Joshua 12:22
New International Version
the king of Kedesh one the king of Jokneam in Carmel one

New Living Translation
The king of Kedesh The king of Jokneam in Carmel

English Standard Version
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

Berean Standard Bible
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

King James Bible
The king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam of Carmel, one;

New King James Version
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

New American Standard Bible
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

NASB 1995
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

NASB 1977
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

Legacy Standard Bible
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

Amplified Bible
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

Christian Standard Bible
the king of Kedesh one the king of Jokneam in Carmel one

Holman Christian Standard Bible
the king of Kedesh one the king of Jokneam in Carmel one

American Standard Version
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

English Revised Version
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

GOD'S WORD® Translation
the king of Kedesh, the king of Jokneam in Carmel,

Good News Translation
Kedesh, Jokneam (in Carmel),

International Standard Version
The king of Kedesh: 1 The king of Jokneam in Carmel: 1

Majority Standard Bible
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

NET Bible
the king of Kedesh (one), the king of Jokneam near Carmel (one),

New Heart English Bible
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

Webster's Bible Translation
The king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam of Carmel, one;

World English Bible
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam of Carmel, one;

Young's Literal Translation
The king of Kedesh, one; The king of Jokneam of Carmel, one;

Smith's Literal Translation
The king of Kadesh, one; the king of Jokneam to Carmel, one;
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The king of Cades one, the king of Jachanan of Carmel one,

Catholic Public Domain Version
the king of Kadesh, one; the king of Jokneam of Carmel, one;

New American Bible
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam, at Carmel, one;

New Revised Standard Version
the king of Kedesh one the king of Jokneam in Carmel one
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
The king of Rakim, one; the king of Nokneam and Carmel, one;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
The one King of Raqem, the one King of Naqamam and of Karmela
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
the king of Maredoth, the king of Jecom of Chermel,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Kings Defeated West of the Jordan
21the king of Taanach, one; the king of Megiddo, one; 22the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one; 23the king of Dor in Naphath-dor, one; the king of Goiim in Gilgal, one;…

Cross References
Numbers 21:24-35
And Israel put him to the sword and took possession of his land, from the Arnon to the Jabbok—but only up to the border of the Ammonites, because it was fortified. / Israel captured all the cities of the Amorites and occupied them, including Heshbon and all its villages. / Heshbon was the city of Sihon king of the Amorites, who had fought against the former king of Moab and taken all his land as far as the Arnon. ...

Deuteronomy 3:1-11
Then we turned and went up the road to Bashan, and Og king of Bashan and his whole army came out to meet us in battle at Edrei. / But the LORD said to me, “Do not fear him, for I have delivered him into your hand, along with all his people and his land. Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon.” / So the LORD our God also delivered Og king of Bashan and his whole army into our hands. We struck them down until no survivor was left. ...

Joshua 11:21-22
At that time Joshua proceeded to eliminate the Anakim from the hill country of Hebron, Debir, and Anab, and from all the hill country of Judah and of Israel. Joshua devoted them to destruction, along with their cities. / No Anakim were left in the land of the Israelites; only in Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod did any survive.

Judges 1:10
Judah also marched against the Canaanites who were living in Hebron (formerly known as Kiriath-arba), and they struck down Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai.

1 Samuel 17:4-7
Then a champion named Goliath, who was from Gath, came out from the Philistine camp. He was six cubits and a span in height, / and he had a bronze helmet on his head. He wore a bronze coat of mail weighing five thousand shekels, / and he had armor of bronze on his legs and a javelin of bronze slung between his shoulders. ...

2 Samuel 21:15-22
Once again the Philistines waged war against Israel, and David and his servants went down and fought against the Philistines. But David became exhausted. / Then Ishbi-benob, a descendant of Rapha, whose bronze spear weighed three hundred shekels and who was bearing a new sword, resolved to kill David. / But Abishai son of Zeruiah came to his aid, struck the Philistine, and killed him. Then David’s men swore to him, “You must never again go out with us to battle, so that the lamp of Israel may not be extinguished.” ...

1 Chronicles 20:4-8
Some time later, war broke out with the Philistines at Gezer. At that time Sibbecai the Hushathite killed Sippai, a descendant of the Rephaim, and the Philistines were subdued. / Once again there was a battle with the Philistines, and Elhanan son of Jair killed Lahmi the brother of Goliath the Gittite, the shaft of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam. / And there was also a battle at Gath, where there was a man of great stature with six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot—twenty-four in all. He too was descended from Rapha, ...

Psalm 136:17-22
He struck down great kings His loving devotion endures forever. / and slaughtered mighty kings—His loving devotion endures forever. / Sihon king of the Amorites His loving devotion endures forever. ...

Isaiah 14:29-31
Do not rejoice, all you Philistines, that the rod that struck you is broken. For a viper will spring from the root of the snake, and a flying serpent from its egg. / Then the firstborn of the poor will find pasture, and the needy will lie down in safety, but I will kill your root by famine, and your remnant will be slain. / Wail, O gate! Cry out, O city! Melt away, all you Philistines! For a cloud of smoke comes from the north, and there are no stragglers in its ranks.

Amos 2:9-10
Yet it was I who destroyed the Amorite before them, though his height was like that of the cedars, and he was as strong as the oaks. Yet I destroyed his fruit above and his roots below. / And I brought you up from the land of Egypt and led you forty years in the wilderness, that you might take possession of the land of the Amorite.

