Proverbs 20:20
New International Version
If someone curses their father or mother, their lamp will be snuffed out in pitch darkness.

New Living Translation
If you insult your father or mother, your light will be snuffed out in total darkness.

English Standard Version
If one curses his father or his mother, his lamp will be put out in utter darkness.

Berean Standard Bible
Whoever curses his father or mother, his lamp will be extinguished in deepest darkness.

King James Bible
Whoso curseth his father or his mother, his lamp shall be put out in obscure darkness.

New King James Version
Whoever curses his father or his mother, His lamp will be put out in deep darkness.

New American Standard Bible
He who curses his father or his mother, His lamp will go out in time of darkness.

NASB 1995
He who curses his father or his mother, His lamp will go out in time of darkness.

NASB 1977
He who curses his father or his mother, His lamp will go out in time of darkness.

Legacy Standard Bible
He who curses his father or his mother, His lamp will go out in the midst of darkness.

Amplified Bible
Whoever curses his father or his mother, His lamp [of life] will be extinguished in time of darkness.

Christian Standard Bible
Whoever curses his father or mother — his lamp will go out in deep darkness.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Whoever curses his father or mother— his lamp will go out in deep darkness.

American Standard Version
Whoso curseth his father or his mother, His lamp shall be put out in blackness of darkness.

Contemporary English Version
Children who curse their parents will go to the land of darkness long before their time.

English Revised Version
Whoso curseth his father or his mother, his lamp shall be put out in the blackest darkness.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The lamp of the person who curses his father and mother will be snuffed out in total darkness.

Good News Translation
If you curse your parents, your life will end like a lamp that goes out in the dark.

International Standard Version
Whoever curses his father or mother, his lamp will be extinguished in the deepest darkness.

Majority Standard Bible
Whoever curses his father or mother, his lamp will be extinguished in deepest darkness.

NET Bible
The one who curses his father and his mother, his lamp will be extinguished in the blackest darkness.

New Heart English Bible
Whoever curses his father or his mother, his lamp shall be put out in blackness of darkness.

Webster's Bible Translation
Whoever curseth his father or his mother, his lamp shall be put out in obscure darkness.

World English Bible
Whoever curses his father or his mother, his lamp shall be put out in blackness of darkness.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Whoever is vilifying his father and his mother, his lamp is extinguished in blackness of darkness.

Young's Literal Translation
Whoso is vilifying his father and his mother, Extinguished is his lamp in blackness of darkness.

Smith's Literal Translation
He cursing his father and his mother, his lamp shall go out in the midst of darkness.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
He that curseth his father, and mother, his lamp shall be put out in the midst of darkness.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Whoever curses his father and mother, his lamp will be extinguished in the midst of darkness.

New American Bible
Those who curse father or mother— their lamp will go out in the dead of night.

New Revised Standard Version
If you curse father or mother, your lamp will go out in utter darkness.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
He who curses his father or his mother, his lamp shall be extinguished.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
He that curses his father and his mother will extinguish his lamp as dark pupils.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Whoso curseth his father or his mother, His lamp shall be put out in the blackest darkness.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
The lamp of him that reviles father or mother shall be put out, and his eyeballs shall see darkness.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Wine is a Mocker
19He who reveals secrets is a constant gossip; avoid the one who babbles with his lips. 20Whoever curses his father or mother, his lamp will be extinguished in deepest darkness. 21An inheritance gained quickly will not be blessed in the end.…

Cross References
Exodus 21:17
Anyone who curses his father or mother must surely be put to death.

Leviticus 20:9
If anyone curses his father or mother, he must be put to death. He has cursed his father or mother; his blood shall be upon him.

Matthew 15:4
For God said, ‘Honor your father and mother’ and ‘Anyone who curses his father or mother must be put to death.’

Mark 7:10
For Moses said, ‘Honor your father and your mother’ and ‘Anyone who curses his father or mother must be put to death.’

Deuteronomy 27:16
‘Cursed is he who dishonors his father or mother.’ And let all the people say, ‘Amen!’

Ephesians 6:2-3
“Honor your father and mother” (which is the first commandment with a promise), / “that it may go well with you and that you may have a long life on the earth.”

Proverbs 30:11
There is a generation of those who curse their fathers and do not bless their mothers.

Proverbs 30:17
As for the eye that mocks a father and scorns obedience to a mother, may the ravens of the valley pluck it out and young vultures devour it.

Matthew 10:21
Brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child; children will rise against their parents and have them put to death.

Luke 18:20
You know the commandments: ‘Do not commit adultery, do not murder, do not steal, do not bear false witness, honor your father and mother.’”

2 Timothy 3:2
For men will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, boastful, arrogant, abusive, disobedient to their parents, ungrateful, unholy,

Romans 1:30
slanderers, God-haters, insolent, arrogant, and boastful. They invent new forms of evil; they disobey their parents.

Colossians 3:20
Children, obey your parents in everything, for this is pleasing to the Lord.

Exodus 20:12
Honor your father and mother, so that your days may be long in the land that the LORD your God is giving you.

Deuteronomy 5:16
Honor your father and your mother, as the LORD your God has commanded you, so that your days may be long and that it may go well with you in the land that the LORD your God is giving you.


