One day
This phrase sets the scene for a pivotal moment in the narrative. In the Hebrew text, the phrase suggests a specific, divinely appointed time. It indicates a transition, a moment when God’s providence is about to unfold in a significant way. The timing is crucial, as it reflects the unfolding of God’s plan in the lives of Naomi and Ruth.

Ruth’s mother-in-law Naomi
Naomi, whose name means "pleasant" in Hebrew, is a central figure in the Book of Ruth. Her relationship with Ruth is one of deep loyalty and love. As Ruth’s mother-in-law, Naomi assumes a role of guidance and care, reflecting the familial bonds and responsibilities that were highly valued in ancient Israelite culture. Naomi’s wisdom and experience are instrumental in the unfolding of the events that follow.

said to her
This phrase indicates a moment of intimate communication. In the Hebrew context, speech acts are significant, often carrying weight and authority. Naomi’s words are not just casual conversation; they are a deliberate and thoughtful expression of her concern and love for Ruth. This reflects the importance of spoken words in conveying intentions and plans in biblical narratives.

My daughter
Naomi’s use of "my daughter" is a term of endearment and affection. It signifies the close, familial bond between Naomi and Ruth, transcending the typical mother-in-law and daughter-in-law relationship. This phrase underscores the theme of loyalty and love that permeates the book. It also highlights the covenantal relationship that Ruth has embraced by choosing to stay with Naomi.

should I not seek
The phrase "should I not seek" reflects Naomi’s proactive role in ensuring Ruth’s future. The Hebrew root for "seek" (בקש, baqash) implies a diligent and earnest search. Naomi’s question is rhetorical, emphasizing her determination and responsibility to find security and rest for Ruth. It reflects the cultural expectation for family members to care for one another’s well-being.

a resting place for you
The term "resting place" (מנוח, menuchah) in Hebrew conveys a sense of security, peace, and stability. In the context of ancient Israel, this would often refer to marriage, which provided social and economic security for women. Naomi’s desire is for Ruth to find a home where she can be protected and provided for, reflecting the broader biblical theme of God’s provision and rest for His people.

that it may be well with you
This phrase expresses Naomi’s hope for Ruth’s future prosperity and happiness. The Hebrew concept of "well-being" (טוב, tov) encompasses not just physical well-being but also spiritual and emotional health. Naomi’s concern is holistic, desiring that Ruth experiences the fullness of life’s blessings. This reflects the biblical principle that God desires His people to flourish in all aspects of life.

Now is not Boaz
The name "Boaz" in Hebrew means "strength" or "swift." Boaz is a significant figure in the Book of Ruth, representing a kinsman-redeemer, a concept deeply rooted in the Hebrew tradition. The kinsman-redeemer (Hebrew: "goel") was responsible for protecting the interests of needy family members. This introduction to Boaz in the context of Ruth's account highlights his role as a potential redeemer, foreshadowing the redemptive work of Christ, who is our ultimate Redeemer.

with whose servant girls you have been working
This phrase emphasizes Ruth's diligence and humility. Ruth, a Moabite widow, has been working alongside Boaz's servant girls, gleaning in the fields to provide for herself and Naomi. The Hebrew culture placed great importance on community and family, and Ruth's willingness to work hard and integrate into the community reflects her virtuous character. Her actions align with the biblical principle of hard work and faithfulness, which God honors.

a relative of ours
The mention of Boaz as a relative introduces the concept of family loyalty and duty. In ancient Israel, family ties were crucial, and the law provided for the care of widows and the continuation of a family line through the kinsman-redeemer. This connection between Ruth and Boaz through family lines sets the stage for the unfolding of God's providential plan, demonstrating how God uses familial relationships to fulfill His purposes.

In fact, he is winnowing barley tonight
The act of winnowing barley was a common agricultural practice in ancient Israel, involving the separation of grain from chaff. This process took place at the threshing floor, a significant location in biblical narratives, often symbolizing a place of decision and revelation. The timing of this event is providential, as it provides Ruth with the opportunity to approach Boaz in a culturally appropriate manner, seeking his protection and provision.

at the threshing floor
The threshing floor is a place of transformation and blessing. In biblical times, it was not only a site for agricultural activity but also a place where significant events occurred, such as divine encounters and covenantal agreements. The threshing floor in Ruth's account becomes a setting for God's unfolding plan of redemption, mirroring how God often uses ordinary places and circumstances to bring about His extraordinary purposes. This setting invites readers to consider how God might be working in the seemingly mundane aspects of their own lives.