Matthew 11:20-24
Then Jesus began to denounce the cities in which most of His miracles had been performed, because they did not repent. / “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. / But I tell you, it will be more bearable for Tyre and Sidon on the day of judgment than for you. ...

Luke 10:13-15
Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago, sitting in sackcloth and ashes. / But it will be more bearable for Tyre and Sidon at the judgment than for you. / And you, Capernaum, will you be lifted up to heaven? No, you will be brought down to Hades!

Acts 13:19
And having vanquished seven nations in Canaan, He gave their land to His people as an inheritance.

Romans 8:37
No, in all these things we are more than conquerors through Him who loved us.

1 Corinthians 15:57
But thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ!


Treasury of Scripture

The king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam of Carmel, one;

Kedesh

Joshua 15:23
And Kedesh, and Hazor, and Ithnan,

Joshua 19:37
And Kedesh, and Edrei, and Enhazor,

Joshua 21:32
And out of the tribe of Naphtali, Kedesh in Galilee with her suburbs, to be a city of refuge for the slayer; and Hammothdor with her suburbs, and Kartan with her suburbs; three cities.

Jokneam

Joshua 19:11
And their border went up toward the sea, and Maralah, and reached to Dabbasheth, and reached to the river that is before Jokneam;

Carmel

Joshua 15:55
Maon, Carmel, and Ziph, and Juttah,

1 Samuel 25:2
And there was a man in Maon, whose possessions were in Carmel; and the man was very great, and he had three thousand sheep, and a thousand goats: and he was shearing his sheep in Carmel.

Isaiah 35:2
It shall blossom abundantly, and rejoice even with joy and singing: the glory of Lebanon shall be given unto it, the excellency of Carmel and Sharon, they shall see the glory of the LORD, and the excellency of our God.

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Joshua 12
1. The two kings whose countries Moses took and disposed of
7. The thirty-one kings on the other side of Jordan which Joshua smote














the king of Kedesh
The term "king" in this context refers to a local ruler or leader of a city-state, which was common in the ancient Near East. "Kedesh" is a city of significance, often associated with holiness, as its name in Hebrew (קֶדֶשׁ, Qedesh) means "holy" or "sacred." Kedesh was a city of refuge, a place where those accused of manslaughter could seek asylum. This highlights God's provision for justice and mercy within the Israelite community. Archaeologically, Kedesh is identified with Tell Qadesh in the Upper Galilee, a site that has yielded significant findings, underscoring its historical importance.

one
The repetition of "one" in this passage emphasizes the individual defeat of each king, underscoring the comprehensive nature of Israel's conquest under Joshua's leadership. Each "one" signifies a victory, a step towards the fulfillment of God's promise to give the land to the descendants of Abraham. It reflects the meticulous record-keeping and the importance of acknowledging each victory as a testament to God's faithfulness and power.

the king of Jokneam in Carmel
"Jokneam" is another city-state, and its mention alongside "Carmel" situates it geographically. Carmel, a fertile and strategic region, is often associated with beauty and abundance. The Hebrew root of "Jokneam" (יָקְנְעָם, Yokneam) suggests a meaning related to "the people will be lamented" or "the people will be established," which may reflect the city's historical experiences. The inclusion of Jokneam in the list of defeated kings signifies the extension of Israel's control into this lush and significant area, further demonstrating God's provision and the fulfillment of His promises. Historically, the region of Carmel has been a site of numerous biblical events, adding layers of spiritual and historical significance to its mention here.

one
Again, the use of "one" serves to highlight the individual nature of each conquest. It is a reminder of the personal and specific nature of God's promises and actions. Each victory is a testament to the faithfulness of God and the obedience of His people. The enumeration of these kings serves as a historical record and a spiritual encouragement, reminding believers of the certainty of God's promises and the importance of faithfulness in their own spiritual battles.

Verse 22. - Kedesh, i.e., Kedesh-Napbtali (see Joshua 19:7). Jokneam of Carmel. This city is mentioned as one of the cities of purveyance to Solomon's court (1 Kings 4:12), with Beth-shean, Taanach, and Megiddo. It has been identified by explorers, from Robinson downwards, with Tell-el-Kaimun, on the southern slopes of Mount Carmel. It is the Cammona, or Cimana, of the Onomasticon, the "Cyamon over against Esdraelon" of Judith 7:3. It was a Levitical city (Joshua 21:34), but in the list in 1 Chronicles 6. we miss it in its proper place, and find it taking the place of Kibzaim in Ephraim. But, as the margin of our version remarks in the latter chapter (ver. 68), the names of the cities in the two lists very frequently do not correspond.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
the king
מֶ֤לֶךְ (me·leḵ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of Kedesh,
קֶ֙דֶשׁ֙ (qe·ḏeš)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6943: Kedesh -- 'sanctuary', the name of several places in Israel

one;
אֶחָ֔ד (’e·ḥāḏ)
Number - masculine singular
Strong's 259: United, one, first

the king
מֶֽלֶךְ־ (me·leḵ-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of Jokneam
יָקְנֳעָ֥ם (yā·qə·no·‘ām)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 3362: Jokneam -- a city of Canaan

in Carmel,
לַכַּרְמֶ֖ל (lak·kar·mel)
Preposition-l, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 3760: Carmel -- a mountain promontory on the Mediterranean, also a city near Hebron

one;
אֶחָֽד׃ (’e·ḥāḏ)
Number - masculine singular
Strong's 259: United, one, first


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OT History: Joshua 12:22 The king of Kedesh one (Josh. Jos)
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