Job 24:3
New International Version
They drive away the orphan’s donkey and take the widow’s ox in pledge.

New Living Translation
They take the orphan’s donkey and demand the widow’s ox as security for a loan.

English Standard Version
They drive away the donkey of the fatherless; they take the widow’s ox for a pledge.

Berean Standard Bible
They drive away the donkey of the fatherless and take the widow’s ox in pledge.

King James Bible
They drive away the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge.

New King James Version
They drive away the donkey of the fatherless; They take the widow’s ox as a pledge.

New American Standard Bible
“They drive away the donkeys of orphans; They seize the widow’s ox as a pledge.

NASB 1995
“They drive away the donkeys of the orphans; They take the widow’s ox for a pledge.

NASB 1977
“They drive away the donkeys of the orphans; They take the widow’s ox for a pledge.

Legacy Standard Bible
They drive away the donkeys of the orphans; They take the widow’s ox for a pledge.

Amplified Bible
“They drive away the donkeys of the orphans; They take the widow’s ox for a pledge.

Christian Standard Bible
They drive away the donkeys owned by the fatherless and take the widow’s ox as collateral.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
They drive away the donkeys owned by the fatherless and take the widow’s ox as collateral.

American Standard Version
They drive away the ass of the fatherless; They take the widow's ox for a pledge.

Contemporary English Version
They cheat orphans and widows by taking their donkeys and oxen.

English Revised Version
They drive away the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
They drive away the orphan's donkey. They take the widow's ox as security for a loan.

Good News Translation
They take donkeys that belong to orphans, and keep a widow's ox till she pays her debts.

International Standard Version
They drive away the orphan's donkey; they take the ox of the widow as security for a loan;

Majority Standard Bible
They drive away the donkey of the fatherless and take the widow?s ox in pledge.

NET Bible
They drive away the orphan's donkey; they take the widow's ox as a pledge.

New Heart English Bible
They drive away the donkey of the fatherless, and they take the widow's ox for a pledge.

Webster's Bible Translation
They drive away the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge.

World English Bible
They drive away the donkey of the fatherless, and they take the widow’s ox for a pledge.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
They lead away the donkey of the fatherless, "" They take in pledge the ox of the widow,

Young's Literal Translation
The ass of the fatherless they lead away, They take in pledge the ox of the widow,

Smith's Literal Translation
They will lead away the ass of the orphans, and they will take for pledge, the widow's ox.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
They have driven away the ass of the fatherless, and have taken away the widow's ox for a pledge.

Catholic Public Domain Version
They have driven away the donkey of orphans, and have taken the cow from the widow as collateral.

New American Bible
The donkeys of orphans they drive away; they take the widow’s ox for a pledge.

New Revised Standard Version
They drive away the donkey of the orphan; they take the widow’s ox for a pledge.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
They seize the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And male donkeys of orphans they have taken and they pawn the ox of a widow
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
They drive away the ass of the fatherless, They take the widow's ox for a pledge.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
They have led away, the ass of the fatherless, and taken the widow's ox for a pledge.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Job: Judgment for the Wicked
2Men move boundary stones; they pasture stolen flocks. 3They drive away the donkey of the fatherless and take the widow’s ox in pledge. 4They push the needy off the road and force all the poor of the land into hiding.…

Cross References
Exodus 22:22-24
You must not mistreat any widow or orphan. / If you do mistreat them, and they cry out to Me in distress, I will surely hear their cry. / My anger will be kindled, and I will kill you with the sword; then your wives will become widows and your children will be fatherless.

Deuteronomy 24:17
Do not deny justice to the foreigner or the fatherless, and do not take a widow’s cloak as security.

Isaiah 10:1-2
Woe to those who enact unjust statutes and issue oppressive decrees, / to deprive the poor of fair treatment and withhold justice from the oppressed of My people, to make widows their prey and orphans their plunder.

Proverbs 22:22-23
Do not rob a poor man because he is poor, and do not crush the afflicted at the gate, / for the LORD will take up their case and will plunder those who rob them.

Jeremiah 7:6
if you no longer oppress the foreigner and the fatherless and the widow, and if you no longer shed innocent blood in this place or follow other gods to your own harm,

Zechariah 7:10
Do not oppress the widow or the fatherless, the foreigner or the poor. And do not plot evil in your hearts against one another.’

Malachi 3:5
“Then I will draw near to you for judgment. And I will be a swift witness against sorcerers and adulterers and perjurers, against oppressors of the widowed and fatherless, and against those who defraud laborers of their wages and deny justice to the foreigner but do not fear Me,” says the LORD of Hosts.

Psalm 68:5
A father of the fatherless and a defender of widows is God in His holy habitation.

Psalm 82:3-4
Defend the cause of the weak and fatherless; uphold the rights of the afflicted and oppressed. / Rescue the weak and needy; save them from the hand of the wicked.

