.

Even their own shepherds have no compassion for them
The term "shepherds" (רֹעֵיהֶם, ro'ehem) is often used metaphorically in the Bible to denote leaders or those in positions of care and authority. In this context, it underscores the failure of those entrusted with the welfare of others. The lack of "compassion" (לֹא יַחְמוֹל, lo yachmol) is a grave indictment, as the Hebrew root חמל (chamal) conveys a deep sense of mercy and care. Historically, shepherds were responsible for the safety and well-being of their flock, making this neglect particularly egregious. This phrase highlights the moral and spiritual decay of leadership in Zechariah's time, serving as a prophetic critique of leaders who prioritize self-interest over their duty to protect and nurture. It calls believers to seek leaders who embody Christ-like compassion and to hold them accountable to the standards of justice and mercy outlined in Scripture.

For I will no longer have compassion
The phrase "I will no longer have compassion" is a sobering declaration from the LORD, indicating a withdrawal of divine mercy. The Hebrew word for "compassion" is "racham," which conveys deep mercy and tender love. Historically, God's compassion has been a sustaining force for Israel, often sparing them from the full consequences of their disobedience. This withdrawal signifies a turning point, where the people must face the repercussions of their actions without divine intervention.

on the people of the land
"People of the land" refers to the inhabitants of Israel, specifically those who have turned away from God's covenant. In the historical context, this phrase often denotes the common people, as opposed to the ruling class. The land, promised to Abraham and his descendants, is now a place of impending judgment due to the people's persistent rebellion and idolatry.

declares the LORD
This phrase underscores the authority and certainty of the message. "Declares" translates from the Hebrew "ne'um," often used in prophetic literature to affirm that the message is directly from God. The use of "LORD" (YHWH) emphasizes the covenantal relationship between God and Israel, highlighting the gravity of their breach of faith.

but behold, I will cause each man to fall into the hand of his neighbor and king
The word "behold" serves as a call to attention, indicating the seriousness of the forthcoming judgment. The phrase "fall into the hand" suggests being delivered into the power or control of another, often with negative connotations. Historically, this reflects the internal strife and external oppression that Israel faced, where neighbors and rulers became instruments of God's judgment due to the nation's disobedience.

and they will devastate the land
"Devastate" comes from the Hebrew "shadad," meaning to destroy or ruin. This devastation is both physical and spiritual, as the land suffers from the consequences of the people's sin. Archaeological evidence of destruction layers in ancient Israelite cities corroborates periods of turmoil and conquest, aligning with biblical accounts of divine judgment.

and I will not deliver it from their hands
The phrase "I will not deliver" is a stark reminder of God's sovereignty and justice. The Hebrew root "natsal" means to rescue or save, a role God frequently played in Israel's history. Here, the absence of deliverance signifies a period where the people must endure the full measure of their choices, emphasizing the seriousness of turning away from God.

So I pastured the flock
The Hebrew word for "pastured" is "רָעָה" (ra'ah), which means to tend, graze, or shepherd. This imagery of shepherding is deeply rooted in the biblical tradition, symbolizing leadership and care. In the context of Zechariah, it reflects God's role as the ultimate Shepherd of Israel, guiding and nurturing His people. Historically, shepherding was a common occupation in ancient Israel, and it served as a powerful metaphor for divine guidance and protection.

marked for slaughter
The phrase "marked for slaughter" indicates a grim fate awaiting the flock. The Hebrew word "הַהֲרֵגָה" (haharegah) suggests a predetermined destiny of destruction. This reflects the dire situation of Israel at the time, facing judgment due to their disobedience and rejection of God's covenant. It serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of straying from God's path.

particularly the oppressed of the flock
The term "oppressed" comes from the Hebrew "עֲנִיֵּי" (aniyyey), meaning poor or afflicted. This highlights God's concern for the marginalized and downtrodden within His people. Throughout Scripture, God consistently shows a special care for the oppressed, calling His followers to do the same. This phrase underscores the compassionate aspect of God's character, even amidst judgment.