Wash
The act of washing in ancient Hebrew culture often symbolized purification and preparation for a significant event. In the context of Ruth 3:3, Naomi instructs Ruth to wash herself, which signifies a transition from mourning to a state of readiness for a new chapter in her life. This act of washing can be seen as a metaphor for spiritual cleansing, aligning oneself with God's will, and preparing for His blessings. The Hebrew root word "rachats" implies a thorough cleansing, indicating the importance of being spiritually and physically prepared for what God has in store.

and anoint yourself
Anointing with oil was a common practice in biblical times, symbolizing joy, health, and the presence of the Holy Spirit. The Hebrew word "suk" refers to the act of applying oil, which was often used to signify consecration or setting apart for a divine purpose. In Ruth's case, anointing herself was a way to present herself favorably to Boaz, but it also reflects a deeper spiritual readiness to embrace God's plan. This act can inspire believers to seek the anointing of the Holy Spirit in their own lives, preparing their hearts for God's work.

put on your best clothes
The instruction to put on her best clothes indicates a shift from mourning attire to garments of hope and new beginnings. In biblical times, clothing often represented one's status or emotional state. By changing her clothes, Ruth was symbolically stepping into a new role and identity. This phrase encourages believers to "put on" the virtues of Christ, as described in Colossians 3:12, embracing a new identity in Him and being ready to fulfill His purposes.

and go down to the threshing floor
The threshing floor was a place of separation and revelation, where grain was separated from chaff. It holds significant spiritual symbolism, representing a place where God reveals His plans and purposes. Ruth's journey to the threshing floor signifies her willingness to step into God's plan, trusting Him for provision and protection. For believers, this phrase can inspire a willingness to go where God leads, even when the path is uncertain, trusting that He will reveal His purposes in due time.

But do not let him know you are there
This instruction highlights the importance of humility and patience in God's timing. Ruth was to approach Boaz discreetly, allowing him to take the lead in the unfolding of God's plan. This teaches believers the value of waiting on the Lord and not rushing ahead of His timing. It encourages a posture of humility, trusting that God will work all things together for good in His perfect time.

until he has finished eating and drinking
This phrase underscores the importance of timing and discernment in approaching significant matters. Naomi's advice to wait until Boaz had finished eating and drinking reflects a sensitivity to the right moment for action. For believers, this can serve as a reminder to seek God's wisdom and discernment in all things, ensuring that actions are taken in His timing and not our own. It encourages a reliance on the Holy Spirit to guide decisions and interactions.

Then go
The phrase "Then go" indicates a directive, a call to action. In the Hebrew context, this is a moment of obedience and trust. Ruth is being instructed by Naomi, her mother-in-law, to take a bold step. This action is not just physical but also spiritual, as it signifies Ruth's willingness to follow Naomi's guidance and trust in God's providence. The Hebrew word for "go" often implies movement with purpose, suggesting Ruth's journey is both literal and metaphorical, moving towards her destiny.

and uncover his feet
The act of uncovering Boaz's feet is rich in cultural and symbolic meaning. In ancient Near Eastern customs, this gesture was a non-verbal request for protection and provision. The Hebrew word for "uncover" can also mean to reveal or make known. By uncovering Boaz's feet, Ruth is symbolically asking him to take her under his wing, to act as her kinsman-redeemer. This act of vulnerability and humility is a profound expression of faith and hope in God's plan.

and lie down
"Lie down" suggests a posture of rest and submission. In the Hebrew tradition, lying down at someone's feet was a sign of humility and servitude. Ruth's action here is not one of seduction but of supplication. She is placing herself at Boaz's mercy, trusting in his righteousness and integrity. This phrase also echoes the biblical theme of rest found in God's promises, where true rest is found in submission to His will.

and he will explain to you
The phrase "he will explain to you" indicates that Boaz will provide guidance and clarity. In the Hebrew context, this reflects the role of a wise and just leader who offers counsel and direction. Boaz, as a type of Christ, foreshadows the ultimate guidance and revelation that Jesus provides to His followers. This assurance of explanation underscores the importance of seeking wisdom and understanding from those who are righteous and God-fearing.

what you should do
This final phrase emphasizes obedience and action based on divine guidance. In the Hebrew tradition, knowing "what you should do" is often linked to following God's commandments and living according to His will. Ruth's willingness to act upon Boaz's instructions reflects her faith and commitment to God's plan for her life. This phrase serves as a reminder that true wisdom is not just in knowing but in doing, aligning one's actions with God's purposes.