Proverbs 23:10-11
Do not move an ancient boundary stone or encroach on the fields of the fatherless, / for their Redeemer is strong; He will take up their case against you.

James 1:27
Pure and undefiled religion before our God and Father is this: to care for orphans and widows in their distress, and to keep oneself from being polluted by the world.

Matthew 23:14
Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You shut the kingdom of heaven in men’s faces. You yourselves do not enter, nor will you let in those who wish to enter.

Luke 20:47
They defraud widows of their houses, and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will receive greater condemnation.”

Mark 12:40
They defraud widows of their houses, and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will receive greater condemnation.”

1 Timothy 5:3
Honor the widows who are truly widows.


Treasury of Scripture

They drive away the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge.

drive

Job 22:6-9
For thou hast taken a pledge from thy brother for nought, and stripped the naked of their clothing…

Job 31:16,17
If I have withheld the poor from their desire, or have caused the eyes of the widow to fail; …

Deuteronomy 24:6,10-13,17-21
No man shall take the nether or the upper millstone to pledge: for he taketh a man's life to pledge…

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Ass Debt Donkey Donkeys Drive Fatherless Lead Orphans Ox Pledge Widow Widow's
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Ass Debt Donkey Donkeys Drive Fatherless Lead Orphans Ox Pledge Widow Widow's
Job 24
1. Wickedness often goes unpunished
17. There is a secret judgment for the wicked














They drive away
The phrase "they drive away" suggests an act of forceful removal or displacement. In the Hebrew context, the verb used here implies a deliberate and aggressive action. Historically, this reflects the social injustices prevalent in ancient times, where the powerful often exploited the vulnerable. The act of driving away signifies not just physical removal but also the stripping away of security and livelihood, which is a recurring theme in the Book of Job as Job laments the injustices he observes.

the donkey of the fatherless
The "donkey of the fatherless" symbolizes the essential means of livelihood for the orphaned and vulnerable. In ancient Near Eastern societies, a donkey was a valuable asset, crucial for transportation and agricultural work. The fatherless, or orphans, were particularly defenseless in a patriarchal society, and taking their donkey would mean depriving them of their ability to sustain themselves. This phrase highlights the heartlessness of those who exploit the weak, a direct contradiction to the Biblical mandate to care for orphans and widows (James 1:27).

and take the widow’s ox in pledge
The act of taking "the widow’s ox in pledge" refers to the practice of seizing collateral for a debt. In the Hebrew tradition, widows were among the most vulnerable, often lacking the protection and provision of a husband. The ox, like the donkey, was vital for survival, used for plowing fields and producing food. By taking the widow's ox, the oppressors not only violate the Mosaic Law, which commands care for widows (Deuteronomy 24:17), but they also strip away her means of sustenance. This phrase underscores the theme of social injustice and the moral decay that Job perceives in his world.

(3) They drive away the ass.--The ass and the ox, the fatherless and the widow presumably having no more than one. He first describes the oppression of the country, and then that of the city (Job 24:12). We seem here to catch a glimpse of the sufferings of some oppressed and subject aboriginal race, such as the Canaanites may have been to the Jews, though there is probably no allusion to them. But, at all events, the writer and the speaker seem to have been familiar with some such abject and servile race, who haunted the desert and suffered at the hands of the more powerful tribes. Man's inhumanity to man is, unhappily, a crime of very long standing.

Verse 3 - They drive away the ass of the fatherless. This was another form of oppression. "Whose ox have I taken? or whose ass have I taken? or whom have I defrauded? whom have I oppressed?" says Samuel, on laying down his judgeship (1 Samuel 12:3). The "fatherless" were particularly liable to such ill treatment, seeing that they had lost their natural protector. They take the widow's ox for a pledge. It may be true that this was nowhere a legal offence, not even among the Hebrews (Lee); but it was a real act of oppression, and forms a fitting counterpart to the injury done to the orphan. (On the natural tendency of selfish men to bear hard on these two classes, see Exodus 22:22; Deuteronomy 24:17; Deuteronomy 27:19; Psalm 94:6; Isaiah 1:23; Isaiah 10:2; Jeremiah 5:28; Zechariah 7:10.)

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
They drive away
יִנְהָ֑גוּ (yin·hā·ḡū)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 5090: To drive forth, lead, carry away, to proceed, to sigh

the donkey
חֲמ֣וֹר (ḥă·mō·wr)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 2543: A male ass

of the fatherless
יְתוֹמִ֣ים (yə·ṯō·w·mîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 3490: A bereaved person

and take the widow’s
אַלְמָנָֽה׃ (’al·mā·nāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 490: A widow, a desolate place

ox
שׁ֣וֹר (šō·wr)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7794: A head of cattle (bullock, ox, etcetera)

in pledge.
יַ֝חְבְּל֗וּ (yaḥ·bə·lū)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 2254: To wind tightly, to bind, a pledge, to pervert, destroy, to writhe in pain


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OT Poetry: Job 24:3 They drive away the donkey (Jb)
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