Then I took two staffs
The act of taking "two staffs" is symbolic. In ancient Near Eastern culture, a shepherd's staff was a tool of authority and guidance. The two staffs here represent different aspects of God's relationship with His people. This duality suggests a comprehensive approach to leadership, encompassing both grace and unity.

calling one Favor
The staff named "Favor" (Hebrew "נֹעַם" - no'am) signifies grace, beauty, and pleasantness. It represents God's benevolence and the blessings He bestows upon His people. This staff symbolizes the covenantal relationship where God extends His favor to those who follow Him, offering protection and provision.

and the other Union
The second staff, "Union" (Hebrew "חֹבְלִים" - chovlim), signifies bonds or unity. This represents the unity and harmony God desires among His people. Historically, Israel was often divided, both internally and externally. This staff symbolizes God's intention to bring His people together, fostering peace and solidarity.

and I pastured the flock
Reiterating the act of shepherding, this phrase emphasizes the ongoing care and leadership provided by God. It serves as a reminder of His faithfulness and commitment to His people, even when they are marked for judgment. The repetition underscores the persistent nature of God's love and guidance, inviting His people to return to Him and experience His favor and unity.

In one month
The phrase "In one month" suggests a rapid and decisive action. In the Hebrew context, the term for "month" (חֹדֶשׁ, chodesh) can also imply a new beginning or a cycle. This indicates that the events described were not only swift but also significant in the unfolding of God's plan. Historically, this could reflect a period of intense judgment or change, emphasizing the urgency and seriousness of the divine action.

I dismissed
The Hebrew root for "dismissed" (כָּרַת, karath) often means to cut off or to sever. This implies a complete and irrevocable action taken by God. In the context of shepherds, it suggests a removal of leadership or authority. This action reflects God's sovereignty and His right to judge and remove those who fail to fulfill their roles according to His standards.

three shepherds
The identity of the "three shepherds" has been a subject of much debate among scholars. In a historical context, shepherds often symbolize leaders or rulers. The number three could represent completeness or a specific group of leaders who were unfaithful. This phrase underscores the failure of leadership and the consequences of not aligning with God's will. It serves as a warning to those in positions of authority to lead with integrity and faithfulness.

My soul grew impatient
The expression "My soul grew impatient" reveals God's deep dissatisfaction and weariness with the situation. The Hebrew word for "impatient" (קָצַר, qatsar) conveys a sense of being short or vexed. This anthropomorphic language helps us understand the intensity of God's displeasure with the unfaithfulness of the leaders and the people. It highlights God's desire for righteousness and justice.

with the flock
The "flock" symbolizes the people of Israel, often depicted as sheep under the care of shepherds. This imagery is consistent throughout Scripture, where God is the ultimate Shepherd. The impatience with the flock indicates their rebellion and failure to follow God's ways. It serves as a reminder of the responsibility of God's people to remain faithful and obedient to His guidance.

and their souls also detested me
The phrase "and their souls also detested me" reflects a mutual estrangement between God and His people. The Hebrew word for "detested" (בָּחַל, bachal) implies a deep-seated rejection or loathing. This indicates a breakdown in the covenant relationship, where the people have turned away from God. It serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of disobedience and the importance of maintaining a faithful relationship with God.

Then I said
This phrase marks a pivotal moment in the narrative, where the prophet Zechariah, speaking on behalf of God, makes a decisive declaration. The Hebrew root for "said" is "אָמַר" (amar), which often conveys not just speaking but a firm declaration or command. This indicates the seriousness and finality of the message being delivered. In the context of Zechariah, a book filled with visions and symbolic acts, this statement underscores a transition from divine patience to judgment.

I will no longer shepherd you
The role of a shepherd in biblical times was one of guidance, protection, and provision. The Hebrew word for "shepherd" is "רָעָה" (ra'ah), which implies a deep, caring relationship between the shepherd and the flock. By stating "I will no longer shepherd you," God is expressing a withdrawal of His protective and guiding presence due to the persistent rebellion and unfaithfulness of the people. This reflects a sobering moment where divine patience has reached its limit, and the consequences of the people's actions are about to unfold.

Let the dying die
This phrase is a stark acknowledgment of the inevitable consequences of sin and rebellion. The Hebrew word for "dying" is "מֵת" (met), which signifies not just physical death but a spiritual and moral decay. The repetition of the word "let" indicates a relinquishing of divine intervention, allowing the natural course of judgment to proceed. It serves as a reminder of the seriousness of turning away from God and the life that He offers.

and the perishing perish
Similar to the previous phrase, this highlights the outcome of persistent disobedience. The Hebrew root for "perishing" is "אָבַד" (avad), which conveys a sense of being lost or destroyed. This is not merely a physical destruction but a spiritual one, where the absence of God's shepherding leads to ruin. It is a call to recognize the gravity of spiritual neglect and the importance of remaining under God's care.

let the rest devour one another’s flesh
This phrase paints a vivid picture of societal breakdown and chaos. The imagery of devouring one another's flesh is both literal and metaphorical, suggesting a community turning against itself in the absence of divine order and guidance. Historically, this can be seen as a reflection of the internal strife and division that plagued Israel during times of disobedience. Theologically, it serves as a warning of the destructive nature of sin, which not only separates individuals from God but also from each other, leading to a breakdown of community and relationships.