I will do everything you say
This phrase is a pivotal moment in the narrative of Ruth, reflecting her obedience and trust. The Hebrew root for "do" is עָשָׂה (asah), which means to accomplish or to make. This word is often used in the context of fulfilling commands or carrying out tasks, indicating Ruth's commitment to follow Naomi's guidance fully. Her willingness to "do everything" underscores her loyalty and dedication, not only to Naomi but also to the customs and traditions of her new community. This act of obedience is a testament to her character and faith, which are central themes in the Book of Ruth.

you say
The phrase "you say" highlights the relationship between Ruth and Naomi. The Hebrew word for "say" is אָמַר (amar), which means to speak or declare. This indicates that Naomi's words carry authority and wisdom in Ruth's eyes. In the cultural and historical context of the time, the advice of an elder or a family member was highly respected and often followed without question. Ruth's response shows her respect for Naomi's experience and her trust in Naomi's understanding of the situation. This trust is foundational to the unfolding of God's providential plan in the narrative, as Ruth's actions lead to her eventual marriage to Boaz and her inclusion in the lineage of David and ultimately Jesus Christ.

So she went down
The phrase "went down" indicates a deliberate action taken by Ruth. In the Hebrew context, the verb "yarad" often implies a descent, both physically and metaphorically. This descent to the threshing floor is not just a physical movement but a step of faith and obedience. Ruth's journey downwards symbolizes humility and submission, essential virtues in the biblical narrative. Her willingness to follow Naomi's guidance reflects her trust and loyalty, qualities that are highly esteemed in the Scriptures.

to the threshing floor
The threshing floor was a significant location in ancient Israelite culture, serving as a place where grain was separated from chaff. It was often situated on elevated ground to take advantage of the wind. Spiritually, the threshing floor represents a place of separation and revelation. In Ruth's story, it becomes a setting for divine providence and redemption. The threshing floor is where Ruth's loyalty and Boaz's integrity intersect, leading to the unfolding of God's plan for their lives and the lineage of David.

and did everything
This phrase underscores Ruth's complete obedience to Naomi's instructions. The Hebrew word "asah" conveys the idea of doing or making, emphasizing action and fulfillment. Ruth's actions are not half-hearted; she fully commits to the plan laid out by Naomi. This total obedience is a testament to her character and faith, serving as an example of how believers are called to follow God's guidance with wholehearted devotion.

her mother-in-law had instructed her
Naomi's role as a mother-in-law is pivotal in this narrative. The Hebrew term "tsavah" for "instructed" implies a command or charge, highlighting Naomi's wisdom and authority in guiding Ruth. Naomi's instructions are rooted in her understanding of the cultural and legal customs of the time, particularly the concept of the kinsman-redeemer. This relationship between Ruth and Naomi exemplifies the biblical principle of mentorship and the importance of godly counsel. Naomi's guidance leads Ruth into a path of blessing and fulfillment, illustrating the value of intergenerational relationships within the faith community.

When Boaz had finished eating and drinking
This phrase indicates a time of satisfaction and contentment. In the ancient Near Eastern culture, meals were significant social events, often marking the end of a workday. The Hebrew word for "eating" (אָכַל, 'akal) and "drinking" (שָׁתָה, shatah) suggest a completion of a necessary and fulfilling activity. Boaz's good spirits reflect a state of peace and readiness, setting the stage for the significant encounter with Ruth.

and was in good spirits
The phrase "in good spirits" suggests a state of joy and contentment. In Hebrew, the word for "good" (טוֹב, tov) often implies moral goodness, prosperity, and happiness. This state of mind is crucial as it prepares Boaz to respond favorably to Ruth's actions. It reflects the providential timing of God, where circumstances align perfectly for His purposes.

he went over to lie down
Boaz's action of lying down signifies rest after labor. The Hebrew verb "lie down" (שָׁכַב, shakab) can also imply a place of security and trust. In the context of the threshing floor, it was common for landowners to sleep near their grain to protect it. This setting provides a private yet significant backdrop for Ruth's approach.

at the far end of the grain pile
The "far end" indicates a specific location, suggesting privacy and intentionality. The grain pile represents the harvest's abundance, a symbol of God's provision. In the context of the narrative, it underscores the theme of God's providence and blessing, as Ruth approaches Boaz in a place associated with sustenance and future hope.