Treasury of Scripture

Whoever curses his father or his mother, his lamp shall be put out in obscure darkness.

curseth

Proverbs 30:11,17
There is a generation that curseth their father, and doth not bless their mother…

Exodus 20:12
Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.

Exodus 21:17
And he that curseth his father, or his mother, shall surely be put to death.

lamp or candle

Proverbs 20:27
The spirit of man is the candle of the LORD, searching all the inward parts of the belly.

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Blackest Blackness Curse Curses Curseth Darkness Extinguished Lamp Mother Night Obscure Pitch Puts Snuffed Time Utter
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Blackest Blackness Curse Curses Curseth Darkness Extinguished Lamp Mother Night Obscure Pitch Puts Snuffed Time Utter
Proverbs 20
1. Proper Living














Whoever curses
The phrase "whoever curses" is a solemn warning against the act of cursing, which in the Hebrew context is more than just using foul language. The Hebrew word used here is "קָלַל" (qalal), which means to make light of, to despise, or to treat with contempt. In ancient Israelite society, honoring one's parents was a fundamental commandment, deeply rooted in the Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:12). Cursing one's parents was seen as a severe violation of this commandment, reflecting a heart of rebellion and disrespect. This phrase serves as a reminder of the gravity of our words and attitudes towards those whom God has placed in authority over us.

his father or mother
The mention of "his father or mother" underscores the importance of the family unit in biblical teaching. In the Hebrew culture, the family was the primary social unit, and parents were seen as God's representatives in the home. The command to honor one's parents is reiterated throughout Scripture, emphasizing the role of parents in teaching and guiding their children in the ways of the Lord (Deuteronomy 6:6-7). This phrase highlights the sacredness of the parent-child relationship and the expectation of respect and honor within the family.

his lamp will be extinguished
The imagery of "his lamp will be extinguished" is a powerful metaphor in biblical literature. In ancient times, a lamp was a source of light and life, symbolizing guidance, wisdom, and the presence of God. The extinguishing of a lamp signifies the removal of these blessings, leading to a life devoid of divine guidance and favor. This phrase serves as a warning of the spiritual and moral consequences of dishonoring one's parents, suggesting that such actions lead to a life of darkness and separation from God's light.

in deepest darkness
The phrase "in deepest darkness" conveys a sense of utter hopelessness and despair. The Hebrew word for darkness, "אֹפֶל" (ophel), often denotes a profound absence of light, both physically and spiritually. In biblical terms, darkness is frequently associated with judgment, chaos, and evil (Isaiah 8:22). This phrase warns of the severe repercussions of cursing one's parents, indicating that such behavior leads to a life characterized by spiritual blindness and separation from God's truth and blessings. It serves as a call to repentance and a return to honoring God's commandments.

(20) His lamp shall be put out in obscure darkness.--See above, on Proverbs 13:9.

Verse 20. - This is an enforcement of the fifth commandment, by denouncing the punishment which the moral government of God shall exact from the unnatural child. The legal penalty may be seen (Exodus 21:17; Leviticus 20:9); but this was probably seldom or never carried into execution (comp. Matthew 15:4; Mark 7:10). His lamp shall be put out in obscure (the blackest) darkness (comp. Proverbs 13:9). The expression is peculiar; it is literally, according to the Khetib, In the apple of the eye of darkness, as in Proverbs 7:9; i.e. in the very centre of darkness; he will find himself surrounded on all sides by midnight darkness, without escape, with no hope of Divine protection. "Lamp" is a metaphor applied to the bodily and the spiritual life, to happiness and prosperity, to a man's fame and reputation, to a man's posterity; and all these senses may be involved in the denunciation of the disobedient and stubborn child. He shall suffer in body and soul, in character, in fortune, in his children. His fate is the exact counterpart of the blessing promised in the Law. Septuagint, "The lamp of him that revileth father and mother shall be extinguished, and the pupils of his eyes shall behold darkness." Talmud, "Whosoever abandons his parents means his body to become the prey of scorpions." Cato, 'Dist.,' 3:23 -

"Dilige non aegra caros pietate parentes;
Nec matrem offendas, dum vis bonus esse parenti."
One of the evil generations denounced by Agur (Proverbs 30:11) is that which curseth parents.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Whoever curses
מְ֭קַלֵּל (mə·qal·lêl)
Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 7043: To be slight, swift or trifling

his father
אָבִ֣יו (’ā·ḇîw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1: Father

or mother,
וְאִמּ֑וֹ (wə·’im·mōw)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 517: A mother, )

his lamp
נֵ֝ר֗וֹ (nê·rōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5216: A lamp, light

will be extinguished
יִֽדְעַ֥ךְ (yiḏ·‘aḵ)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1846: To be extinguished, to expire, be dried up

in deepest
בֶּאֱשׁ֥וּן (be·’ĕ·šūn)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 380: The little man of the eye, the pupil, ball, the middle

darkness.
חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃ (ḥō·šeḵ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2822: The dark, darkness, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness


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OT Poetry: Proverbs 20:20 Whoever curses his father or his mother (Prov. Pro Pr)
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