Then I took my staff
The imagery of a staff in biblical times often symbolizes authority, guidance, and support. Shepherds used staffs to lead and protect their flocks, and here, the prophet Zechariah, acting as a symbolic shepherd, takes his staff. The Hebrew word for "staff" is "מַטֶּה" (matteh), which can also mean tribe or branch, indicating a tool of leadership and governance. This act signifies a deliberate and authoritative action by God through His prophet.

called Favor
The staff is named "Favor," or "Noam" in Hebrew, which means grace, beauty, or pleasantness. This name reflects God's benevolent relationship with His people, Israel. The staff's name indicates the blessings and grace that God had extended to His people, a covenant of favor and protection. The naming of the staff underscores the personal and relational aspect of God's covenant with Israel.

and cut it in pieces
The act of cutting the staff into pieces is a dramatic and symbolic gesture. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, breaking a staff could symbolize the end of authority or the termination of a relationship. This action represents the breaking of the covenant, a serious and grievous act. It signifies the withdrawal of God's favor and protection due to the people's persistent disobedience and rejection of His guidance.

revoking the covenant
The term "revoking" suggests a formal annulment or cancellation. The Hebrew word used here is "הָפַר" (haphar), which means to break or nullify. This indicates a decisive action by God to terminate the agreement He had with His people. The covenant, a sacred and binding agreement, was central to Israel's identity and relationship with God. Its revocation is a profound judgment and a call to repentance.

I had made with all the nations
This phrase expands the scope of the covenant beyond Israel to include "all the nations." The Hebrew word for nations is "גּוֹיִם" (goyim), often referring to Gentiles or non-Israelite peoples. This suggests that God's covenant had implications not only for Israel but for the entire world. The breaking of this covenant indicates a shift in God's dealings with humanity, foreshadowing the coming of a new covenant through Christ, which would extend grace to all nations.

It was revoked on that day
The phrase "It was revoked" refers to the breaking of the covenant, symbolized by the breaking of the staff called "Favor" earlier in the chapter. The Hebrew root for "revoked" is "parar," which means to break, frustrate, or annul. This action signifies a divine judgment and a cessation of God's protective favor over Israel due to their persistent disobedience. The specificity of "on that day" underscores the immediacy and certainty of God's actions in response to Israel's rejection of His shepherding. Historically, this can be seen as a foreshadowing of the events leading to the destruction of Jerusalem and the dispersion of the Jewish people.

and so the afflicted of the flock
The "afflicted of the flock" refers to the humble and faithful remnant within Israel who are suffering under the leadership of corrupt shepherds. The Hebrew word for "afflicted" is "ani," which conveys a sense of being poor, humble, or oppressed. This group is often highlighted in Scripture as those who remain faithful to God despite adverse circumstances. They are the ones who are sensitive to God's movements and recognize His voice, contrasting with the unfaithful leaders and people who are blind to God's actions.

who were watching me
The phrase "who were watching me" indicates a group that is attentive and discerning, observing the actions and words of the prophet Zechariah, who acts as a representative of God. The Hebrew root "shamar" means to keep, guard, or observe, suggesting a vigilant and expectant attitude. This remnant is spiritually alert, understanding the significance of the prophetic actions and messages. Their watchfulness is a model for believers to remain spiritually vigilant and discerning of God's work in the world.

knew it was the word of the LORD
The "word of the LORD" is a powerful phrase indicating divine revelation and authority. The Hebrew term "dabar" for "word" implies not just spoken words but also actions and events that convey God's will and purpose. The afflicted remnant's recognition that it was the "word of the LORD" signifies their spiritual insight and faith. They understand that the breaking of the covenant is not merely a human action but a divine pronouncement. This acknowledgment reflects a deep trust in God's sovereignty and a commitment to His truth, even when it involves judgment and hardship.

I told them
This phrase indicates a direct communication from the prophet Zechariah, who is speaking on behalf of God. The Hebrew root for "told" is "אָמַר" (amar), which means to say or declare. This highlights the authoritative nature of the message being delivered. In the context of Zechariah, a post-exilic prophet, this communication underscores the role of prophets as God's mouthpiece, conveying divine intentions and judgments to the people of Israel.