Then Ruth approached quietly
Ruth's approach is marked by discretion and humility. The Hebrew root for "approached" (בּוֹא, bo) implies coming with purpose. Her quietness reflects respect and sensitivity to the situation. This action is a bold yet humble step of faith, demonstrating her trust in Naomi's guidance and God's provision.

uncovered his feet
The act of uncovering Boaz's feet is rich in cultural symbolism. In Hebrew, the word for "uncover" (גָּלָה, galah) can mean to reveal or disclose. This gesture is a non-verbal request for protection and redemption, aligning with the cultural practice of a kinsman-redeemer. It signifies Ruth's vulnerability and her appeal for Boaz's covering, both literally and figuratively.

and lay down
Ruth's action of lying down signifies submission and trust. The Hebrew verb "lay down" (שָׁכַב, shakab) here indicates a posture of humility and expectation. This act is not one of seduction but of seeking refuge and security under Boaz's protection, symbolizing her faith in God's provision through Boaz as a redeemer.

At midnight
The phrase "at midnight" signifies a time of deep darkness and quiet, often associated with pivotal moments in biblical narratives. In Hebrew culture, midnight was a time when people were most vulnerable, and significant events often occurred. This timing underscores the gravity and suspense of the moment, as well as the divine orchestration at play. It is a reminder that God often works in the unseen hours, bringing about His purposes in unexpected ways.

Boaz
Boaz, whose name means "strength" or "in him is strength," is a central figure in this narrative. As a kinsman-redeemer, he embodies the qualities of integrity, kindness, and responsibility. His role in the account is not just as a potential husband for Ruth but as a Christ-like figure who redeems and restores. Boaz's actions throughout the book of Ruth highlight the importance of godly character and the impact of righteous leadership.

was startled
The Hebrew root for "startled" can imply a sudden awakening or a sense of surprise. This reaction is natural given the unexpected presence of Ruth at his feet. It also suggests a moment of vulnerability for Boaz, who, despite his strength and status, is caught off guard. This moment of surprise sets the stage for a significant turning point in the narrative, where God's providence begins to unfold in a new way.

turned over
The act of turning over indicates a physical movement that reflects Boaz's initial response to being startled. It suggests a transition from sleep to awareness, from ignorance to understanding. This movement can be seen as symbolic of the shift in Boaz's life as he becomes aware of Ruth's presence and the implications of her actions. It is a moment of awakening to God's plan and the responsibilities that come with it.

and there lying at his feet
The position of Ruth at Boaz's feet is significant both culturally and symbolically. In ancient Near Eastern customs, lying at someone's feet was a gesture of humility and submission. It was a way for Ruth to express her request for protection and redemption. This act of humility is a powerful reminder of the posture we are to take before God—seeking His mercy and grace with a humble heart.

was a woman
The presence of "a woman" at Boaz's feet is both unexpected and significant. In the patriarchal society of ancient Israel, women often had limited rights and were dependent on male relatives for protection. Ruth's boldness in approaching Boaz highlights her faith and determination. It also underscores the theme of God's inclusive love and His willingness to use those whom society might overlook to accomplish His purposes.

Who are you?
This question posed by Boaz is both literal and symbolic. In the darkness of the threshing floor, Boaz seeks to identify the person at his feet. Symbolically, it represents a deeper inquiry into identity and purpose. In Hebrew, the question "Mi at?" (מִי־אָתְּ) reflects a moment of recognition and potential transformation. Boaz's inquiry sets the stage for Ruth's declaration of identity and intention, highlighting the importance of knowing and understanding one's role in God's plan.

I am your servant Ruth
Ruth's response is humble and respectful. The term "servant" (Hebrew: אֲמָתֶךָ, "amatkha") indicates her willingness to submit and serve, a reflection of her character throughout the narrative. By identifying herself as "Ruth," she asserts her identity and her Moabite heritage, yet she aligns herself with Boaz's household. This duality underscores the theme of inclusion and redemption, as Ruth, a foreigner, is embraced within the covenant community of Israel.

Spread the corner of your garment over me
This phrase is rich with cultural and covenantal significance. The Hebrew word for "corner" is "kanaf" (כָּנָף), which also means "wing." This imagery evokes protection and provision, akin to a bird sheltering its young. In the context of ancient Near Eastern customs, spreading one's garment over another symbolized a pledge of marriage or protection. Ruth's request is a bold yet humble appeal for Boaz to act as her protector and provider, invoking the imagery of God's protective "wings" over His people (cf. Psalm 91:4).

for you are a kinsman-redeemer
The term "kinsman-redeemer" (Hebrew: גֹּאֵל, "go'el") is central to the narrative. It refers to a close relative who has the responsibility to redeem a family member in distress, whether through marriage, land redemption, or avenging blood. This role is rooted in the Levitical laws (Leviticus 25:25-55) and underscores God's provision for the vulnerable. Ruth's appeal to Boaz as a "go'el" highlights the themes of redemption and restoration, pointing to the ultimate redemption found in Christ, our Kinsman-Redeemer, who restores us to God.

Then he said
This phrase introduces Boaz's response to Ruth's actions. In the context of ancient Israel, communication between a man and a woman in such a setting was significant. Boaz's willingness to speak directly to Ruth highlights his respect and acknowledgment of her presence and actions. It sets the tone for a conversation that is both respectful and filled with kindness.

May the LORD bless you
The invocation of the LORD's blessing is a profound expression of Boaz's faith and recognition of God's sovereignty. The Hebrew word for "LORD" here is "Yahweh," the covenant name of God, indicating a personal and relational aspect of God's character. Boaz's blessing is not just a polite wish but a sincere prayer for divine favor upon Ruth.

my daughter
This term of endearment reflects Boaz's protective and caring attitude towards Ruth. It suggests a familial bond, emphasizing the community and kinship values prevalent in Israelite society. By calling her "my daughter," Boaz acknowledges Ruth's vulnerability and his role as a potential guardian or redeemer.

You have shown more kindness now than before
The Hebrew word for "kindness" is "chesed," which denotes loyal love, faithfulness, and mercy. Ruth's actions are seen as an extension of her earlier loyalty to Naomi. Boaz recognizes that Ruth's decision to seek him out as a kinsman-redeemer is an act of great loyalty and love, surpassing her previous acts of devotion.

because you have not run after the younger men
This phrase highlights Ruth's integrity and the counter-cultural nature of her actions. In a society where marrying for personal gain or attraction was common, Ruth's choice to seek Boaz, an older man, for the sake of family loyalty and covenant faithfulness, is commendable. It underscores her commitment to Naomi and the family lineage.

whether rich or poor
Boaz acknowledges that Ruth's decision was not influenced by material wealth or social status. This statement reflects the biblical principle that true worth is not measured by earthly possessions but by character and faithfulness. Ruth's actions are a testament to her virtuous character, prioritizing family and faith over worldly gain.

And now, my daughter
This phrase signifies a transition and a personal address. "And now" indicates a pivotal moment in the narrative, where Boaz is about to make a significant promise. The term "my daughter" is a term of endearment and respect, reflecting Boaz's protective and caring attitude towards Ruth. In the Hebrew context, this phrase underscores the familial bond and the cultural practice of caring for one's kin, even if they are not directly related by blood.

do not be afraid
This comforting command is a reassurance from Boaz to Ruth. In the Hebrew tradition, fear often accompanies uncertainty and vulnerability, especially for a foreign widow like Ruth. Boaz's words echo God's frequent assurances to His people throughout Scripture, reminding us of His sovereignty and care. This phrase highlights the theme of divine providence and protection that runs throughout the Book of Ruth.

I will do for you whatever you request
Boaz's promise here is one of action and commitment. The Hebrew root for "do" (עשׂה, 'asah) implies not just a passive agreement but an active fulfillment of a promise. This reflects Boaz's integrity and willingness to go beyond mere obligation. His readiness to fulfill Ruth's request is a testament to his character and foreshadows the redemptive work that he will undertake, mirroring the redemptive work of Christ.

since all my fellow townspeople know
This phrase indicates the communal aspect of life in ancient Israel. The Hebrew culture was deeply communal, and one's reputation was a public matter. The phrase suggests that Ruth's character was not just known to Boaz but was recognized and respected by the entire community. This communal acknowledgment is crucial in understanding the social dynamics and the importance of reputation in biblical times.

that you are a woman of noble character
The term "noble character" (חַיִל, chayil) in Hebrew is rich with meaning, often translated as "virtuous," "worthy," or "excellent." It denotes strength, capability, and moral integrity. Ruth's character is a central theme in the narrative, and this acknowledgment by Boaz and the townspeople elevates her status from a foreigner to a respected member of the community. This phrase aligns with the Proverbs 31 description of a virtuous woman, highlighting the timeless value of godly character.