If it seems good to you
Here, Zechariah presents a conditional statement, which is somewhat unusual for prophetic declarations that are typically more absolute. The Hebrew word "טוֹב" (tov) for "good" implies a moral or ethical goodness, suggesting that the decision being offered is not merely a matter of preference but of righteousness. This phrase invites the hearers to reflect on their values and priorities, challenging them to align their actions with what is good in the sight of God.

give me my wages
The request for wages is symbolic, representing the value or worth that the people place on the prophetic ministry. In ancient Near Eastern culture, wages were a sign of respect and acknowledgment of service rendered. The Hebrew word "שָׂכָר" (sachar) for "wages" can also mean reward or recompense, indicating that Zechariah is asking for a tangible recognition of his role as a shepherd to the people, which is a metaphor for his prophetic leadership.

but if not, keep them
This phrase presents an alternative, emphasizing the freedom of choice given to the people. The Hebrew "חָדַל" (chadal) for "keep" means to refrain or cease, suggesting that if the people do not value the prophetic message, they are free to withhold their acknowledgment. This reflects the broader biblical theme of free will, where God allows individuals to choose their path, even if it leads away from His will.

So they weighed out
The act of weighing indicates a careful consideration and measurement, often associated with fairness and justice. In the ancient world, weighing silver or other commodities was a common practice to ensure accurate transactions. The Hebrew "שָׁקַל" (shaqal) for "weighed" implies a deliberate and thoughtful action, highlighting the seriousness of the decision being made by the people in response to Zechariah's request.

thirty pieces of silver as my wages
The specific amount of thirty pieces of silver is significant, as it was the price of a slave according to Exodus 21:32. This amount reflects the low value placed on Zechariah's prophetic ministry by the people. In the New Testament, this phrase gains further significance as it is the price for which Judas Iscariot betrayed Jesus (Matthew 26:15), drawing a parallel between the rejection of Zechariah and the rejection of Christ. The use of silver, a precious metal, contrasts with the meager amount, underscoring the theme of undervaluation and betrayal.

And the LORD said to me
This phrase indicates divine communication, emphasizing the prophetic nature of Zechariah's message. The Hebrew root for "LORD" is "YHWH," the sacred name of God, underscoring His sovereignty and authority. This divine instruction highlights the intimate relationship between God and His prophets, where God directly guides and reveals His will.

Throw it to the potter
The command to "throw it to the potter" is rich in symbolism. The "potter" in ancient Israelite culture was a common artisan, yet here it signifies something deeper. The act of throwing the silver to the potter suggests a rejection or disdain for the value placed on the divine. Historically, pottery shards were often found in archaeological digs, symbolizing brokenness and worthlessness, which aligns with the prophetic message of betrayal and undervaluation.

this magnificent price
The phrase "this magnificent price" is deeply ironic. The Hebrew word for "magnificent" can also mean "glorious" or "splendid," yet it is used sarcastically here. The "price" refers to the thirty pieces of silver, which was the price of a slave (Exodus 21:32), highlighting the contemptuous valuation of the Messiah. This irony serves to underscore the gravity of the betrayal and the blindness of those who failed to recognize the true worth of the Lord.

at which they valued Me
This phrase reveals the personal nature of the offense against God. The valuation is not just of a prophet or a leader, but of God Himself. The Hebrew root for "valued" implies an estimation or appraisal, which in this context is grossly inadequate. This reflects the spiritual blindness and moral failure of those who rejected the Messiah, fulfilling the prophetic foreshadowing of Christ's betrayal.

So I took the thirty pieces of silver
The "thirty pieces of silver" is a direct reference to the price Judas Iscariot received for betraying Jesus (Matthew 26:15). In the historical and scriptural context, this amount was a paltry sum, further emphasizing the insult to the divine. The act of taking the silver signifies acceptance of the reality of betrayal, a poignant moment that prefigures the New Testament fulfillment.

and threw them into the house of the LORD
Throwing the silver into the "house of the LORD" signifies returning the blood money to the sacred space, highlighting the desecration of what is holy. The temple, as the house of God, represents purity and worship, yet here it becomes a place where the betrayal is acknowledged. This act symbolizes the rejection of the corrupt valuation and the ultimate sovereignty of God over human actions.

to the potter
The repetition of "to the potter" ties the narrative back to the earlier command, reinforcing the theme of worthlessness and judgment. In the New Testament, this is fulfilled when the chief priests use the returned silver to buy the potter's field (Matthew 27:7), a place for burying strangers, symbolizing the ultimate rejection and the consequences of valuing the divine so cheaply. This prophetic act serves as a powerful reminder of the cost of betrayal and the redemptive plan of God through Christ.