Although it is true
This phrase introduces a statement of fact, acknowledging the reality of the situation. In Hebrew, the word used here is "אָמְנָם" (omnam), which conveys certainty and affirmation. Boaz is affirming his role and responsibility, which is a key theme in the book of Ruth—truth and integrity. This sets the stage for the unfolding of God's providential plan, reminding us that truth is foundational in God's dealings with humanity.

I am a kinsman-redeemer
The term "kinsman-redeemer" is translated from the Hebrew word "גֹּאֵל" (go'el). This role was a significant part of Israelite family law, where a close relative had the duty to redeem a family member in distress, whether by buying back land, marrying a widow, or avenging blood. Boaz's acknowledgment of his position as a kinsman-redeemer highlights the themes of loyalty, family duty, and God's provision through the law. It also foreshadows the ultimate redemption through Christ, our Redeemer.

there is a redeemer nearer than I
Boaz's statement here is crucial, as it shows his adherence to the law and respect for the proper order of redemption. The Hebrew word for "nearer" is "קָרוֹב" (qarov), indicating proximity in relationship. This reflects Boaz's integrity and humility, as he does not presume to bypass the legal rights of another. It also introduces tension in the narrative, as the reader is left to wonder how God's plan for Ruth and Naomi will unfold. This phrase reminds us of the importance of patience and trust in God's timing and order.

Stay here tonight
This phrase reflects Boaz's concern for Ruth's safety and reputation. In the ancient Near Eastern context, a woman traveling alone at night could face danger or social scandal. The Hebrew word for "stay" (לִין, lin) implies lodging or resting, suggesting Boaz's protective nature and his desire to ensure Ruth's well-being.

and in the morning
The mention of "morning" signifies a new beginning or opportunity. In biblical literature, morning often symbolizes hope and the unfolding of God's plans. Boaz's plan to resolve the matter at the start of a new day reflects his integrity and urgency in addressing Ruth's situation.

if he wants to redeem you, good; let him redeem you
The concept of "redeem" (גָּאַל, ga'al) is central to the book of Ruth and the broader biblical narrative. It involves a kinsman-redeemer, a family member who restores or preserves the family line and property. Boaz acknowledges the nearer kinsman-redeemer's right, demonstrating his respect for the law and God's order.

But if he does not want to redeem you
Boaz's conditional statement shows his willingness to act if the nearer kinsman-redeemer declines. This reflects Boaz's readiness to fulfill his duty and his deep commitment to Ruth and Naomi's welfare. It also highlights the theme of divine providence, as God orchestrates events for the good of His people.

as surely as the LORD lives
This oath underscores the seriousness and sincerity of Boaz's promise. Invoking the name of the LORD (יהוה, Yahweh) signifies a solemn vow, binding Boaz to his word. It reflects the covenantal faithfulness that characterizes God's relationship with His people and serves as a model for human interactions.

I will
Boaz's declaration of intent is a powerful testament to his character. His willingness to redeem Ruth, despite the potential cost, mirrors the selfless love and redemption that Christ offers. Boaz's actions foreshadow the ultimate redemption found in Jesus, who redeems humanity from sin and death.

Lie here until morning
This instruction again emphasizes Boaz's concern for Ruth's safety and reputation. By asking her to stay until morning, Boaz ensures that Ruth is not exposed to danger or gossip. It also reflects the cultural norms of the time, where propriety and honor were highly valued. Boaz's actions demonstrate his respect for Ruth and his commitment to doing what is right in the eyes of God and man.

So she lay down at his feet until morning
This phrase highlights Ruth's obedience and humility. The act of lying at Boaz's feet is a gesture of submission and request for protection, echoing the cultural practices of ancient Israel where a servant might lie at the feet of their master. The Hebrew word for "feet" (רַגְלָיו, "raglayv") can also symbolize authority and refuge. Ruth's actions demonstrate her trust in Boaz's integrity and her hope for redemption through him, reflecting the broader biblical theme of seeking refuge under God's wings.

but she got up before anyone else could recognize her
Ruth's early departure underscores her virtue and the importance of maintaining her reputation. In the cultural context of ancient Israel, a woman's honor was closely tied to her public perception. The Hebrew word for "recognize" (נָכַר, "nakar") implies discernment and understanding. Ruth's discreet actions ensure that her intentions remain honorable and that no false assumptions are made about her presence at the threshing floor, preserving both her dignity and Boaz's.

Then he said, 'Do not let it be known that a woman came to the threshing floor.'
Boaz's instruction reveals his protective nature and concern for Ruth's reputation. The threshing floor was a public place, and any hint of impropriety could damage Ruth's standing in the community. The Hebrew word for "known" (יָדַע, "yada") often implies intimate knowledge or awareness. Boaz's directive is a proactive measure to guard against gossip and misunderstanding, reflecting his role as a kinsman-redeemer who seeks to protect and honor Ruth. This action aligns with the biblical principle of safeguarding one's neighbor and acting with integrity.

And he told her
This phrase indicates Boaz's direct communication with Ruth, highlighting the personal and respectful nature of their interaction. In the Hebrew context, the act of speaking directly to someone, especially a woman in ancient times, signifies a level of respect and intention. Boaz's words are not just commands but are filled with care and provision, reflecting his character as a kinsman-redeemer.

Bring the shawl you are wearing
The "shawl" here, translated from the Hebrew word "mitpachat," refers to a large outer garment or cloak. In ancient Israel, such garments were multifunctional, used for warmth, carrying items, or even as a pledge. The request to bring the shawl signifies a preparation for receiving a gift, symbolizing Boaz's generosity and Ruth's readiness to receive his provision.

and hold it out
This action of holding out the shawl is symbolic of openness and receptivity. In a spiritual sense, it can be seen as an act of faith, where Ruth is ready to receive what Boaz is about to give. It reflects a trust in Boaz's promise and provision, mirroring how believers are called to trust in God's provision.

When she did so
Ruth's immediate compliance demonstrates her obedience and trust in Boaz. This phrase underscores her humility and willingness to follow his instructions, which is a recurring theme in her character throughout the book. Her actions are a model of faithfulness and submission to God's unfolding plan.

he shoveled six measures of barley
The "six measures of barley" represent a significant amount of provision. In the Hebrew context, the number six often symbolizes incompleteness, suggesting that while this gift is substantial, it is not the final fulfillment of Boaz's role as a redeemer. The act of shoveling the barley himself shows Boaz's personal involvement and care in providing for Ruth and Naomi.

into her shawl
The act of placing the barley into Ruth's shawl signifies a transfer of blessing and provision. It is a tangible expression of Boaz's commitment to care for Ruth and Naomi. This gesture can be seen as a foreshadowing of the greater redemption that Boaz will bring to Ruth and her family.

Then he went into the city
Boaz's return to the city indicates his intention to fulfill his promise to Ruth. The city, likely Bethlehem, is the place where legal and social transactions occur. This movement signifies Boaz's readiness to take the necessary steps to secure Ruth's future, highlighting his integrity and determination to act as her redeemer.

When Ruth returned to her mother-in-law
This phrase highlights the close relationship between Ruth and Naomi. The Hebrew word for "returned" is "שׁוּב" (shuv), which often implies a turning back or returning to a previous state or place. This reflects Ruth's loyalty and commitment to Naomi, a theme that runs throughout the book. In a historical context, the bond between a daughter-in-law and mother-in-law was significant, especially in a patriarchal society where women relied on familial connections for security and support.

Naomi asked
Naomi's inquiry shows her deep concern and interest in Ruth's well-being. The Hebrew root for "asked" is "שָׁאַל" (sha'al), which can also mean to inquire or seek. This reflects Naomi's active role in Ruth's life, guiding her through the customs and expectations of their culture. Naomi's question is not just about the events of the night but also about Ruth's future and the potential for redemption through Boaz.

How did it go, my daughter?
This question is both practical and affectionate. The phrase "my daughter" is a term of endearment, indicating the familial bond and love Naomi has for Ruth. In the Hebrew culture, such terms were used to express closeness and care. Naomi's question is loaded with anticipation and hope, as she is aware of the implications of Ruth's encounter with Boaz. It reflects the suspense and expectation of God's providence at work.