Then I cut in pieces
The phrase "cut in pieces" signifies a deliberate and decisive action. In the Hebrew context, the verb used here is "גָּדַע" (gada), which means to cut down or hew. This action symbolizes a complete and irreversible severance. Historically, this act represents a prophetic gesture by Zechariah, illustrating God's judgment and the breaking of a covenant or relationship. It is a vivid depiction of the seriousness of Israel's disobedience and the resulting consequences.

my second staff
The "second staff" refers to a symbolic tool used by shepherds, representing guidance and protection. In the context of Zechariah, the staff is a metaphor for God's leadership and care over His people. The use of a "second" staff indicates that there was a first, suggesting a sequence of actions or judgments. This staff, named "Union," highlights the intended unity and harmony among God's people, which is now being dismantled.

called Union
The name "Union" (in Hebrew, "חֹבְלִים" or "hoblim") signifies the bond or connection between the tribes of Israel. This term underscores the ideal of unity that God desired for His people. The breaking of this staff symbolizes the fracturing of this unity, a poignant reminder of the division that sin and disobedience bring. Historically, this foreshadows the eventual split of the united kingdom into the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah.

breaking the brotherhood
"Breaking the brotherhood" conveys the dissolution of familial and national ties. The Hebrew word for "brotherhood" is "אָחִים" (achim), which denotes kinship and close relationships. This phrase highlights the tragic outcome of internal strife and rebellion against God. It serves as a warning of the spiritual and social consequences of turning away from divine guidance.

between Judah and Israel
The division "between Judah and Israel" refers to the historical split between the two kingdoms after the reign of Solomon. Judah, representing the southern kingdom, and Israel, the northern kingdom, often found themselves at odds, both politically and spiritually. This division is emblematic of the broader disunity among God's people, a theme that resonates throughout the prophetic literature. It serves as a call to repentance and a return to the covenantal relationship with God, emphasizing the need for unity under His sovereign rule.

Again the LORD said to me
This phrase indicates a continuation of divine communication, emphasizing the ongoing relationship between God and the prophet Zechariah. The Hebrew root for "LORD" is "YHWH," the sacred name of God, underscoring His sovereignty and authority. Historically, prophets were seen as direct messengers of God, and this phrase reaffirms Zechariah's role as a conduit for divine revelation. The repetition of God's communication suggests persistence in His message, highlighting the importance of what follows.

Take up once more
The command to "take up once more" suggests a return to a previous action or role. In the context of Zechariah, this implies a symbolic act that the prophet is to perform, representing a deeper spiritual truth. The Hebrew verb here can also mean "to assume" or "to carry," indicating a burden or responsibility. This phrase invites reflection on the cyclical nature of God's dealings with His people, where lessons and roles may be revisited to impart wisdom or warning.

the equipment of a foolish shepherd
The "equipment" refers to the tools or instruments associated with shepherding, symbolizing leadership and guidance. In ancient Israel, shepherds were common metaphors for leaders, both secular and spiritual. The term "foolish" in Hebrew can imply not just a lack of wisdom, but moral deficiency or irresponsibility. This phrase is a stark contrast to the ideal shepherd, who is wise and caring. Historically, this could be seen as a critique of the leaders of Israel who failed in their duties, leading the people astray. The "foolish shepherd" serves as a warning against neglectful or self-serving leadership, urging readers to seek wisdom and integrity in those who guide them.

For behold
The phrase "For behold" serves as a divine announcement, drawing attention to the significance of what follows. In Hebrew, the word "behold" is often used to emphasize the importance and certainty of God's actions. It is a call to the reader to pay close attention, as God is about to reveal something of great consequence. This introduction sets the stage for a prophetic declaration, underscoring the seriousness of the message.