Then Ruth told her
Ruth's willingness to share her experience with Naomi demonstrates her trust and transparency. The act of telling, from the Hebrew "נָגַד" (nagad), implies making something known or declaring. This communication is crucial in their relationship, as it allows Naomi to understand and guide Ruth further. It also signifies the unfolding of God's plan, as Ruth's report will lead to the next steps in their journey.

all that Boaz had done for her
This phrase encapsulates the kindness and generosity of Boaz. The Hebrew word for "done" is "עָשָׂה" (asah), which means to act or accomplish. Boaz's actions are pivotal in the narrative, as they reflect the hesed (loving-kindness) that is a central theme in the book of Ruth. His deeds are not just acts of kindness but are also part of God's providential care for Ruth and Naomi. Historically, Boaz's role as a kinsman-redeemer is significant, as it points to the redemption and restoration that God provides for His people.

He gave me
This phrase highlights Boaz's generosity and kindness. In the Hebrew context, the act of giving is deeply rooted in the concept of hesed, or loving-kindness, which is a central theme in the Book of Ruth. Boaz's actions reflect God's covenantal love and faithfulness, serving as a model for how believers are to treat one another.

these six measures of barley
The specific mention of "six measures" is significant. In ancient times, barley was a staple grain, symbolizing sustenance and provision. The number six, just shy of seven, which often represents completeness in the Bible, may suggest that Boaz's provision is abundant yet anticipates a future completion or fulfillment, possibly hinting at the forthcoming marriage between Boaz and Ruth.

for he said
This phrase indicates that Boaz's actions were intentional and purposeful. His words carry authority and reveal his character as a man of integrity and foresight. In the cultural context, verbal communication was a powerful tool for conveying intentions and promises, underscoring the importance of Boaz's statement.

‘Do not go back
This directive from Boaz is both practical and symbolic. Practically, it ensures Ruth's safety and well-being as she returns to Naomi. Symbolically, it represents a transition from emptiness to fullness, a recurring theme in Ruth's journey from Moab to Bethlehem.

to your mother-in-law
Naomi, Ruth's mother-in-law, is a pivotal character in the narrative. Her relationship with Ruth is marked by mutual loyalty and love. The mention of Naomi here emphasizes the restoration of her fortunes through Ruth's actions and Boaz's kindness, highlighting the communal aspect of God's redemptive work.

empty-handed
The term "empty-handed" contrasts with Naomi's earlier lament in Ruth 1:21, where she describes returning to Bethlehem empty. This phrase signifies a reversal of fortune, illustrating God's providence and the transformative power of faithfulness and obedience. It serves as a reminder that God fills the empty spaces in our lives with His abundance and grace.

Wait, my daughter
The word "wait" in Hebrew is "שְׁבִי" (shevi), which implies a sense of sitting or dwelling in patience. Naomi's instruction to Ruth to "wait" is not merely about the passage of time but involves a posture of trust and expectation. In the biblical context, waiting often signifies a deep reliance on God's timing and providence. Naomi, addressing Ruth as "my daughter," reflects a deep familial bond and affection, emphasizing the care and guidance she provides. This phrase invites believers to embrace patience and trust in God's unfolding plan, recognizing that His timing is perfect.

until you find out how things go
This phrase suggests a period of uncertainty and anticipation. The Hebrew root for "find out" is "יָדַע" (yada), meaning to know or perceive. It implies an active engagement in understanding the outcome of events. Naomi's counsel to Ruth is to remain observant and discerning, trusting that the resolution will become clear. Historically, this reflects the cultural practices of the time, where outcomes were often awaited with hope and faith. For modern readers, it serves as a reminder to remain vigilant and hopeful, trusting that God will reveal His purposes in due time.

for he will not rest
The phrase "will not rest" indicates Boaz's determination and sense of responsibility. The Hebrew word "שָׁקַט" (shaqat) means to be quiet or at peace. Boaz's commitment to resolving the matter reflects his integrity and dedication to fulfilling his role as a kinsman-redeemer. This phrase highlights the biblical principle of diligence and faithfulness in one's duties. It serves as an encouragement to believers to pursue their responsibilities with the same fervor and commitment, trusting that God honors such dedication.

unless he has resolved the matter today
The word "resolved" comes from the Hebrew "כָּלָה" (kalah), meaning to complete or finish. Boaz's intention to resolve the matter "today" underscores the urgency and importance of the situation. In the cultural context, this reflects the legal and social obligations of a kinsman-redeemer to act swiftly and justly. For contemporary readers, it is a call to action, reminding us of the importance of addressing our responsibilities promptly and with integrity. It also points to the immediacy of God's intervention in our lives, encouraging us to trust that He is actively working to bring about His purposes.