I will raise up
The phrase "I will raise up" indicates God's sovereign action in appointing or allowing a leader to emerge. In the Hebrew context, this can imply both a divine appointment and a permissive will, where God allows certain events to unfold for a greater purpose. Historically, God has raised up leaders, both good and bad, to fulfill His divine plans, as seen throughout the narratives of the Old Testament.

a shepherd
In biblical terms, a "shepherd" is often a metaphor for a leader or ruler, responsible for the care and guidance of the people. The imagery of a shepherd is deeply rooted in the pastoral culture of ancient Israel, where shepherds were seen as protectors and providers. However, this particular shepherd is described negatively, contrasting with the ideal shepherd who cares for the flock.

in the land
The phrase "in the land" refers to the geographical and spiritual context of Israel. The land is not just a physical territory but also a place of covenantal significance, where God's people are meant to live under His rule and blessing. The mention of "the land" highlights the national implications of the prophecy, affecting the entire community of Israel.

who will not care for the lost
This phrase describes the negligence of the shepherd, who fails to fulfill his primary duty of seeking and caring for the lost sheep. In Hebrew, the word for "lost" can also mean "perishing" or "wandering," indicating those who are spiritually or physically in danger. The failure to care for the lost reflects a deep moral and spiritual failing, contrasting sharply with the Good Shepherd, Jesus Christ, who seeks and saves the lost.

or seek the young
The phrase "or seek the young" further emphasizes the shepherd's neglect. The "young" are often the most vulnerable members of the flock, requiring special attention and care. In a spiritual sense, this neglect represents a failure to nurture and disciple new believers or those who are immature in their faith. The shepherd's indifference to the young highlights a lack of compassion and responsibility.

or heal the broken
The phrase "or heal the broken" points to the shepherd's disregard for those who are wounded or in need of restoration. In the Hebrew context, "broken" can refer to those who are physically injured or spiritually crushed. Healing the broken is a key aspect of a shepherd's role, symbolizing the restoration and reconciliation that God desires for His people.

or feed the healthy
This phrase indicates the shepherd's failure to provide sustenance and care even for those who are healthy. In a spiritual sense, feeding the healthy involves teaching, guiding, and nurturing those who are strong in faith. The neglect of this duty suggests a complete abdication of responsibility, leaving the flock vulnerable and malnourished.

but will eat the meat of the fat sheep
The phrase "but will eat the meat of the fat sheep" reveals the selfish and exploitative nature of the shepherd. Instead of caring for the flock, he consumes the best for himself, prioritizing his own gain over the well-being of the sheep. This imagery is a stark indictment of corrupt leadership, where those in power exploit their position for personal benefit.

and tear off their hooves
The phrase "and tear off their hooves" conveys a sense of violence and destruction. The hooves are essential for the sheep's mobility and survival, and tearing them off symbolizes a complete disregard for the flock's welfare. This brutal imagery underscores the destructive consequences of ungodly leadership, leaving the people crippled and unable to thrive.

Woe to the worthless shepherd
The term "woe" is a strong expression of judgment and lamentation, often used by prophets to pronounce divine displeasure. In Hebrew, "woe" is "הוֹי" (hoy), a cry of impending doom. The "worthless shepherd" refers to leaders who fail in their duty to care for and protect their people. Historically, this can be seen as a critique of Israel's leaders who neglected their responsibilities. The shepherd metaphor is deeply rooted in the Old Testament, symbolizing guidance and care, as seen in Psalm 23. Here, the "worthless shepherd" is the antithesis of the Good Shepherd, Jesus Christ, who lays down His life for the sheep (John 10:11).

who deserts the flock
The phrase "deserts the flock" indicates abandonment and neglect. In Hebrew culture, a shepherd's primary role was to protect and lead the sheep. To desert them is to leave them vulnerable to danger. This imagery is powerful, as it underscores the betrayal and failure of leaders who prioritize their interests over the welfare of those they lead. Scripturally, this is a grave sin, as leaders are entrusted by God to shepherd His people faithfully.

May a sword strike his arm and his right eye
The "sword" symbolizes divine judgment and retribution. In biblical times, the arm represented strength and power, while the right eye symbolized insight and vision. The striking of the arm and eye signifies the removal of the shepherd's ability to lead and protect. This is a vivid portrayal of God's judgment on those who fail in their divine mandate. The imagery of the sword is consistent with other prophetic writings where God uses it as an instrument of justice (Ezekiel 21:9-10).

May his arm be completely withered
The withering of the arm suggests a complete loss of strength and capability. In the Hebrew context, physical ailments were often seen as manifestations of spiritual failings or divine punishment. This curse reflects the totality of God's judgment, leaving the shepherd powerless and ineffective. It serves as a warning to leaders about the consequences of neglecting their God-given responsibilities.

and his right eye utterly blinded
Blinding the right eye signifies a loss of vision and discernment. In ancient Near Eastern culture, the right side was often associated with favor and strength. To be blinded in the right eye is to be deprived of the ability to see clearly and make wise decisions. This judgment underscores the importance of spiritual insight and the dire consequences of its absence. It is a call for leaders to seek divine wisdom and guidance in their roles.